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WO1993011337A1 - Procede et dispositif de rechauffement d'une substance thermodurcissante injectee dans un trou de forage - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de rechauffement d'une substance thermodurcissante injectee dans un trou de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993011337A1
WO1993011337A1 PCT/NO1992/000183 NO9200183W WO9311337A1 WO 1993011337 A1 WO1993011337 A1 WO 1993011337A1 NO 9200183 W NO9200183 W NO 9200183W WO 9311337 A1 WO9311337 A1 WO 9311337A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating
heating means
substance
borehole
well
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO1992/000183
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vidar Fjellstad
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Equinor ASA
Original Assignee
Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap AS filed Critical Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap AS
Publication of WO1993011337A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993011337A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
    • E21B36/04—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using electrical heaters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an appara ⁇ tus to provide a complete or partial densifying of confined regions in and/or about a bore hole penetrating the crust of the earth.
  • the invention in particular relates to a method and an apparatus which may be used to provide a completely stable and impermeable, solid layer at a required place down in the borehole (blocking) , or a partly permeable layer, but all the same a layer having a stable configuration with a firm consolidation down in a borehole in a sub-structure (consolidating) .
  • a completely stable and impermeable, solid layer at a required place down in the borehole (blocking)
  • a partly permeable layer but all the same a layer having a stable configuration with a firm consolidation down in a borehole in a sub-structure (consolidating) .
  • zone isolation dense, blocking barri ⁇ ers have to be generated to separate or isolate the different fluids from each other.
  • Such a stabilizing of the formation to retain particles will below be called sand consolidation.
  • the present invention may be used both in connection with zone isolation and sand consolidation, and may also be used to form relatively dense layers of many different geome ⁇ tric shapes. For instance vertical and also horizontal separation may be obtained by using this invention. In a similar manner dense walls, dense plugs or dense sections of annular shape may be provided if desired. Below the different zones are denoted as a water zone and an oil zone. The reason for this is that the invention most often will be used in connection with wells producing oil, but where the risk exists that undesired water can easily enter the oil. Oil and water are, however, only mentioned as practical examples, as the invention may be used for isolating any undesired fluid from any different, desired fluid.
  • the invention may be used for isolation of all kinds of fluids in wells, including liquids and gases as well as mixtures of such fluids. Further, the invention may be used to consolidate formations consisting of all types of materials and all sizes of particles as well as different combinations of such elements.
  • a pipe section is arranged within the casing.
  • the pipe section has a length corresponding to the depth of the water-production zone.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus to produce a tight or somewhat perme ⁇ able barrier at a desired place down in a subterranean well.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus to obtain stable structures consolidating the formation, and exhibiting a suitable perme ⁇ ability at a predetermined place in the substructure, especi ⁇ ally within a well which already has been bored, and where the above disadvantages are not pronounced.
  • a further object is that a predetermined site within or around the well may be heated to a certain extent when a thermal setting substance has been pumped down to obtain a denser formation at this place.
  • a further object is to provide a so called zonal isola ⁇ tion and/or a so called formation consolidation without bringing the boring rigg to the borehole. Still a further object is that it should be possible to make a zonal isolation and/or a formation consolidtion also where a gravel packing already is made.
  • a further object is to provide a simple method for controlling that densifying is obtained at the desired site.
  • a further object is to obtain a densifying process which may be undertaken by relatively simple and inexpensive meas ⁇ ures and with a shortest possible time consumption.
  • the present invention leads to a completely certain determination of the depth and the extension of the site where the densifying is obtained, and also that the time at which the densifying occurs is exactly known.
  • Fig. 1 shows a well having a casing and a tubing install ⁇ ed, and where a heating device according to the present invention is in use
  • Fig. 2 shows a similar well as that shown in fig. l, how ⁇ ever this well is gravel-packed and therefore the lower part of the tubing is finished by a screen or a filter having minor perforations allowing a hori- zontal flow of liquids through the screen.
