WO1993008284A1 - Promoteur de m. paratuberculosis et son utilisation pour l'expression de sequences immunogenes - Google Patents
Promoteur de m. paratuberculosis et son utilisation pour l'expression de sequences immunogenes Download PDFInfo
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- WO1993008284A1 WO1993008284A1 PCT/EP1992/002431 EP9202431W WO9308284A1 WO 1993008284 A1 WO1993008284 A1 WO 1993008284A1 EP 9202431 W EP9202431 W EP 9202431W WO 9308284 A1 WO9308284 A1 WO 9308284A1
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- C07K14/005—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from viruses
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- C07K14/195—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/74—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/74—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora
- C12N15/75—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for Bacillus
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/74—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora
- C12N15/76—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for Actinomyces; for Streptomyces
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- C12N2740/00011—Details
- C12N2740/10011—Retroviridae
- C12N2740/16011—Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV
- C12N2740/16111—Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV concerning HIV env
- C12N2740/16122—New viral proteins or individual genes, new structural or functional aspects of known viral proteins or genes
Definitions
- the subject of the invention is a nucleotide sequence making it possible to clone or express nucleotide sequences in a determined cell host.
- a nucleotide sequence of the invention can be obtained from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis.
- BCG Bacillus Calmette et Guerin
- Mycobacterium bovis an avirulent strain of Mycobacterium bovis widely used in the context of vaccination against tuberculosis worldwide. Its biological characteristics make it an interesting candidate for the development of recombinant vaccines.
- the cell wall functions as a very effective adjuvant and a single inoculation can trigger long-lasting immunity. Serious side effects from this bacillus are rare even with repeated immunizations.
- T cells interact with macrophages with mycobacterial antigens in association with the products of the major histocompatibility complex (abbreviation MHC).
- MHC major histocompatibility complex
- Clones of sensitized T cells proliferate and produce lympho ines which in turn activate macrophages to nonspecifically eliminate bacilli.
- helper T cells induce the proliferation of B cell clones leading to the production of antibodies. Attempts have already been made to carry out the cloning and expression of heterologous genes in BCG, in particular by using the knowledge available on replicative or integrative vectors.
- gag protein of HIV-1 has been cloned in the form of a fusion polypeptide with the ⁇ antigen, this antigen being one of the major proteins exported by mycobacteria, in particular BCG or Mycobacterium Kansasii and genes of Antibiotic resistance has been expressed under the control of their own regulatory region.
- mycobacteria in particular BCG or Mycobacterium Kansasii
- genes of Antibiotic resistance has been expressed under the control of their own regulatory region.
- the inventors In order to optimize the expression of heterologous antigens in BCG recombinants, the inventors have directed their research towards the characterization of gene regulatory units, which are functional in mycobacteria.
- the inventors have thus described the isolation and characterization from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis of nucleotide sequences allowing the expression of nucleic acids given in mycobacteria or in other cellular hosts.
- nucleic acid is intended to mean any nucleotide sequence capable of being cloned and / or expressed, whatever its composition, its length, or its origin (obtained by extraction or synthetic).
- M. paratuberculosis also referred to hereinafter by Mptb
- Green et al Nucleic Acids Research Vol. 17 (22) 1989, pages 9063-9072
- this insert contains an open reading phase, called ORF1197 coding for a protein of 399 amino acids.
- the inventors sought sequences specific for the species Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, by screening a genomic library lambda gtll by performing hybridization tests with the DNA of strains of other mycobacteria in particular of M. phlei described in Murray A et al New Zeland, Veterinary Journal 37: 47-50. On this occasion, they were interested in a specific DNA sequence, which contained a fragment adjacent to the element IS900 described by Green et al.
- a nucleotide sequence according to the invention which can be used for the cloning and / or the expression of a nucleic acid is characterized in that it comprises a sequence (I), chosen from: a) the sequence represented in FIG. 2 or any part of this sequence capable of intervening in the expression of a nucleic acid which would be placed under its control, b) a sequence hybridizing with the sequence complementary to the sequence a) under conditions given below.
- a part of the sequence I of interest in the context of the invention can be defined by carrying out a test such as the following: a determined part of the sequence I is cloned upstream of a vector for recognition of promoter and of signal translation, containing for example the gene for ⁇ - galactosidase, devoid of its promoter and its first eight amino acids.
- the conditions for carrying out the test can be established on the basis of the description corresponding to the constructions of FIGS. 7 to 9.
- a part thus tested of the sequence I, of interest in the context of the invention leads to the synthesis of a protein having 9-galactosidase activity in different cellular hosts, for example actinomycetes.
- a first particularly advantageous nucleotide sequence according to the invention which can be used for cloning and / or the expression of a nucleic acid is the sequence (II), characterized in that it comprises: a) the following nucleotide sequence or any part of this sequence containing in particular the site of initiation of transcription (position +1) and of the elements necessary for the recognition and the binding of the RNA polymerases of a determined cellular host which would be transformed by this sequence, these elements comprising in particular the sequences [TAC ACT] in position -10 relative to the transcription initiation site and [TC GAC A] in position -35 relative to this site: GAT CCC GTG ACA AGG CCG AAG AGC CCG CGA CCG TGC GGT CGT
- a probe determined from the sequence with which one wishes to test the hybridization marked with 32 p (10 6 cpm / ml) which one puts in contact with the tested sequence for 16 hours at 65 "C in a hybridization solution (formamide 50%, 5 x SSPE, salmon sperm DNA 200 ⁇ g / ml and 10 x Denhart).
- a hybridization solution formamide 50%, 5 x SSPE, salmon sperm DNA 200 ⁇ g / ml and 10 x Denhart.
- the membranes on which the hybridization is carried out are then washed twice for 30 minutes with a solution ISSC, 0.1% SDS at room temperature (20 * C) then washed twice with 0.1SSC, 0.1% SDS for 30 minutes at 65 * C.
- the nucleotide A marked +1 corresponds to a transcription initiation site determined within the framework of the invention and the nucleotide sequence upstream of this site comprises recognition and binding elements for RNA polymerases of cellular hosts (regions -35 and -10) in which the sequence is likely to be used as a promoter for the cloning or expression of specific nucleic acid sequences.
- the -35 and -10 regions are located relative to the +1 site.
- sequences I and II contain the minimum sequence necessary for the initiation of the transcription defined above as well as fragments upstream and downstream of this sequence, capable of playing a role in the regulation of the transcription and / or expression.
- sequences comprise a sequence type sequence Shine Dalgarno [A AGG AG], involved in the binding of the ribosome.
- nucleotide sequence capable of allowing the expression in a cellular host of a nucleotide sequence is according to the invention characterized in that it comprises a DNA sequence (III) chosen from: a) the following nucleotide sequence:
- sequence designated under b) defined by its capacity for hybridization with I, II or III gives in each case the variants of the sequence of the invention which, while being modified at the level of one or more nucleotides, retain the properties of the sequences I, II or III of the invention in the transcription of a nucleic acid.
