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WO1997018456A1 - Appareil et procede de caracterisation par filtration de materiaux a l'etat fondu - Google Patents

Appareil et procede de caracterisation par filtration de materiaux a l'etat fondu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997018456A1
WO1997018456A1 PCT/GB1996/002780 GB9602780W WO9718456A1 WO 1997018456 A1 WO1997018456 A1 WO 1997018456A1 GB 9602780 W GB9602780 W GB 9602780W WO 9718456 A1 WO9718456 A1 WO 9718456A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
sample
molten
mateπal
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1996/002780
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Philip Graham Enright
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
N-TEC Ltd
Original Assignee
N-TEC Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by N-TEC Ltd filed Critical N-TEC Ltd
Priority to CA002237355A priority Critical patent/CA2237355C/fr
Priority to AU75794/96A priority patent/AU7579496A/en
Publication of WO1997018456A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997018456A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/02—Refining by liquating, filtering, centrifuging, distilling, or supersonic wave action including acoustic waves
    • C22B9/023—By filtering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
    • C22B21/066—Treatment of circulating aluminium, e.g. by filtration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
    • G01N11/02—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by measuring flow of the material
    • G01N11/04—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by measuring flow of the material through a restricted passage, e.g. tube, aperture
    • G01N11/06—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by measuring flow of the material through a restricted passage, e.g. tube, aperture by timing the outflow of a known quantity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/20—Metals
    • G01N33/205—Metals in liquid state, e.g. molten metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to apparatus and method for the characte ⁇ sation of fluids such
  • the invention as molten metals in determining the quality ol the fluid.
  • analysis can be formed by
  • An object of the invention is to avoid or at least mitigate the problems of the p ⁇ or
  • the invention provides a method and apparatus for on-line liltenng
  • the monitoring step compnses determining the rate of flow or change
  • mate ⁇ al is determined for example by weighing the mass of filtered molten mate ⁇ al.
  • the method comprises a step of ensunng a minimum amount of mate ⁇ al
  • method can compnse the step of stopping measurements when an upper amount of
  • the method further compnses a calibration step for determining the flow
  • the flow characteristic can be determined over a range of the above
  • the parameters in any given characterisation run of a sample.
  • the parameters can be
  • sensors such as pressure sensors
  • input by and controlled by an operator are examples of sensors, such as pressure sensors, or input by and controlled by an operator.
  • a profile of acceptable flow charactenstics can be determined for a
  • the method comprises pressu ⁇ sation of the molten mate ⁇ al which can
  • the initial pressure is in the region of 138000 to 345000 Pa (20
  • a lower processing pressure is about 34500 to 138000 Pa
  • Another aspect of the invention provides apparatus for charactensing molten
  • the apparatus further compnses means for compa ⁇ ng the measured flow
  • the monitonng means can comprise a timer and/or means for determining
  • the amount of material to flow through the filter for example, a weighing device.
  • the comparison means comprises stored data from known samples used
  • the apparatus further comprises means for determining if a minimum
  • Figure 1 is a front elevation view of a first embodiment of apparatus
  • Figure 2 is a side elevation view of the apparatus shown in figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in figures 1 and 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of apparatus according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view ot the bottom of the crucible shown in figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view ot a third embodiment of apparatus
  • Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram ot a control system for apparatus
  • Figure 8 is a schematic graph of filtrate weight versus time, obtained using
  • Figures 9 to 12 are graphs ot filtrate weight ⁇ ersus time under different
  • Figure 13 is a schematic graph of filtrate weight versus time used to provide
  • Figure 14 is a schematic graph of the range of total inclusion content
