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WO1993015569A1 - Systeme de commande automatique pour telephones cellulaires - Google Patents

Systeme de commande automatique pour telephones cellulaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993015569A1
WO1993015569A1 PCT/US1993/000579 US9300579W WO9315569A1 WO 1993015569 A1 WO1993015569 A1 WO 1993015569A1 US 9300579 W US9300579 W US 9300579W WO 9315569 A1 WO9315569 A1 WO 9315569A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
transceiver
cellular
call
data
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1993/000579
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Alfred Franza
Michael Joseph Burdiek
Stephen Wayne Rogers
Dale Henri Fulton
Original Assignee
Comarco, Incorporated
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Comarco, Incorporated filed Critical Comarco, Incorporated
Publication of WO1993015569A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993015569A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/18—Network planning tools

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the quantitative evaluation of networks and more particularly to the 10 quantitative evaluation of cellular radio-telephony networks.
  • This invention also relates to automatic testing and control systems and more particularly it relates to the use of real time utilization of test data from the testing of a cellular network to control 15 dynamically that cellular network.
  • Each cell comprises at least one fixed base transmitter/receiver station that is coupled to the land line local telephone network via the mobile telephone switching office (MTSO) .
  • MTSO mobile telephone switching office
  • '.*. calls on a receive channel and make outgoing calls by securing a transmit channel to the transmitter/receiver station in the cell where the telephone transceiver is currently located.
  • the call is "handed off" to the adjacent fixed base station of the next cell or another sector of the same cell site.
  • the call from the mobile transceiver is assigned a new channel with the base transmitter in the adjacent cell or sector.
  • cellular networks do not always function optimally. For example, when the mobile transceiver attempts to initiate a call to the base transmitter, a channel may not be available if all of the channels are currently being used. Such a situation is called a blocked call. Although a call may not be blocked, the limited number of channels available may extend access time in placing a call. In addition, when a mobile transceiver moves between cells, a channel may not be available in the new cell. At that point, the call may be interrupted or "disconnected" in classic land-line parlance. Such calls are referred to as dropped calls. A dropped call may also occur without switching cells if there is too much interference or the vehicle may have moved out of range of the cell due to poor network coverage. Still yet another problem with mobile cellular telephone calls is occasional poor audio quality of the established communication links. Such poor audio quality may result from noise, co-channel and adjacent 5 channel interference, multi-path problems or other common problems associated with radio communications.
  • Additional techniques used for controlling cellular telephone networks is to use propagation models of the system area and to factor weather conditions into the propagation models. In response to different weather conditions, the parameters of the system such as power used, subsites etc. may be altered. However, propagation models are not capable of determining areas where the network is being overloaded or being subjected to too much electro- magnetic interference. Therefore, it is a first object of this invention to provide a reliable means for testing a cellular network. It is a second object of this invention to provide quantitative measurements of the quality of the available channels. It is still yet another object of this invention to provide an efficient means by minimizing manpower. It is a still further object of this invention to evaluate the network performance without requiring the dedication of the entire network to the test for a given period of time. It is yet another object to test the availability of channels in the network.
  • a disclosed embodiment of the invention includes a mobile platform such as a utility van housing a network stimulator.
  • the stimulator comprises a plurality of the appropriate type of cellular telephone transceivers and a position location device such as a global positioning satellite (GPS) receiver under control of a stimulator computer.
  • a position location device such as a global positioning satellite (GPS) receiver
  • GPS global positioning satellite
  • the cellular transceivers Under control of the computer over a common bus, the cellular transceivers repeatedly attempt to initiate calls to the base station while the mobile stimulator moves throughout the network.
  • the stimulator computer records the data from the GPS receiver so that the route of the platform may be reconstructed at a later date.
  • the particular scenario for the operation of the various transceivers is determined by one of a selectable group of scenarios programmed by the user.
  • One transceiver may repeatedly attempt to initiate calls. When a blocked call occurs for that transceiver, the mobile computer records the time and the location of the stimulator in the network. Another transceiver may makes calls less often but the calls are for a longer duration.
  • the received audio quality of the receive communication channel is quantitatively measured through quiet termination noise analysis, signal to noise ratio, sinad measurement techniques or the like for that receiver. The receive audio quality is recorded by the computer along with the position and the time of each such measurement.
  • the land-line noise measurement station monitors the incoming call to measure quantitatively operational parameters associated with the audio channel of the transmit channel through similar techniques.
  • the land-line noise measurement station also records the time of any measured operational parameters.
  • Additional transceivers on the mobile platform may be controlled to dial on a competitive cellular network to the first network.
  • quantitative data about the performance of competitive networks may also be obtained.
  • an additional transceiver called a monitor transceiver may monitor adjacent voice and control channels for adjacent channel interference and the like.
  • the stimulator computer monitors the channels of all calls and sends those channel numbers to a monitor transceiver.
  • the monitor transceiver then scans all used channels plus the adjacent channels along with the control channels of the networks being analyzed.