- the modifications that may be introduced at the variant level are, for example, substitutions, insertions, deletions or inversions of nucleotides.
- the nucleotide sequence comprising one of the sequences I, II or III or a variant of I, II or III, contains a nucleotide sequence which can function as a promoter for the expression of given nucleic acid sequences.
- sequence containing the promoter when they contain sequence III.
- sequence III can be implemented with a fragment of sequence I which is not necessarily adjacent to it in sequence I but which is capable of intervening with I for the expression of a given nucleic acid .
- the above sequences can be obtained by extraction, purification from the DNA of M. paratuberculosis or by chemical synthesis.
- any variant of a nucleotide sequence comprising the sequences I, II or III described above can be defined by the fact that it retains the functional properties of the sequences I, II or III and in particular their ability to fulfill the promoter functions during the transcription of nucleotide sequences within a given host.
- nucleotide sequence I or of sequence II which surround sequence III can be deleted at least in part and optionally substituted.
- sequence between the positions of nucleotides +2 and +41 with respect to the transcription initiation site can be replaced in whole or in part, by a sequence exogenous with respect to the sequence naturally present downstream of the sequence III in Mptb, this exogenous sequence comprising a Shine Dalgarno sequence capable of being recognized by the ribosome in a determined host.
- this sequence between the positions +2 and +41 can be replaced by an exogenous sequence of bacterial origin, for example of E. coli comprising a sequence of Shine Dalgarno.
- the invention also relates to the use of any part of the sequence I or II outside of the -35 and -10 regions or of the Shine Dalgarno (SD) sequence, capable of intervening in the transcription or the translation of a given nucleic acid.
- SD Shine Dalgarno
- the invention also relates to a recombinant nucleotide sequence, characterized in that it comprises a nucleotide sequence as defined above and at least one nucleic acid sequence, the cloning and / or expression of which is desired in a host determined cell, under the control of this promoter.
- This sequence can be a sequence coding for a peptide of Mptb, or a heterologous sequence coding for a peptide or a polypeptide of different origin.
- a nucleic acid sequence is considered to be a heterologous sequence, since it does not correspond to the sequence naturally adjacent to sequences I or II in Mptb, part of this naturally adjacent sequence corresponding to the sequence of 716 bp represented at Figure 2.
- the means of the invention can therefore be used for the expression in a cellular host different from Mptb, of a nucleic acid sequence coding for a peptide or a polypeptide of Mptb, under the control of the nucleotide sequence of the invention.
- the recombinant sequence can be used both to clone a coding sequence in a determined host for example in a bacterium such as E. coli and then to transfer this sequence to express it in a different host for example in an Actinomycete and in particular in a mycobacterial strain, in particular a BCG strain.
- the invention can be implemented to clone or express any type of nucleic acid sequences and in particular sequences coding for peptides, polypeptides or proteins (this group can be designated by the expression polypeptide) having an antigenic character.
- the subject of the invention is, for example, a particular recombinant sequence corresponding to the preceding definition, characterized in that at least one nucleic acid sequence placed under the control of a nucleotide sequence of the invention I, II or II defined above, code for a peptide or a polypeptide which is immunogenic or capable of being made immunogenic.
- a nucleic acid sequence to be expressed, incorporated into the recombinant sequence of the invention can be a sequence characteristic of a pathogenic organism.
- Pathogens are for example viruses, parasites, bacteria.
- M. leprae M. tuberculosis
- M. intracellulare M. africanum, M.
- avium the sporozoites and the erozoites of plasmodium, the bacilli responsible for diphtheria, tetanus, Leishmania, Salmonella, certain treponemes, the toxin pertussis and other pathogenic and viral microorganisms including the mumps virus, rubella, herpes, influenza, Schistosoma, Shigella, Neisseria, Borrelia, rabies virus, the polio, hepatitis, AIDS HIV, HTLV-I, HTLV-II and
- the nucleic acid sequence to be expressed can also code for an immunogenic sequence, for example of snake or insect venom.
- the recombinant nucleotide sequence can thus contain, under the control of the same nucleotide sequence of the invention, several coding sequences of antigens, where appropriate characteristic of different organisms.
- the invention relates to a recombinant sequence characterized in that the nucleic acid sequence to be expressed codes for a peptide or a polypeptide of an HIV retrovirus, for example a peptide or an envelope polypeptide, or a peptide or a Nef, HIV-1 or HIV-2 protein polypeptide.
- nucleic acid sequences can be used in the context of carrying out the invention and examples of antigens or immunogenic sequences of mycobacteria, in particular the proteins or fragments of the proteins corresponding to genes involved in virulence and antigens with protective potential.
- An antigen is said to have "protective potential” if it is capable of triggering or promoting a protective immune response in particular by the production of antibodies or by induction of an immune response of cell type, in particular of CTL type.
- haptens or epitopes may be associated with a sequence coding for an antigen or in general a polypeptide which can be used as a carrier protein, in particular for expression on the surface of a cellular host, or even the secretion of the hapten or epitopes.
- association is meant either the formation of a hybrid coding sequence between the different sequences present in the recombinant sequence or an association in the form of coding elements of an operon, the different coding sequences retaining in this case their individuality during the expression in a cell host is the formation of a fusion protein resulting from the expression of a fusion gene.
- nucleotide sequence I, II or III of the invention can be placed either upstream of the nucleotide sequence to be expressed and in phase with this sequence, or downstream of the nucleic acid sequence to be expressed.
- the choice of its relative position with respect to the coding sequence can be determined as a function of the level of expression sought in a determined host.
- nucleotide sequence according to the invention and the nucleic acid sequence (s) to be expressed can therefore constitute a fusion operon.
- nucleic acids are present, they are expressed under the control of the sequence but in the form of an individualized product.
- the nucleotide sequence I, II or III and the nucleic acid sequence (s) to be expressed constitute a fusion gene.
- the expression product of this gene consists of a hybrid protein or fusion protein when several nucleic acids are used.
- the invention relates generally to the use of a nucleotide sequence according to the preceding description for the cloning and / or expression of nucleic acid sequences, in a cellular host different from Mptb, in particular in Actinomycetes and in particular Mycobacteria and in particular in M. bovis for example in the avirulent strain BCG, in Grain-negative bacteria such as E.coli or in Gram-positive bacteria such as B. subtilis.
- a cloning and / or expression vector of integrative type or of replicative type, characterized in that it comprises, at a site which is not essential respectively for its integration or for its replication.
- a nucleotide sequence comprising the sequences I, II or III or their variants, according to the preceding definitions.
- vectors are therefore either capable of replicating extrachromosomally or on the contrary in the form of elements integrated within a chromosome or more generally within an element of the genome of a host to which they have incorporated, including in a plasmid or a bacteriophage present in this host.