  • Figure 15 is a schematic block diagram of a second control system for the
  • Figure 16 is a schematic drawing of a pneumatic control system for part of
  • Figure 17 is a schematic drawing of a temperature control test before
  • Figure 18 is a schematic side elevation view of a second catchment tray
  • Figure 19 is a filtration weight versus time graph defining a profile region
  • Figure 20 is a second filtration weight versus time graph for a second profile
  • Figures 21a and 21b are micrographs at forty times the enlargement for
  • Figure 22 shows a series of flow curves from a foundry audit
  • Figure 23 is a further filtration weight versus time graph for two different
  • Figure 24a is a filtration weight versus time graph for a compa ⁇ son between
  • Figure 24b is a filtration weight versus time graph of two samples having
  • Figure 25 is a filtration weight versus time graph for three sets of curves
  • Figure 26 is a further filtration weight versus time graph for a further three
  • the container 12 is closed using a lid 14 which in this
  • control panel 20 which can for example comprise a visual display and user input means such as a keyboard and/or disc dnve tor example.
  • a crucible 22 is shown housed within
  • a filter 24 which allows molten metal contained within the crucible 22 to pass into
  • Apparams 10 further compnses a valve 28 which controls the pressure of gas
  • An inlet hose to valve 28 can be
  • fluid communication means such as a hose between container 12 and container 12
  • valve 28 and inlet 31 in lid 14 of the container There is also provided in container
  • a pressure gauge 32 for monitoring the amount of pressure with the system.
  • valve 28 can be used to control the pressure in container 12 to
  • thermocouple measuring the thermocouple
  • the temperature of the sample can be tested using a probe 30 remote
  • container 12 for example by providing a hand-held probe having a sufficiently
  • a flow sensor 34 can be provided to detect if there is excessive leakage of
  • Detector 34 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28. Additionally, a sensor 35 can be provided in-line with valve 28.
  • control panel 20 are connected to a central control system, possibly housed in control panel 20.
  • filter 24 is seated in a recess on a ledge 80 at the bottom of
  • crucible comprises a mask 84 to prevent flow of molten material around the filter
  • the mask 84 can be made of a mica paste containing platelets of mica, used
  • crucible 22 comprises an outer layer 86 of material such as a cement paste to restnct airflow through the bottom of crucible 22.
  • crucible 22 is an alumino silicate fibre crucible such as a procal six
  • Filter 24 is preferably a ceramic filter preferably
  • Fraxbond 715 adhesive available from
  • the internal mask 84 tor the filter can be used
  • Microfine Mica (potassium alumimum silicate )
  • container 12 is a steel casing attached to base 23 Additionally, there is
  • crucible 22 is made of
  • fibrous ceramic such as alurmno-silicate and filter 24 is preferably made of alumina
  • Figure 6 shows a third embodiment of a crucible 22 and part of a second filtration
  • Apparams 10 comprises a connector 31
  • the upper part or lid 14 of system 10 is hingeably connected by hinge 15 such as a floating hinge, to a body compnsmg wall 12 and lower gasket and base
  • the d 14 is clamped into place using a swing clamp 16 to seal the pressu ⁇ sed gas
  • Apparams 10 in figure 6 further compnses a furnace 48 which can be an induction
  • valve 28 to momtor the conditions at vanous sensors and to control devices such as valve 28.
  • figure 7 shows controller 36 connected for input from thermocouple
  • a memory 38 for storing data, for example, a user input 40 such as a
  • the system can further comprise a power
  • the power supply 44 could compnse a mains
  • molten material can be ladled into crucible 22 which is then inserted into
  • Lid 14 is secured in position by clamp 16 and the container 12
  • valve 28 pressurised by opening valve 28 until a pre-determined pressure is detected by gauge
  • Figure 8 shows schematically different types of filtration rate
  • oxide films For example, oxide films
  • Figure 10 shows the variation of weight of filtered matenal over time, depending
  • Figure 1 1 shows the variation of filtered
  • Figure 12 shows a set ot curves from metal containing different levels of oxide
  • the invention provides characte ⁇ sation of molten metal by monito ⁇ ng the
  • foundry process is operating according to requirements As shown in figure 14 a
  • the mean value ot band B tor a given toundry is found to he anywhere
  • system according to the invention can be used to monitor the quality of output from