  • the monitor transceiver reports this information back to the computer for data storage.
  • the data accumulated by the computer in the base station and the computer on the mobile platform may be stored and later combined. Using standard database techniques, the data may then be displayed on maps of the network to highlight problems in the network. This data may also be cross-referenced to customer complaints compiled by the customer service department of the network.
  • one or more mobile units mounted in vehicles are provided with a position location subsystem, at least one cellular transceiver, a controller and a mobile data modem.
  • the controller monitors various parameters associated with calls placed by a subscriber to the network. Parametric data regarding such calls that relate to the performance of the network are transmitted on a real time basis over a high capacity radio data network along with positional information about the location of the call.
  • the data transmitted over the network may be displayed on monitors for the system controllers.
  • the displays may include monitoring of predetermined conditions such as dropped calls, block calls or predetermined signal to noise levels.
  • the system operators may then dynamically reconfigure the network by transmitting over land lines to the cellular switches to alter the power levels, to reassign different or additional frequencies to a cell or to activate subcell transmitters.
  • one or more additional cellular transceivers may be included in each mobile unit for monitoring adjacent channels and co-channel noise.
  • the mobile unit may be configured to receive scenario commands to cause the mobile unit to initiate certain call scenarios as part of testing the system. These call scenarios may be provided to the mobile unit via the radio data communications network or by field programming of the controllers.
  • Yet an additional feature of the disclosed embodiments includes having a system controller monitoring the data transmitted from the mobile test units.
  • the network may be dynamically reconfigured for automatic, dynamic network system control.
  • FIGURE 1 is a block diagram of a network stimulator according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a block diagram of a cellular phone interface/controller shown in Figure 1.
  • FIGURE 3 is a state diagram for the operation of the interface/controller depicted in Figure 2.
  • FIGURE 4 is a block diagram of an land-line noise measurement station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGURES 5A, B and C are representative maps produced by using the data gathering techniques described above.
  • Figure 6 is a subscriber interface test terminal of another embodiment of the disclosed invention.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram of a cellular phone system and a control computer network for monitoring that system using an embodiment of the disclosed invention.
  • Figure 8 is a block diagram of a test terminal suitable for use in a delivery van or the like.
  • Figure 9 is a representative map produced by using the data gathering techniques described above.
  • Figure 10 is a histogram of the audio signal to show how co-channel interference can be determined.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram of a further embodiment of the invention for testing paging systems. Detailed Description of the Invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a mobile network stimulator or network performance terminal 10 that may be used with the present 5 invention.
  • the mobile network stimulator 10 may be mounted on a mobile platform such as a utility van (not shown) or the like.
  • the mobile platform should preferably include a reliable power supply to power the mobile network stimulator 10.
  • the mobile network stimulator 10 includes a high performance stimulator computer 12 such as a high performance IBM PC compatible computer using a 33 megahertz 80386 microprocessor or more powerful microprocessor acting as a central controller.
  • a high performance stimulator computer 12 such as a high performance IBM PC compatible computer using a 33 megahertz 80386 microprocessor or more powerful microprocessor acting as a central controller.
  • stimulator computer 12 should preferably include a keyboard and a monitor, mass storage media 15 such as a one hundred twenty megabyte hard disk drive and a suitable digital signal processor 13 such as a DSP module PCI-20202C-1 along with a compatible analog
  • the mobile network stimulator 10 also includes a vehicle location device 14 for ascertaining the vehicle
  • the vehicle location device 14 may comprise a Magnavox MX4200 global positioning satellite time/position receiver with dead reckoning capabilities and should be coupled to a suitable antenna (not shown) . Alternatively, a ETAC or a LORAN receiver may also be used. The vehicle location device should also have a connector to the platform speedometer (not shown) to obtain platform speed information for storage on mass storage media 15 in a mobile log file as explained below.
  • the vehicle location device may also include an RS422-RS232 converter so that the vehicle location device 14 may be coupled to a suitable I/O board on the stimulator computer 12.
  • a stimulator 10 in this embodiment may also include up to eight transceiver assemblies 16 a-h.
  • Each transceiver assembly 16 a-h includes an interface/controller module 18 a-h respectively that allows a cellular transceiver 20 a-h to be controlled by the stimulator computer 12 through a suitable input output board of the stimulator computer 12.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the cellular to interface/controller module 18 a-h.
  • Each cellular to interface/controller module 18 a-h includes a microprocessor 180 such as a 68HC11 available from Motorola.
  • the microprocessor 180 is coupled to an RS 232 bus through a port 180a to the host computer 12.
  • the microprocessor has an address bus output 180b, an internal program EEPROM 180c, a data bus output 180 d, an analog input 180 e along with an internal analog to digital converter 180 d, interrupt inputs 180 e and an tone output 180 f for providing tones to be transmitted over the radio 20.
  • Each interface/controller module 18 a-h also includes a DTHF ft.
  • each interface/ controller 18 a-h has a radio interface 196 that
  • the 10 permits the microprocessor 180 to receive various call status information made available by the transceiver 20 a-h.
