WO1996035092A1 - Apparatus for calcining petroleum coke - Google Patents
Apparatus for calcining petroleum coke Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996035092A1 WO1996035092A1 PCT/US1996/002917 US9602917W WO9635092A1 WO 1996035092 A1 WO1996035092 A1 WO 1996035092A1 US 9602917 W US9602917 W US 9602917W WO 9635092 A1 WO9635092 A1 WO 9635092A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- dam
- diameter section
- calcining
- shell
- transition zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
- F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
- F27B7/167—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising partitions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
- C10B1/10—Rotary retorts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
- F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
- F27B7/167—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising partitions
- F27B2007/168—Annular partition
Definitions
- This invention relates to calcining kilns of
- Petroleum coke calciners have numerous design criteria. First, they must be capable of properly calcining a design volume of feed. A further design criterium is that fines entrainment in the calciner flue
- Flue gas treatment equipment typically includes some combination of units such as settling chambers, incinerators, boilers, cyclones, electrostatic
- Petroleum coke calcining is a well-developed art in which green coke is heated in a kiln to drive off
- calcined coke there are many properties of calcined coke that are of concern to the user. Some of these properties are vibrated bulk density, grain strength, particle size distribution, friability, porosity, etc. The values for some of these properties can be enhanced by controlling the calcining operation to provide that the coke is heated slowly through a selected temperature range such as from 800 to 1400°F.
- a rotary calcining kiln is provided with a large diameter section extending from a transition zone back toward the feed end and a smaller diameter section extending from the transition zone to the discharge end, and includes at least one ring-shaped dam on the interior of the large diameter section.
- the Figure is a schematic representation of a rotary calciner showing the features of the invention.
- Flow of coke through the calciner can be slowed by having an increased shell diameter from a transition zone back toward the feed end.
- the coke may not back up the full length of the larger diameter section, with the result that a "void" zone could be created. Heat-up rate in the void zone would be undesirably high.
- Installation of at least one dam in the larger diameter section eliminates or reduces the void zone and maximizes the benefits of the larger diameter section.
- By sizing the dam or dams to have an opening at least as large as the smaller diameter section of the kiln entrainment problems that result from use of dams in a constant diameter shell are eliminated or at least minimized.
- a calciner is shown generally at 1.
- Calciner 1 has a large diameter section 3 extending from the feed end to a transition zone 5, and a smaller diameter section 7 extending from transition zone 5 to discharge end 11.
- a feed spout 9 in the feed end and a burner 13 in the discharge end are shown.
- Conventional ancillary flue gas equipment is not shown, nor is a supplemental air supply means shown, although these items would normally be included in the overall unit.
- a dam 15 located in the larger diameter section eliminates or minimizes the void zone in the larger diameter section.
- more than one dam may be provided in the larger diameter section.
- An alternative to the illustrated embodiment would utilize a first dam and a second dam downstream of the first dam, the second dam being smaller (larger opening) than the first dam.
- the number, size and position of the dam or dams in the large diameter section can be selected to provide a desired heat-up rate for a particular set of operating variables, it being essential in accordance with the invention that at least one dam be located in the large diameter section.
- An example of a preferred calciner in accordance with this invention has an overall length of 230 feet, a transition zone about 100 feet from the feed end, a large diameter section extending from the transition zone back about 90 feet toward the feed end, and a small diameter section extending from the transition zone to the discharge end.
- the internal diameter of the large diameter section is 15 feet, and the internal diameter of the small diameter section is 10.5 feet.
- a dam is located about 40 feet from the feed end, and extends 2.25 feet into the larger diameter section.
- Such a calciner can provide a high quality product at a reasonably high feed rate while still maintaining an acceptable level of fines entrainment.
- Feed rate, burner operation, air supply rate, and calciner RPM can be adjusted to provide the desired low heat-up rate of coke through a selected temperature range such as 800-1400°F. A reduced heat-up rate is desired, and the lowest heat-up rate through the selected range consistent with desired throughput, is preferred.
- the opening through the dam is as large as the inner diameter of the smaller diameter section of the kiln, so it does not produce major entrainment problems such as would result from a dam in a uniform diameter kiln.
- Calcined coke quality is measured by many factors, and use of a calciner in accordance with this invention provides the means to control these factors to a degree greater than can be done with conventional calciners.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
Abstract
A rotary calciner (1) including an elongated shell having a first diameter extending from the discharge end (11) back to a transition zone (5) and a second larger diameter extending from the transition zone (5) back toward the feed end, and including a dam (15) positioned in the larger diameter section (3).