  • Fig. 3 shows the borehole with gravel packing and inserted screen, seen from above
  • Fig. 4 shows in a similar way as fig. 3, the borehole including the gravel packing, but now comprising an inserted plug
  • Fig. 5 shows a specific embodiment of one electrode in which one or several sections of the casing or the tubing make up the electrode(s) .
  • a borehole arranged in the crust of the earth.
  • the hole is delimited by the outer, mainly cylindrical wall 2.
  • a casing 3 is often arranged adjacent to and partly in cont ⁇ act with the side wall in the borehole.
  • the casing 3 is, at the productive depth, provided with perforations 4 through which the well product flows in from the surrounding struc- ture 5 and into the well proper.
  • a tubing 1 protrudes, sealed to the inner surface of the casing 3 and above the perforated zone of same.
  • the sealing is obtained by means of an annular gasket 6.
  • a cetain amount of substance 18 having a proper consistency, specific gravity, and quality is injected into the water zone 11 through a supply tube 19 shown in fig. 1.
  • This substance has such qualities that it has a low viscosity at the normal tempera ⁇ ture of the formation while it sets into a solid at a defined and higher temperature.
  • the injected substance 18 will then, under pressure, fill up the complete cross-section of the casing 3 on the top of the water-level 11, and make up a confined plug of approximately spherical shape as shown by the dotted line in fig. 1.
  • the substance 18 may preferrably have a low viscosity before heating, and will therefore flow out through the perforations 4 and make a dense layer towards the formation 5 in the wall of the borehole. When a larger amount of the substance is pumped down, this amount will fill a spherical room as sugge ⁇ sted by a dotted line on the figure. However, as the chemic- als 18 have a low viscosity they will so far not constitute any kind of a blocking zone.
  • heat is supplied in a controlled manner via an electrical cable 20, which at its distal end is provided with at least one heating means 21, comprising at least one electrode or at least one heating element being in direct thermal contact with the liquid substance 18 pumped down into the well.
  • Electrode is defined as an uninsulated electrical contact element being in electrical connection with its surroundings.
  • An electrode of this kind will trans ⁇ mit an electrical current out into its surroundings, and will heat the surroundings due to directly resistive losses in the surrounding formations as well as by thermal convection.
  • a heating element is on the contrary an electrical insulated resistance element heated by a passing electrical current.
  • Both the substances 18 and the heating means 21 may preferrably be guided down into the well within a so-called coiled tubing of a per se known type (not specified here) but may also be guided down into the well by means of jointed shorter tube sections or by means of a conventional cable when possible.
  • the substance 18 being pumped down into the well has such characteristics that it will set and change into a solid body when heated.
  • the substance must be compatible with, and not have any detrimental effect on, the formation itself, for instance by reducing the permeability of same in an undesired manner.
  • surplus amounts of the substance i.e. substance which does not set and therefore flow back into the system together with the product, must not have any detrimental effect on the product itself (the oil or the gas produced) .
  • the injected substance will, when ideal condi ⁇ tions exist, not introduce any change either in structure, plant or product, and the superfluous residue of the substa- nee, i.e. residue which is not sufficiently heated and there ⁇ fore do not set, and/or components of the substance being of a non-hardening nature, have to be removed e.g. as they follow the product back to the surface.
  • the substance may be homogenous and will then har ⁇ den to a dense, quite impermeable layer as a result of heating. This substance is to be used when zone isolation is desired.
  • the substance may instead comprise a suspension of solid particles in a liquid carrier.
  • the single particles may be coated by a thermo- setting material. The object then is to obtain a substance which in a not heated condition will behave as a liquid, while the solid particles du ⁇ ring heating adhere to each other and make up a solid strucuture having a pre-determined porosity.
  • the liquid carrier does not harden and will be removed together with the product.
  • a substance comprising a suspension of coated particles is preferred. By pumping such a suspension of pre-coated gravel down into a well which has started sand production, the particles will be forced, due to the pres ⁇ sure, out into the formation 5 and through the perforations 7 in the casing 3. This may be obtained both for the solution according to fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4.
