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WO1997007393A1 - Dispositif de detection de contaminants organiques dans le sol et dans l'eau - Google Patents

Dispositif de detection de contaminants organiques dans le sol et dans l'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997007393A1
WO1997007393A1 PCT/US1996/013390 US9613390W WO9707393A1 WO 1997007393 A1 WO1997007393 A1 WO 1997007393A1 US 9613390 W US9613390 W US 9613390W WO 9707393 A1 WO9707393 A1 WO 9707393A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
sample
transducing
extract
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1996/013390
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English (en)
Inventor
John Hanby
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU68501/96A priority Critical patent/AU6850196A/en
Publication of WO1997007393A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997007393A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N21/82—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a precipitate or turbidity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/18—Water
    • G01N33/1826—Organic contamination in water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials

Definitions

  • TITLE APPARATUS FOR DETECTION OF SOIL AND
  • Applicant's invention relates to environmental analysis, and particularly to analysis of contamination of soil and water.
  • Hanby II specified the use of an alkyl halide and particularly carbon tetrachloride. This requirement was necessary in order to achieve low level (i.e. 1 ppm or less) contami ⁇ nation.
  • Hanby II permits the use of non-halogenated solvents (e.g. heptane); thus, involving acylation type FC reactions as opposed to akylation reactions.
  • Acylation reactions produces precipitates that are not necessarily visually differentiable whereas the spectrophotometer is capable of uniquely identifying and quantifying these precipitates.
  • the present invention eliminates subjective factors that affected the reproducibility of results obtained using Hanby I by incorporating a light source, fiber optic cable, and a charge coupled device (CCD) spectrometer to measure the wavelength and intensity of the light reflected from the FC product.
  • the electronic output from the spectrometer is then compared, using a digital computer, to the electronic signals or "fingerprints" produced by known samples of various contaminants.
  • a computer By using a computer to match the signals produced by the sample under investigation to the fingerprints, the reproducibility of results is greatly enhanced.
  • Hanby II is capable not only of determining quantitative levels of contaminants in samples but also of identifying the chemical composition of the sample. While certainly not the first use of spectrometry to identify environmental samples, it is the first use of visible spectrometry in combination with Friedel-Crafts reactions for the analysis of environmen ⁇ tal contamination.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross section of the fiber optic cable.
  • the present invention comprises a housing 1 having an opening in its top surface.
  • the opening is dimensioned to receive a test tube 2, test tube 2 containing the Friedel-Crafts [FC] product of an extracted sample of soil or water.
  • FC product is produced using the method disclosed in Hanby, U.S. Patent No. 4,992,379 incorporated by reference herein.
  • Module 5 resides within housing 1 and is adapted to receive test tube 2 and fiber optic probe 8 such that fiber optic probe 8 is located proximally to test tube 2.
  • module 5 is made from an opaque, non-reflective, and black material that minimizes stray light interference.
  • Module 5 includes a first chamber 6 that is dimensioned to receive test tube 2 through the opening in the top surface of housing 1.
  • Module 5 also includes second chamber 7 that is dimensioned to receive fiber optic probe 8. Second chamber 7 extends through module 5 into first chamber 6 such that when test tube 2 is positioned within chamber 6, fiber optic probe 8 can be inserted into second chamber 7 to an adjustable position proximal to test tube 2.
  • Figure 2 depicts a cross section of the preferred embodiment of fiber optic probe 8.
  • Probe 8 comprises a casing 15 that encloses six source fibers 9 and a single reflectance fiber 10.
  • source fibers 9 and reflectance fiber 10 are contained in probe 8.
  • the source fibers 9 are connected to light source 11 and conduct light to test tube 2.
  • Reflectance fiber 10 conducts the light reflected off of the FC precipitate in test tube 2 to CCD spectrometer 12.
  • the source fibers 9 and the reflectance fiber 10 are each 200 ⁇ . ⁇ , in diameter and are designed to promote extremely efficient and coherent transmission of the wavelengths critical to this analytical procedure (i.e. 450 nm to 575 nm). This portion of the visible spectrum is the most diagnostic region for this method.
  • a tungsten-halogen light source providing light energy across the visible spectrum, powered by a rechargeable battery (not shown) is used as light source 1 1.
  • Light emitted from light source 1 1 is transmitted over source fibers 9 into probe 8 and reflected off the FC precipitate.
  • the light reflected off of the FC precipitate is conducted over reflectance cable 10 into CCD spectrometer 12 where the optical signal is transduced into an analog electrical signal by spectrometer 12.
  • CCD Spectrometers are well known in the art. See, e.g.. Prytherch, U.S. Patent No. 5,235,402 and references cited therein.
  • a commercially available CCD spectrometer that incorporates the single fiber optic as described is used. Such a device is available from Ocean Optics, Inc., of 1 104 Pinehurst Road, Dunedin, Florida 34698-5427; (813) 733-2447.
  • the analog electrical signal output from CCD spectrometer 12 is routed, via ribbon cable 13, through an opening 3 in the side of housing 1 , to external computer 14 where the signal passes through a conventional analog-to-digital converter.
  • the digital signals are then compared with stored signals produced from known samples.
  • computer 14 can determine what quantities of contami ⁇ nants are present in the sample.
  • the present invention could incorporate its own microprocessor, on-board ROM, and a simple LED display for internal analysis of the samples.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif et procédé de détection de contaminants organiques dans un échantillon d'eau ou de sol par l'extraction des contaminants à l'aide d'un solvant organique, suivie de l'addition à l'extrait d'un catalyseur acide de Friedel-Crafts Lewis pour produire un précipité réactionnel dont la couleur caractéristique indique le type de contaminant et sa quantité. L'appareil comprend une caisse (1) avec un orifice qui permet d'introduire dans une chambre (6) un tube à réaction (2) contenant le précipité réactionnel. A l'intérieur de la caisse (1) se trouvent une source de lumière (11), un détecteur à fibres optiques (8-10) et un spectromètre à cellule à couplage de charge (12) qui permet d'envoyer de la lumière et d'enregistrer la lumière réfléchie émise par le précipité réactionnel contenu dans le tube à réaction (2). Le dispositif comporte également un ordinateur externe (14) qui permet de traiter les signaux enregistrés afin de déterminer le type des contaminants présents dans l'échantillon et leur quantité.
PCT/US1996/013390 1995-08-15 1996-08-15 Dispositif de detection de contaminants organiques dans le sol et dans l'eau Ceased WO1997007393A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU68501/96A AU6850196A (en) 1995-08-15 1996-08-15 Apparatus for detection of soil and water contaminants by organic compounds