Description
APPARATUS FOR CALCINING PETROLEUM COKE
Background of the Invention
1. Field of the Invention
5 This invention relates to calcining kilns of
•/ the type comprising an elongated rotating shell mounted at a slight angle to the horizontal with the feed end elevated relative to the discharge end, and more particularly to rotary calciners for calcining green
10 petroleum coke.
Petroleum coke calciners have numerous design criteria. First, they must be capable of properly calcining a design volume of feed. A further design criterium is that fines entrainment in the calciner flue
15 gas must be controlled so that flue gas treatment equipment is not overloaded and yield loss is not excessive. Flue gas treatment equipment typically includes some combination of units such as settling chambers, incinerators, boilers, cyclones, electrostatic
20 precipitators, scrubbers, baghouses, and exhaust gas stacks.
2. Background Art
Petroleum coke calcining is a well-developed art in which green coke is heated in a kiln to drive off
25 moisture and volatile organic matter. Various calcining conditions, well understood by those skilled in the art, are utilized to provide a calcined coke product having particular properties depending on the intended end use of calcined product. A thorough discussion of coke
30 calcining appears in U.S. Patent No. 4,022,569 to Farago et al. A discussion of coke calcining is also found in U.S. Patent No. 4,053,365 to Welter. U.S. Patent No. 5,007,987 suggests heating coke at a slow heat-up rate between the range of 875 and 1200°F. prior to heating the
35 coke to a higher calcining temperature.
Depending on the end use to which the calcined coke is to be put, there are many properties of calcined
coke that are of concern to the user. Some of these properties are vibrated bulk density, grain strength, particle size distribution, friability, porosity, etc. The values for some of these properties can be enhanced by controlling the calcining operation to provide that the coke is heated slowly through a selected temperature range such as from 800 to 1400°F.
Summary of the Invention
In accordance with the present invention, a rotary calcining kiln is provided with a large diameter section extending from a transition zone back toward the feed end and a smaller diameter section extending from the transition zone to the discharge end, and includes at least one ring-shaped dam on the interior of the large diameter section.
The Drawings
The Figure is a schematic representation of a rotary calciner showing the features of the invention.
Description of the Preferred Embodiments Flow of coke through the calciner can be slowed by having an increased shell diameter from a transition zone back toward the feed end. However, the coke may not back up the full length of the larger diameter section, with the result that a "void" zone could be created. Heat-up rate in the void zone would be undesirably high.
Installation of at least one dam in the larger diameter section eliminates or reduces the void zone and maximizes the benefits of the larger diameter section. By sizing the dam or dams to have an opening at least as large as the smaller diameter section of the kiln, entrainment problems that result from use of dams in a constant diameter shell are eliminated or at least minimized.
In the present invention, as illustrated in the Figure, a calciner is shown generally at 1. Calciner 1
has a large diameter section 3 extending from the feed end to a transition zone 5, and a smaller diameter section 7 extending from transition zone 5 to discharge end 11. A feed spout 9 in the feed end and a burner 13 in the discharge end are shown. Conventional ancillary flue gas equipment is not shown, nor is a supplemental air supply means shown, although these items would normally be included in the overall unit.
A dam 15 located in the larger diameter section eliminates or minimizes the void zone in the larger diameter section. In some cases, more than one dam may be provided in the larger diameter section. An alternative to the illustrated embodiment would utilize a first dam and a second dam downstream of the first dam, the second dam being smaller (larger opening) than the first dam. The number, size and position of the dam or dams in the large diameter section can be selected to provide a desired heat-up rate for a particular set of operating variables, it being essential in accordance with the invention that at least one dam be located in the large diameter section.
Most Preferred Embodiment
The following description is intended to define a calciner according to the invention that could be utilized to calcine coke to produce a calcined product having improved properties compared to those that would be obtained in a conventional calciner operating at a comparable feed rate. An example of a preferred calciner in accordance with this invention has an overall length of 230 feet, a transition zone about 100 feet from the feed end, a large diameter section extending from the transition zone back about 90 feet toward the feed end, and a small diameter section extending from the transition zone to the discharge end. The internal diameter of the large diameter section is 15 feet, and the internal diameter of the small diameter section is
10.5 feet. A dam is located about 40 feet from the feed end, and extends 2.25 feet into the larger diameter section. Such a calciner can provide a high quality product at a reasonably high feed rate while still maintaining an acceptable level of fines entrainment. Feed rate, burner operation, air supply rate, and calciner RPM can be adjusted to provide the desired low heat-up rate of coke through a selected temperature range such as 800-1400°F. A reduced heat-up rate is desired, and the lowest heat-up rate through the selected range consistent with desired throughput, is preferred.