  • the RSSi signal level is supplied to the analog to digital converter 180 d.
  • a call progress detector integrated circuit 192 is
  • An audio interface 198 couples the audio inputs and outputs of
  • the transceiver 20 to the DTMF transceiver 184, the call progress detector 192, to the energy detector 194 and an optional telephone line interface and telephone 199.
  • Each interface/controller module 18 has four
  • the microprocessor stores various information necessary or the cellular transceiver 18 to operate with the network to be tested.
  • the interface/controller module 18 is calibrated to the appropriate RSSi levels of the transceiver 20 and interpolation data is stored in the EEPROM 188.
  • the transceiver receives channels for monitoring the RSSi and performs the function of a monitor transceiver.
  • the transceiver initiates calls over the cellular network to determine various operational parameters associated with the network. There may yet be a sixth, answer mode where the transceiver receives incoming calls.
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial state diagram for the operation of each interface/controller module 18 a-h in the call mode.
  • the interface/controller is in a wait state.
  • initialization of the interface/controller module 18 commences in State II 102.
  • the interface/controller module 18 a-h receives certain control parameters such as start time over the bus from the computer 12.
  • the interface/controller 18 waits for a control channel in State IX 104. If no control channel is available, the interface/controller reports that status in State VI 106 to the computer 12 and returns to State I 100. If the time is adequate, the interface/controller 18 will wait for a system identification in State VIII 108.
  • State VIII 108 indicates no service, the interface/controller will report that fact over the bus to the computer 12 in State VI 106. Once State VIII 108 has been completed, the interface/controller will send the number over the 5 cellular network to initiate a call in State III 110.
  • the interface/controller module 18 then waits for receipt of a pound (#) signal transmitted by an land- line noise measurement station 30 described below in State IV 112. If no pound symbol is received within a pound (#) signal transmitted by an land- line noise measurement station 30 described below in State IV 112. If no pound symbol is received within a pound (#) signal transmitted by an land- line noise measurement station 30 described below in State IV 112. If no pound symbol is received within a pound (#) signal transmitted by an land- line noise measurement station 30 described below in State IV 112. If no pound symbol is received within a pound (#) signal transmitted by an land- line noise measurement station 30 described below in State IV 112. If no pound symbol is received within a pound (#) signal transmitted by an land- line noise measurement station 30 described below in State IV 112. If no pound symbol is received within a pound (#) signal transmitted by an land- line noise measurement station 30 described below in State IV 112. If no pound symbol is received within a pound (#) signal transmitted by
  • the start of the call may result in a busy condition, a reorder or a dropped call.
  • the interface controller 18 determines if the maximum number of retries to initiate a call has been exceeded. If the maximum number has not been exceeded, the interface controller module 18 returns to State IX 104. If the maximum number has been exceeded,
  • the interface controller module 18 enters State V 116. If the call
  • State V 116 various operational parameters such as signal to noise ratio, and quiet line noise termination may be determined by the digital signal processor 13 for storage on the mass media 15. Other operational parameters associated with the ongoing call may also be provided to the computer 12 for storage.
  • the date and time of the call may be transmitted over the audio channel by the DTMF transceiver 184. After completion of State V, the completion of the call is reported in State VI 106.
  • transceiver assemblies 16 a-h may only be used for determining network access time.
  • the interface/ controller module 18 a-h upon detection of the pound (#) symbol in State IV 112, the interface/ controller module 18 a-h will cause to transmit over the voice channel through the network the appropriate call identification.
  • That call identification may be comprised of a number assigned in sequence for a call identification, a transceiver assembly number and the call type for that transceiver.
  • the interface/controller module 18 a-h enter state V 106. The network access time will be reported to the computer 12 over the bus.
  • the transceiver 20 a-h should be suitable for with the type of cellular network to be tested and may be a Model M-20 or M-21 available from Oki. Alternatively, as is appropriate for the network being tested, any computer controllable transceiver such as a GSM, Fleet Call, Analog, TDMA, ETDMA, CDMA, TACS, ETACS, JTACS,
  • Each transceiver 20 a-h should be coupled through a co-axial cable (not shown) to a suitable cellular antenna (not shown) .
  • an audio multiplexer 22 that couples the receive audio
  • the digital signal processor 13 may sequentially sample the audio for the receive channel of each transceiver 20 a-h to determine the signal to noise ratio, the audio spectra of the receive
  • the data produced by the digital signal processor may be stored on the mass
  • At least one fixed site network land-line noise measurement station 30 as shown in Figure 4 may be
  • the '* includes a digital signal processor 32 identical to the processor 13 in the stimulator 10 and has at least two suitable jack sockets such as RJ11 sockets 34 for connection to ordinary telephone land lines.
  • the network land-line noise measurement station 30 includes a processor 32, a DTMF transceiver 36, mass storage media 38 and tape backup 39 for that mass storage media 38.