- a vector according to the invention can also be characterized in that it is modified at a site which is not essential respectively for its integration or for its replication, by a recombinant nucleotide sequence described above.
- a particular vector comprises, in addition to the promoter and a heterologous sequence, at least a part of the sequence designated by ORF2 of Mptb (FIG. 10).
- This sequence is advantageously placed downstream of the sequence containing the promoter, preferably between the promoter and the heterologous nucleic sequence.
- this part of ORF2 corresponds to a sequence of 716 bp of Mptb as described in FIG. 2.
- plasmids which are satisfactory for carrying out the invention
- plasmids which are satisfactory for carrying out the invention
- a plasmid of interest where appropriate as an intermediate plasmid for carrying out the invention is an E.coli strain (Myc758) containing the fragment of 716pb (Pstl / BamHI) cloned in the vector pUCl ⁇ , deposited in the Collection Nationale des Microorganismes in Paris, France, under the number 1-1157 on October 23, 1991.
- This plasmid comprises in particular the promoter of the invention corresponding to sequence II, delimited by the EcoRI / B III restriction sites (pan promoter) as well as a binding sequence (linker).
- vectors examples include the plasmids derived from pAL5000 (Ranzier et al, 1988, Gene 71: 315-321), RSF1010 (Hermans et al, 1991, Mol. Microbiol. 5_: 1561-1566), pNG2 (Radford et al, 1991, Plasmid 25: 149-153), transposons derived from Tn610 and IS6100 (Martin et al, 1990, Nature 345: 739-743), IS900 (Green et al, Mol. Microbiol.), IS901 (Kunze et al, 1991, Mol. Microbiol. 5: 2265-2272), IS6110 (Gold et al, Nucl.
- nucleotide sequences can be incorporated or present on the vector of the invention; they may be, for example, expression markers and in this regard reference may be made to genes for resistance to antibiotics such as kanamycin or viomycin.
- Other regulatory elements may be sequences involved in the expression of the coding sequence and in particular operator-type sequences or else elements capable of promoting export, exposure at the level of the host membrane. , excretion or secretion of the expression product of the heterologous sequence.
- the invention also relates to a recombinant cellular host characterized in that it is transformed by a recombinant nucleotide sequence described above or by a vector described above, under conditions allowing the expression of the sequence (s) (s) of nucleic acid (s) to be expressed contained in the recombinant sequence or in the vector.
- a particularly advantageous cellular host for carrying out the invention is a host which allows exposure to its surface, or even the excretion or secretion of the expression product of the nucleic acid sequence (s) ( s) to express that it contains or its synthesis under conditions of intracytoplasmic localization.
- Particular hosts are, for example, the strains of Actinomycetes, preferably avirulent strains such as, for example, the avirulent strain BCG from INSTITUT PASTEUR n * 1173P2 used to constitute the vaccine marketed under the name "BCG Pasteur Mérieux Vaccine”.
- avirulent strains such as, for example, the avirulent strain BCG from INSTITUT PASTEUR n * 1173P2 used to constitute the vaccine marketed under the name "BCG Pasteur Mérieux Vaccine”.
- the sequence containing the specific promoter of Mptb is capable of functioning in strains other than Actinomycetes and for example can function in a gram-negative bacterium such as E. coli.
- This sequence is also likely to be used in gram-positive bacteria such as B. subtilis or in Streptomyces.
- a suitable method for the preparation of recombinant cellular hosts according to the invention is for example electroporation, in accordance with the description of Snapper S. et al (1988, PNAS USA 85: 6985-6991) or the conjugation according to for example the technique by Lazraq R. et al (1990, FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 69: 135-138).
- the invention provides an immunogenic composition characterized in that it comprises a cellular host recombinant meeting the above criteria, in sufficient quantity to trigger the production of antibodies, or contribute to the production of preferably protective antibodies in an animal or human host to which it is administered.
- This immunogenic composition can be used for the triggering of a protective response against a determined pathogenic agent, by the production of antibodies, and the induction of an immune response of cell type, as soon as the expression product of the nucleic acid sequence expressed under the control of sequences I, II or III is under conditions making it possible to trigger this production.
- the immunogenic composition can also be used as a booster composition to stimulate the production of antibodies initiated by a protein or another constituent.
- the response elicited following administration of the immunogenic composition may be cell type; it may in particular be a CTL type sequence.
- the invention therefore also makes it possible to prepare vaccines of the mixed vaccine type, in which the production of antibodies will be directed both against the cell host and in particular against the bacillus BCG and against the expression product of the sequence of nucleic acid to be expressed.
- composition comprising a recombinant cellular host according to the invention can be used to carry out immunotherapy.
- Such a vaccine or composition for immunotherapy can be used in animals or in humans and administered by the intradermal, subcutaneous, oral, aerosol or percutaneous route. Several administrations may be necessary, for example in the form of a reminder, to obtain sufficient protection.
- a recombinant cell host according to the invention can also be used to produce any protein or peptide in particular on an industrial scale.
- the invention can thus be used for the production of antibiotics.
- FIG. 1 Schematic description of the construction of pAM320
- Mptb DNA is shown in gray with a double line and the lacZ gene with a double line.
- pAM3 was digested with BamHI / PstI giving rise to a fragment of 716 bp which was recovered on a gel 1% agarose using the Geneclean system. The fragment was ligated to plasmid pNM482 digested with BamHI / PstI, to produce pAM310.
- Competent E.coli MC1061 strains were transformed with the ligation product and the cells were spread on a Luria-Broth (LB) medium containing 100 ⁇ g / ml of ampicillin.
- the clones carrying the recombinant plasmid pAM310 were recovered by checking the restriction map of the plasmid.
- the 3.8 kb fragment obtained from pAM310 by digestion with the Smal / Dral enzymes was eluted on 0.8% agarose gel and ligated with its blunt ends to the Seal site of pRR3 to produce pAM320.
- the Ap R gene ampicillin resistance gene
- the E.coli MC1061 cells were transformed and the colonies were selected by the Km R Ap s phenotype.
- the DNA of these recombinants was prepared by alkaline lysis and used to transform M. smegmatis mc 2 155 (Snapper et al, 1990, Molec. Microbiol. 4_: 1911-1919) by electroporation.
- Figure 2 Nucleotide sequence of the 716 bp BamHI / PstI fragment obtained from p ⁇ M3 and the 185 N-terminal amino acids of orf2
- FIG. 3 ELZS ⁇ on mouse sera collected 40 days after iv (intravenous) inoculation
- mice Balb / C mice were immunized iv with 10 7 CFU of r-BCG transformed with pAM320, or with BCG strain 1137P2. Several non-immunized mice were used as a control. The sera were collected 40 days after immunization and tested. Anti-£ -galactosidase antibodies were detected by the ELISA method (Engval E. and Perlman P, 1971, Immunochemistry 8_Î 871-874). The microtiter plates were covered with 1 ⁇ g of 9-galactosidase per well. Anti-3-galactosidase antibodies were detected with goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin antibodies labeled with alkaline phosphate (Biosis). Each value corresponds to a pool of sera from four or five mice.
