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WO1993016344A1 - Heat exchanger to transfer heat from a dirty liquid - Google Patents

Heat exchanger to transfer heat from a dirty liquid Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1993016344A1
WO1993016344A1 PCT/SE1993/000114 SE9300114W WO9316344A1 WO 1993016344 A1 WO1993016344 A1 WO 1993016344A1 SE 9300114 W SE9300114 W SE 9300114W WO 9316344 A1 WO9316344 A1 WO 9316344A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
pipe
pipes
heat exchanger
waste water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE1993/000114
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
John Archer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1993016344A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993016344A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus to transfer heat from a dirty liquid, for example waste water, to a clean liquid.
  • waste water from a building can have a temperature of 40-50 degrees Celsius during dish washing or other washing processes. There are in fact considerable quanti ⁇ ties of energy that are lost with waste water. If this lost ener ⁇ gy could be used to heat incoming cold water, which is usually about 5-15 degrees C. then heating costs could be conciderably reduced.
  • a heat pipe is a closed system where heat can be transferred continual y by a vapour from the area of vaporization to the area of condensation.
  • the condensed vapour returns to the area of evaporation by gravity and by capillary action in a wick or porous layer .
  • the use of a collection vessel results in waste collection there.
  • the collection vessel must be cleaned often to avoid bad smells and a risk of blockage.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET A heat exchanger that can be used for larger buildings should be able to operate with a high efficiency without requiring a collection vessel, and to be able to cope with toilet water to avoid high installation costs.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for heat transfer from a pipe that functions as a normal waste pipe to the pipe or pipes carrying the fresh water using the heat pipe principle.
  • a heat pipe works at almost constant temperature.
  • a heat ex ⁇ changer for waste water operates at temperatures rangeing from 5 degrees C. to 50 degrees C. It is therefore necessary for the heat transfer to occur in several sections.
  • the counterflow heat exchanger consists of several heat pipes coupled in series.
  • the temperature of waste water can change rapidly and to obtain a high efficiency it is necessary that the heat exchanger quickly reacts to the waste water temperature. This is obtained by using a light plate construction for the heat exchanger and the quanti ⁇ ty liquid and vapour funktioning as the heat transfer medium in the heat pipe being small. It is possible to have a small quanti ⁇ ty of heat transfer medium because the exterior surface of the waste water pipe is covered by a porous layer which sucks up the heat transfer medium from which it boils.
  • a heat pipe has the property that heat only flows in one direc ⁇ tion. This is necessary in a waste water heat exchanger.
  • Fig. 1 shows an axial cross section of a heat pipe.
  • Fig. 2 shows a transverse cross section
  • Fig. 3 shows a joint between two heat pipes.
  • Fig. 4 and 5 shows complete heat exchangers.
  • Fig. 1 and fig. 2 shows that the heat pipe is made up of an outer pipe 1, end plates 2, a waste pipe 3 and a fresh water pipe 4.
  • the waste pipe is equipped with a longitudinal rib 5 and can be equipped with reinforcement rings 6.
  • the exterior surface of the waste pipe is covered with porous layer 7 which has the property of being able to suck up the heat transfer medium.
  • the ends of the fresh water pipes are fitted with strong sections 8.
  • the fresh water pipes can be equipped with flanges or other protrusions to increase heat transfer during condensation of the heat transfer medium.
  • the heat pipe is made of metal and joined to form a gastight construction.
  • the outer pipe 1 is equipped with a safety valve or melting plug to avoid bursting if the heat exchanger should be over ⁇ heated.
  • the space has a certain fixed quantity of heat transfer medium, which evapourates easily.
  • Fig. 3 shows the heat pipe section are joined together to make a complete counterflow heat exchanger.
  • the waste water pipes are joined by a sleeve 12.
  • the fresh water pipes are joined by a coupling pipe 13.
  • the complete heat ex ⁇ changer is covered by insulation 15.
  • Fig. 4 shows a complete heat exchanger.
  • the heat pipes coupled in series replace a section of standard waste pipe 17a, 17b.
  • Fresh water is supplied through pipe 18 and leaves by pipe 19.
  • Fig. 5 shows a heat exchanger with a circulating system on the fresh water side.
  • the flow rates of waste water and fresh water were difficult then this can increase the effi ⁇ ciency.
  • a difficult condition could occur if the heat exchanger was connected to a relatively little building where the flows of waste and fresh water did not occure at the same time and it would then be suitable to have store of fresh water which continually circulated througn the fresh water pipes.
  • the heat pipes are divided into representatives. Each group is equipped with
  • the generas are series coupled by pipe 22.
  • a heat exchanger made according to the above description is installed in a small hospital, where it replaces part of the waste pipe. It has functioned for several years without requiring any maintenance and a constant high efficiency.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention is a heat exchanger to transfer heat from a dirty unhygenic liquid, for example waste water, to a clean liquid. The heat transfer is achieved by vapour latent heat transfer between parallel pipes, as in a heat pipe, and several individual units can be connected in series to make a counterflow heat exchanger.