  • the digital signal processor 32 sequentially samples the receive audio for each incoming phone call over a multiplexer 35 and determines the signal to noise ratio, analyzes the audio spectra, performs a sinad measurement or quiet termination noise analysis of the transmit audio channels of any incoming calls.
  • the DTMF transceiver 36 answers incoming calls and exchanges pertinent information with the interface/controller 18 a-h via the transceiver 20 a-h, the cellular network and the land lines.
  • the transmitted information may include instructions such as start sinad test signals, the time detected by the global positioning satellite time/position receiver, the date, call conditions and information relating to other operational and control parameters for the appropriate transceiver assembly 16 a-h.
  • Appropriate data is stored in an answer log file on the mass storage of the fixed site network land-line noise measurement station.
  • the cooperative operation of the mobile network stimulator 10 and the fixed site network land-line noise measurement station 30 will now be described. As the mobile vehicle (not shown) containing the stimulator 10 starts to drive through a preselected portion of the cellular network, operators turn on the
  • the stimulator computer 12 in the mobile van operates through the respective interface/controller module 18 a-h upon each of the transceivers 20 a-h.
  • Control parameters representative of a scenario may be manually entered via a keyboard into the computer by the operator in
  • control parameters may be pre-programmed in a file format compatible with the control program for the stimulator computer 12.
  • the stimulator computer 12 In response to the control parameters for the program, the stimulator computer 12 frequently causes at least one of the transceivers 20 a-h to initiate telephone calls over at least one cellular network. The stimulator computer 12 sends the appropriate
  • control parameters for a transceiver through the appropriate interface/controller module 18 a-h of the appropriate transceiver 20 a-h.
  • These control parameters for a given transceiver may include the number to be dialed, the duration of each call, the frequency for redialing that number, when to end the call, the channel to monitor or to make a call on or the like.
  • the number to be called should be the number for a line connected to the land-line noise measurement station.
  • the stimulator computer 12 monitors the status of each of those transceivers 20 a-h through the appropriate one of the interface/controller modules 18 a-h and through the digital signal processor 13. Operational parameters associated with each of the transceivers 20 a-h that permit the computer 12 to determine network performance are sent through the appropriate interface/controller module 18 a-h to the stimulator computer 12 for recording on the mass storage device.
  • the operational parameters from the transceiver assembly 16 a-h may include the period of time before a call is initiated, the specific channel on which the outgoing call is initiated, the RSSi, whether the call has been blocked, whether the service is unavailable, how often the transceiver is handed off during a call and whether the call has been dropped.
  • the computer 12 may have to process the operational parameters associated with the call to derive the desired operational parameter from other operational parameters. For example, parameters regarding the status of the call such as the duration may have to be derived from the time when the transceiver 20 started and ended a call.
  • ⁇ e determination of operational parameters may involve
  • the computer 12 may store an operational parameter only when the change in the operational parameter exceeds a predetermined difference.
  • the computer also monitors the signal to noise ratio in each of the receive channels, performs spectral analyses for each of the channels, measures quiet termination noise or the like.
  • Any of the desired data may be recorded on the mass storage media 15 of the computer 12 in one or more data files for later analysis along with the time of the measurement of the various operational parameters.
  • the stimulator computer 12 regularly receives data from
  • the vehicle location device 14 records the position and velocity of the vehicle of the network stimulator 10 along with the time the vehicle was at a given location.
  • the 25 measurement station 30 regularly samples the noise quality of the incoming calls to determine the quality of the audio on the receive channel of each transceivers 20 a-h and records the data and the time of the measurement on a suitable recording medium.
  • the clocks of the two computers should be synchronized by transmitting over the transmit channel the time of the stimulator computer 12, which is locked to the time detected by the global positioning satellite receiver or to the master clock of the mobile telephone switching office (MTSO) equipment.
  • the land-line noise measurement station 30 may also initiate telephone calls through a modem to the cellular telephones located in the stimulator 10.
  • a typical scenario controlled by the stimulator computer 12 is for two transceiver assemblies 16 a-b to initiate calls over different, competitive cellular networks at a high rate.
  • a purpose of the high rate of calls is to obtain information about network access time, the frequency and the location of blocked calls and of no service situations, multiple co-channel interference and the current system identification to evaluate ROAM areas.
  • the stimulator computer 12 through the digital signal processor 13 monitors these transceiver assemblies 16 c-d to determine audio quality for the receive channel of the transceivers 20 c-d.
  • the stimulator computer 12 also
  • the land-line noise measurement station 30 may monitor the incoming call and use the digital signal processor 32 of the land- line noise measurement station 30 to monitor the audio
  • a fifth transceiver assembly 16 e receives the channel number for at least some of the other four transceiver assemblies 16 a-d.
  • the fifth transceiver called a monitor transceiver, may be used
  • Co-channel interference may be measured by continuing to monitor the RSSi for a given channel after the handoff of a call on that channel and after
  • Adjacent channel interference may be measured by having the monitor transceiver assembly 16 e monitors
  • transceivers assemblies 16 a through d may also occasionally monitors RSSi for all of the 42 transmit and receive control channels available for the two competitive cellular networks.
