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WO1994017373A1 - Procedure de determination du debit d'une matiere - Google Patents

Procedure de determination du debit d'une matiere Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994017373A1
WO1994017373A1 PCT/FI1994/000022 FI9400022W WO9417373A1 WO 1994017373 A1 WO1994017373 A1 WO 1994017373A1 FI 9400022 W FI9400022 W FI 9400022W WO 9417373 A1 WO9417373 A1 WO 9417373A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
microwave
determined
flowing material
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI1994/000022
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English (en)
Inventor
Esko Tahkola
Jun Chen
Matti Karras
Jouni Tornberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suomen Itsenaisyyden Juhlarahasto Sitra
Original Assignee
Suomen Itsenaisyyden Juhlarahasto Sitra
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Suomen Itsenaisyyden Juhlarahasto Sitra filed Critical Suomen Itsenaisyyden Juhlarahasto Sitra
Priority to AU58614/94A priority Critical patent/AU5861494A/en
Publication of WO1994017373A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994017373A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/704—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow using marked regions or existing inhomogeneities within the fluid stream, e.g. statistically occurring variations in a fluid parameter
    • G01F1/708—Measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
    • G01F1/712—Measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using auto-correlation or cross-correlation detection means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/18—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/704—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow using marked regions or existing inhomogeneities within the fluid stream, e.g. statistically occurring variations in a fluid parameter
    • G01F1/708—Measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
    • G01F1/7084—Measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using thermal detecting arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a procedure for determining the flow velocity of material with the aid of correlation technique, as defined in Claim 1.
  • Flow velocity determining methods are usually based on observation of phenomena which vary along with the flow; active methods cause the varying phenomenon themselves, and passive methods measure phenomena which vary naturally with the flow.
  • active methods cause the varying phenomenon themselves
  • passive methods measure phenomena which vary naturally with the flow.
  • mechanical, electromagnetic, acoustic, optical, chemical, thermodynamic and radioac ⁇ tive phenomena have been enlisted. It is a characteris ⁇ tic feature of those flow measuring methods which are being used that each method has its own limitations, and a universally valid, sufficiently accurate measu ⁇ ring method has not yet been developed. Therefore nume ⁇ rous applications for flow measurement are found even among the commonest industrial processes for which a working flow meter, or one that is accurate enough to be used towards purposes of control, is not yet availa ⁇ ble.
  • Flow meters based on correlation technique measure the time of passage between two measuring sen- sors of inhomogeneities travelling along with the flow, employing a cross-correlation function.
  • the cross-cor ⁇ relation function R ( ⁇ ) describes the similarity of two signals x(t) and y(t) during a given observation time interval T:
  • Rxy ( ⁇ ) lim _ I x(t)y(t+ ⁇ )dt (1)
  • the cross-correlation function has its maximum at that value of the delay ⁇ at which the signals are most similar, if T>> ⁇ .
  • the inhomogeneity in the flowing material which is utilized in correlation flow measurements may be a characteristic inherently varying with flow, or inhomogeneities may equally be actively injected or generated for the purpose of flow measurement.
  • the meters comprise two measuring paths constituted by a sensor or a pair of sensors, the distance between them being accurately known.
  • the cross-correlation function of the sensor signals has a maximum value at the delay corresponding to the most common passage time of in ⁇ homogeneities. When the sensor spacing is known and the passage time is measured, the flow velocity will be found as their quotient. In the cross-correlation function only the delay datum at which the maximum value is attained is important from the viewpoint of flow measurement.
  • the distribution width around said maximum is in the first place a function of the information contents of the modulation signals and does not directly reflect the velocity profile of the flow. For this reason the modu ⁇ lation sampled for computing the cross-correlation function should preferably be as broad-band as pos ⁇ sible, whereby the distribution around the maximum of the cross-correlation function will be at its sharpest and the delay of the maximum thus best measurable.
  • the signals to be correlated are ob ⁇ tained from microwave sensors.
  • Microwaves are radio waves with a frequency in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz.
