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WO1996018927A1 - Article photosensible a tramsmission de la lumiere - Google Patents

Article photosensible a tramsmission de la lumiere Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996018927A1
WO1996018927A1 PCT/AU1995/000845 AU9500845W WO9618927A1 WO 1996018927 A1 WO1996018927 A1 WO 1996018927A1 AU 9500845 W AU9500845 W AU 9500845W WO 9618927 A1 WO9618927 A1 WO 9618927A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photochromic
transmissible
light
article according
article
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU1995/000845
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Colin Maurice Perrott
Kenneth John Pidgeon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carl Zeiss Vision Australia Holdings Ltd
Original Assignee
Sola International Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sola International Pty Ltd filed Critical Sola International Pty Ltd
Priority to AU42931/96A priority Critical patent/AU685696B2/en
Publication of WO1996018927A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996018927A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
    • C03C4/04—Compositions for glass with special properties for photosensitive glass
    • C03C4/06—Compositions for glass with special properties for photosensitive glass for phototropic or photochromic glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
    • C03C17/23—Oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K9/00—Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy absorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy
    • C09K9/02—Organic tenebrescent materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
    • G02B5/23—Photochromic filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
    • G02C7/102—Photochromic filters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to light-transmissible articles including optical articles for example sunglass spectacle lenses and skylights.
  • the present invention relates in particular to photochromic light-transmissible articles.
  • photochromic articles change colour when exposed to light, primarily the ultraviolet. This feature is employed in a number of applications such as information storage, counterfeiting treatments, cosmetics and optical articles such as lenses and transparent glazings or windows.
  • the depth of coloration by a photochromic article such as a spectacle lens or a transparent glazing diminishes as the temperature of the material that hosts the photochromic media increases. This is more evident with organic photochromic dyes rendered in a polymeric host than with inorganic silver based compositions such as are commonly incorporated within glass ( Figures 1 and 2).
  • inorganic silver based compositions such as are commonly incorporated within glass
  • the temperature reached by the lens or glazing when exposed to strong summer sunlight may be such that there is virtually no darkening effect observable. It has been found that cooling these photochromic articles by means such as wetting with water at ambient temperature restores much of the coloration, as the absorption of near infrared radiation by the optical plastic results in its being heated as much as 15 to 20°C above the temperature of the surrounding air.
  • a range of methods are known throughout industry for controlling the temperature of objects which are exposed to infra-red radiation without directly cooling them, or conversely for preventing them from losing heat by radiating energy.
  • a familiar example of these is the double walled vacuum vessel, or dewar, used for storage of hot or cold liquids. The surfaces opposing the vacuum cavity in these vessels are coated with a reflecting mirror which prevents visible and infra-red radiation from passing through the walls.
  • Double glazing of windows is used in many parts of the world to conserve energy when a significant temperature differential exists between indoors and outdoors. This reduces the energy transfer to be achieved by either air conditioning in summer or heating in winter.
  • An alternative technology is to apply specialised multiple layer optical coatings to the surfaces of the glass panes that constitute the glazing so that the surfaces are able to reflect near infrared radiation selectively, thereby being a barrier to the transfer of radiant thermal energy whilst remaining transparent to visible light.
  • An analogous technology is the use of specially formulated paints for painting metallic structures and armoured vehicles so that the painted surfaces reflect infrared radiation strongly, but have pleasant visual colours such as tans and browns. The temperature inside these structures or vehicles is reduced significantly.
  • the technology finds application on defence vehicles and structures located in tropical and desert areas where high solar intensities are encountered, although its effectiveness is generally limited.
  • a further set of applications are so-called "hot mirrors" which are coatings produced by multiple layers of dielectrics such as Si0 2 , Ti0 2 , Zr0 2 and the like arranged in such order and thickness that radiation of visible and UV wavelengths transmit clearly while wavelengths in the near IR and longer are reflected.