  • additional transceivers may initiate calls to other cellular transceivers (not shown) for additional network testing.
  • the frequency with which a transceiver initiates a telephone call over the network depends upon the operational parameters that need to be measured. For example, if the only desired operational parameters to be measured concern blocked calls, dropped calls during call setup, access time and no service or other operational parameters associated with call initiation, the duration of a call will be very short. For measuring call operational parameters of noise, hand offs of calls, dropped calls or other parameters associated with an ongoing call, the duration of the call should be made appropriately longer, at least thirty to six hundred seconds long.
  • the mobile log file data stored on the mass storage 15 of the network stimulator 10 and the answer log file stored on the land-line noise measurement station are typically combined into one common data file.
  • the combined data file may be in a dBase compatible file format suitable for use with the dBase computer program of Ashton-Tate or other commonly available database management software. Since the data
  • the data base program is able to correlate the position of the network stimulator 10 for any of the parametric data stored by the land-line noise measurement station.
  • Mapping software such as Map Info (in the suitable operating system version) available from Map Info may then be used with the stored database information in the merged file.
  • the mapping software can use the stored positional data to correlate the position of 5 various identified operational parameters with the positions on a map representing where the operational parameter was measured. Referring to Figure 5A and 5B, symbols 52 show where blocked calls, dropped calls, poor signal quality or other operational parameters 0 associated with a call are shown on a map defined on a medium such as paper or a video display.
  • Maps allow cellular system engineers or managers to readily identify areas where modifications should be made to the network.
  • FIG 5C through the use of 5 operating systems such as Microsoft Windows, it is possible to display the particular quantitative data in separate windows 54 that is represented by each particular symbol 52. This permits users of the invention to better associate the actual statistical measurements with the location where problems may occur.
  • a window may be generated to show parametric data leading up to an event such as a dropped call, so the system engineers may study the various measured parameters to determine the cause of a given effect such as dropped call.
  • the disclosed invention may be included in a cellular phone for a vehicle or the disclosed invention may be used with other types of radio communication networks.
  • An ordinary cellular phone may be modified to include data recording equipment for monitoring the parameters associated with the servicing of the calls placed from that phone.
  • a position location device such as a global positioning satellite system described above should be coupled to the data recording device. At various times, the data for these parameters may be downloaded from the data recording device in the vehicle.
  • the stimulator comprises a plurality of personal communication system transceivers mounted on a small cart. As the cart moves through the service area of the network within a
  • the location of the cart may either be provided by a location device such as the use of computerized range finders using triangulation or may be manually entered by the operator.
  • a still further use of an embodiment of the instant invention is to have stimulators 10 located at fixed sites for dynamic network reconfiguration.
  • transceiver assemblies 18 By using such transceiver assemblies 18 in a monitor mode, for example, data about the performance of a network
  • the data can be compiled.
  • the data may include RSSi data for all voice and control channels, channel usage information or the like.
  • one or more transceiver assemblies 16 may initiate calls over the network to determine various operational parameters of
  • the data from each stimulator 10 regarding operational parameters may be transmitted over a land line or a cellular network from a plurality of such stimulators 10 to a host computer (not shown) . That
  • 25 host computer may then dynamically reallocate channels to different cell sites or alter the power output of a cell transmitter in response to computerized analysis of the data.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of yet another embodiment of the invention with a subscriber interface network performance terminal 210.
  • the network performance terminal 210 is mounted inside the vehicle (not shown) of a subscriber to a cellular network.
  • a cellular transceiver 220 such as an Oki Model TRU-001 coupled to a cellular antenna 222.
  • any computer controllable transceiver such as a GSM, Fleet Call, Analog, TDMA, ETDMA, CDMA TACS, ETACS, JTACS, NMT and Japanese digital type transceiver may be used.
  • the cellular transceiver 220 is coupled to the internal bidirectional bus 212 of the terminal 210.
  • the terminal 210 includes a terminal controller 214 and a mobile data modem 216 that are both coupled to the internal bus 212. Coupled to the modem 216 is a modem antenna 215.
  • the performance terminal 210 may further include a positioning system 218 such as a global positioning satellite (GPS) receiver or antitheft vehicle location system transceivers such as Teletrac available from Pacific Telesis.
  • the controller 214 may include a digital signal processor to perform operations described above. In those embodiments that lack a positioning system 218, positioning information may be provided by ⁇ obtaining from the cellular transceiver 220 the
  • the processor can triangulate position by monitoring the RSSi from different cell sites according to algorithms already used for obtaining the position of the vehicle of a given transceiver 220.
  • the controller 214 receives certain parametric information from the transceiver 220 for each call placed using the transceiver.
  • the parametric information may include information such as call status, cell site, RSSi strength, and SAT information
  • the controller may also receive the audio signal and use a digital signal processor to perform signal to noise ratio analysis, measure quiet termination noise or the like.