Description

HEAT EXCHANGER TO TRANSFER HEAT FROM A DIRTY LIQUID.
The invention relates to an apparatus to transfer heat from a dirty liquid, for example waste water, to a clean liquid.
-.Measurements has shown that waste water from a building can have a temperature of 40-50 degrees Celsius during dish washing or other washing processes. There are in fact considerable quanti¬ ties of energy that are lost with waste water. If this lost ener¬ gy could be used to heat incoming cold water, which is usually about 5-15 degrees C. then heating costs could be conciderably reduced.
Because of the grossly dirty and unhygenic condition of waste water conventional heat exchangers cannot_be used. In addition to avoid any risk for infection it is necessary that the waste water and fresh water cannot come in contact with each other if there was a leakage.
By using the heat pipe principle it is possible to make a heat exchanger that deals with the grossly dirty water without any risk of infection. ^
A heat pipe is a closed system where heat can be transferred continual y by a vapour from the area of vaporization to the area of condensation. The condensed vapour returns to the area of evaporation by gravity and by capillary action in a wick or porous layer .
In the Swedish patents 7613962-5 and 7910472-5 are described heat exchangers that use the heat pipe principle to recover heat energy from waste water.
The heat exchanger in patent 7910472-5 has been shown to func¬ tion well in private houses, however it is required that the waste toilet water bypasses the heat exchanger .This increases the installation costs considerable.
The use of a collection vessel results in waste collection there. The collection vessel must be cleaned often to avoid bad smells and a risk of blockage.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET A heat exchanger that can be used for larger buildings should be able to operate with a high efficiency without requiring a collection vessel, and to be able to cope with toilet water to avoid high installation costs.
Investigation of waste water pipes that have been in operation for a long time has shown that the lower area of the pipe keeps itself clean, that is the area where the waste water normally runs. If one can use that part of the pipe as the heat transfer area then it is possible to make a maintenance free heat ex¬ changer for waste water.
The invention relates to an apparatus for heat transfer from a pipe that functions as a normal waste pipe to the pipe or pipes carrying the fresh water using the heat pipe principle.
To obtain a high heat exchange efficience the liquids flow in counterflow directions.
A heat pipe works at almost constant temperature. A heat ex¬ changer for waste water operates at temperatures rangeing from 5 degrees C. to 50 degrees C. It is therefore necessary for the heat transfer to occur in several sections. The counterflow heat exchanger consists of several heat pipes coupled in series.
The temperature of waste water can change rapidly and to obtain a high efficiency it is necessary that the heat exchanger quickly reacts to the waste water temperature. This is obtained by using a light plate construction for the heat exchanger and the quanti¬ ty liquid and vapour funktioning as the heat transfer medium in the heat pipe being small. It is possible to have a small quanti¬ ty of heat transfer medium because the exterior surface of the waste water pipe is covered by a porous layer which sucks up the heat transfer medium from which it boils.
A heat pipe has the property that heat only flows in one direc¬ tion. This is necessary in a waste water heat exchanger.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET When for example hot water flows into the heat exchanger then heat energy is transferred immediately to the fresh water be¬ cause the heat transfer medium on the exterior of the waste water pipe evaporates and condenses on the exterior of the fresh water pipes and then drops back onto the exterior of the waste water pipe. If cold water follows after the warm water from the dish washer, then the wast water will be col¬ der than the previosly warmed fresh water. Heat transfer must then not occur, otherwise the previously warmed fresh water will loose heat. This occurs automatically in the heat pipe design.
A design of the heat exchanger is shown schematically by the enclosed drawings.
Fig. 1 shows an axial cross section of a heat pipe.
Fig. 2 shows a transverse cross section.
Fig. 3 shows a joint between two heat pipes.
Fig. 4 and 5 shows complete heat exchangers.