  • the particle size is adapted to the density and structure of the formation it is obtained that a very large amount of the coated particles are forced into the formation at its less stable areas as the formation is most injective at those places.
  • the final consolidation is due to a subse ⁇ quent heating process.
  • the produced water will, when zone isola- tion by means of a homogenous liquid is used, be completely separated from the tubing.
  • a corres ⁇ ponding stabilizing of formation beyond and about the well is obtained as well as an additional stabilizing and densifying of the gravel packing.
  • the formation may also be important to have a liquid including particles of different sizes. This can enhance the densifying process in certain structures comprising voids of different dimen ⁇ sions.
  • the necessary heat will be generated by means of an electrical current, and according to a certain embodiment only one electrode 21 is used to apply the current to the ground through water exist ⁇ ing in the formation.
  • the situation then is that the higher the saturation of water, the higher the obtained heating.
  • the chemicals in the substance 18 have filled the central space in the well and also has flowed through the gravel packing and out into the radially directed perforations 6 and further out in the formation, then the part of this chemical layer being close to the heating means may be heated sufficiently for hardening to take place by means of one single (or plu ⁇ ral) heating device(s) at the center of the tubing.
  • the casing 3 (or possibly the tubing 1) consists of several metalic sections as 22, 23, 24 and 25, each being completely electrically insulated relative to the adjacent tube sections by means of insulating distance elements or insulating rings 26, 27, 28, 29.
  • a contact device 33 equipped with sliding contacts 29, 30, 31, 32 on its sides is lowered down into the tube in such a manner that the sliding contacts are forced towards the inner surface of the casing.
  • Contact device 33 is connected to a current supply 36 arranged at the surface of the well.
  • a DC current supply producing pulsed current at a relatively low frequency, for instance in the range 10-35 Hz may be used.
  • one section 22 of the casing functions as an anode while another (possible adjacent) section 24 of the casing functions as a cathode in a circuit completed as the current passes directly through the formation (and the water within the well) , as assumed by the arrows 34 and 35 in fig. 5.
  • Heat will be generated through directly resistive heat ⁇ ing of the formation and will also be conducted to the sur ⁇ rounding regions by means of thermal convection.
  • This method of heating is in particular advantageous as the length of the lowered cable and/or the arrangement of the anodes and cathodes in the tube walls exactly defines where the mamimum heat is generated, and in addition at least one temperature sensor may be used to detect the actual temper ⁇ ature reached at the surface.
  • the heating means 21, the outer parts of same, or possibly the contact device 33 may be retained down in the sub-surface included by the hardened compound, but in other embodiments the heating means or at least substantial parts of same, may be pulled back to the surface after the fulfilment of the hardening process.
  • the complete tube or parts of same may be produced of insulating material or of material being insulated at its surface.
  • the required heat will also be distributed outside the tubes by means of a direct convection of heat through the moist ground. Normally there will be a combina ⁇ tion so that the resulting formation heat outside the tube partly is due to the current's passage through this zone and partly to the fact that heat energy is conducted outwardly from the hottest central zone within the well hole.
  • two different electrodes may be lowered in the well in such a manner that the heating by and large is obtained between the electrodes and not spherically round one single one as shown in fig. 3.
  • AC as well as DC may be used for heating.
  • the heating means may be equipped with an enveloping and protecting cover arranged outside the heating means with a conductive outer portion, and possibly an insulating inner portion.
  • the electrical connection between the outer cover and the inner portion of the heating means may be arranged in a simple manner by means of a plug-in contact or a sliding contact so that the internal part of the heating means may be brought back to the surface by simply pulling it up with the cable, which in this case preferrably should be provided with a tension release to endure such stresses. The only part remaining down in the well should then be the cover encompas- ing the heating means.
  • the heating means before mounting may be located at the surface or some of the other structures which are to be arranged in the borehole.
  • the embodiment may have such a design that beforehand there are installed a plurality of heating means at different depths in the different tubes, as each single heating means during use has one separate, insulated connec- tion up to the surface. By selecting the correct terminal at the surface the correct heating means may be activated at the correct depth.
