WO1993016337A1 - Compact energy-saving window - Google Patents

Abstract

Proposed is a compact energy-saving window with a device for recuperating outgoing or incoming energy (heat/cold) using the principle of the heat pump or refrigerator, respectively, at least one of the cavities acting as energy-exchange surface for a condensor and/or at least one of the cavities acting as energy-exchange surface for an evaporator.

Description

Kompa t energy saving window

The conventional window consists of a fixed frame and window sash which is fixed or can be opened, made of wood, plastic, or metal, metal frame also in a thermally separated version. A single or multiple pane is installed in this frame, these individual panes can be made from a wide variety of glass types (e.g. laminated glass, safety glass, insulating glass, vacuum laminated glass, etc.). In general, an insulating glass element consisting of 2 panes with an air gap of approx. 6 to 30 mm is common today, but other pane elements, for example with 3 or more individual panes, are also used for special purposes. Recent developments indicate vacuum laminated glass. For reflection of light incident on the disc heat radiation, these disks can be treated by various processes, for example by vapor deposition of a very thin metal film, staining, applying a reflection film, etc. All these methods and treatments bring as a result a more or less _^ great reduction of heat transfer, however, a significant drop below the K value below (approx.) 1.0 is not possible or is very difficult. For comparison:

Normal windows, tightly closing, with normal float glass have a K-value of approx. 10. Normal windows, tightly closing, with a 2-pane insulating glass and 12 mm air space have a K-value of approx. 3.0. Normal, very tightly closing windows with metal vapor deposition on one pane and additional gas filling of the air gap achieve a K value of up to 1.5.

Modern residential and office buildings have a window area of approx. 20%. The walls are generally very well insulated, sometimes up to a K value of around 0.3 watts / m. A K-value of the windows / panes similar to the K-value of the outer walls is with previous techn. Difficult to reach opportunities. The big "heat hole" in the house is the window. Development of a window with significantly lower heat transfer, energy recovery and re-supply to the heated rooms.

The heat radiating through the window from the inside (warm) to the outside (cold) is lost. The aim of this development is to recover the heat that goes through the window and return it to the heated rooms. This makes a significant contribution to energy saving. Approximately 80% of a house's heating energy is lost through the windows.

Today's standard of living has been achieved through the utilization of cheap, fossil fuels. Since the energy was extremely cheap, little was thought about energy saving and only through compulsion (energy tax - more expensive energy - energy saving law), but the old habits were retained and the energy was wasted senselessly. In the course of the constant increase in the cost of energy, there was a rethink in energy consumption. Along with energy consumption, the environment was destroyed by huge daily mining, by pollutant emissions, by oil tanker disasters, by radioactive pollution etc. Due to the increasing heat input and the emission of pollutants into the earth's atmosphere, there is a change in climate and an increasing health risk . Taking these factors into account and building today's standard of living, one goal can only mean: energy saving, energy recovery, reduction of connected loads - substitution of fossil fuels. Design features:

The compact energy-saving window is very similar in construction to a conventional window, it consists of a fixed frame and a fixed or loose sash. The frame and the sash are very well sealed by suitable measures (seals). A frame element with a pane element is placed in front of this window (attachment element) and tightly connected to one another. The 1st and 2nd frames can also be made from one part.

Principle of the compact energy-saving window:

The heat radiating through the window reaches the air gap between the window and the front element. From here, the air heated in this way is passed through an evaporator by means of a fan, cooled and again circulated into the intermediate space. The temperature level is raised to a higher level by means of a heat pump and the heat is released to the room air via a condenser. To avoid contamination of the panes, the air gap between the window and the front element is hermetically sealed, and additional air filters can be installed. (This principle also works in reverse for a cold store). If no heat radiation is desired in the room in summer, the heat in the air space is intercepted according to the same principle and released to the outside air by switching an air flap.

Calculations and tests have shown that the compact energy-saving window can "trap" the heat passing through the window and can thus be supplied to the room heat again. With this energy-saving window, K-values up to close to K-value "0" can be achieved. Reference number for FIG. 1

1 = frame 2 = washer (insulating washer)

3 = front element (insulating washer) 4 = air line

5 = miniature refrigeration machine, miniature heat pump, with evaporator, condenser, compressor, fan and expansion valve 6 = heat flow

REPLACEMENT BL

Claims

EXPECTATIONS: 1.) Compact window element with device for recovering the energy coming out through the window (heat / cold) and for rejecting the energy coming in through the window (heat / cold) using one or more process steps, also in combination of two or more cooling - / heating process, characterized in that this window element consists of a compact unit with one or more hollow chambers or air spaces, at least one of which can be acted upon by air or air-like substance (gas) and the air content of which is fed continuously or periodically to a condenser can be or / or from which at least one air space can be acted upon by air or air-like substance (gas) and the air content of which can be supplied continuously or periodically to an evaporator. By means of one or more air pumps or fans, the heated or cooled air is fed to a heat pump or a chiller, the energy content from this air heated / cooled by radiation is recovered and, depending on the cooling or heating purpose, fed to the heated or cooled indoor air or released to the outside air (atmosphere). 2.) Compact window element according to claim 1, characterized in that this Fenster¬ element made of glass, glass-like material or plastic; with separate Luft¬ ways to act on a condenser and an evaporator. Air is transported using one or more fans. 3.) Compact window element according to claim 1, characterized in that this window element for energy recovery of the energy emitted through the window by means of radiation is equipped with a heat pump, the mechanism of which can be changed over in the opposite sense (refrigeration machine), that in the event of undesired incidence of Heat (through the window) (in a building) this heat can be intercepted and dissipated, or used for other purposes. 4.) Compact window element according to claim 1, characterized in that blinds, shutters, security grilles, curtains or the like in one or all air gaps. can be installed. 5.) Compact window element according to claim 1, characterized in that this Fenster¬ element as a fully hermetic or semi-hermetic compact unit can be manufactured and delivered at the factory, the heat pump / cooling machine or the fans, controllers, sensors etc. both in the window frame, above, can be installed below, to the side, as well as externally. 6.) Compact window unit according to claim 1, characterized in that this Fenster¬ element as Kämmämmement: a) has a single or multiple insulating glass pane made of glass, glass-like material or plastic, or b) a compact composite insulating glass pane. This Kämmämmmelement can be neutral in color or metallized for technical or optical improvement, mechanically processed or color-treated in the material or on the surface. The facing shells consist of glass, glass-like material or plastic and can be metallized, mechanically processed or colored in the material or on the surface for technical or optical improvement. The facing shells are homogeneous, adhering to an air space, firmly connected to the insulation element or separably connected to the insulation element using special devices and / or aids. The air spaces can be hermetically separated from one another and filled with air or gas depending on the intended use are.