In the preferred calciner as described above, the opening through the dam is as large as the inner diameter of the smaller diameter section of the kiln, so it does not produce major entrainment problems such as would result from a dam in a uniform diameter kiln.
Calcined coke quality is measured by many factors, and use of a calciner in accordance with this invention provides the means to control these factors to a degree greater than can be done with conventional calciners.
Claims
Claim 1. In a petroleum coke rotary calcining kiln comprising an elongated rotating shell mounted at a slight angle to the horizontal with a feed end at the higher end thereof and burner means near the lower discharge end thereof, the improvement wherein:
(a) said shell has a first diameter extending from said discharge end back to a transition zone, and a second larger diameter extending back from said transition zone toward said feed end; and
(b) at least one dam means is located in the larger diameter section of said shell.
Claim 2. A calcining kiln in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said dam means is a single dam.
Claim 3. A calcining kiln in accordance with
Claim 2 wherein the opening through said dam is at least as great as the inner diameter of said first diameter of said shell.
Claim 4. A calcining kiln in accordance with Claim 3 wherein a second dam means having an opening greater than the opening through said first dam is located in the larger diameter section of said shell.
Claim 5. In a petroleum coke calcining process wherein green petroleum coke is heated to calcining temperature in a rotary calciner having a first diameter section extending from a transition zone toward the discharge end and a second larger diameter section extending from said transition zone back toward the feed end, and wherein at least one dam means is located in said second section, the improvement wherein said kiln is operated to provide a reduced coke heat-up rate through the range of 800-1400°F.
Claim 6. A process as described in Claim 5 wherein the calcining kiln opening through said dam is at least as great as the inner diameter of said first diameter section. Clai 7. A process as described in Claim 6 wherein a second dam having an opening greater than the opening through said first dam is located in the larger diameter portion of said shell.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US43412995A | 1995-05-01 | 1995-05-01 | |
| US08/434,129 | 1995-05-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1996035092A1 true WO1996035092A1 (en) | 1996-11-07 |
Family
ID=23722928
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1996/002917 Ceased WO1996035092A1 (en) | 1995-05-01 | 1996-02-26 | Apparatus for calcining petroleum coke |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO1996035092A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7347052B2 (en) | 2004-01-12 | 2008-03-25 | Conocophillips Company | Methods and systems for processing uncalcined coke |
| EP2708520A1 (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-03-19 | Cemex Research Group AG | Method for manufacturing additive and calcium carbonate from concrete aggregate and device for performing the method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1914462A (en) * | 1930-08-25 | 1933-06-20 | Smidth & Co As F L | Rotary kiln |
| US4022569A (en) * | 1975-12-05 | 1977-05-10 | Alcan Research And Development Limited | Calcination of coke |
| US4859177A (en) * | 1988-02-16 | 1989-08-22 | Fuller Company | Apparatus for incinerating combustible material |
| US4880379A (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1989-11-14 | Cle | Method for transforming a rotary kiln intended in particular for the manufacture of cement, kiln obtained by this method and burning line equipped with this kiln |
-
1996
- 1996-02-26 WO PCT/US1996/002917 patent/WO1996035092A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1914462A (en) * | 1930-08-25 | 1933-06-20 | Smidth & Co As F L | Rotary kiln |
| US4022569A (en) * | 1975-12-05 | 1977-05-10 | Alcan Research And Development Limited | Calcination of coke |
| US4880379A (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1989-11-14 | Cle | Method for transforming a rotary kiln intended in particular for the manufacture of cement, kiln obtained by this method and burning line equipped with this kiln |
| US4859177A (en) * | 1988-02-16 | 1989-08-22 | Fuller Company | Apparatus for incinerating combustible material |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7347052B2 (en) | 2004-01-12 | 2008-03-25 | Conocophillips Company | Methods and systems for processing uncalcined coke |
| EP2708520A1 (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-03-19 | Cemex Research Group AG | Method for manufacturing additive and calcium carbonate from concrete aggregate and device for performing the method |
| WO2014040852A1 (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-03-20 | Cemex Research Group Ag | Method for producing aggregate and calcium carbonate from concrete composite materials, and a device for carrying out said method |
| US9664446B2 (en) | 2012-09-14 | 2017-05-30 | Cemex Research Group Ag | Method for producing aggregate and calcium carbonate from concrete composite materials, and a device for carrying out said method |
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