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 shows that the heat pipe is made up of an outer pipe 1, end plates 2, a waste pipe 3 and a fresh water pipe 4. The waste pipe is equipped with a longitudinal rib 5 and can be equipped with reinforcement rings 6. The exterior surface of the waste pipe is covered with porous layer 7 which has the property of being able to suck up the heat transfer medium. The ends of the fresh water pipes are fitted with strong sections 8. The fresh water pipes can be equipped with flanges or other protrusions to increase heat transfer during condensation of the heat transfer medium. The heat pipe is made of metal and joined to form a gastight construction. The outer pipe 1 is equipped with a safety valve or melting plug to avoid bursting if the heat exchanger should be over¬ heated.
The space has a certain fixed quantity of heat transfer medium, which evapourates easily.
SUBSTITUTESHEET The heat pipe funktions in the following way:
Dirty water flows through the inside of the waste pipe. Normally the pipe is only partially filled, the waste water covering the area at the bottom of the pipe. Fresh water flows in the opposite direction through the fresh water pipes. Heat from the waste water goes through the wall of the waste pipe and into porous layer on its exterior. This results in the heat transfer medium in the porous layer eva- pourating. The resulting vapour travels to the colder areas which are the outside of the fresh water pipes where it con¬ denses, whereupon its latent heat is given up to these pipes. The condensed hest transfer medium then drops down onto the waste water pipe and is absorbed into its porous layer. Eva- pouration and condensation continue so long as the waste water pipe is warmer than the cold water pipes.
Fig. 3 shows the heat pipe section are joined together to make a complete counterflow heat exchanger. The waste water pipes are joined by a sleeve 12. The fresh water pipes are joined by a coupling pipe 13. To avoid the sections being pushed a- part by the water pressure the coupling pice is locked to the heat pipe sections by a locking key. The complete heat ex¬ changer is covered by insulation 15.
Fig. 4 shows a complete heat exchanger. The heat pipes coupled in series replace a section of standard waste pipe 17a, 17b. Fresh water is supplied through pipe 18 and leaves by pipe 19.
Fig. 5 shows a heat exchanger with a circulating system on the fresh water side. In a case where the flow rates of waste water and fresh water were difficult then this can increase the effi¬ ciency. A difficult condition could occur if the heat exchanger was connected to a relatively little building where the flows of waste and fresh water did not occure at the same time and it would then be suitable to have store of fresh water which continually circulated througn the fresh water pipes. The heat pipes are divided into groupes. Each group is equipped with
SUBSTITUTE SHEET a circulating pump 21 and a container 20. The groupes are series coupled by pipe 22.
A heat exchanger made according to the above description is installed in a small hospital, where it replaces part of the waste pipe. It has functioned for several years without requiring any maintenance and a constant high efficiency.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS
1. An apparatus for transfering heat between liquids, using the heat pipe principle, where the heated area is made up of one or more almost horisontal pipes (3), and the heat receiving area is made up of one or more pipes (4) placed generally parallel with the afore mentioned almost horizontal pipe, where the pipes are enclosed in a gastight outer pipe (1) containing a heat transfer medium in liquid and gaseus form CHARACTERIZED in that the horizontal pipe with heated area has a porous layer on its outside which h-a-s been sprayed on.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1 CHARACTERIZED in that the fresh water pipe or pipes (4) are above the waste water pipe or pipes (3) .
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 CHARACTERIZED in that the porous layer thickness over approximately 120 degrees of the heat receiving pipes underside is 0,1-4 mm and on the remaining area 0,1-0,5 m .
4. An apparatus according to claims 1 or 2 CHARACTERIZED in that the waste water pipe is equipped with reinforcement rings (6) .
5. An apparatus according to the above claims CHARACTERIZED in that the fresh water pipes (4) are equipped with rein orcements (8) at the ends (2) .
SUBSTITUTE SHEET
PCT/SE1993/000114 1992-02-17 1993-02-15 Heat exchanger to transfer heat from a dirty liquid Ceased WO1993016344A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9200449-8 1992-02-17
SE9200449A SE469355B (en) 1992-02-17 1992-02-17 DEVICE FOR HEAT EXCHANGE BETWEEN LIQUIDS USING THE PRINCIPLE PRINCIPLE