  • Commonest among the flow meters of prior art operating in the microwave frequency range is the method based on the Doppler effect.
  • Doppler frequency The difference between the transmitted microwave frequency and the frequencies of the component reflected by the flow progressing with constant velocity (Doppler frequency) is proportional to the flow velocity.
  • a measuring method of this type is described, among others, by A. Hamid and S.S. Stuchly, Microwave Doppler-Effeet Flow Monitor, IEEE Trans. Industr, Electron. Control Instr., Vol. IEC-22, No. 2, May 1975, pp. 224-228.
  • Another method operating on microwave fre ⁇ quencies is based on resonance in that when the flowing substance is conducted through a microwave resonator, the resonant frequency will change in accordance with variation of the flowing matter's dielectric properties.
  • the resonator is made lon ⁇ ger, a standing wave of several periods can be produced in which the resonant frequency changes periodically as a function of location.
  • the standing wave configuration in the re ⁇ sonator will change, and at the sites of fixedly ins ⁇ talled resonance frequency measuring electrodes a va ⁇ riation frequency of resonance frequency proportional to flow velocity is obtained.
  • the procedure has been described by S. Kobyashi and S.
  • the reference concerns in the first place monitoring of movements of piece goods, but in view of its Figs 5, 6 and 7 it can be presumed to be applicable in flow velocity measurement as well.
  • one transmitter is being used, and two receivers.
  • the consequence are factors impairing the accuracy of flow velocity measurement and prolonging the integration time in the measurement.
  • the radiation is incident on the receivers under different angles. This impairs the correlation function (viewed under different an ⁇ gles, the signals become modulated less similarly than signals arriving by parallel paths).
  • the strength of correlation is reduced, the integration time of one measurement increases, and the inaccuracy incurred in determining the time of travel of the peak increases.
  • the procedure disclosed in the reference is not suitable to be used in measuring flows in pipelines because micro- wave radiation cannot pass through the walls of metal ⁇ lic pipes, and no particular connectors or paths through the pipe walls into and out from the flow have been provided for microwaves in the procedure.
  • flow velocity cannot be measured with the measuring arrangement in question because the microwave detours through air around the pipe and is not in contact with the flow.
  • the procedure disclosed in the reference is not applicable in measurements on pipes because in the case of non-metallic pipes a major part of the microwave"s signal power detours through air around the flowing material, and flow velocity cannot be determined on such basis.
  • the microwave may also detour around the flow through the wall material, in which case visibility of flow variations is minimal in this signal and determination of the length of travel is problematic.
  • both effects occur si ⁇ multaneously in the procedure of US 4,659,982.
  • the procedure disclosed in the reference is not suited at all to be applied on the principal objects of the present invention, i.e., flow velocity measurements on flows running in pipe- lines.
  • no modes of producing microwaves are considered in the reference other than a continuous sinusoidal signal.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks pointed out in the foregoing.
  • the inven- tion has for its specific aim the disclosing of an on ⁇ line flow meter with which one is enabled to determine material flow velocity with accuracy.
  • the flow velocity data is used towards real-time control of material- treating processes.
  • a procedure like this finds uses in numerous applications of different types in which pre ⁇ sently known flow measuring methods either fail alto ⁇ gether to operate or are too low in accuracy to be used to purposes of control.
  • the dielectric characteristics are, in turn, affected e.g. by the overall composition, state of aggregation, conductivity and temperature of the mate- rial and by the frequency at which the examination is made.
  • the quantity of water, which deviates signifi ⁇ cantly from most other materials as regards dielectric properties, (i.e., the moisture content of the materi ⁇ al) exerts a particularly powerful influence.
  • the mi- crowave is also attenuated through scattering from particles of the flowing material. It follows that as microwaves travel in the flowing material, attenuation and velocity (and along with velocity, the phase re ⁇ ceived as well) vary along with the flow, in other words, the microwaves are amplitude and phase-modulat ⁇ ed.
  • the microwaves can be disposed to travel in an open waveguide confined on its open sides against the flowing material (a waveguide open on all sides can equally be used) and the waveguide length and microwave frequency can be selected so that as the microwave proceeds in the waveguide there occurs one or several reflections from the boundary face between waveguide and flow.
