WO1992018437A1 - Harzardous waste containment system - Google Patents
Harzardous waste containment system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992018437A1 WO1992018437A1 PCT/US1992/002924 US9202924W WO9218437A1 WO 1992018437 A1 WO1992018437 A1 WO 1992018437A1 US 9202924 W US9202924 W US 9202924W WO 9218437 A1 WO9218437 A1 WO 9218437A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hazardous waste
- accordance
- composition
- waste containment
- containment system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/301—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
- G21F9/302—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in an inorganic matrix
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators or shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/002—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/16—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
- G21F9/162—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in an inorganic matrix, e.g. clays, zeolites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
- C04B2111/00784—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes for disposal only
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- hazardous wastes are wastes which are present in significantly large quantities, which contain hazardous or infectious substances, toxic chemicals or other contaminants and which for environmental or health reasons require disposal or containment.
- This invention is particularly well suited for the containment of hazardous wastes in the form of contaminated soils, contaminated sludges, contaminated water, mine tailings, radioactive waste and petroleum by-products.
- Petroleum by ⁇ products which are hazardous wastes include refinery by ⁇ products from the production of oil and gas, oil well tailings, refinery sludges, drilling mud and used motor oil.
- Hazardous wastes can include metal contaminants, organic contaminants and other contaminants.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
A hazardous waste containment composition or system is produced by combining magnesium oxide, a filler, magnesium chloride and hazardous waste. The composition is used to contain hazardous wastes for safe disposal. The composition is allowed to harden and forms a convenient, safe and economical mass which can be transported and stored.
Description
HAZARDOϋS WASTE CONTA-CHME^ gVfi TgH
TECHNICAL FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the containment of hazardous wastes in liquid and solid states.
Heavy industry, light industry, as well as other commercial, residential and medical uses create millions of tons of hazardous substances and toxic chemicals ("hazardous waste") each year. With the advent of tougher laws relating to the disposal of these hazardous wastes and the economic risks associated with their inappropriate handling, it has become increasingly important to effectively, safely and inexpensively contain hazardous wastes for disposal. Current disposal methods include sealing hazardous wastes in barrels or other containers. Hazardous wastes are also buried in lined and unlined pits. These disposal methods do not insure that hazardous wastes will not escape from containment through spills, leaching or other disturbances of the disposal site.
Current disposal methods offer the further disadvantage of great expense if numerous barrels or containers are required for disposal. It is known in the prior art to utilize portland cement to encase certain hazardous wastes. This method is has disadvantages, because it requires a great amount of portland cement to encase hazardous waste and the cement is not suitable for certain kinds of hazardous waste. Therefore, one objective of my invention is to find containment materials which can substitute for portland cement and/or which can contain hazardous waste for which portland cement is not suitable.
The inventor's father used a combination of magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride and powdered marble as a stucco material in the construction industry. The inventor has discovered that this stucco material (or improvements thereon) can be adapted for use as a material for containing hazardous waste.
Also known in the prior art is magnesium oxychloride.
Fillers including wood, flour, sawdust, sand, powdered stone and talc have been added to the magnesium oxychloride. It is also known to add copper powder to the magnesium oxychloride to minimize water solubility of the hardened mass. The inventor has discovered that magnesium oxychloride can be used as a material for containing hazardous waste.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION 2
An object of this invention is to provide a safe, inexpensive and effective material for containing hazardous wastes. Another object of this invention is to provide a hazardous waste containment system which inhibits leaching of organic and inorganic wastes out of the system and into surrounding soil or water. The hazardous wastes which can be contained by the inventive composition include, but are not limited to, contaminated soil, contaminated sludge, contaminated water, petroleum by-products, radioactive wastes and mine tailings. A further object of this invention is to provide a hazardous waste containment composition which can be used in extreme temperatures. A further object of this invention is to provide a hazardous waste containment composition which can limit the release of radiation from radioactive wastes encased in the composition. The inventive composition uses a combination of materials which when mixed with hazardous waste hardens into a solid form for ease in handling and disposal. The hazardous waste containment composition includes magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride and a hazardous waste, and preferably a filler. Magnesium sulfate can be substituted for magnesium chloride.
