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WO1996019001A1 - Soft magnetic material - Google Patents

Soft magnetic material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996019001A1
WO1996019001A1 PCT/DE1995/001643 DE9501643W WO9619001A1 WO 1996019001 A1 WO1996019001 A1 WO 1996019001A1 DE 9501643 W DE9501643 W DE 9501643W WO 9619001 A1 WO9619001 A1 WO 9619001A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
percent
mass
cobalt
soft magnetic
iron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE1995/001643
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Nestor Rodriguez-Amaya
Walter Fuchs
Gerhard Schneider
Hubert Greif
Klaus Czerwinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to JP8518025A priority Critical patent/JPH11503873A/en
Priority to EP95936962A priority patent/EP0804796A1/en
Publication of WO1996019001A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996019001A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a soft magnetic material according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Such materials are known in the composition of iron (Fe) cobalt (Co) - filler material (X) with a Co content> 25 percent by mass.
  • Fe iron
  • Co cobalt
  • X filler material
  • Bs high saturation induction
  • Various elements were used as alloy additive X, but the high cobalt contents mentioned were always added in order to achieve the desired high saturation induction, which entail poor formability and poor machinability.
  • the desired small amount can only be achieved with an alloy content of additives of less than 2 to 3 percent by mass
  • iron-chromium alloys do have the to prevent Eddy currents in iron have the desired high specific resistance values, but they are below about 1.7 Tesla (T) in saturation induction. Iron-silicon alloys also have relatively low saturation induction and are also very difficult to machine mechanically.
  • the figure shows the saturation induction and the specific electrical resistance of different material groups in comparison.
  • the soft magnetic material according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that a high saturation induction is achieved with a high specific electrical resistance and good mechanical workability.
  • materials have proven to be particularly advantageous which, in addition to iron, contain 5 to 20 percent by mass of cobalt, as well as 1 to 7 percent by weight of aluminum and preferably additionally 0 to 8 percent by weight of manganese.
  • another advantageous material contains 5 to 20 percent by weight cobalt and 1 to 7 percent by weight aluminum and preferably additionally 0 to 4 percent by weight vanadium.
  • the own shares are not explicitly mentioned for the different alloys, they each form the completion to 100 percent by mass.
  • the drawing shows a diagram of the areas of saturation induction Bs (T) and the specific electrical resistance Rspec ( ⁇ ) of different materials in comparison. It can be seen here that magnetic materials with a high cobalt content of 25 to 50 mass percent have a high saturation induction, but a very low specific electrical resistance. On the other hand, alloys with a chromium content of 13 percent by mass have a high specific electrical resistance, which is desirable because of the suppression of eddy currents in the magnet, but with too little induction of saturation. The known alloys of iron and silicon are also not in the desired diagram range with high saturation induction and at the same time high specific electrical resistance, as is characterized by the field Fe- (5-20) Co-X.
  • the magnetic material according to the invention Compared to the known Fe-Co-X materials with Co contents between 25 and 50 mass percent and additional elements of ⁇ 2.5 mass percent vanadium or chromium, the magnetic material according to the invention has the desired high specific electrical resistance> 0.5 ⁇ m with high saturation induction at the same time> 1.9 T. Due to the low Co content of less than 20 percent by mass, the processability of the material is significantly better than that of conventional materials and at the same time the raw material price is significantly lower.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a soft magnetic material which, in addition to iron and cobalt, contains at least one further alloy additive in order to obtain high saturation induction with at the same time high resistivity and good machinability. This is attained by an addition of cobalt which is reduced with respect to known alloys to between 5 and 20 mass %, with the simultaneous addition of an aluminium alloy component and preferably other, manganese or vanadium alloy components.

Description

Weichmagnetischer WerkstoffSoft magnetic material

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft einen weichmagnetischen Werkstoff nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruches. Derartige Werkstoffe sind bekannt in der Zusammensetzung Eisen(Fe) -Kobalt (Co) - Zusatzwerkstoff (X) mit einem Co-Gehalt > 25 Masseprozent. Diese relativ teuren Werkstoffe sind in vielen Erzeugnissen im Einsatz, bei denen eine hohe Sättigungsinduktion (Bs) gefordert ist. Als Legierungszusatz X wurden verschiedene Elemente verwendet, wobei jedoch stets zur Erzielung der gewünschten hohen Sättigungsinduktion die genannten hohen Kobalt-Gehalte zugesetzt waren, welche eine schlechte Umformbarkeit und eine schlechte spanabhebende Bearbeitbarkeit mit sich bringen. Nur mit einem Legierungsanteil an Zusätzen insgesamt von weniger als 2 bis 3 Masseprozent kann dabei die gewünschte geringeThe invention relates to a soft magnetic material according to the preamble of the main claim. Such materials are known in the composition of iron (Fe) cobalt (Co) - filler material (X) with a Co content> 25 percent by mass. These relatively expensive materials are used in many products that require a high saturation induction (Bs). Various elements were used as alloy additive X, but the high cobalt contents mentioned were always added in order to achieve the desired high saturation induction, which entail poor formability and poor machinability. The desired small amount can only be achieved with an alloy content of additives of less than 2 to 3 percent by mass