- Figure 4 Proliferative response of the lymph node cells of a Balb / C mouse immunized subcutaneously with 10 7 CFU or BC ⁇ + p ⁇ M3
- mice A group of immunized mice was inoculated with 0.1 ml of IFA. Two weeks later, the proliferative responses of LN cells (lymph node cells) to 0-galactosidase, APH3 •, PPD and ConA were tested.
- mice immunized with BCG 1173P2 b) mice immunized with r-BCG (+ pAM320) after stimulation with 1 ⁇ g / ml 8-gal (o), 10 ⁇ g / ml PPD (o), 2.5 ⁇ g / ml con A ( ⁇ )
- Reaction volume 50 ⁇ l containing 10 ⁇ M of primers, 10 nmol of dNTP, the target DNA of pAM3.
- Figure 8 Cloning of the PCR product in MC8 from pSL 1180
- the product obtained by PCR was digested with Xbal / Ndel and ligated to pSL 1180 (Pharmacia) digested with Xpal / Ndel to give pWR30.
- Figure 9a and 9b Schematic description of the construction of pWR31, pWR32 and p R33
- PCR gene amplification
- This fragment contained the pam promoter with the Xbal and EcoRI sites at the 5 'end and the BglII and NdeI sites at the 3' end.
- the fragment was digested with Xbal and Ndel and cloned into the multiple site (MCS) of pSL11 ⁇ O to form the plasmid pWR30.
- MCS multiple site
- the resulting plasmid pIPJN thus possessed a functional gene for £ -galactosidase under the control of the pi lambda promoter.
- pWR30 In order to clone pan into pIpJN digestion with EcoRI / BglII was made on pWR30. The 159 bp fragment was purified with Geneclean and cloned into pIpJN digested with EcoRI / BglII to give pWR31. When the E. coli strains were transformed with this plasmid and cultured in the presence of ampicillin and X-gal, blue colonies were formed. The fusion operon was then recovered from pWR31 by digestion with EcoRI / Dral.
- the EcoRI site was completed with the Klenow enzyme and dNTPs and then ligated to the plasmid pRR3 digested with the enzyme Seal.
- the two orientations of the operon in pRR3 have been obtained.
- the transformation of E.coli and M. smegmatis with these two constructions allowed the formation of blue colonies when the bacteria were cultivated in the presence of chromogenic substrate of X-gal.
- Figure 11 antibody response from serum of animals immunized with r-BCG expressing ⁇ -galactosidase.
- FIG. 12 Construction of the plasmids containing the pAN-ORF2-Nef (SIV) fusions.
- the plasmid pTG3148 is a vector derived from pTG959 (Guy et al, 1987, Nature 3_3j0: 266-269) where a BglII fragment containing the nef gene has been cloned. This fragment was isolated from monkey cells containing the SIV virus (mac251) integrated as a provirus.
- the plasmid pBlue / pAM712 is derived from pBluescriptIISK + (Stratagene) where the BamHI / PstI fragment containing pAN-ORF2 and excised from pAM1 was cloned between the BamHI and PstI sites of the polylinker.
- FIG. 13 Western type analysis of the expression of the ORF2-Nef (SIV) polypeptide. Molecular weight markers are indicated to the left of line 1; Line 1: Baculovirus extract containing the protein Nef (SIV); Line 2: BCG extract; Lanes 3 and 4: Two extracts of recombinant BCG carrying the plasmid pSN25; Lanes 5 and 6: Two extracts of recombinant BCG carrying the plasmid pSN26.
- Line 1 Baculovirus extract containing the protein Nef (SIV)
- Line 2 BCG extract
- Lanes 3 and 4 Two extracts of recombinant BCG carrying the plasmid pSN25
- Lanes 5 and 6 Two extracts of recombinant BCG carrying the plasmid pSN26.
- Figure 14 Analysis of the proliferative responses of cells taken from the lymph nodes of BALB / c mice inoculated with recombinant BCG carrying the plasmid pSN25.
- the immunization protocols are the same as those described at the Cold Spring Harbor conference (Vaccine, September 1991) and repeated in Winter et al, 1991 (Gene 109: 47-54).
- the proliferation was measured after stimulation in vitro with the different peptides indicated on the ordinate in FIG. 3 according to their location on the protein (from N to C-terminal). Three concentrations of peptides were used (0.1 / 1 and 10 ⁇ g / ml). Maximum proliferation was observed for one or other of these concentrations depending on the peptides.
- FIG. 15 Plasmid pTG5167. It is a derivative of pTG186 poly (Guy et al, 1987) where a BglII-EcoRI fragment carrying the gene coding for the GP160 protein of HIV1 / MN has been cloned in the polylinker.
- Figure 16 Construction of plasmids pLA12 and pLA13 carrying the pAN-0RF2-Env fusion (HIV1 / MN).
- Figure 17 Expression of the ORF2-Env polypeptide (HIV1 / MN) by BCG carrying the plasmids pLA12 and pLA13.
- the gpl20 protein of HIV1-LAI is used to induce the proliferation of ganglion cells which have been in contact with the fusion protein ORF2-V3 region produced by the recombinant BCG.
- FIG. 19 Levels of anti-V3 peptide antibodies measured by ELISA tests. 5 mice receive an intravenous injection of a vaccine preparation which contains 5 ⁇ 10 6 cfu of BCG transformed with pLA12; 5 others receive the same amount of recombinant pLA13 BCG; 5 mice receive a similar amount of recombinant BCG which expresses the lacZ gene but not the ORF2-env 'gene;"naive" mice do not receive an injection. Blood samples are taken after 14 days, then every 2 weeks in order to measure the development of the level of antibodies specific for the fusion protein ORF2-env *.
- Figure 20 Plasmid pTG2103. It is a derivative of pTG959 (Guy et al, 1987) or a BglII / EcoRI fragment carrying the gene coding for the P24 protein of HIV1 / LAI has been cloned in the polylinker.
- Figure 21 Construction of plasmids pLA22 and pLA23 carrying the pAN-ORF2-gag fusion (HIVl / LAI)
- Figure 22 Expression of the ORF2-Gag polypeptide (HIV1 / LAI) by BCG. MATERIALS AND METHODS
- Bacterial strains, phages, plasmids and culture media Bacterial strains, phages, plasmids and culture media
- BCG bovis BCG
- BCG Bacillary infection and tuberculosis in humans and animals. Infection and defense process. Biological and experimental study. Preventive vaccination. Ed Masson, Paris, 1928) was used as a host for the construction of various BCG recombinants (r-BCG). Other bacteria, phages and plasmids used in the experiments reported below are described in Table I.
- the BCG was cultivated until the formation of veils on a Sauton medium (Sauton B., Reports of the Academy of Sciences 1912: 155-1860 in Calmette A. et al. Preventive vaccination with BCG p 811 - Ed.
