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WO1992018763A1 - Engine block cylinder liners made of aluminum alloy composites - Google Patents

Engine block cylinder liners made of aluminum alloy composites Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992018763A1
WO1992018763A1 PCT/CA1992/000147 CA9200147W WO9218763A1 WO 1992018763 A1 WO1992018763 A1 WO 1992018763A1 CA 9200147 W CA9200147 W CA 9200147W WO 9218763 A1 WO9218763 A1 WO 9218763A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
aluminum alloy
liner
tubular sleeve
high melting
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CA1992/000147
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Iljoon Jin
Paul William Jeffrey
David James Lloyd
Sergio Gallo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rio Tinto Alcan International Ltd
Teksid SpA
Original Assignee
Alcan International Ltd Canada
Teksid SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcan International Ltd Canada, Teksid SpA filed Critical Alcan International Ltd Canada
Publication of WO1992018763A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992018763A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1094—Alloys containing non-metals comprising an after-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • F02F2007/009—Hypereutectic aluminum, e.g. aluminum alloys with high SI content

Definitions

  • This invention relates to engine block cylinder liners made from high melting temperature aluminum alloy composites.
  • cast iron The most widely used material for cylinder liners of lightweight aluminum alloy engine blocks is cast iron.
  • the reasons that cast iron is used for the liners are:
  • cast iron has a high specific gravity and a low thermal conductivity.
  • Aluminum alloys which have a high wear resistance e.g. hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys can also be used as cylinder liner material.
  • the above problems can be overcome by using as the material for the cylinder liners an aluminum alloy composite comprising an aluminum alloy having a high melting temperature reinforced with non-metallic refractory particles.
  • a cast composite of the above materials is first prepared and this composite is then extruded to form a tubular sleeve.
  • a long tubular sleeve is extruded which is then cut to the desired length to form a cylinder liner.
  • a variety of aluminum alloys are available having higher melting temperatures than the engine block's alloys. Examples of these include Al-Mn, Al-Cr, Al-Ni,
  • Al-Fe and Al-Cr-Zr alloys When these alloy are reinforced with ceramic particles, they attain the properties required for cylinder liners in high performance engines, i.e.: high melting temperature, good strength at the service temperature, higher thermal conductivity than cast iron, good wear resistance and good corrosion resistance.
  • the ceramic particles may be selected from metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal carbides and metal suicides. Preferably, however, alumina is used.
  • FIG. 1(A) is a photomicrograph of a longitudinal cross-section of a cylinder liner produced in accordance with the method of the present invention taken at 200x, and showing the microstructure of the cylinder liner;
  • FIG. 1(B) is a photomicrograph similar to that of FIG. 1(A) but showing a transverse cross-section of the cylinder liner;
  • FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph of a transverse cross- section of a cylinder liner produced in accordance with the method of the present invention taken at 50Ox, and showing the microstructure of the cylinder liner. Best Modes for Carrying Out the Invention
  • the cylinder liners of the present invention are lighter and have a higher heat conductivity than the conventional cast iron liners and thus provide a significant reduction in cylinder operating temperatures as well as weight.
  • the invention provides a method for preparing a tubular sleeve liner which comprises preparing a cast composite material of non-metallic particles and an aluminum alloy having a high melting temperature, and extruding the composite material into a tubular sleeve.
  • the long tubular sleeve is extruded, and then cut into desired lengths for cylinder liners.
  • the high melting aluminum alloy is selected from Al- Mn, Al-Cr, Al-Ni, Al-Fe and Al-Cr-Zr alloys
  • the non-metallic particles are refractory particles selected from metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal carbides and metal suicides.
  • the refractory particles are particles of alumina.
  • the invention further provides a tubular sleeve or engine cylinder block liner made in accordance with the method of the present invention.
  • the cast aluminum alloy composite is first formed by a procedure such as that described in Skibo et al. PCT International Publication No. WO87/06624 published November 5, 1987 or as described in Lloyd et al., U.S. Application Serial No. 07/538,225, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated by reference herein.
  • the composite thus obtained is then cast by conventional direct chill casting to form an extrusion ingot. This ingot can then be extruded into a long tube, which is cut to the desired length.
  • Example 1 A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated by the following example.
  • Example 1 A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated by the following example.
  • the invention can be used to make engine block cylinder liners for automobile and other engines.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Engine block cylinder liners are formed from high melting temperature aluminum alloy composites. A cast composite is first formed from a high melting temperature aluminum alloy, e.g. Al-Mn, Al-Cr, Al-Ni, Al-Fe or Al-Cr-Zr, and refractory particles, e.g. alumina. This composite is then extruded into a tubular sleeve. If desired, a long tube may be extruded which is then cut into desired lengths. These new cylinder lines have the following desirable properties: high melting temperature, good strength at the service temperature, higher thermal conductivity than cast iron, good wear resistance and good corrosion resistance.