Koerzitivfeldstarke und akzeptable Verarbeitbarkeit erreicht werden. Diese Magnetwerkstoffe haben jedoch einen unerwünscht niedrigen spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand >Rspez.) u-n-t6 " etwa 0,45 μΩm.Coercive and acceptable processability can be achieved. However, these magnetic materials have an undesirably low specific electrical resistance ( R spec.) And 6 "about 0.45 μΩm.

Alternativ sind weichmagnetische Werkstoffe aus Eisen- Chrom- und Eisen-Silizium-Legierungen bekannt. Eisen-Chrom- Legierungen besitzen zwar die zur Verhinderung von Wirbelströmen im Eisen erwünschten hohen spezifischen Widerstandswerte, sie liegen aber in der Sättigungsinduktion unter etwa 1,7 Tesla (T) . Eisen-Silizium-Legierungen besitzen ebenfalls relativ niedrige Sättigungsinduktionen und sind zusätzlich sehr schlecht mechanisch bearbeitbar.Alternatively, soft magnetic materials made of iron-chromium and iron-silicon alloys are known. Iron-chromium alloys do have the to prevent Eddy currents in iron have the desired high specific resistance values, but they are below about 1.7 Tesla (T) in saturation induction. Iron-silicon alloys also have relatively low saturation induction and are also very difficult to machine mechanically.

Die Figur zeigt die Sättigungsinduktion und den spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand verschiedener Werkstoffgruppen im Vergleich.The figure shows the saturation induction and the specific electrical resistance of different material groups in comparison.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der erfindungsgemäße weichmagnetische Werkstoff mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat den Vorteil, daß eine hohe Sättigungsinduktion bei gleichzeitig hohem spezifischem elektrischem Widerstand und gleichzeitig guter mechanischer Ver- bzw. Bearbeitbarkeit erreicht wird. Hierbei haben sich insbesondere Werkstoffe als vorteilhaft erwiesen, welche neben Eisen 5 bis 20 Masseprozent Kobalt, sowie 1 bis 7 Masseprozent Aluminium und vorzugsweise zusätzlich 0 bis 8 Masseprozent Mangan enthalten. Ein weiterer vorteilhafter Werkstoff enthält neben Eisen 5 bis 20 Masseprozent Kobalt sowie 1 bis 7 Masseprozent Aluminium und vorzugsweise zusätzlich 0 bis 4 Masseprozent Vanadium. Diese Werkstoffe erfüllen das gewünschte Eigenschaftsprofil mit einer Sättigungsinduktion > 1,9 T, einem spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand > 0,5 μΩm, guter Umformbarkeit und spanender Bearbeitbarkeit sowie relativ niedrigen Rohstoffpreisen. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich Zusammensetzung aus Eisen mit 14 Masseprozent Kobalt und 3,5 Masseprozent Aluminium (spezifischer Widerstand 0,65 μΩ , Sättigungsinduktion 2,0 T) sowie eine Zusammensetzung aus Eisen mit 12 Masseprozent Kobalt, 2,2 Masseprozent Aluminium sowie 2,5 Masseprozent Mangan (spezifischer Widerstand 0,66 μΩm, Sättigungsinduktion 2,06 T) erwiesen. Die Eigenanteile sind bei den verschiedenen Legierungen nicht ausdrücklich genann , sie bilden jeweils die Vervollständigung zu 100 Masseprozent.The soft magnetic material according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that a high saturation induction is achieved with a high specific electrical resistance and good mechanical workability. In this case, materials have proven to be particularly advantageous which, in addition to iron, contain 5 to 20 percent by mass of cobalt, as well as 1 to 7 percent by weight of aluminum and preferably additionally 0 to 8 percent by weight of manganese. In addition to iron, another advantageous material contains 5 to 20 percent by weight cobalt and 1 to 7 percent by weight aluminum and preferably additionally 0 to 4 percent by weight vanadium. These materials fulfill the desired property profile with a saturation induction> 1.9 T, a specific electrical resistance> 0.5 μΩm, good formability and machinability as well as relatively low raw material prices. A composition of iron with 14 mass percent cobalt and 3.5 mass percent aluminum (specific resistance 0.65 μΩ, saturation induction 2.0 T) as well as a composition of iron with 12 mass percent cobalt, 2.2 mass percent aluminum and 2, 5% by mass of manganese (specific resistance 0.66 μΩm, saturation induction 2.06 T). The own shares are not explicitly mentioned for the different alloys, they each form the completion to 100 percent by mass.