  • the terminal 210 may also include a secondary cellular telephone transceiver 217 having an antenna 219 for monitoring adjacent channel interference.
  • the terminal 210 is contained within the
  • the entire control program, call scenarios, and digital signal processing functions may be integrated to use the processors, digital signal processors and program memories used for operation of the cellular telephone.
  • Such a phone may be built by adapting the terminal 210 to resemble the shape of an ordinary cellular phone including a microphone and speaker and to include the transceiver 220 within the terminal 210.
  • the controller 214 may also be the controller for the transceiver 210 and include digital signal processing capabilities.
  • the controller 214 preferably comprised of a microprocessor and a reprogrammable memory monitors the status of the cellular telephone over the bus 212.
  • the controller 214 detects one or more parameters relating to system performance with respect to the phone 220 such as blocked calls, dropped calls, RSSi, hand offs, co-channel RF noise, co-channel audio spectrum analysis, no service, signal to noise ratios, fast busys and reorders.
  • the controller 214 may also monitor the status of one or more of these parameters periodically or upon a certain predetermined thresholds having been reached.
  • the controller then causes data representative of the detected parameters to be furnished to the mobile data modem 216 for transmission over a suitable digital radio data network such as the Ardis Network available through Motorola of Schaumburg, Illinois as shown in Figure 7.
  • suitable digital radio data networks may include Celluplan, Mobitex, Ramdata and Cellular Data.
  • the digital radio data network will be unable to carry all data recorded.
  • different data transmission schema may be utilized for transmitting data.
  • the transmission of the data may only occur upon certain predetermined events, such as the detection of a dropped call, interference above a predetermined limit, blocked call, reorders, RSSi below a predetermined threshold or a no service condition.
  • Such transmission schema may also include transmitting recorded data relating to the performance of the cellular network for only a predetermined time interval before the specific predetermined events have occurred.
  • the data may be transmitted across the digital radio data network at preselected time intervals or at random time intervals based on the digital radio data network's traffic density as directed by a command from a network manager.
  • the data may be transmitted over the cellular telephone radio network through radio modems on either voice channels or over control channels using packet protocols.
  • the network performance terminals 210 in the vehicles 230 monitor the cellular transmissions 270 between the cellular base sites 272 and the cellular phones in the vehicles 230.
  • the network performance terminals transmit the data relating to the cellular network parameters to the base sites 240 comprised of multiple modems that are part of the digital radio data network. These base sites are coupled to a the central computer 244 of the digital radio data network over for example leased land lines 242.
  • the network computer is then linked by for example an Ethernet network 250 to one or more network management terminals 260, 262 comprising part of the network 262 used by the system controllers. Reprogramming of the memory in the controller 214 may be through a number of different means.
  • One means is to reprogram over the digital radio data network by transmitting a new call scenario and causing that scenario to be stored in the reprogrammable memory.
  • Other alternatives for generating a new call scenario are to mount the memory chip or chips containing the scenario in a zero force insertion socket so that the program memory may be readily replaced.
  • a new program providing for additional or changed features and new scenarios may be programmed through a port, via the digital radio data network or by replacement of the memory.
  • individual or multiple network performance terminals in specific locales may be reprogrammed through the digital radio data network in specific geographic areas so that a particular testing scenario may be undertaken for a geographically restricted portion of the cellular network.
  • reprogramming may be accomplished by transmitting commands over the digital radio data network causing the controllers to poll the positioning system 218 for the location of the vehicle. Subsequently, those terminals will transmit over the data network their telephone number over the digital network to a controller. That controller may then transmit a new scenario including the phone number of a stimulator in that locale. The controller of the appropriate stimulator will cause that transmitted scenario to be stored in the alterable memory. Alternatively, all vehicles in a given locale may store the new scenario depending upon the commands transmitted over the digital radio data network from a controller as described below.
  • two or more cellular transceivers 310 and 312 are mounted within a housing 314 and are coupled to cellular telephone antennas 316 and 318 mounted on the exterior of the delivery van.
  • the cellular transceivers 310 and 312 are coupled to a controller 320 including a microprocessor and a non-volatile rewritable memory 320a such as a flash memory or an EEPROM.
  • Also coupled to the controller 320 are a program port 322, a positioning system 324, and a mobile data modem 326.
  • the mobile data modem 326 is also coupled to an external antenna 328 mounted on the delivery vehicle.
  • the delivery van embodiment 300 works in a manner as described above for the embodiment of Figure 1 except that there is no operator. Rather, the scenario data may be stored in a non-volatile rewritable memory 320a by entering new scenario data through the program port 322. Alternatively, the non-volatile memory 320 and the program port 322 may be replaced with a removable scenario data memory module. Still further, the scenario data may be re-written by transmitting data for new scenarios over a digital radio data network such as Ardis. In such instances, before the vehicle departs with the stimulator, the program module may be removed to change the scenario that will be initiated by the embodiment 300. Still further the memory 320a may also contain the program for the controller and that program can be changed or modified through any of the methods described above such as by reprogramming through the transmission of data over the data network.