In its preferred embodiments, the inventive composition is comprised of a base mixture of magnesium oxide and a filler. Hazardous waste is added to the base mixture and then mixed with magnesium chloride to form a hazardous waste containment system. Other materials can be added to the base mixture for the more effective containment of various hazardous wastes. The materials can be mixed in any order. Fillers can include powdered stone, specifically, ground marble (calcite or dolomite) and ground quartz. Other fillers can be used in the composition. Examples of these fillers are carbonates: barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, and magnesium carbonate; fluorides: calcium fluoride and sodium aluminum fluoride; hydroxides: aluminum hydroxide; metals: aluminum and zinc; oxides: aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide (colloidal sol, diatomaceo.us, novaculite, pyrogenic, quartz flour, tripolite, and vitreous), titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide; silicates:
clay, calcium silicate, feldspar, glass, mica, nepheline, perlite, pyrophyllite, talc, wollastonite; sulfates: barium sulfate and calcium sulfate; sulfides: lithopone and zinc sulfide; cellulose: cork, corn cob, flock, shell flour and wood flour. Materials which have been found to provide increased effectiveness of the containment composition either singly or in combination are bentonite/taylorite (or other natural clay) which absorbs water; or perlite (or obsidian, a volcanic glass). The composition is prepared by making a base mixture with the ingredients mixed in various proportions depending upon the hazardous waste to be contained. The hazardous waste is then added to the base mixture and then mixed thoroughly with a magnesium chloride solution and allowed to harden.
Hundreds of substances have been identified by the federal government as hazardous waste. A list of toxic chemicals can be found at 40 CFR § 261.24 Table 1. A list of hazardous wastes and non-specific and specific sources can be found at 40
CFR § 261.31(a) and 40 CFR S 261.32 respectively. Additional lists of hazardous waste can be found at the following citations:
40 CFR 261.33 Discarded commercial chemical products, off-specification species, container residues, and spill residues thereof.
40 CFR 372.65 Specific Toxic Chemical Listings
40 CFR 355.50 Appendix A. - Appendix B. List of
Extremely Hazardous Substances and Their Threshold Planning Quantities.
40 CFR 302.4 List of Hazardous Substances and Reportable
Quantities.
Appendix A. Sequential CAS Registry Number List of CERCLA Hazardous Substances
Appendix B. Radionuclides
The foregoing references are incorporated by reference herein.
Other designations of hazardous waste can be found and additional hazardous substances and toxic chemicals may be added to the above-referenced lists. As used herein, hazardous wastes are wastes which are present in significantly large
quantities, which contain hazardous or infectious substances, toxic chemicals or other contaminants and which for environmental or health reasons require disposal or containment. This invention is particularly well suited for the containment of hazardous wastes in the form of contaminated soils, contaminated sludges, contaminated water, mine tailings, radioactive waste and petroleum by-products. Petroleum by¬ products which are hazardous wastes include refinery by¬ products from the production of oil and gas, oil well tailings, refinery sludges, drilling mud and used motor oil. Hazardous wastes can include metal contaminants, organic contaminants and other contaminants.
In addition to the foregoing, hazardous wastes also include disposable medical wastes including medical by¬ products, used disposable medical devices and materials, blades, sutures, staples, electrodes, tubing, filters, slides, and discarded medicines. Medical devices include, but are not limited to, syringes, catheters, swabs, gauze, bandages, tape, vials, test tubes, pipettes, dressings and probes. Medical materials include masks, gloves, drapes, caps and shoe covers. Discarded medicines can also include anesthetics, washes, disinfectants, sterilizing fluids, and other drugs or agents.
Hazardous waste, in various proportions, is mixed with magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride and the mass is allowed to harden. Once the composition has hardened, it can be disposed of by burying in lined or unlined pits or stored in hazardous waste containment facilities. The composition can be disposed of in barrels or if necessary, larger quantities of the waste can be poured into molds to harden. The latter method provides a cost effective way to dispose of large quantities of waste. The resulting hardened material can then be more easily moved by large equipment to final disposal sites.
One of the chief concerns in the containment of hazardous wastes is the elimination of possible leaching of the hazardous waste into surrounding soil or groundwater. The inventive composition inhibits leaching of the contained substance out of the hardened composition. Once hardened, the inventive
composition is harder than portland cement which has been used to contain hazardous waste. The inventive composition is also more cost effective than the use of portland cement. More hazardous waste can be contained by a smaller amount of material than currently used in prior art disposal methods.