  • the microwave power conducted from the open waveguide into the flow will then vary along with the flow, causing amplitude modulation in the microwave signal that has passed through the waveguide.
  • the va ⁇ riation of the microwave power conducted into the flow is due to variation of the impedance matching between waveguide and flow consistent with variations of the flowing material's dielectric characteristics.
  • Hot materials in particular radiate microwave radiation produced in chemical reactions, of which the intensity naturally varies along with the flow. In such cases no separate microwave source is needed, the flowing mate ⁇ rial itself generating the requisite microwave radiati ⁇ on.
  • the material may also be activated to give off radiation of microwave frequency, by directing on the flowing material a primary radiation of shorter wave- length, whereby as a result of fluorescence effect the material will also emit radiation in the microwave frequency range, and the intensity of this radiation will also vary along with the flow.
  • the flow may be conducted through two closely spaced, identical microwave resonators oscillating with their characteristic frequency.
  • the resonant frequency of the resonators varies along with the flow as the dielectric characteristics of the flo ⁇ wing substance varies. This frequency variation may be employed as signal to be correlated, for determining the travelling time of the flow between resonators with the aid of a cross-correlation function.
  • a pulsed microwave signal may further be sent into the flow using a transmitter antenna (in the gen- eral case obliquely to the flow) , where the microwave is reflected by an individual inhomogeneity, and the reflected part of the microwave returns to the trans ⁇ mitter antenna, now working as receiving antenna.
  • a transmitter antenna in the gen- eral case obliquely to the flow
  • the microwave is reflected by an individual inhomogeneity, and the reflected part of the microwave returns to the trans ⁇ mitter antenna, now working as receiving antenna.
  • the differ- ential travelling time can be determined with the aid of the cross-correlation function between pulses, pro ⁇ vided that the pulse repetition interval is small enough to make one and the same inhomogeneity visible in the antenna cone on two consecutive pulses.
  • the flow (and the inho ⁇ mogeneity along with it) has progressed a distance which can be determined from the calculated travel delay and the velocity of the microwave and from the cosine of the angle enclosed by the direction of the travel of the microwave and the flow direction.
  • the flow velocity is found as quotient of this distance just determined and the pulse repetition interval.
  • the intensity and frequency variations, described above are caused by local variations of mate ⁇ rial composition and temperature along with the flow.
  • the configuration of local variations retains its sim ⁇ ilarity while the flow proceeds through a shortish distance.
  • a microwave signal is conducted to pass through the flowing material along two parallel paths located in the same plane axially, running at right angles or obliquely to the direction of the flow and intersecting it, and spaced by a known distance (d) , the amplitude or phase modulation caused by the flow in the microwave signals is detected, the time of travel (t.) of the flow is determined with the aid of the cross-correlation function of said modulations, and the flow velocity (V) is calculated by formula (4).
  • a microwave signal is conducted through an open waveguide which is in contact with the flowing material on its open side(s).
  • the microwave power con ⁇ ducted from the waveguide into the flow will vary con ⁇ sistent with the variations of the flowing materials' dielectric characteristics, causing amplitude modula ⁇ tion of the microwave signal which has passed through the open waveguide.
  • the open waveguides are suitably placed close together, with a known spacing (d), in the same axial plane relative to the flow, the travelling time (t d ) of the flow between paths is determined with the aid of the cross-correlation function of the modu ⁇ lations detected, and the flow velocity (V) is calcula ⁇ ted by formula (4).
  • microwave sensors are used to receive the microwave intensity generated by the hot material flow itself or generated in the flowing material by shorter- wavelength primary radiation.
  • the radiation intensity varies along with the flow, whereby from the microwave sensor is obtained a microwave signal with varying amplitude.
  • the radiation receiving microwave sensors are suitably placed close together, with known spacing (d) in one axial plane relative to the flow, the tra ⁇ velling time (t.) between paths of the flow is deter ⁇ mined with the aid of the cross-correlation function of the modulations detected, and the flow velocity (V) is calculated by formula (4).