- Masson 1928 to carry out a classic vaccination preparation or in the form of a dispersed culture.
- the bacterial r-BCG clones were first cultured on a Lowenstein-Jensen medium (Jensen K., Towards a standard of laboratory methods, 4 th Rep. Subcomm laboratory methods. Bull Union Internat, against Tuberc, 1957, 2_7: 146-166) containing 10 ⁇ g / ml of kanamycin, then transferred to Sauton medium. These cultures have been used for in vitro expression analyzes and for animal immunization.
- the M. smegmatis and E. coli strains were cultivated according to the method described by Ranes et al (1990) J. Bact. 172 .: 2793-2797.
- DNA preparation of M. paratuberculosis 50 mg of lyophilized M. paratuberculosis strains (Murray A. et al, NZ Vet Journal cited above) were resuspended in a homogenization buffer (0.1M NaCl, 0.03M Tris-HCCL, pH 7.5, 0.006M EDTA ), mixed with 2 ml of glass beads (diameter 0.45-0.5 mm) and stirred in a Braun rotary homogenizer at maximum speed for 2 minutes at 4 "C. After centrifugation and phenol extraction / chlorophorme, the DNA was precipitated with 95% ethanol and treated with 0.1 mg / ml of DNAse without RNAse. After another extraction with phenol / chlorophorme, and ethanol precipitation, the DNA was resuspended in water (A260 / 280 ratio 1.8).
- the method used was based on the protocols described by Young et al (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1985) 8J2: 2583-2587) modified by Murray et al (NZ Vet. J. (1989) 37: 47-50 ).
- the library contained 2.2 ⁇ 10 5 recombinant bacteriophages. After amplification in E.coli Y1090, the recombinants represented approximately 85% and corresponded to a titer of 3.10 11 PFU / ml.
- the library was screened by differential hybridization of the DNA obtained by membrane transfer from the petri dishes containing the lysis phages (Young et al supra) using the full chromosic DNA of M. paratuberculosis (Mptb) and M. phlei as probes.
- Mptb M. paratuberculosis
- M. phlei M. paratuberculosis
- the DNA fragments were separated on 0.8% or 1% agarose gels containing 0.5% ethidium bromide.
- the DNA was eluted from the gels and purified using the Geneclean II kit (BiolOl Inc. La Jolla) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
- RNA preparation was performed using the computer programs described by Staden et al (Nucleic Acids Res. (1986) 14: 217-231).
- a culture of 100 ml of M. smegmatis MYC760 strains was cultivated until the mid-log phase in 7H9 medium, supplemented with ADC Middlebrook enrichment (Difco) plus 25 ⁇ g / ml of kanamycin at 37 ⁇ C. cells were collected after centrifugation, washed with the same fresh growth medium and resuspended in a medium containing 1% (w / v) of sodium triisopropylnaphthalene sulphonate, and 6% (w / v) of sodium 4-amino salycilate. 14 g of glass beads (4.5-5.5 mm) were added, the mixture was stirred vigorously in a vortex apparatus for two times 2 minutes.
- the supernatant was extracted twice with phenol / chlorophorme and the nucleic acids inside the aqueous phase were precipitated with propan-2-ol, in the presence of 0.3 M sodium acetate at pH 6. After centrifugation for 10 minutes at 8000 rpm, the centrifugation pellet was washed with 100% ethanol, dried at room temperature for 10 minutes, and resuspended in 1 ml of distilled water treated with DEPC. The RNA was precipitated in the presence of three volumes of 4 M sodium acetate (pH 6) at -20 ° C for 18 hours, collected by centrifugation and resuspended in distilled water (optical density DO 260/280 2 , 0). The RNA was stored at -20 ⁇ C in the form of a propan-2-ol precipitate.
- Plasmid pAM311 was linearized with BssHII to produce 5 'extensions, and dephosphorylated with alkaline phosphatase from calf intestine. After purification of the plasmid with the Geneclean kit, the DNA was cut with the restriction enzyme PstI and the 3.1 kb fragment was isolated from the 1% agarose gel. The 5 * hydroxyl end was radiolabelled with ATP (gama 32 P) (specific activity 3000 Ci / nmol) using the polynucleotide kinase (10 units). The unincorporated marker was removed by. passage through a Nick column (Pharmacia).
- RNA (40 ⁇ g) and the radiolabelled DNA probe (0.1 ⁇ g) were mixed in a total volume of 30 ⁇ l of distilled water, 240 ⁇ l of deionized formamide were added and the mixture was heated to 100 * C for 3 minutes. After rapid cooling on ice, 30 ⁇ l of 10 ⁇ hybridization buffer (0.2 M PIPES-NaOH, pH 6.4, 4M NaCl, 20 mM EDTA) were added and the incubation was continued at 60 ° C. for 3 hours The DNA / RNA hybrids were precipitated with three volumes of ethanol at -20 ° C for 16 hours.
- 10 ⁇ hybridization buffer 0.2 M PIPES-NaOH, pH 6.4, 4M NaCl, 20 mM EDTA
- nucleic acid pellet was resuspended in 100 ⁇ l of buffer containing 50 mM sodium acetate at pH 4.6, 280 mM NaCl of 5 mM ZnCl 2 and 20 ⁇ g per ml of denatured salmon sperm DNA. 2 ⁇ l of nuclease SI (472 units) were then added and digestion was continued for 30 minutes at 20 "C. The reaction was stopped by adding 25 ⁇ l of a solution containing CH 3 COONH 4 2.5 M and 50 mM EDTA at pH 8. The DNA / RNA hybrids precipitated with propan-2-ol in the presence of 1 ⁇ g of carrier DNA (denatured salmon sperm DNA).
- Murine sera were tested by ELISA to detect specific antibodies against 9-galactosidase according to the following technique: 96-well microtiter plates (Nunc) were covered with 10 ⁇ g / ml of purified 8-galactosidase in PBS buffer for 1 hour at 37 ° C and for 16 hours at 4 ° C. After washing three times with PBS containing 0.1% Tween 20, the sera pre-absorbed with BCG extracts for 16 hours at 4 ° C. were added to the wells in a dilution buffer (PBS + 0.1% Tween 20.1% BSA) for 2 hours at 37 "C.
- a dilution buffer PBS + 0.1% Tween 20.1% BSA
- the antibody titers were determined by photometry at 405 nm using an anti-mouse rabbit IgG conjugated with alkaline phosphatase (Biosys, Compiègne ) and 1 mg / ml of p-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate.
- the 8-galactosidase activity was measured in E.coli cells treated with toluene and in extracts of M. smegmatis subjected to an ultrasound treatment according to the description of Cossart et al (J. Bacteriol. (1985) 161 : 454-457).
- mice 6 week old Balb / c female mice were obtained from Iffa Credo.