  • filters SP-0860-S and SP-0950-S available from Spectrogon. These coatings may be deposited on the external surface of quartz halogen light bulbs so that heat is reflected inwards onto the filament in order to gain maximum visible radiation emission for a given level of heat energy supplied to the filament. They are also used on filters placed between intense lights and thermally sensitive objects being illuminated for purposes such as photography. Whilst multiple layer optical coatings are known for spectacle lens applications, these are specifically to reduce the level of reflection of visible light by the lens surface. High quality multiple layer coatings tend to reflect the infra ⁇ red and they also tend to reflect the UV wavelengths. There is no application of an optical coating for spectacle lenses where the IR and near IR wavelengths are selectively reflected, as this presents no major benefit to cosmetics or to the eyes of wearers.
  • Photochromic optical articles may contain the photoreactive material throughout their bulk, in a region subjacent their surfaces, or in a sandwich of layers that comprise the overall physical structure of the article. Being intended for the transmission of light, its focusing or its filtering, the outer surfaces of such articles are usually exposed to the full intensity of solar radiation. Hence, absorbed near infrared radiation causes the optical article to heat up, reaching temperatures substantially above the ambient air. This heating effect has a deleterious effect on the photochromic performance of the optical article, as outlined above and as demonstrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
  • a photochromic light-transmissible article including a glass or polymeric article including a photochromic dye or pigment; and a coating on the glass or polymeric article which selectively reflects the red, infrared (IR) and near infrared (NIR) wavelength of light.
  • IR infrared
  • NIR near infrared
  • a coating is applied to the exposed surfaces of the optical articles designed to make the surfaces highly reflective to infrared and near infrared radiation, but which preferably does not substantially interfere with transmission in the ultraviolet (UV) wavelength range.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • the polymeric article may be of any suitable type.
  • a polycarbonate for example a material of the diallyl glycol carbonate type may be used.
  • the polymeric article may be formed from cross-linkable polymeric casting compositions, for example as described in the applicant's United States Patent 4,912,155, United States Patent Application No. 07/781 ,392, Australian Patent Applications 50581/93, 50582/93, European Patent Specification 453159A2 or co-pending Provisional Patent Applications entitled "Incorporating Photochromic Molecules in Light-Transmissible Articles" and "Method of Preparing Photochromic Article", the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Such cross-linkable polymeric casting compositions may include a diacrylate or dimethacrylate monomer (such as polyoxyalkylene glycol diacrylate or dimethacrylate or a bisphenol fluorene diacrylate or dimethacrylate) and a polymerisable comonomer, e.g. methacrylates, acrylates, vinyls, vinyl ethers, allyls, aromatic olefins, ethers, polythiols and the like.
  • a diacrylate or dimethacrylate monomer such as polyoxyalkylene glycol diacrylate or dimethacrylate or a bisphenol fluorene diacrylate or dimethacrylate
  • a polymerisable comonomer e.g. methacrylates, acrylates, vinyls, vinyl ethers, allyls, aromatic olefins, ethers, polythiols and the like.
  • Such polymeric formulations are UV cured or cured by a combination
  • the pigment(s) or dye(s) including photochromic dye(s) may be selected from one or more of the group consisting of anthraquinones, phthalocyanines, spiro-oxazines, chromenes, pyrans including spiro-pyrans and fulgides.
  • Examples of preferred photochromic dyes may be selected from the group consisting of
  • the infrared reflective coating may be a multiple layer optical coating designed to reflect the near infrared part of the spectrum, or it may be a transparent or semi-transparent coating that contains pigments or other constituents which exhibit reflectivity in the near infrared.
  • Such constituents may include fragments of an optical coating with infrared reflectivity, such fragments having been obtained by first creating a coating on a substrate, next separating the coating from the substrate, grinding the coating to a fine particulate material and finally applying the particulate material in a polymeric binder to the lens surface.
  • the coating may include pigments selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, dielectric materials such as Si0 2 , Ti0 2 , Zr0 2 and the like.
  • the infrared reflective coating may be of the Spectrogon type, for example filters SP-0869-S and SP-9050-S. Such filters exhibit a transmission cut-off at approximately 860 and 950 nm ⁇ 25 nm respectively.
  • the surface treatment need not be fully transparent in the visible spectrum and may provide a background coloration or involve a metallic mirror which reflects part of the visible light shining on the optical article.
  • thermo chromic materials In addition to photochromic dyes or molecules, there are dyes or pigments that change colour according to their temperature. These so-called “thermo chromic” materials have not been applied in optical articles such as spectacle lenses or sunglass lenses because the anticipated speed at which the temperature of the host material changes when exposed to intense solar radiation is judged insufficient to give a useful visual effect. It has been realised that the converse of the technology described above provides a useful means by which to achieve the required sensitivity. If the appropriate molecules are provided within a host material or, ideally in a zone just below its exposed surface, a light sensitive spectacle lens, window or filter may be achieved by treating the exposed surface so that it selectively absorbs incident near infrared radiation.