  • the flow or part thereof is conducted through two identical microwave resonators oscillating at their characteristic frequency and with known spacing (d), whereby the resonant frequency of the resonators varies along with the flow as the dielectric characteristics of the flowing material vary.
  • the travelling time (t.) between resonators of the flow is determined as delay indicated by the maximum of the cross-correla ⁇ tion function, and the flow velocity (V) is calculated by formula (4) as presented in the foregoing.
  • a pulsed microwave signal is emitted from a transmitter antenna into the flow under an angle ⁇ against the flow.
  • the microwave pulse is reflected by an inhomogeneity in the flow, and the reflected part of the microwave returns to the transmitter antenna, now operating as receiver antenna; the total travelling time of the reflected pulse from antenna to inhomo ⁇ geneity and back to the antenna is t...
  • another pulse is sent out after passage of a short time T from the preceding pulse, it will be reflected by the same inhomogeneity which has travelled a small distance along with the flow, and its travelling time back and forth is t 2 .
  • ⁇ t ⁇ - t .
  • the delay ⁇ can be determined with the aid of the cross-correlation function between the pulses, provided that the pulse repetition interval T is short enough to enable one and the same inhomogeneity to be seen in the antenna cone on two consecutive pulses.
  • the flow (and the inhomogeneity along with it) has proceeded a distance s, which is determined with the aid of the calculated travelling delay and the microwave velocity, and of the cosine of the angle enclosed by the travelling direction of the microwave with the direction of the flow, by formula (5),
  • the flow velocity (V) is determined as quo ⁇ tient of the length of travel that has been determined and the travelling time expended (i.e. the pulse repe ⁇ tition interval) T by formula (6).
  • V s/T (6)
  • a microwave signal of which the amplitude is to be modu ⁇ lated one may use a constant frequency microwave, a varying frequency (sweep) microwave, a pulsed microwave source, a microwave burst, a microwave pulse sequence or wide-band noise.
  • For primary signal to be correlated one may further use the phase modulation caused by the flow in a microwave signal either partly or completely tra ⁇ versing it or in a microwave signal reflected by the flowing material.
  • a constant fre ⁇ quency microwave a microwave burst, or a microwave pulse sequence.
  • microwave signal When conducting a microwave signal through an open waveguide in contact with the flowing material one may use for microwave signal to be so conducted and modulated of its amplitude, a constant frequency micro ⁇ wave, a varying frequency (sweep) microwave, a microwa ⁇ ve burst, a pulsed microwave source, a microwave pulse sequence or wide-band noise.
  • the amplitude variation of microwave radiation emitted by the flowing material itself or the amplitude variation of microwave radiation generated in the flo ⁇ wing material with the aid of short-wave primary ra ⁇ diation may be used.
  • the material flow to be measured may be caused to pass across the path of two parallel microwaves (either at right angles or obliquely), and the material flow to be measured may consist of solid matter, li ⁇ quid, gas or mixtures of these states.
  • the microwave transmitter and receiver and antennas may be placed on opposite sides of the flow. One and the same antenna may serve both as microwave transmitter and receiver antenna for a single microwave path, and for modulated signal one may use the received microwave signal, reflected once or several times (e.g.
  • the flow under measurement may proceed in a pipe line or in an open channel, and windows of elec ⁇ trically non-conductive material may be provided in the wall of the pipe or open channel for producing microwa ⁇ ve paths passing either completely or partly through the flow.
  • the microwave antennas may further be of such structural design that they are inserted in the pipe or channel in order to produce, for the microwaves, paths passing either completely or partly therethrough, or in contact with the flow.