  • heating means including one simple centrally arranged heating means, one centrally arranged heating means combined with different surrounding heating means at the outer surface of the casing, and also comprising a plurality of periferally arranged heating means at the tubing combined with corresponding heating means at the perifery of the casing.
  • the heating means not exclusively has to be arranged in on single horizontal plane, but also may be arranged at different depths to gain a heating volume having a certain vertical extension. Close at or adjacent to one or more of the heating means there may also be arranged a thermal sensor having connec ⁇ tions to the surface, to supervise the obtained temperature at the correct site, and possibly also detectors sensing other parameters as for instance permeability.
  • the chemicals or the substance may be injected through a tube being integrated in or fastened to the inner or outer surface of the screen, the casing or the tubing instead of using a separate coiling tube.
  • Additional sensors may be used to register the perm ⁇ eability obtained or the composition of the material and/or its characteristics at different depths. Measurements of the volume of the injected compound, and control of the specific gravity of the compound to keep it stable may also be used, and a pulsed current or a current having an increasing or decreasing current value may be used.
  • the densifying or stabilizing layer may be arranged horizontally within or outside the well, or even may build up a vertical seal within the well streching out also through a possible gravel layer on the outside of the casing.
  • a relatively thin, cylindric filtre or a so-called screen may be provided down in the well by means of a method according to the present invention.
  • heating device for instance when more than one heating device is to be used, some of these, or parts of some, may be maintained in the depth while other heating means may be brought back to the surface as complete units to be used again.
  • the substance used is preferrably highly conductive so that it represents an excellent conductor for electric curr ⁇ ent and also for flows of heat energy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé servant à réchauffer une substance injectée dans un trou de forage (2), d'après lequel on effectue le réchauffement pour durcir au moins des parties de ladite substance, de façon à constituer une barrière dense ou sensiblement perméable à un emplacement prédéterminé du trou de forage. L'invention décrit également un moyen de réchauffement électrique servant à mettre en application ledit procédé. On introduit d'abord par pompage dans la zone souhaitée du trou de forage une substance durcissable (un liquide ou une suspension) durcissant complètement ou partiellement à une température prédéterminée et on réchauffe ensuite ladite substance en alimentant en courant le moyen de réchauffement situé à l'intérieur de la substance. Ladite substance (18) est, de préférence, extrêmement conductrice électriquement et thermiquement. Le procédé et le dispositif permettent de constituer une barrière isolante ou d'effectuer une consolidation du sable à l'intérieur du puits.
PCT/NO1992/000183 1991-11-29 1992-11-16 Procede et dispositif de rechauffement d'une substance thermodurcissante injectee dans un trou de forage Ceased WO1993011337A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO914694 1991-11-29
NO914694A NO179257C (no) 1991-11-29 1991-11-29 Fremgangsmåte for oppvarming av en varmeherdbar substans i en jordformasjon

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993011337A1 true WO1993011337A1 (fr) 1993-06-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1992/000183 Ceased WO1993011337A1 (fr) 1991-11-29 1992-11-16 Procede et dispositif de rechauffement d'une substance thermodurcissante injectee dans un trou de forage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2957892A (fr)
NO (1) NO179257C (fr)
WO (1) WO1993011337A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995000739A1 (fr) * 1993-06-25 1995-01-05 Sofitech N.V. Isolement selectif de zones dans des puits de petrole
WO1996004461A1 (fr) * 1994-08-01 1996-02-15 Noranda Inc. Systeme de chauffage electrique de fonds de puits
RU2169830C1 (ru) * 2000-01-05 2001-06-27 Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт им. Г.В. Плеханова (Технический университет) Электронагревательное устройство тепловой обработки призабойной зоны скважин
RU2204699C1 (ru) * 2001-11-27 2003-05-20 Колчин Андрей Владимирович Способ термической ликвидации парафиновых и смоляных отложений с последующим воздействием на призабойную зону нефтегазосодержащего пласта
RU2206717C1 (ru) * 2002-01-18 2003-06-20 Колчин Андрей Владимирович Скважинное электронагревательное устройство призабойной зоны нефтегазосодержащего пласта
RU2208145C1 (ru) * 2001-10-31 2003-07-10 Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт им. Г.В. Плеханова (Технический университет) Устройство для тепловой обработки призабойной зоны скважины
RU2249096C1 (ru) * 2004-02-24 2005-03-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью (ООО) Уфимский научно-исследовательский и проектно-инженерный центр "Нефтегаз-2" Скважинный электронагреватель
RU2306416C1 (ru) * 2006-06-09 2007-09-20 Schlumberger Technology B.V., Способ определения параметров потока флюида и устройство для его реализации

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MX2011010436A (es) 2009-04-03 2011-12-16 Statoil Asa Equipo y metodo para reforzar una perforacion de un pozo mientras se perfora.