- SC subcutaneously
- CFU colony forming units
- Lymph node cells were removed 14 days after immunization and proliferative responses were studied.
- IFA incomplete Freund's adjuvant
- mice were inoculated intravenously (iv) with 5.10 6 CFU of BCG strains. Some mice were boosted intravenously, three times 21 days apart with 10 6 CFU; serum samples were taken 28 days after immunization and 14 days after each booster to titrate the antibodies.
- the stability of the different strains of BCG was analyzed by determining the number of BCG CFUs recovered from the spleen two months after the inoculation (iv) of 10 7 CFUs of BCG.
- LN inguinal lymph nodes
- RPMI1690 Gibco
- FCS fetal calf serum
- the concentration of the antigens used was as follows: 0.01 ⁇ g / ml of APH3 'and 3-galactosidase and 10 ⁇ g / ml of a purified protein derivative (PPD).
- PPD purified protein derivative
- ConA concanavalin A
- Some cell suspensions remained unstimulated; Each test was carried out in triplicate. The cultures were incubated for five days at 37 ° C, the last 22 hours in the presence of methyl tritiated thymidine (3H dThd lmCi 37KB2 Amersham) 0.4 uci / well in an atmosphere of humidified air containing 7% CO 2 .
- the cells were then harvested on fiberglass filters (Automash 2000 Dynatch) and the incorporated radioactivity was measured. The results are expressed in terms of counts per minute (cpm) minus background noise. Standard errors of the mean for tripticate cultures were determined. The background noise values of the unstimulated control cultures were less than 10 4 cpm.
- L3T4 (CD4 +) hybridoma GK 1-5 of anti-mouse CD4 + specific rat and LYT2 (CD8 +) (hybridoma H35 17-2 of anti-mouse CD8 + specific rat) were produced according to the method described by (Dialynas DP et al, 1984, J. of Immunology Tome 31, p 2445-2451). Briefly, to obtain ascites of monoclonal antibodies, nude mice were first inoculated with cells corresponding to 106 hybridomas. Antibodies were collected by precipitation in ammonium sulfate. The amount of protein was tested by optical density at 280 nm.
- Interferon-gama synthesis was measured in the supernatant of LN cell cultures at the end of the proliferation test.
- the level of interferon-gama was determined by an immunoenzymatic test in solid phase using the principle of the multiple sandwich (Genzyme).
- the supernatant was diluted (1 / 2-1 / 10).
- the standard interferon-gama was diluted to obtain values within the linear range of the test (128-8200 pg / ml).
- a lambda gtll genomic library was constructed to isolate specific sequences for M. paratuberculosis (Mptb).
- Mptb M. paratuberculosis
- a recombinant phage which strongly hybridized with the chromosic DNA of Mptb but not with the DNA of M. phlei was taken up individually and used to prepare the stocks of phage lysates (Maniatis et al cited above).
- One of these recombinants was randomly selected for further testing. Its genome contains an insertion of 3.8 kb.
- Mycobacterial DNA was recovered from this fragment by digestion with the restriction enzymes EcoRI and BamHI. This led to the production of four fragments which were separated on an agarose gel.
- pAM3 When pAM3 was labeled with the chemical probe kit (Promega) and used as a probe in a dot-blot test, hybridization occurred only with DNA extracted from M. paratuberculosis.
- the plasmid pAM3 did not hybridize with M. avium serovar 2 and 3, M. intracellulare, M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv, M. bovis, M. phlei, M. smegmatis or N asteroids.
- the nucleotide sequence of the 716 bp BamHI / PstI fragment is shown in FIG. 2.
- Analysis of the sequence to search for consensus signals for the start of transcription and translation made it possible to show a potential region at -35 ( position 83-88) a region at -10 (position 106-111) and a Shine Dalgarno (SD) sequence at position 147-152.
- a long open reading phase (ORF) designated by ORF2 follows the SD sequence with an ATG initiation codon at position 160.
- Analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the fragment revealed homology with the insertion element IS900 M. paratuberculosis.
- the segment 153-716 was identical to the sequence ntl451 to 888 of IS900 (Green et al (1989) Nucl. Acids. Res. 17: 9063-9073).
- ORF2 is in the opposite direction to transcription of this element's potential transposase, orfll97.
- the segment 1-152 is outside the sequence of IS900.
- IS900 is used as a genomic probe for Southern blot tests of different Mptb isolates, almost identical multiple band patterns are obtained, regardless of the origin of the isolates (McFadden et al (1987) J. Clin. Microbiol. 25 : 796-801). This absence of polymorphism suggests that IS900 integrates predominantly at specific sites within the Mptb genome. A limited number of sequences adjacent to the IS900 termination have been reported, it appears to contain conserved nucleotide sequences (Green et al (1989) Nucl. Acids Res. 17: 9063-9073).
- the Shine Dalgarno (SD) AAGGAG sequence shown in Figure 2 is adjacent to the IS element.
- the reverse sequence complementary to this SD sequence (CTCCTT) is identical to the flanking sequence reported for IS900 contained in the clone pMB22 derived from the genomic library of the human isolate originating from a patient suffering from Crohn's disease of Mptb.
- the starting site for the transcription of the orf2-lacZ fusion gene inside pAM320 was determined by high resolution mapping with nuclease SI. The experiments demonstrated that the starting site for the transcription of the sequence is located upstream of orf2 at position 119 (FIG. 4). A second start site is present outside the mycobacteria sequence. Two explanations can be found for this observation. First of all this may be due to hybridization of the probe with a small amount of shuttle plasmid which was co-precipitated during the preparation of the RNA, otherwise this may be due to the reading of the transcription results by the intermediate of the pRR3 picillin resistance gene.
- pan promoter element which is adjacent to the IS900 element is capable of controlling the expression of orf2. This is the first demonstration of the induction of the expression of a gene located inside an insertion sequence, by means of an adjacent chromosomal promoter.
- pan is functional in E.coli when it is present in a fusion operon with Lac-Z but it is not functional when it is present in a fusion gene with orf2.
- pWR32 induced the same level of ⁇ -galactosidase activity in M. smegmatis as pAM320. However, the activity level with pWR33 was 10 times higher in E. coli. This must be due to the constitutive activity of a promoter upstream of the pAM-lacZ fusion gene.
- mice were inoculated subcutaneously with BCG recombinants hosting the plasmid pAM320 expressing the APH3 'phosphotransferase under the control of its own regulatory region and lacZ under pan control.
- the proliferative responses of the LN cells taken 14 days after the immunization were analyzed.
- a specific response to in vitro stimulation with different antigens was observed ( Figure 4). Only the LN cells of mice immunized with r-BCG expressing lacZ and APH3 'proliferated in response to stimulation in vitro by j8-galactosidase and by aminoglycoside phosphotransferase (APH3 1 ).