  • Figs. 1-6 present certain advantageous embodiments of the procedure and apparatus of the invention, in the form of simplified principle block diagrams
  • Figs. 7 and 8 present embodiments in which in the wall of the flow pipe windows have been provided for micro- wave paths
  • Fig. 9 presents an embodiment in which the microwave antennas have been placed inside the pipe
  • Fig. 10 presents the principle circuit diagram of an apparatus according to the invention
  • Fig. 11 presents results of measurement obtained in measuring wood pulp flow velocity using the procedure and apparatus of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 In Fig. 1 is seen a pipe 11, a microwave sig ⁇ nal being conducted through the material flowing therethrough, direction of flow indicated by numeral
  • a microwave signal is formed in a transmitter device 1 and conducted to pass through the flowing material with the aid of transmitter antennas
  • the apparatus further comprises a receiver device 3, containing receiver antennas 14, amplifiers 15 and a device 16 for detecting the modulation which shall be utilized. With the aid of the modulation detecting devices 16 the amplitude or phase modulation caused by the flow in the microwave signals is determined.
  • the apparatus further comprises a computing unit 4, arran ⁇ ged to calculate the cross-correlation function between the detected modulations of the microwave and the delay at which this cross-correlation function attains its maximum, and to determine on the basis of the calcula- ted delay and the known spacing d of the microwave paths the flow velocity of the flowing material by formula (4) .
  • Fig. 2 The apparatus depicted in Fig. 2 is equivalent in construction and function to that of Fig. 1. Howe ⁇ ver, in Fig. 2 the microwave signal is conducted through open waveguides 13 which are in contact with the flowing material on their open sides.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 an apparatus is depicted in which with microwave sensors 14 is received microwave intensity radiated by the hot material flow itself (Fig. 3) or such which has been generated in the flow ⁇ ing material with the aid of shorter-wave primary rad ⁇ iation produced by means of a particular, shorter-wave primary radiator 20 (Fig. 4).
  • the intensity of radia ⁇ tion varies along with the flow, whereby a variable amplitude microwave signal is obtained from the micro ⁇ wave sensor.
  • the microwave sensors receiving radiation are suitably placed close together, spaced by a dis- tance d, both in the same axial plane relative to the flow 12.
  • the flow velocity V of the mass flow is de ⁇ termined similarly as in the foregoing.
  • Fig. 5 an embodiment is depicted in which the material flow or part thereof is conducted through two consecutive identical microwave resonators 13 spaced by the distance d and oscillating at their characteristic frequency.
  • the resonant frequency of the resonators 13 will then vary along with the flow as the dielectric characteristics of the flowing substance vary.
  • the travelling time of the flow between resonators is determined as delay indicated by the maximum of the cross-correlation function; the flow velocity is calculated by formula (4) as above.
  • Fig. 6 an embodiment is depicted in which a pulsed microwave signal is introduced in the flow by means of a transmitter antenna 13 at an angle ⁇ *_? rela- tive to the flow.
  • the microwave pulse is reflected by an inhomogeneity in the flow, and the reflected part of the microwave returns to the transmitter antenna, total passage time t_; the transmitter antenna now serves as receiver antenna.
  • T a short time
  • T another pulse is sent; this is reflected by the same inhomogeneity, which has progressed slight ⁇ ly along with the flow, total passage time t_.
  • the distance s travelled by the flow during the pulse repe- tition interval is calculated by formula (5) and the flow velocity, by formula (6).
  • Figs. 7-8 embodiments are depicted in which the flow under measurement takes its course in a pipe line or in an open channel 11 and for microwaves win- dows 21 and 22 of electrically non-conductive material have been provided in the wall of the pipe or channel; in Fig. 7 the transmitter antennas 13 and receiver antennas 14 have been placed on different sides of the pipe, in register with windows, while in Fig. 8 the transmitter antennas 13 and receiver antennas 14 con ⁇ sist of the same antennas, placed in register with windows.
  • Fig. 9 an embodiment is depicted in which the transmitter antennas 13 have been placed inside the pipe 11 and, likewise, the receiver antennas 14 have been placed inside the pipe.
  • Fig. 10 presents the principle circuit diagram of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus of the invention comprises a transmitter unit 1, composed of a microwave signal source 25, an isolator 26, a power splitter 27 and a transmitting antenna 13, and is disposed to conduct a microwave signal through the flowing material or to be reflected by the surface thereof.