Description

Engine Block Cylinder Liners Made of Aluminum Alloy Composites
Technical Field
This invention relates to engine block cylinder liners made from high melting temperature aluminum alloy composites.
Background Art
The most widely used material for cylinder liners of lightweight aluminum alloy engine blocks is cast iron. The reasons that cast iron is used for the liners are:
(1) low cost; (2) high wear resistance; (3) high elevated temperature strength; and (4) high melting temperature.
However, cast iron has a high specific gravity and a low thermal conductivity. Aluminum alloys which have a high wear resistance, e.g. hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys can also be used as cylinder liner material.
However, when such material is used, there is a high risk of melting the liner during casting of the engine block, if the engine block is cast around the liner. It is the object of the present invention to provide a new liner based on an aluminum alloy which is capable of overcoming both the wear and casting problems.
Disclosure of the Invention
According to the present invention, it has been found that the above problems can be overcome by using as the material for the cylinder liners an aluminum alloy composite comprising an aluminum alloy having a high melting temperature reinforced with non-metallic refractory particles. A cast composite of the above materials is first prepared and this composite is then extruded to form a tubular sleeve. Preferably, a long tubular sleeve is extruded which is then cut to the desired length to form a cylinder liner.
A variety of aluminum alloys are available having higher melting temperatures than the engine block's alloys. Examples of these include Al-Mn, Al-Cr, Al-Ni,
Al-Fe and Al-Cr-Zr alloys. When these alloy are reinforced with ceramic particles, they attain the properties required for cylinder liners in high performance engines, i.e.: high melting temperature, good strength at the service temperature, higher thermal conductivity than cast iron, good wear resistance and good corrosion resistance. The ceramic particles may be selected from metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal carbides and metal suicides. Preferably, however, alumina is used.
Brief Description of the Drawings Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment with reference to the attached drawings in which:
FIG. 1(A) is a photomicrograph of a longitudinal cross-section of a cylinder liner produced in accordance with the method of the present invention taken at 200x, and showing the microstructure of the cylinder liner;
FIG. 1(B) is a photomicrograph similar to that of FIG. 1(A) but showing a transverse cross-section of the cylinder liner; and
FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph of a transverse cross- section of a cylinder liner produced in accordance with the method of the present invention taken at 50Ox, and showing the microstructure of the cylinder liner. Best Modes for Carrying Out the Invention
The cylinder liners of the present invention are lighter and have a higher heat conductivity than the conventional cast iron liners and thus provide a significant reduction in cylinder operating temperatures as well as weight.
The invention provides a method for preparing a tubular sleeve liner which comprises preparing a cast composite material of non-metallic particles and an aluminum alloy having a high melting temperature, and extruding the composite material into a tubular sleeve. The long tubular sleeve is extruded, and then cut into desired lengths for cylinder liners. The high melting aluminum alloy is selected from Al- Mn, Al-Cr, Al-Ni, Al-Fe and Al-Cr-Zr alloys, while the non-metallic particles are refractory particles selected from metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal carbides and metal suicides. Preferably, the refractory particles are particles of alumina.
The invention further provides a tubular sleeve or engine cylinder block liner made in accordance with the method of the present invention. In the procedure for making the cylinder liners of this invention, the cast aluminum alloy composite is first formed by a procedure such as that described in Skibo et al. PCT International Publication No. WO87/06624 published November 5, 1987 or as described in Lloyd et al., U.S. Application Serial No. 07/538,225, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated by reference herein. The composite thus obtained is then cast by conventional direct chill casting to form an extrusion ingot. This ingot can then be extruded into a long tube, which is cut to the desired length.
A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated by the following example. Example 1
An aluminum alloy containing 1% by weight of manganese and 0.15% by weight of magnesium admixed therewith 10% by volume of alumina powder using a system of the type shown in U.S. Application Serial No. 07/538,225. The molten composite was cast into a 17 cm diameter ingot by conventional direct chill casting. The ingot was extruded into tubes of two different sizes: (1) 78.3 mm ID/87.8 mm OD and (2) 85.7 mm ID/95.2 mm OD. Referring to FIGS. 1A, IB and 2, the microstructure of the liner so produced shows a fairly uniform distribution of alumina particles in the matrix and a good bonding between the particles and the matrix without any undesirable interface reaction product. Industrial Applicability
The invention can be used to make engine block cylinder liners for automobile and other engines.