  • controller 36 can be used to control the foundry in a real time manner Accordingly, controller 36 can be used to control the foundry in a real time manner Accordingly, controller 36 can be used to control the foundry in a real time manner Accordingly, controller 36 can be used to control the foundry in a real time manner Accordingly, controller 36 can be used to control the foundry in a real time manner Accordingly, controller 36 can be used to control the foundry in a real time manner Accordingly, controller 36 can be used to control the foundry in a real time manner.
  • Figure 13 shows a pre-determined profile region 50 which might be deemed as an
  • Region 50 is defined on its upper side by a
  • a lower weight limit 60 can also be specified in order to determine if any
  • curve 55 determimng the upper bound of region 50 need not be a straight line but
  • the system is applicable to molten matenals other than aluminium, especially, iron,
  • interface unit 72 communicates with a type K thermocouple labelled 30a. pressure
  • Digital inputs are received at unit 72 from user buttons A, B & C, air flow sensor
  • a digital output is provided to a shoot bolt valve 74 which locks the lid 14 in position dunng operation. Digital output also goes to an audible
  • An analogue to digital output communicates with
  • pressure regulator 76 which controls the pressure in the crucible container 12a.
  • pneumatic circuit 80 compnses a first air filter 81 such as a 5 micron air filter and
  • a second air filter 82 such as a 0.01 micron air filter.
  • a pressure switch 83 controls
  • Pressure transducer 32a is provided in communication with the internal pressure of
  • the pneumatic system can be used to provide the
  • the system 70 can detect errors in the system including no air pressure,
  • thermocouple broken thermocouple, lid not closed, excessive time taken to reach temperature
  • test temperamre failing to reach test temperamre, excess time taken for metal flow, weigh ladle or tray 18 not in place, tray 18 not empty For example, the test
  • conditions can be pre-set such as maximum test time ot 5 minutes, minimum weight
  • system 70 can be run by loading a crucible
  • thermocouple containing 1 4 kg ot metal into container 12a and inserting a thermocouple into the
  • test molten metal sample The system 70 measures the sample temperamre
  • maximum temperature is taken as being as one where the temperature change is less
  • a priming pressure and operating pressure can begin by applying a priming pressure and operating pressure to the sample as
  • handle 120 connected to a body portion 122 which is formed from a sleeve of
  • the sleeve is perforated with holes of approximately 1 cm diameter
  • the sleeve carnes a receptacle 124 which is shaped so as not to protrude
  • the apertures provide convective cooling of the molten metal
  • This profile region can be used as a damm. against which to characte ⁇ se of
  • curve A defines the upper boundary and curve B defines a lower boundary
  • the alloy is un-grain-ref ed and does not contain any added grain
  • Figure 20 is a second window obtained from filtration of A319 alloy under the same
  • Figure 21 A and 21B are a pair of micrographs showing the build up ot inclusions
  • curve A is formed from alloy having an inclusion content of less
  • Figure 22 shows a senes of 26 curves sampled under identical conditions as those
  • composition by reference to other position in the weight-time window.
  • Figure 19 shows the footp ⁇ nt for ungrain refined aluminium alloy A356 generated
  • melts were prepared in a 5 tonne induction furnace. The melts were made from charges compnsmg shghtly different scrap to virgin ingot mixes
  • Aluminium Strontium ( A l - l OSr) to modify the metal.
  • titanium diboride particles trom the A1-5TMB rod titanium diboride particles trom the A1-5TMB rod.
  • Titanium dibonde particles and clusters thereof are typically in the size range
  • the user can define a lower limit for an acceptable profile or
  • Such a line could be positioned by a user intermediate the
  • an upper limit to the profile region could be
  • the present invention has been used to measure and optimize the performance of
  • oxides and other insoluble inclusions such as are commonly found in alumimum alloys are physically intercepted by the bubbles and earned to the top of
  • the gas typically used for this process is normally an inert gas such as argon or in
  • reactive gas such as chlonne or freon into the mam body of inert gas in order to
  • the metal was then treated according to standard practices using a Hepworth
  • melt was equilibrated at 730°C and the flow characte ⁇ stic of the mate ⁇ al was