  • the apparatus further comprises a microwave receiving device 3, comprising receiver antennas 14, amplifiers 15 and devices 16 for detecting the modulation to be utilized, and a compu- ting unit 4.
  • the computing unit is disposed to calcula ⁇ te the cross-correlation function of the modulations detected in the microwave and the delay at which the cross-correlation function attains its maximum, and to determine on the basis of the delay that has been cal ⁇ culated and the known spacing of the microwave paths the flow velocity of the flowing material (4).
  • the microwave signal source 1 is disposed to produce the requisite signal with microwave frequency.
  • the isolator 26 has been arranged to pass the microwave signal through in one direction only.
  • the power split ⁇ ter 27 divides the microwave signal into two parts: a first part which is conducted onto the first path 30 traversing the flow, and a second part which is conduc- ted to the second microwave path 31 traversing the flow.
  • the transmitter antennas 13 send the signals through the flowing material.
  • the receiver antennas 14 receive the microwave signals which have passed through the flowing material and have been modulated on the way.
  • the amplifiers 15 amplify the signals receiv ⁇ ed.
  • Detectors 16 detect the modulations of the received and amplified microwave signals, which are furthermore sampled for calculating the cross-correlation function.
  • the computing unit (4) calculates the cross-correlation function between the sampled and detected modulation signals, determines the delay at which the cross-corre ⁇ lation function attains its maximum, and calculates on the basis of the delay that was determined and of the known spacing d of the paths the flow velocity of the flowing material on the stretch between the microwave paths.
  • Fig. 11 presents results of wood pulp flow velocity measurements in an experimental flow system simulating industrial conditions, obtained with the procedure and apparatus according to the invention presented in Fig. 10, the reference measurement result being obtained from a magnetic flow meter installed in the same system.
  • the flow took place in a pipe line of size class NS 150, and the flowing wood pulp was chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP), viscosity 5.2%.
  • CTMP chemithermomechanical pulp
  • am- plitude modulation of a continuous microwave signal of frequency 3 GHz was used.
  • the spacing of the microwave paths was 153 mm.
  • Fig. 11 The results of measurements and the relation ⁇ ship function therefrom derived are graphically shown in Fig. 11.
  • the vertical axis represents the flow ve ⁇ locity measured by the procedure of the invention and the horizontal axis, the result obtained with the mag ⁇ netic flow velocity meter serving as reference instru ⁇ ment.
  • the invention is not exclusively confined to concern the foregoing embodiment examples: numerous modifications are feasible within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the claims.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une procédure de détermination de la vitesse d'écoulement d'une matière par la méthode d'intercorrélation dans laquelle le temps de déplacement (td) du flux sur un intervalle de mesure connu (d) entre les capteurs hyperfréquence est déterminé en tant que retard correspondant au maximum de la fonction d'intercorrélation des variations des signaux hyperfréquence variant avec le débit, et la vitesse d'écoulement (V) est calculée au moyen de la formule V = d/td. L'invention concerne également un appareil permettant d'appliquer cette procédure, constitué d'éléments conçus pour acheminer les signaux hyperfréquence à traversla matière s'écoulant, d'éléments permettant de déterminer la modulation d'amplitude ou de phase des signaux due à l'écoulement, d'éléments servant à déterminer le temps de déplacement (td) en tant que retard correspondant au maximum de la fonction d'intercorrélation des modulations détectées entre les chemins, et d'éléments servant à calculer la vitesse d'écoulement à l'aide de la formule (4).