Claims

Claims:
1. A method for preparing a tubular sleeve liner, characterized by: preparing a cast composite material of non-metallic particles and an aluminum alloy having a high melting temperature, and extruding the composite material into a tubular sleeve.
2. A method according to claim 1 characterized in that the high melting aluminum alloy is selected from Al-Mn, Al-Cr, Al-Ni, Al-Fe and Al-Cr-Zr alloys.
3. A method according to claim 2 characterized in that the non-metallic particles are refractory particles selected from metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal carbides and metal suicides.
4. A method according to claim 3 characterized in that the refractory particles are particles of alumina.
5. A method according to claim 3 characterized in that a long tubular sleeve is extruded, and then cut into desired lengths for cylinder liners.
6. An engine cylinder block liner characterized in that said liner is made in accordance with the process of claim 3.
7. An engine cylinder block liner characterized in that said liner is made in accordance with the process of claim 4.
8. An engine cylinder block liner characterized in that said liner is made in accordance with the process of claim 5.
9. A tubular sleeve, characterized in that said sleeve is made in accordance with the process of claim 3.
10. A tubular sleeve, characterized in that said sleeve is made in accordance with the process of claim 4.
11. A tubular sleeve, characterized in that said sleeve is made in accordance with the process of claim 5.
PCT/CA1992/000147 1991-04-10 1992-04-10 Engine block cylinder liners made of aluminum alloy composites Ceased WO1992018763A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US68331191A 1991-04-10 1991-04-10
US683,311 1991-04-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992018763A1 true WO1992018763A1 (en) 1992-10-29

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA1992/000147 Ceased WO1992018763A1 (en) 1991-04-10 1992-04-10 Engine block cylinder liners made of aluminum alloy composites

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1992018763A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0839589A1 (en) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-06 Alusuisse Technology & Management AG Method for producing a metallic profiled strand

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2344358A2 (en) * 1976-03-19 1977-10-14 Pechiney Aluminium NEW BLANKETS FOR IMPACT SPINNING
WO1987006624A1 (en) * 1986-05-01 1987-11-05 Dural Aluminum Composites Corporation Cast reinforced composite material
EP0367229A1 (en) * 1988-10-31 1990-05-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Heat-resistant, wear-resistant and high-strength Al-Si alloy, and cylinder liner employing same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2344358A2 (en) * 1976-03-19 1977-10-14 Pechiney Aluminium NEW BLANKETS FOR IMPACT SPINNING
WO1987006624A1 (en) * 1986-05-01 1987-11-05 Dural Aluminum Composites Corporation Cast reinforced composite material
EP0367229A1 (en) * 1988-10-31 1990-05-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Heat-resistant, wear-resistant and high-strength Al-Si alloy, and cylinder liner employing same

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0839589A1 (en) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-06 Alusuisse Technology & Management AG Method for producing a metallic profiled strand
WO1998019803A1 (en) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-14 Alusuisse Technology & Management Ag Process for extruding a metal section
US6360576B1 (en) 1996-11-04 2002-03-26 Alusuisse Technology & Management Ag Process for extruding a metal section

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