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993016344A1 true WO1993016344A1 (en) 1993-08-19

Family

ID=20385325

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1993/000114 Ceased WO1993016344A1 (en) 1992-02-17 1993-02-15 Heat exchanger to transfer heat from a dirty liquid

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2548667B2 (en)
KR (1) KR950014043B1 (en)
SE (1) SE469355B (en)
TW (1) TW207001B (en)
WO (1) WO1993016344A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001000012A1 (en) * 1999-06-25 2001-01-04 Elio Carta Hot water-milk thermic exchange system in the coagulation tank for milk 'cheese-vats'
FR3043758A1 (en) * 2015-11-18 2017-05-19 Commune De Paris WASTEWATER ENERGY RECOVERY FACILITY

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR200302876Y1 (en) * 2002-11-26 2003-02-05 (주) 루이테크 duplication heating pipe
WO2007086418A1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2007-08-02 Komatsu Ltd. Cooling apparatus of liquid
JP5326302B2 (en) * 2008-03-07 2013-10-30 株式会社豊田自動織機 Boiling cooling device and cooling method
FR2959300B1 (en) * 2010-04-21 2014-08-08 Lyonnaise Eaux France METHOD FOR EXTRACTING THE HEAT FROM A CIRCULATING EFFLUENT IN A CONDUIT, HEAT EXCHANGER AND INSTALLATION USING SUCH A METHOD.
FR2959301B1 (en) * 2010-04-21 2014-08-08 Lyonnaise Eaux France INSTALLATION FOR EXTRACTING THE HEAT FROM AN EFFLUENT CIRCULATING IN A CONDUIT, AND HEAT EXCHANGER FOR SUCH A INSTALLATION.
CN110068237B (en) * 2019-04-30 2023-03-07 张国华 Anti-supply heat abstractor of storable energy

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1601168A1 (en) * 1967-12-14 1970-06-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Heat exchangers, especially for vehicle heating
SE396465B (en) * 1975-01-10 1977-09-19 Euroc Dev DEVICE FOR RECOVERY HEAT FROM HOT WASTEWATER
EP0268939A1 (en) * 1986-11-13 1988-06-01 Fujikura Ltd. Heat exchanger using heat pipes
US5027891A (en) * 1988-03-30 1991-07-02 Alcan International Limited Method for transferring heat between process liquor streams

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1601168A1 (en) * 1967-12-14 1970-06-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Heat exchangers, especially for vehicle heating
SE396465B (en) * 1975-01-10 1977-09-19 Euroc Dev DEVICE FOR RECOVERY HEAT FROM HOT WASTEWATER
EP0268939A1 (en) * 1986-11-13 1988-06-01 Fujikura Ltd. Heat exchanger using heat pipes
US5027891A (en) * 1988-03-30 1991-07-02 Alcan International Limited Method for transferring heat between process liquor streams

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT'S ABSTRACT, No. 91-337487/46, week 9146; & SU,A,1 612 199 (APPL BIOCHEM RES), 7 December 1990. *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN. Vol. 16, No. 246, M-176; & JP,A,57 142 488 (MATSUSHITA DENKO K.K.), 3 Sept 1982. *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001000012A1 (en) * 1999-06-25 2001-01-04 Elio Carta Hot water-milk thermic exchange system in the coagulation tank for milk 'cheese-vats'
FR3043758A1 (en) * 2015-11-18 2017-05-19 Commune De Paris WASTEWATER ENERGY RECOVERY FACILITY

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR950014043B1 (en) 1995-11-20
SE469355B (en) 1993-06-21
JP2548667B2 (en) 1996-10-30
TW207001B (en) 1993-06-01
JPH05240589A (en) 1993-09-17
KR930018256A (en) 1993-09-21
SE9200449D0 (en) 1992-02-17

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