  • Still further embodiments include placing fixed network performance terminals 210 or 300 at the cell sites for testing system performance at the cell sites.
  • These network performance terminals do not initiate calls but rather monitor the same system parameters and provide the measured parameters via land line, a digital radio data network or through unused control channels back to the processor for incoming calls to a cell site for subsequent correlation with the parameters measured by the mobile performance terminals.
  • the data when data relating to system parameters is transmitted from a network performance terminal 10, 210 or 300 to the network management terminals, the data may be compiled into a log file for subsequent data manipulation and correlation.
  • the system managers may then select the information that they desire to see displayed in a number of different formats for use by the network managers.
  • Map Info for the appropriate operating system available from Map Info or Atlas Systems available from Strategic Information.
  • the map 401 or overlay may be for a proprietary system such as those common in propagation models for comparing models with measured conditions. Icons representing various system parameters such as dropped calls, blocked calls, no service 402a-e or the like may be displayed at the location where various of these parameters have occurred. In an additional window 408, the key for these various icons may be displayed.
  • a third data window 406 may be created on the display providing the detailed parameters regarding a particular call occurring before the predesignated event such as a dropped call.
  • a fourth window 404 showing the key for the information in the data window r may also be displayed.
  • the data window 406 is typical of the information that may be displayed for a dropped call.
  • the columns include: (1) the time that the information was recorded, (2) the channel number of the call, the base to mobile noise measured in dBm by a stimulator 10 or 210, (3) the mobile to base station noise measured in dBm by a stimulator located at the cell site, (4) the RSSi in dBm measured by the mobile unit and the cell site, (5) adjacent channel carrier to interference ratios (C/A) calculated for the cell sites and the stimulator for the higher adjacent (+1) and the lower adjacent (-1) channels, (6) the mobile transceivers receive and transmit status, (7) the status of the mobile transceiver, (8) the mobile and base supervisory audio tones, (9) the attenuation level of the mobile phone transceiver, and (10) a brief description of the data being displayed.
  • the co-channel RF signal strength has been measured, showing a carrier to interference ratio of 19 dB for the co-channel, which is at the frequency channel 415 in this example.
  • the measured data may be used to improve propagation models used for modeling performance of the network.
  • the accuracy of the propagation model may be improved. Further, by using the actual measurements made with the network
  • the resolution of the model may be improved so that separate the model can provide projections for performance in smaller geographic areas.
  • the information regarding parameters may be compiled in a database by providing the data transmitted over the network in a comma delimited ASCII format for compilation using standard database programs such as dBase from Ashton-Tate and RBase from Microrim. That data may then be manipulated to arrive at statistics for a historical basis about parameters related to system performance for different geographic regions within the system. Those parameters may be displayed on a visual display such as in a window containing a display of part of the system area and with icons representing areas with for example high noise levels. The user may then use a mouse to obtain more detailed statistical information by clicking on the designated icon.
  • a high speed work station such as a RISC (reduced instruction set computer) parallel processor monitoring the received data at the network 260 ( Figure 7) .
  • the RISC processor monitors the incoming data for areas in the cellular network where problems such as dropped or blocked calls are occurring at a rate above a predetermined limit.
  • the RISC processor may also receive information from the cellular switches about traffic loads.
  • high end processors such as the Motorola MC68000 and 88000 family processors or minicomputers such as Micro-Vax's suitable for use with a UNIX operating system are preferred.
  • the RISC processor may be operated in response to an expert program and artificial intelligence to determine how well the cellular system is operating throughout the coverage area of the system.
  • the 5 artificial intelligence program using an expert system may readily distinguish between different types of noise that are detected such as adjacent channel interference, co-channel interference, inter- modulation, fading and multipath problems.
  • adjacent channel interference may be identified by comparing carrier to interference ratios of adjacent channels. Interference ratios above a predetermined level such as -5dB would, absent other overriding factors like an electrical storm for
  • Co-channel interference may also be determined through using the digital signal processor in the transceiver for co-channel interference. If while - ' monitoring the channel before call completion,
  • Figure 10 shows an exemplary histogram of the audio spectra of a channel where the noise between the 400 hertz f7 and 1100 hertz fl7 is about 10 dB greater than the ambient noise in the audio spectra.
  • the program for the RISC processor may further use measured historical data stored in a relational database for diagnosing trends for the particular system to predict where problems in the cellular system such as dropped and blocked calls are likely to occur.
  • the expert program may also integrate propagation models such as network management system performance models.
  • the RISC processor may send commands via a bridge 254 to one or more cellular switches or cell sites to increase the transmission power of cells or subcells, allocate more channels to a cell or to activate a sub-site within a cell for example.
  • the tilt of a network antenna mounted on a rotatable platform at a cell site may be altered in response to a control signal from the host computer transmitted to a cell site antenna to reduce interference.