- CD4 + and CD8 + T cells have been shown to be involved in the proliferative responses described above by alternative inhibition of proliferation, with anti-CD4 + and anti-CD8 + monoclonal antibodies. The results appear in FIG. 5. A 70% inhibition of the specific response to ⁇ -galactosidase is observed after the addition of anti-CD4 antibodies to the cultures of LN cells. In similar experiments, a 30% inhibition was observed after addition of anti-CD8 antibodies to the cultures. These results show that the strongest response is obtained by the CD4 + T cell subgroup. Two different populations of CD4 + T cells participate in the regulation of the immune response in mice.
- a subgroup of CD4 + T cells designated by THl produces interleukin-2 (IL2) and 1 * interferon-gama and preferentially activates macrophages to kill or to inhibit growth intracellular pathogen.
- Another subset of CD4 + T cells designated by TH2 other product lymphokines including 1 "IL-4, IL-5, and is involved in the induction of humoral responses.
- Significant production of interferon-gama was detected in the supernatant of LN cell cultures stimulated with specific antigens (Figure 6). These values were slightly lower than those obtained after stimulation with PPD or conA. However, they remain significant since the floor value of the standard curves was 100 pg / ml.
- the production of interferon-gama by LN cells isolated from animals immunized with non-recombinant BCG was only observed after stimulation in vitro with PPD or ConA.
- Blood was drawn four weeks after intravenous inoculation with the two strains of BCG and 14 days after each of the booster ivs.
- the antibodies directed against jS-galactosidase were detected by an ELISA test from sera of animals immunized with r-BCG, expressing / 9-galactosidase (FIG. 3). An increase in the antibody response was observed after the various boosters. The results appear in FIG. 11. A significant increase in the level of antibodies is observed after the first and then the second booster. A third booster does not increase the level of antibodies.
- the antibodies directed against ⁇ -galactosiase are detected in the sera of animals immunized with non-recombinant BCG.
- the BCG bacilli were recovered from spleen homogenates two months after iv inoculation.
- Table II shows that the different r-BCG clones used in this study have behavior similar to that of the non-recombinant BCG strain.
- 7.410 5 CFU after culture in a medium in the absence of selection by kanamycin.
- results presented here demonstrate that the r-BCG strains harboring plasmids coding for APH3 ′ under its own control region and the ⁇ -galactosidase under the control of pan can trigger cellular and humoral immune responses, specific for these antigens, in the mouse.
- These polypeptide antigens are located in the cytoplasm of r-BCG.
- r-BCG derivatives must multiply inside macrophages and present the peptides of 3-galactosidase in association with MHC molecules. This leads to recognition by T lymphocytes which respond by proliferating. LN cells showed strong proliferation in response to stimulation in vitro.
- CD4 + and CD8 + T cells have been shown to be involved in the proliferative response with 70% CD4 + cells and 30% CD8 + cells.
- infongama suggests an effective role for the TH1 cell subgroup. These cells are responsible for the activation of macrophages required for the elimination of intracellular pathogens.
- the antibody titers found also suggest the cooperation of the T cell subgroup designated by TH2 which plays a role in the induction of humoral responses.
- pGEM-2 Plasmid vector with a high number of Promega copies marketed pNM482 Vector for the detection of Minton and the promoter pRR3 Shuttle vector E. coli and mycobacterium pAM-3 Recombinant pGEM-2 containing a Described in the text fragment EcoRI / BamHI of 1.6 kb of Mptq pAM310 Recombinant pNM482 containing a Described in the text fragment BamHI / PstI of 716 bp of pAM-3 pAM320 Recombinant pRR3 containing a Described in the text fragment Dral / Smal of 3.8 kb of pAM310 pAM311 Recombinant pUC t ⁇ containing a Described in the text BamHI / PstI fragment of 716 bp of pAM-3 pAM312 Recombinant pUC 18 containing a Described in the text fragment EcoRI / Bam
- pSL 1180 Derivative of pUC 1 ⁇ Pharmacia pWR30 Recombinant pSL 1180 containing Describes in the text the PCR digestion product of Xbal / Ndel (168 bp) pTGT 959 Plasmid containing the lambda Transgene PL promoter pIpJNI Recombinant pNM482 containing the Described in the text fragment Xhol / BamHI of pTG 959 pWR31 Recombinant pIpJN containing the Described in the text EcoRI / Blqll fragment of pWR30 (159 Bp) pWR32 + pWR33 Recombinant pRR3 containing the Described in the text fragment EcoRI / Dral (3.8 kb) of pWR31 in the 2 orientations
- the PAN promoter associated with the open reading phase ORF2 was used to express several viral antigens in BCG. Immune responses directed against these viral antigens have been observed after inoculation in mice of the BCG strains expressing them.
- the entire SIV nef gene was inserted at the PstI site of ORF2. To do this, a fragment containing the SIV nef gene was synthesized in vitro by PCR. Two oligonucleotides SN1 (5'CCCCTGCAGAGATCTATGGGTGGA-GCTATT3 ') and SN2 (5'AAAAAGCTrraAGC ⁇ iT rTCTAACTT3 •) were synthesized by the company APPLIGENE. They were used to amplify the SIV nef gene from the plasmid pTG3148 carrying it and originating from TRANSGENE (FIG. 12). The amplified fragment carries the PstI and HindIII restriction sites.
- the recombinant plasmid carrying SIV nef was called pSN24.
- the Xbal / HindIII fragment carrying the SIV nef gene was cut with the enzymes Xbal and HindIII, the ends were filled in with Klenow enzymes and the resulting fragment was cloned into the Scal site of pRR3, in the two directions.
- the resulting plasmids were called pSN25 and pSN26.
- Plasmids pSN25 and pSN26 were transferred to M.smegmatis and BCG by electroporation.
- the ORF2-Nef fusion polypeptide is identified by western blot using sera from monkeys infected with SIV. (figure 13). After inoculation of mice with BCG expressing ORF2-Nef (SIV), a cell-type immune response directed against Nef (SIV) was observed using tests of proliferation of lymph node cells after stimulation with Nef peptides (SIV) .
- the peptides come from the ANRS.
- peptides 1-15; 16-30; 40-60 and 221-235 for which the numbers correspond to the location of the N-terminal amino acid and the C-terminal amino acid on the entire Nef protein.
- the amplitude of the responses obtained with the different peptides is indicated in FIG. 14. It is likely that these are T (CD4) and T (CD8) lymphocytes as we had previously shown for Nef of HIV1.
- cloning was carried out in a similar way to cloning the nave of SIV.
- the gene fragment coding for the polypeptide of amino acid 242 to 335 of the protein GP120 was synthesized in vitro by PCR.
- the amplified fragment carries the PstI and HindIII restriction sites.
- the resulting plasmid was called pLAll. It contains an ORF2-env gene fusion containing the 554 bp corresponding to the N-terminal part of ORF2 and the 686 bp corresponding to the N-terminal part of the env gene.