CN110295588B (zh) * 2019-06-25 2021-04-13 东莞市广渠建筑工程有限公司 一种软土地基处理装置及其处理方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1866522A (en) * 1931-04-13 1932-07-05 Clarence E Jackson Method of cementing wells
US4501328A (en) * 1983-03-14 1985-02-26 Mobil Oil Corporation Method of consolidation of oil bearing sands
US4685836A (en) * 1984-12-28 1987-08-11 Institut Francais Du Petrole Method of consolidating a geological formation by thermal polymerization
EP0294809A2 (fr) * 1987-06-09 1988-12-14 Uentech Corporation Dispositif de chauffage pour puits pétrolier avec avant-trou

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1866522A (en) * 1931-04-13 1932-07-05 Clarence E Jackson Method of cementing wells
US4501328A (en) * 1983-03-14 1985-02-26 Mobil Oil Corporation Method of consolidation of oil bearing sands
US4685836A (en) * 1984-12-28 1987-08-11 Institut Francais Du Petrole Method of consolidating a geological formation by thermal polymerization
EP0294809A2 (fr) * 1987-06-09 1988-12-14 Uentech Corporation Dispositif de chauffage pour puits pétrolier avec avant-trou

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995000739A1 (fr) * 1993-06-25 1995-01-05 Sofitech N.V. Isolement selectif de zones dans des puits de petrole
US5697441A (en) * 1993-06-25 1997-12-16 Dowell, A Division Of Schlumberger Technology Corporation Selective zonal isolation of oil wells
WO1996004461A1 (fr) * 1994-08-01 1996-02-15 Noranda Inc. Systeme de chauffage electrique de fonds de puits
US5539853A (en) * 1994-08-01 1996-07-23 Noranda, Inc. Downhole heating system with separate wiring cooling and heating chambers and gas flow therethrough
RU2169830C1 (ru) * 2000-01-05 2001-06-27 Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт им. Г.В. Плеханова (Технический университет) Электронагревательное устройство тепловой обработки призабойной зоны скважин
RU2208145C1 (ru) * 2001-10-31 2003-07-10 Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт им. Г.В. Плеханова (Технический университет) Устройство для тепловой обработки призабойной зоны скважины
RU2204699C1 (ru) * 2001-11-27 2003-05-20 Колчин Андрей Владимирович Способ термической ликвидации парафиновых и смоляных отложений с последующим воздействием на призабойную зону нефтегазосодержащего пласта
RU2206717C1 (ru) * 2002-01-18 2003-06-20 Колчин Андрей Владимирович Скважинное электронагревательное устройство призабойной зоны нефтегазосодержащего пласта
RU2249096C1 (ru) * 2004-02-24 2005-03-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью (ООО) Уфимский научно-исследовательский и проектно-инженерный центр "Нефтегаз-2" Скважинный электронагреватель
RU2306416C1 (ru) * 2006-06-09 2007-09-20 Schlumberger Technology B.V., Способ определения параметров потока флюида и устройство для его реализации

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO914694L (no) 1993-06-01
NO179257B (no) 1996-05-28
NO179257C (no) 1996-09-04
AU2957892A (en) 1993-06-28
NO914694D0 (no) 1991-11-29

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