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US51526195A 1995-08-15 1995-08-15
US08/515,261 1995-08-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997007393A1 true WO1997007393A1 (fr) 1997-02-27

Family

ID=24050625

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1996/013390 Ceased WO1997007393A1 (fr) 1995-08-15 1996-08-15 Dispositif de detection de contaminants organiques dans le sol et dans l'eau

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6850196A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997007393A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130183767A1 (en) * 2012-01-18 2013-07-18 John David Hanby Diffusion/Chemical Reaction/Spectrometric Device for the Analysis of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Environmental and Geological Formation Samples
CN103941030B (zh) * 2014-03-26 2015-04-22 河北先河环保科技股份有限公司 一种顺序注射圆柱形试剂贮存装置
US9448220B2 (en) 2012-01-18 2016-09-20 Charles D. FATOR Spectrometric device for the analysis of environmental and geological samples
CN107850549A (zh) * 2015-07-24 2018-03-27 切弗朗菲利浦化学公司 使用浊度计监测反应器馈料流中的聚合催化剂系统的固体组分的方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4992379A (en) * 1987-02-05 1991-02-12 Hanby John D Field test for aromatics in groundwater
US5040889A (en) * 1986-05-30 1991-08-20 Pacific Scientific Company Spectrometer with combined visible and ultraviolet sample illumination
US5303026A (en) * 1991-02-26 1994-04-12 The Regents Of The University Of California Los Alamos National Laboratory Apparatus and method for spectroscopic analysis of scattering media
US5404218A (en) * 1993-11-18 1995-04-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Fiber optic probe for light scattering measurements

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5040889A (en) * 1986-05-30 1991-08-20 Pacific Scientific Company Spectrometer with combined visible and ultraviolet sample illumination
US4992379A (en) * 1987-02-05 1991-02-12 Hanby John D Field test for aromatics in groundwater
US5303026A (en) * 1991-02-26 1994-04-12 The Regents Of The University Of California Los Alamos National Laboratory Apparatus and method for spectroscopic analysis of scattering media
US5404218A (en) * 1993-11-18 1995-04-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Fiber optic probe for light scattering measurements

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
P.T. KOSTECKI et al., "Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils and Groundwater", published 1991, by LEWIS PUBLISHERS (CHELSEA, MICHIGAN), pages 133-147. *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130183767A1 (en) * 2012-01-18 2013-07-18 John David Hanby Diffusion/Chemical Reaction/Spectrometric Device for the Analysis of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Environmental and Geological Formation Samples
US9448220B2 (en) 2012-01-18 2016-09-20 Charles D. FATOR Spectrometric device for the analysis of environmental and geological samples
US9802183B2 (en) * 2012-01-18 2017-10-31 Charles D. FATOR Diffusion/chemical reaction/spectrometric device for the analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons in environmental and geological formation samples
CN103941030B (zh) * 2014-03-26 2015-04-22 河北先河环保科技股份有限公司 一种顺序注射圆柱形试剂贮存装置
CN107850549A (zh) * 2015-07-24 2018-03-27 切弗朗菲利浦化学公司 使用浊度计监测反应器馈料流中的聚合催化剂系统的固体组分的方法
US10768106B2 (en) 2015-07-24 2020-09-08 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Use of turbidimeter for measurement of solid catalyst system component in a reactor feed
CN107850549B (zh) * 2015-07-24 2021-01-01 切弗朗菲利浦化学公司 监测聚合物生产系统中的反应器馈料流的固体组分的方法
US11125688B2 (en) 2015-07-24 2021-09-21 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Use of turbidimeter for measurement of solid catalyst system component in a reactor feed

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6850196A (en) 1997-03-12

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