- the PAN-ORF2-env fusion was excised from pLAll by a double cleavage with the enzymes BamHI and HindIII. The ends of the fragment were filled with Klenow polymerase.
- the resulting fragment was cloned into pRR3 at the Seal site, giving rise to the plasmids pLA12 and pLA13 according to the orientation of the insert.
- the plasmids pLA12 and pLA13 were introduced by electroporation into M.smegmatis and into BCG.
- the expression of the ORF2-Env fusion was detected using western blot using the monoclonal antibody SC-D (K24-1) of HYBRIDOLAB. As shown in FIG. 17, an expression of fusion polypeptide of the expected molecular weight (45.5 kDa) is observed.
- mice were inoculated with BCG expressing the ORF2-Env fusion. Fifteen days after inoculation, an in vitro proliferative response of the lymph node cells was observed after stimulation with the GP120 protein ( Figure 18). It is likely that these are also T (CD4) and T (CD8) lymphocytes. Other mice were inoculated IV, and a booster was given after 28 days. Blood was drawn at different times after injection. Fifteen days after the booster, a high antibody level was detected by ELISA test, using the GP120 protein or peptides corresponding to the part of Env expressed by the BCG ( Figure 19).
- the part of the gag gene coding for the protein P24 (the first 217 amino acids) of the HIV1 LAI virus was inserted at the Xhol site internal to ORF2.
- a fragment containing the gag gene was synthesized in vitro by PCR using the EML3 oligonucleotides:
- EML5 5 • GTTCGAATTCTCACAAAACTCTTGC3 * and the plasmid pTG2103 constructed by Transgene (Figure 20) as a matrix.
- This fragment containing the gag gene was cut by the enzymes Xhol and EcoRI and cloned between the Xhol and EcoRI sites of the plasmid pAMI (Murray et al, 1992), thus achieving an ORF2-Gag fusion and giving rise to the plasmid pLA21 ( Figure 21 ).
- the BamHI / EcoRI fragment carrying the ORF2-Gag fusion was excised from pLA21 by cutting with the enzymes EcoRI and BamHI. The ends of the fragment were filled in with Klenow polymerase and the resulting fragment was cloned in pRR3 at the Seal site to give rise to the plasmids pLA22 and pLA23. These plasmids were transferred by electroporation into M.smegmatis and BCG. The ORF2-Gag fusion is expressed in the form of a 46.5 kDa polypeptide by M.smegmatis and BCG ( Figure 22).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5507458A JPH07504082A (ja) | 1991-10-25 | 1992-10-23 | M.Paratuberculosisのプロモーター及び免疫原性配列の発現のためのその使用 |
| US08/211,718 US5968815A (en) | 1991-10-25 | 1992-10-23 | Promoter of M. paratuberculosis and its use for the expression of immunogenic sequences |
| EP92922721A EP0666917A1 (fr) | 1991-10-25 | 1992-10-23 | Promoteur de m. paratuberculosis et son utilisation pour l'expression de sequences immunogenes |
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|---|---|---|---|
| FR91/13327 | 1991-10-25 | ||
| FR9113227A FR2682967B1 (fr) | 1991-10-25 | 1991-10-25 | Nouveau promoteur de m. paratuberculosis. son utilisation pour le clonage et l'expression de sequences nucleotidiques. |
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| WO1993008284A1 true WO1993008284A1 (fr) | 1993-04-29 |
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| US6752993B1 (en) | 1993-11-23 | 2004-06-22 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Abundant extracellular product vaccines and methods for their production and use |
| US6761894B1 (en) | 1993-11-23 | 2004-07-13 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Abundant extracellular products and methods for their production and use |
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| WO1996008579A1 (fr) * | 1994-09-16 | 1996-03-21 | Alan Murray | Procedes de detection de mycobacteries pathogenes |
| GB9526178D0 (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1996-02-21 | Taylor John Hermon | Novel polynuceotides and polypeptides in pathogenic mycobacteria and their use as diagnostics,vaccines and targets for chemotherapy |
| GB9806093D0 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-05-20 | Taylor John Hermon | Diagnostics and vaccines for mycobacterial infections of animals and humans |
| US7074559B2 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2006-07-11 | Refents of the University of Minnesota | Mycobacterial diagnostics |
| NZ519469A (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2005-01-28 | Agres Ltd | Nucleic acid probes for detecting the presence of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and distinguishing between cattle and sheep strains |
| EP1913020B1 (fr) | 2005-08-09 | 2010-05-05 | HAV Vaccines Limited | Constructions immunogènes |
| EP1989326A4 (fr) | 2006-01-17 | 2009-09-30 | Health Research Inc | Bio-essai de suivi en heteroduplex |
| US7999153B2 (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2011-08-16 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Soybean variety D5502014 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8709803D0 (en) * | 1987-04-24 | 1987-05-28 | Mcfadden J J | Treatment of crohn's disease &c |
| EP0400973B1 (fr) * | 1989-05-31 | 1996-07-31 | Ajinomoto Co., Inc. | Vecteurs d'expression et de sécrétion pour mycobacterium et les transformants |
| US5330754A (en) * | 1992-06-29 | 1994-07-19 | Archana Kapoor | Membrane-associated immunogens of mycobacteria |
-
1991
- 1991-10-25 FR FR9113227A patent/FR2682967B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-10-23 US US08/211,718 patent/US5968815A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-23 JP JP5507458A patent/JPH07504082A/ja active Pending
- 1992-10-23 EP EP92922721A patent/EP0666917A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1992-10-23 WO PCT/EP1992/002431 patent/WO1993008284A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1992-10-27 NZ NZ244901A patent/NZ244901A/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| ABSTRACTS OF THE 91ST GENERAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY; ABSTR.NO. U-27 1991, WASHINGTON, US page 147 T. J. GOIST ET AL. 'Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis Promoter in Escherichia coli' * |
| DATABASE WPIL Section Ch, Week 9128, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class B04, AN 91-200914 [28] * |
| NATURE. vol. 351, 6 Juin 1991, LONDON GB pages 456 - 460 C. K. STOVER ET AL. 'New use of BCG for recombinant vaccines' * |
| NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH. vol. 17, no. 22, 1989, ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA US pages 9063 - 9073 E. P. GREEN ET AL. 'Sequence and characteristics of IS900, an insertion element identified in a human Crohn's disease isolate of mycobacterium paratuberculosis' cité dans la demande * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6752993B1 (en) | 1993-11-23 | 2004-06-22 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Abundant extracellular product vaccines and methods for their production and use |
| US6761894B1 (en) | 1993-11-23 | 2004-07-13 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Abundant extracellular products and methods for their production and use |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2682967B1 (fr) | 1994-01-14 |
| JPH07504082A (ja) | 1995-05-11 |
| US5968815A (en) | 1999-10-19 |
| NZ244901A (en) | 1995-07-26 |
| FR2682967A1 (fr) | 1993-04-30 |
| EP0666917A1 (fr) | 1995-08-16 |
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