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de caractérisation de matériaux à l'état fondu consistant à faire passer un écoulement du matériau dans un dispositif destiné à filtrer les inclusions que renferme ce matériau, à contrôler l'écoulement de matériau à l'état fondu traversant le dispositif de filtration, et à comparer l'écoulement mesuré à un écoulement prédéterminé caractéristique afin de pouvoir déterminer la nature du matériau.
PCT/GB1996/002780 1995-11-11 1996-11-11 Appareil et procede de caracterisation par filtration de materiaux a l'etat fondu Ceased WO1997018456A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002237355A CA2237355C (fr) 1995-11-11 1996-11-11 Appareil et procede de caracterisation par filtration de materiaux a l'etat fondu
AU75794/96A AU7579496A (en) 1995-11-11 1996-11-11 Filtration apparatus and method of characterising molten materials

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9523154.4 1995-11-11
GBGB9523154.4A GB9523154D0 (en) 1995-11-11 1995-11-11 Filtration apparatus and method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997018456A1 true WO1997018456A1 (fr) 1997-05-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1996/002780 Ceased WO1997018456A1 (fr) 1995-11-11 1996-11-11 Appareil et procede de caracterisation par filtration de materiaux a l'etat fondu

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7579496A (fr)
GB (2) GB9523154D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997018456A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5827982A (en) * 1997-02-24 1998-10-27 Alcan International Limited Portable liquid metal filtration device for inclusion analysis
US5894085A (en) * 1995-01-26 1999-04-13 Centre Technique Des Industries De La Fonderie Device for determining the purity of a metal alloy
US6498601B1 (en) 1999-11-29 2002-12-24 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for selecting input modes on a palmtop computer
EP2284288A1 (fr) * 2009-08-13 2011-02-16 FUJIFILM Corporation Matériau en feuille d'aluminium pour plaques d'impression lithographique
WO2014118397A1 (fr) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-07 Giesserei Instandsetzung Service 2003, S.L Procédé de fusion de tournures d'aluminium

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2356939B (en) * 1999-04-22 2003-08-06 Geoffry Robert Bestwick Portable viscosity tester
US7472613B2 (en) 2003-05-06 2009-01-06 Alcan International Limited Device and method for measuring metal inclusions
EP1582601A1 (fr) * 2004-04-01 2005-10-05 TCG UNITECH Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de fusion pour déterminer les inclusions non-métalliques dans un matériau métallique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5666373A (en) * 1979-11-01 1981-06-04 Kawasaki Steel Corp Discrete weighing method of molten iron and molten slag in receiving pan
US4366721A (en) * 1981-02-10 1983-01-04 Union Carbide Corporation Molten metal sampling device
JPS6393466A (ja) * 1986-10-06 1988-04-23 Kubota Ltd 注湯取鍋用溶湯注入器
JPH0424489A (ja) * 1990-05-18 1992-01-28 Showa Alum Corp 溶融金属中の介在物分析具および分析方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54155103A (en) * 1978-03-08 1979-12-06 Massachusetts Inst Technology Refining of metal composition
US4395333A (en) * 1982-04-14 1983-07-26 Groteke Daniel E Pre-wet and reinforced molten metal filter
US4509728A (en) * 1983-10-12 1985-04-09 Southwire Company Molten metal filtration indicator
US4601460A (en) * 1984-04-11 1986-07-22 Olin Corporation Technique for removing impurities from a copper melt
US5427602A (en) * 1994-08-08 1995-06-27 Aluminum Company Of America Removal of suspended particles from molten metal

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5666373A (en) * 1979-11-01 1981-06-04 Kawasaki Steel Corp Discrete weighing method of molten iron and molten slag in receiving pan
US4366721A (en) * 1981-02-10 1983-01-04 Union Carbide Corporation Molten metal sampling device
JPS6393466A (ja) * 1986-10-06 1988-04-23 Kubota Ltd 注湯取鍋用溶湯注入器
JPH0424489A (ja) * 1990-05-18 1992-01-28 Showa Alum Corp 溶融金属中の介在物分析具および分析方法

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 12, no. 325 (M - 737)<3172> 5 September 1988 (1988-09-05) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 16, no. 187 (M - 1244) 7 May 1992 (1992-05-07) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 5, no. 127 (M - 83)<799> 15 August 1981 (1981-08-15) *
RICHARD M. & DROUZY M.: "Filtration des alliages d'aluminium", FONDERIE-FONDEUR D'AUJOURD'HUI, vol. 32, no. 2, February 1984 (1984-02-01), PARIS, FR, pages 25 - 29, XP002027118 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5894085A (en) * 1995-01-26 1999-04-13 Centre Technique Des Industries De La Fonderie Device for determining the purity of a metal alloy
US5827982A (en) * 1997-02-24 1998-10-27 Alcan International Limited Portable liquid metal filtration device for inclusion analysis
US6498601B1 (en) 1999-11-29 2002-12-24 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for selecting input modes on a palmtop computer
EP2284288A1 (fr) * 2009-08-13 2011-02-16 FUJIFILM Corporation Matériau en feuille d'aluminium pour plaques d'impression lithographique
WO2014118397A1 (fr) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-07 Giesserei Instandsetzung Service 2003, S.L Procédé de fusion de tournures d'aluminium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9623383D0 (en) 1997-01-08
GB9523154D0 (en) 1996-01-17
GB2307049B (en) 1998-04-08
GB2307049A (en) 1997-05-14
AU7579496A (en) 1997-06-05

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