PCT/FI1994/000022 1993-01-20 1994-01-20 Procedure de determination du debit d'une matiere Ceased WO1994017373A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU58614/94A AU5861494A (en) 1993-01-20 1994-01-20 Procedure for determining material flow rate

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI930229A FI930229A7 (fi) 1993-01-20 1993-01-20 Menetelmä materiaalin virtausnopeuden määrittämiseksi
FI930229 1993-01-20

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EP0767360A3 (fr) * 1995-10-06 1997-12-17 Lovejoy Controls Corporation Débimètre traceur thermique à microondes
WO1999001721A1 (fr) * 1997-07-04 1999-01-14 Valmet Automation Inc. Procede de mesure d'un ecoulement et debitmetre
US7624652B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2009-12-01 Multi Phase Meters As Method and apparatus for tomographic multiphase flow measurements
WO2010068117A1 (fr) 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Multi Phase Meters As Procédé et appareil de mesure de composition et de débits d'un gaz humide
WO2010068118A1 (fr) 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Multi Phase Meters As Procédé et appareil de mesure de flux de gaz humide, et mesure de propriétés gazeuses
CN102116652A (zh) * 2011-02-18 2011-07-06 福建恒劲科博测控技术有限公司 微波流量计
US8224588B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2012-07-17 Multi Phase Meters As Method and apparatus for measuring the conductivity of the water fraction of a wet gas
WO2014081315A2 (fr) 2012-11-21 2014-05-30 Multi Phase Meters As Procédé et appareil pour des mesures d'écoulement polyphasique en présence de dépôts sur la paroi de tuyau
JP2016033472A (ja) * 2014-07-31 2016-03-10 株式会社ワイヤーデバイス 管内を流れる粉体の流速測定方法
CN107024250A (zh) * 2017-04-26 2017-08-08 成都声立德克技术有限公司 气体流量测量的系统及方法
US10996091B2 (en) 2015-07-23 2021-05-04 Khalifa University of Science and Technology System and method for real-time flow measurement in pipelines using THz imaging
EP4345500A1 (fr) * 2022-09-28 2024-04-03 Acconeer AB Détermination d'une mesure d'écoulement pour un écoulement de particules granulaires

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CN114324973B (zh) * 2022-03-17 2022-06-07 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州) 台风风速反演方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质

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EP0767360A3 (fr) * 1995-10-06 1997-12-17 Lovejoy Controls Corporation Débimètre traceur thermique à microondes
WO1999001721A1 (fr) * 1997-07-04 1999-01-14 Valmet Automation Inc. Procede de mesure d'un ecoulement et debitmetre
US6009760A (en) * 1997-07-04 2000-01-04 Valmet Automation Inc. Method of measuring flow, and flow meter
US8224588B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2012-07-17 Multi Phase Meters As Method and apparatus for measuring the conductivity of the water fraction of a wet gas
US7624652B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2009-12-01 Multi Phase Meters As Method and apparatus for tomographic multiphase flow measurements
US8960016B2 (en) 2008-12-12 2015-02-24 Multi Phase Meters As Method and apparatus for measurement of composition and flow rates of a wet gas
WO2010068118A1 (fr) 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Multi Phase Meters As Procédé et appareil de mesure de flux de gaz humide, et mesure de propriétés gazeuses
WO2010068117A1 (fr) 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Multi Phase Meters As Procédé et appareil de mesure de composition et de débits d'un gaz humide
US9759592B2 (en) 2008-12-12 2017-09-12 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Method and apparatus for wet gas flow measurements and measurement of gas properties
CN102116652A (zh) * 2011-02-18 2011-07-06 福建恒劲科博测控技术有限公司 微波流量计
WO2014081315A2 (fr) 2012-11-21 2014-05-30 Multi Phase Meters As Procédé et appareil pour des mesures d'écoulement polyphasique en présence de dépôts sur la paroi de tuyau
JP2016033472A (ja) * 2014-07-31 2016-03-10 株式会社ワイヤーデバイス 管内を流れる粉体の流速測定方法
US10996091B2 (en) 2015-07-23 2021-05-04 Khalifa University of Science and Technology System and method for real-time flow measurement in pipelines using THz imaging
CN107024250A (zh) * 2017-04-26 2017-08-08 成都声立德克技术有限公司 气体流量测量的系统及方法
EP4345500A1 (fr) * 2022-09-28 2024-04-03 Acconeer AB Détermination d'une mesure d'écoulement pour un écoulement de particules granulaires

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FI930229A7 (fi) 1994-07-21
AU5861494A (en) 1994-08-15

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