  • the cellular system may be dynamically reconfigured in response to the actual conditions present throughout the system for maximum utilization of the spectrum and for minimizing problems experienced by customers.
  • the system operator may analyze the data and manually transmit control signals to the cellular switches or cell sites commands for dynamically reconfiguring the network.
  • the cellular switches may be used for some or all of the computational work discussed above for the processor.
  • use of the cellular switches for performing the analysis and controlling reconfiguration simplifies the design of the system.
  • the functions of the land- line noise measurement station 30 may be built into the MTSO switch.
  • the measured data may be transmitted over a trunk land line to a central computer or a super computer. That central computer may provide the dynamic network management capability to a variety of such different networks systems as a service bureau.
  • any CISC processor providing sufficient computing power may be used. Additional uses of alternative embodiments for the disclosed invention is to provide parametric measurements and/or dynamic control for paging networks, mobile data networks and satellite based mobile telecommunication networks such as Motorola's proposed Iridium system.
  • a mobile van (not shown) similar in construction to the stimulator 10 is used.
  • the system 500 in Figure 11 in a mobile van contains one or more pager receivers 502a-b with interfaces
  • the interfaces 503a-b are of similar construction as the interfaces of Figure 2.
  • a dialer such as a modem 508 preferably coupled to the computer 504 mounted in the van
  • repetitive paging calls are placed to the paging network for initiating pages.
  • the pagers 502a-b receive the incoming pages.
  • the reception of the page is logged by the computer along with the position of the van for correlation with the outgoing call. If no page is logged within a certain time limit of when a cali has been placed, a potential gap in the coverage of the paging network may be have been detected. Still further, by mounting circuitry
  • signal strength and signal to noise ratios can be measured calculated and stored. Subsequently, using icons for representing locations where various conditions occurred such as no reception of a page and high signal to noise ratios can be displayed on a map using software such as Map Info as described above with respect to Figure 11.
  • embodiments of the disclosed invention such as the stimulator 210 may also be used for testing various parameters of the network.
  • Such embodiments typically comprise a mobile van containing a computer implementing one or more testing scenarios.
  • the computer is coupled to one or more digital data modems coupled to an antenna for transmission over the network.
  • One or more computers located at a fixed site are also equipped with at least one modem and are coupled to the digital radio data network through a land line or preferably by being located directly at a receiving station for the network.
  • Bit error rates can be determined by transmitting messages over the network between the computer in the mobile van and a computer located elsewhere.
  • Each message preferably includes error encoding such as block coding such as BCH or Reed Solomon codes or convolution coding separate from the coding scheme of the network.
  • error encoding such as block coding such as BCH or Reed Solomon codes or convolution coding separate from the coding scheme of the network.
  • the computer receiving the transmitted message decodes the transmitted message, the computer records for each such message, the number of bit errors, the time of receipt of the message and for the computer located in the van, the position of the receiver.
  • Packet or frame errors may also be determined from the transmitted messages.
  • the computer receiving the transmitted message may record errors such as the absence of a header or a trailer for the frame or the packet, frame or packet lengths exceeding the length indicated in the header, or the like.
  • channel blockage and dropped links in the network along with positional information may be recorded.
  • such a testing unit may also measure parameters associated with the radio channels such as co-channel and adjacent channel interference, signal strength and signal to noise ratios, in the manner described above for the cellular telephone network embodiments.
  • Both the base site computers and the mobile vans may be programmed to implement a variety of testing scenarios for testing the performance of the network.
  • the measured parameters such as signal strength or bit errors may be stored along with positional information and time on a storage media of the computer i for later compilation. The same type of icons
  • 5 described above may also be used for displaying events along with providing windows for displaying measured parameters occurring before each event.
  • the data from the various measurements may be relayed for use at a central computer over a digital
  • the stimulator computer may be any type of processor including a dedicated micro-controller or a

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Les modes de réalisation de la présente invention se rapportent à des tests quantitatifs effectués sur un réseau de radiotéléphonie. Dans l'un de ces modes de réalisation, on utilise un ordinateur qui amène divers émetteurs/récepteurs à effectuer des appels sur le réseau. L'ordinateur reçoit ou détermine les paramètres opérationnels des émetteurs/récepteurs ou la qualité de transmission associée à ces appels et mémorise les paramètres opérationnels en vue d'un traitement ultérieur des données. Des systèmes pour afficher les paramètres opérationnels ainsi mémorisés sur un plan topographique sont également décrits.
PCT/US1993/000579 1992-01-28 1993-01-22 Systeme de commande automatique pour telephones cellulaires WO1993015569A1 (fr)

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US82698992A 1992-01-28 1992-01-28
US826,989 1992-01-28
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EP0708573A3 (fr) * 1994-10-20 1997-08-06 Telia Ab Procédé et dispositif de suspension pour en particulier des systèmes de téléphonie mobile
EP0734193A3 (fr) * 1995-03-20 1999-06-16 AT&T IPM Corp. Procédé et appareil pour tester l'équipement radio d'une station de base sans utiliser une unité de test radio
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