Die Zeichnung zeigt in einem Schema-Diagramm die Bereiche der Sättigungsinduktion Bs(T) und des spezifischen elektrischen Widerstands Rspez (μΩ) verschiedener Werkstoffe im Vergleich. Man sieht hierbei, daß Magnetwerkstoffe mit einem hohen Kobaltgehalt von 25 bis 50 Masseprozent zwar eine hohe Sättigungsinduktion aufweisen, jedoch einen sehr niedrigen spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand. Andererseits besitzen Legierungen mit einem Gehalt von 13 Masseprozent Chrom einen wegen der Unterdrückung von Wirbelstrόmen im Magneten erwünscht hohen spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand, jedoch bei zu geringer Sättigungsinduktion. Auch die bekannten Legierungen aus Eisen und Silizium liegen nicht in dem gewünschten Diagrammbereich mit hoher Sättigungsinduktion und gleichzeitig hohem spezifischem elektrischem Widerstand, wie er durch das Feld Fe- (5 - 20)Co-X gekennzeichnet ist.The drawing shows a diagram of the areas of saturation induction Bs (T) and the specific electrical resistance Rspec (μΩ) of different materials in comparison. It can be seen here that magnetic materials with a high cobalt content of 25 to 50 mass percent have a high saturation induction, but a very low specific electrical resistance. On the other hand, alloys with a chromium content of 13 percent by mass have a high specific electrical resistance, which is desirable because of the suppression of eddy currents in the magnet, but with too little induction of saturation. The known alloys of iron and silicon are also not in the desired diagram range with high saturation induction and at the same time high specific electrical resistance, as is characterized by the field Fe- (5-20) Co-X.

Gegenüber den bekannten Fe-Co-X-Werkstoffen mit Co-Gehalten zwischen 25 und 50 Masseprozent und Zusatzelementen von < 2,5 Masseprozent Vanadium oder Chrom besitzt das erfindungsgemäße Magnetmaterial den erwünschten hohen spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand > 0,5 μΩm bei gleichzeitig hoher Sättigungsinduktion > 1,9 T. Durch den niedrigen Co-Gehalt von weniger als 20 Masseprozent ist die Verarbeitbarkeit des Materials deutlich besser als die herkömmlicher Werkstoffe und gleichzeitig ist der Rohstoffpreis deutlich geringer. Compared to the known Fe-Co-X materials with Co contents between 25 and 50 mass percent and additional elements of <2.5 mass percent vanadium or chromium, the magnetic material according to the invention has the desired high specific electrical resistance> 0.5 μΩm with high saturation induction at the same time> 1.9 T. Due to the low Co content of less than 20 percent by mass, the processability of the material is significantly better than that of conventional materials and at the same time the raw material price is significantly lower.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations 1. Weichmagnetischer Werkstoff, enthaltend Eisen (Fe) und Kobalt (Co) sowie wenigstens einen weiteren Legierungszusatz (X) , gekennzeichnet durch einen Legierungszusatz (X) von Aluminium (AI) .1. Soft magnetic material containing iron (Fe) and cobalt (Co) and at least one further alloy additive (X), characterized by an alloy additive (X) of aluminum (Al). 2. Werkstoff nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch einen Legierungszusatz von 1 bis 7 Masseprozent AI.2. Material according to claim 1, characterized by an alloy addition of 1 to 7 mass percent AI. 3. Werkstoff nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch einen weiteren Legierungszusatz von Mangan (Mn) .3. Material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a further alloy addition of manganese (Mn). 4. Werkstoff nach Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch einen Legierungszusatz von < 8 Masseprozent Mn.4. Material according to claim 3, characterized by an alloy addition of <8 percent by mass Mn. 5. Werkstoff nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch einen weiteren Legierungszusatz von Vanadium (V) .5. Material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a further alloy addition of vanadium (V). 6. Werkstoff nach Anspruch 5, gekennzeichnet durch einen Legierungszusatz von < 4 Masseprozent V.6. Material according to claim 5, characterized by an alloy addition of <4 percent by mass V. 7. Werkstoff nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch einen Gehalt an Co von 5 bis 20 Masseprozent, vorzugsweise von 10 bis 15 Masseprozent Co. 7. Material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a Co content of 5 to 20 percent by mass, preferably 10 to 15 percent by mass Co.
PCT/DE1995/001643 1994-12-14 1995-11-23 Soft magnetic material Ceased WO1996019001A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8518025A JPH11503873A (en) 1994-12-14 1995-11-23 Soft magnetic material
EP95936962A EP0804796A1 (en) 1994-12-14 1995-11-23 Soft magnetic material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4444482A DE4444482A1 (en) 1994-12-14 1994-12-14 Soft magnetic material
DEP4444482.6 1994-12-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996019001A1 true WO1996019001A1 (en) 1996-06-20