  • thermochromic light-transmissible article including a glass or polymeric article including a thermochromic dye; and an infrared absorptive coating on the glass or polymeric article.
  • the surface temperature of the optical article is thus rendered sensitive to the intensity of infrared radiation. Since infrared and visible wavelengths occur in association with one another, the surface temperature of the article is thus responsive to the level of visible radiation. Providing a thermochromic molecular structure in the subjacent material creates the ability to change the optical density of the optical article with useful speed.
  • the surface treatment in this case could be an appropriate optical coating or a layer of material containing a component which absorbs near infrared radiation strongly.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the darkening characteristics of inorganic photochromies with time and temperature.
  • Figure 1a illustrates the Spectral characteristics of an inorganic based photochromic material in its exposed and bleached states, and is a plot of Transmittance (%T) versus Wavelength for a photochromic glass -
  • Reactolite Rapide These curves relate to glass 2 mm thick at 25°C (a) spectral transmittance, (b) darkening and fading.
  • Figure 1b illustrates transmittance versus time and temperature characteristics of an inorganic based photochromic material in its exposed state, and is a plot of Transmittance versus Time.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the darkening characteristics of organic photochromies with temperature.
  • Figure 2a illustrates the visible spectra of Transitions Comfort Lenses.
  • Figure 2b illustrates the photochromic performance of Transitions Comfort Lenses.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the colour changes of organic photochromies with temperature.
  • Figure 3a illustrates a plot of darkened state Integrated Visible Transmission (IVT), i.e. %T 10 minutes darkening in the prsence of a simulated AirMass 2 darkening source (10mD) vs Temperature for TS PLUS in the presence of various cut-off filters.
  • Figure 3b illustrates a plot of darkened states of TS PLUS at various temperatures and in the presence of various cut-off filters.
  • IVT Integrated Visible Transmission
  • Figure 4 is a plot of Transmittance (%T) versus Wavelength for IR reflective coating #3 described below.
  • Figure 5 is a plot of Transmittance (%T) versus Wavelength for IR reflective coating #4 described below.
  • Figures 6a and 6b are plots of Transmittance (%T) versus Wavelength for IR reflective coating 39422.
  • Figure 7 is a plot of Transmittance (%T) versus Time for an IR reflector #3 on Transitions Comfort Lenses.
  • Figure 8 is a plot of Transmittance (%T) versus Time for an IR reflector #4 on Transitions Comfort Lenses.
  • Figure 9 is a plot of Transmittance (%T) versus Time for the IR reflector #4 on a Spectralite Raving Grey lens (Grey (B1)).
  • Figure 10 is a plot of Transmittance (%T) versus Time for the IR reflector 39422 on a Transitions Comfort Lens.
  • Figure 11 is a plot of Transmittance (%T) versus Time for the IR reflector 39422 on a Spectralite Raving Grey lens.
  • Figure 12 is a plot of Transmittance (%T) versus Time for the IR reflector 39422 under a Transitions Comfort Lens.
  • Figure 13 is a plot of Transmittance (%T) versus Time for the IR reflector 39422 under a Spectralite Raving Grey lens.
  • a glass lens a commercial Transitions Optical Photochromic polymer lens (Transitions Comfort Lens) or a commercial Spectralite (Sola) polymer lens bearing a Pilkington "Raving Grey” photochromic coating (Raving Grey (B1)) was used.
  • At least one transparent substrate bearing an infrared (IR) reflective coating was placed adjacent to the upper or lower surface of the lens.
  • One half of the IR reflective coating had been removed from the transparent substrate. This meant that half the lens was experiencing the effect of the IR filter and the adjoining portion was experiencing the effect of the radiation only modified by the substrate on which the filter had originally been placed.
  • the experiment performed in each case was to expose the photochromic lens for 45 seconds to a 1000 Watt halogen lamp (Turbo-lux 3004) located about 30 cm from the front surface of the lens and operated without any cooling, such that the maximum amount of heat as well as activating light was impinging on the lens surface.
  • a 1000 Watt halogen lamp Teurbo-lux 3004 located about 30 cm from the front surface of the lens and operated without any cooling, such that the maximum amount of heat as well as activating light was impinging on the lens surface.
  • the sequence of operations was: 1 ) Expose the covered lens for 45 seconds
  • the Transitions lenses are covered with IR reflective coatings #3 and #4, which are coatings with low transmissions (%T's) in the region of 610 to 710 and
  • Figures 7 and 8 show clearly in both brackets, the %T of the region which was covered by the reflecting surface are lower than the similar areas which had not been covered by the IR reflector and so the IR reflector is performing as predicted.
  • Example 3 was repeated except that the IR reflector 39422 was placed under the Transitions and Spectralite Raving Grey lenses.
  • Time %T (Mirror 39422 %T (Non- %T (Mirror %T (Non- first under Mirror second) 39422 second) Mirror first)
  • Time %T (Mirror 39422 first %T (Non-Mirror %T (Mirror %T (Non- under Grey (B1)) second) 39422 second) Mirror first)

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Abstract

Article photosensible à transmission de la lumière comprenant: un article en verre ou en polymère contenant un matériau colorant ou pigmentaire; et un film sur l'article en verre ou en polymère, qui reflète de façon sélective les longueurs d'ondes rouges, infrarouges et infrarouges proches de la lumière.
PCT/AU1995/000845 1994-12-16 1995-12-15 Article photosensible a tramsmission de la lumiere Ceased WO1996018927A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU42931/96A AU685696B2 (en) 1994-12-16 1995-12-15 A photochromic light-transmissible article

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPN0073 1994-12-16
AUPN0073A AUPN007394A0 (en) 1994-12-16 1994-12-16 Heat responsive articles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996018927A1 true WO1996018927A1 (fr) 1996-06-20

Family

ID=3784581

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1995/000845 Ceased WO1996018927A1 (fr) 1994-12-16 1995-12-15 Article photosensible a tramsmission de la lumiere

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AUPN007394A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996018927A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000021748A1 (fr) * 1998-10-15 2000-04-20 Pleotint, L.L.C. Dispositifs thermochromiques
DE102008044972A1 (de) 2008-08-29 2010-03-04 Daimler Ag Fahrzeug mit gerichteter IR-Abstrahlung von einer Bauteiloberfläche
WO2011120981A1 (fr) * 2010-03-30 2011-10-06 Astrium Sas Dispositif de controle thermique d'un tube a collecteur rayonnant
CN101236156B (zh) * 2008-03-11 2011-11-09 上海伟星光学有限公司 光致变色透光材料变色前和变色后透过率的检测方法
EP3168675B1 (fr) 2006-06-12 2018-03-14 High Performance Optics, Inc. Système ophtalmique équilibré en couleur avec inhibition sélective de la lumière
US20180113327A1 (en) * 2006-03-20 2018-04-26 High Performance Optics, Inc. High Performance Selective Light Wavelength Filtering Providing Improved Contrast Sensitivity
US11701315B2 (en) 2006-03-20 2023-07-18 High Performance Optics, Inc. High energy visible light filter systems with yellowness index values

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03141137A (ja) * 1989-10-25 1991-06-17 Nissan Motor Co Ltd フォトクロミック合わせガラス
JPH0419650A (ja) * 1990-05-15 1992-01-23 Nissan Motor Co Ltd フォトクロミック積層体
JPH06227845A (ja) * 1993-02-02 1994-08-16 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd 調光ガラス

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03141137A (ja) * 1989-10-25 1991-06-17 Nissan Motor Co Ltd フォトクロミック合わせガラス
JPH0419650A (ja) * 1990-05-15 1992-01-23 Nissan Motor Co Ltd フォトクロミック積層体
JPH06227845A (ja) * 1993-02-02 1994-08-16 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd 調光ガラス

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 92-075879/10, Class P83; & JP,A,04 019 650 (NISSAN MOTOR KK), 23 January 1992. *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, C-1274, page 75; & JP,A,06 227 845 (KANEGAFUCHI CHEM IND CO LTD), 16 August 1994. *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, C-866, page 90; & JP,A,03 141 137 (NISSAN MOTOR CO LTD), 17 June 1991. *

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000021748A1 (fr) * 1998-10-15 2000-04-20 Pleotint, L.L.C. Dispositifs thermochromiques
US6446402B1 (en) 1998-10-15 2002-09-10 Pleotint, L.L.C. Thermochromic devices
US20180113327A1 (en) * 2006-03-20 2018-04-26 High Performance Optics, Inc. High Performance Selective Light Wavelength Filtering Providing Improved Contrast Sensitivity
US10551637B2 (en) 2006-03-20 2020-02-04 High Performance Optics, Inc. High performance selective light wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity
US11701315B2 (en) 2006-03-20 2023-07-18 High Performance Optics, Inc. High energy visible light filter systems with yellowness index values
US11774783B2 (en) 2006-03-20 2023-10-03 High Performance Optics, Inc. High performance selective light wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity
EP3168675B1 (fr) 2006-06-12 2018-03-14 High Performance Optics, Inc. Système ophtalmique équilibré en couleur avec inhibition sélective de la lumière
CN101236156B (zh) * 2008-03-11 2011-11-09 上海伟星光学有限公司 光致变色透光材料变色前和变色后透过率的检测方法
DE102008044972A1 (de) 2008-08-29 2010-03-04 Daimler Ag Fahrzeug mit gerichteter IR-Abstrahlung von einer Bauteiloberfläche
WO2011120981A1 (fr) * 2010-03-30 2011-10-06 Astrium Sas Dispositif de controle thermique d'un tube a collecteur rayonnant
FR2958449A1 (fr) * 2010-03-30 2011-10-07 Astrium Sas Dispositif de controle thermique d'un tube a collecteur rayonnant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AUPN007394A0 (en) 1995-01-19

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