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ID=6535765

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1995/001643 Ceased WO1996019001A1 (en) 1994-12-14 1995-11-23 Soft magnetic material

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EP (1) EP0804796A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH11503873A (en)
KR (1) KR980700669A (en)
DE (1) DE4444482A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996019001A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001086665A1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-15 Imphy Ugine Precision Iron-cobalt alloy, in particular for electromagnetic actuator mobile core and method for making same
WO2002031844A3 (en) * 2000-10-10 2002-11-21 Crs Holdings Inc Co-mn-fe soft magnetic alloys
US8887376B2 (en) 2005-07-20 2014-11-18 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for production of a soft-magnetic core having CoFe or CoFeV laminations and generator or motor comprising such a core
US9057115B2 (en) 2007-07-27 2015-06-16 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and process for manufacturing it
US11114226B2 (en) 2015-05-04 2021-09-07 Carpenter Technology Corporation Ultra-low cobalt iron-cobalt magnetic alloys

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19928764B4 (en) * 1999-06-23 2005-03-17 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Low coercivity iron-cobalt alloy and process for producing iron-cobalt alloy semi-finished product
DE10134056B8 (en) 2001-07-13 2014-05-28 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for the production of nanocrystalline magnetic cores and apparatus for carrying out the process
FR2896080B1 (en) * 2006-01-12 2008-04-04 Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR WITH PERMANENT MAGNETS PROVIDED IN V ACCORDING TO AN ELECTROMAGNETICALLY OPTIMIZED ARRANGEMENT
US7909945B2 (en) 2006-10-30 2011-03-22 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and method for its production
US8012270B2 (en) 2007-07-27 2011-09-06 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Soft magnetic iron/cobalt/chromium-based alloy and process for manufacturing it

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JPS61253348A (en) * 1985-05-04 1986-11-11 Daido Steel Co Ltd Soft magnetic material
DE4030791A1 (en) * 1990-01-26 1991-08-01 Alps Electric Co Ltd Alloy with enhanced saturation flux density - contg. cobalt, germanium, aluminium and iron used for magnetic video items, has outstanding magnetic properties
JPH06346201A (en) * 1993-06-14 1994-12-20 Daido Steel Co Ltd High saturation magnetic flux density / high electrical resistance Magnetic alloy

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US4116728B1 (en) * 1976-09-02 1994-05-03 Gen Electric Treatment of amorphous magnetic alloys to produce a wide range of magnetic properties
JPH0380490A (en) * 1989-08-22 1991-04-05 Victor Co Of Japan Ltd Magnetic recording and reproducing device
JP3623970B2 (en) * 1992-06-17 2005-02-23 三井化学株式会社 Fe-based soft magnetic alloy and manufacturing method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61253348A (en) * 1985-05-04 1986-11-11 Daido Steel Co Ltd Soft magnetic material
DE4030791A1 (en) * 1990-01-26 1991-08-01 Alps Electric Co Ltd Alloy with enhanced saturation flux density - contg. cobalt, germanium, aluminium and iron used for magnetic video items, has outstanding magnetic properties
JPH06346201A (en) * 1993-06-14 1994-12-20 Daido Steel Co Ltd High saturation magnetic flux density / high electrical resistance Magnetic alloy

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001086665A1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-15 Imphy Ugine Precision Iron-cobalt alloy, in particular for electromagnetic actuator mobile core and method for making same
FR2808806A1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-16 Imphy Ugine Precision Iron-cobalt alloy used for electromagnetic actuator mobile core contains specified amounts of cobalt, silicon, aluminum, manganese and carbon
US7128790B2 (en) 2000-05-12 2006-10-31 Imphy Ugine Precision Iron-cobalt alloy, in particular for electromagnetic actuator mobile core and method for making same
KR100711188B1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2007-04-24 임피 위진느 프레씨지옹 Iron-Cobalt Alloys and Products Made therefrom and Methods for Making the Same
US7819990B2 (en) 2000-05-12 2010-10-26 Imphy Ugine Precision Iron-cobalt alloy, in particular for the moving core of electromagnetic actuators
WO2002031844A3 (en) * 2000-10-10 2002-11-21 Crs Holdings Inc Co-mn-fe soft magnetic alloys
US8887376B2 (en) 2005-07-20 2014-11-18 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for production of a soft-magnetic core having CoFe or CoFeV laminations and generator or motor comprising such a core
US9057115B2 (en) 2007-07-27 2015-06-16 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and process for manufacturing it
US11114226B2 (en) 2015-05-04 2021-09-07 Carpenter Technology Corporation Ultra-low cobalt iron-cobalt magnetic alloys

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH11503873A (en) 1999-03-30
KR980700669A (en) 1998-03-30
EP0804796A1 (en) 1997-11-05
DE4444482A1 (en) 1996-06-27

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