The inventive composition is also effective in containing nonhazardous wastes such as fly ash, bottom ash, non hazardous sludge, municipal waste, trash and garbage. BEST MODE DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A base mixture for containing hazardous waste is prepared by mixing together magnesium oxide and a filler. In the preferred embodiment, the filler is a powdered stone, preferably ground marble or ground quartz. Hazardous waste and a solution magnesium chloride (in the form of a magnesium chloride solution) are added to make a hazardous waste containment system or composition. Magnesium oxide is available in several forms. For best results, a fine powder or a calcined form are used. The inventor has located a source for the magnesium oxide from Premier Services Corporation under the trademarks "Oxymag" and "Magox" for the fine powdered form and calcined form respectively. The inventor has obtained best results using a feed grade magnesium oxide (i.e. magnesium oxide commercially available as a feed for livestock). The filler used in the preferred embodiment is a powdered marble, or marble dust. The inventor uses an athletic field marker available from Basins, Inc. of Wheatland, Wyoming under the trademark "Wyoming Whiteline". The preferred filler is a powdered marble containing very low amounts of calcium. High amounts of calcium have been found to impede the effectiveness of the composition. Alternative fillers can be used in place of the powdered marble. Best results, however, are achieved by the use of inert fillers similar in chemical composition to powdered stone.
Magnesium chloride crystals (hexahydrate crystals) are mixed with tap water to make a magnesium chloride solution which is mixed with the base mixture and a hazardous waste. The magnesium chloride solution is made by mixing two pounds of magnesium chloride crystals with each gallon of tap water.
Alternatively, magnesium chloride brine can be purchased in a premixed solution. As an alternative, magnesium sulfate can be used as a substitute for magnesium chloride.
The base mixture is made by mixing the ingredients in volumetric proportions, usually in bulk. In the preferred embodiment, two parts of magnesium oxide are mixed with three parts of powdered marble. The proportions may differ for other fillers. This embodiment of the composition is preferred for containment of hazardous wastes found in a solid form. This embodiment is also effective for containment of hazardous wastes with some liquid mixed with the solids. Other embodiments, however, are preferred for contaminated water. Up to six parts of a solid hazardous waste is mixed with one part of the premixed, base mixture. Three parts of the magnesium chloride solution is then added to this base mixture and hazardous waste. The composition is thoroughly mixed and allowed to harden. Depending upon the type of hazardous waste, more or less magnesium chloride solution can be added until the composition forms a thick, pasty consistency. For example, if the hazardous waste contains high quantities of liquid, less magnesium chloride solution can be used. The materials can be mixed in various proportions capable of hardening into a mass containing waste. More or less of a particular ingredient can be used without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention. DESCRIPTION OF A SECOND PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
For best results in the containment of hazardous wastes which are made up in whole or in part of petroleum by-products, the above formula for the base mixture is modified by the addition of one or two additional ingredients. Perlite and/or bentonite can be added to the magnesium oxide and filler to produce a base mixture which is effective in containing petroleum by-product hazardous wastes. Perlite or other volcanic glass such as obsidian can be also used. Bentonite/Taylorite is a natural clay which expands upon contact with water. Both perlite and bentonite can be added. In this embodiment, the base mixture is comprised of four parts of magnesium oxide, one part of bentonite, six parts of filler.
and eight parts of perlite. As in the previous embodiment, the filler can be ground stone. In the preferred embodiment, ground marble is used as the filler. Up to six parts of the magnesium chloride solution are mixed into the base mixture along with up to eighteen parts of petroleum-based hazardous waste. The composition is thoroughly mixed and allowed to harden.
DESCRIPTION OF A THIRD PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
For best results in containing hazardous wastes which are made up in whole or in part of contaminated water, the above formula for the base mixture is further modified by the addition of sand. As used here, the term "contaminated water" includes, but is not limited to, water containing metal contaminants and organic contaminants. For this embodiment of the inventive composition, the base mixture is made by combining two parts of magnesium oxide, two parts of bentonite, two parts of filler, five parts of perlite and five parts of sand. In the preferred embodiment, the filler is a ground stone such as marble or quartz. As in the previous embodiment, bentonite can be replaced by another natural clay and perlite can be replaced by another volcanic glass or similar material. One part of the basic mixture is added to nine parts of a magnesium chloride solution made with the contaminated water. Magnesium chloride crystals are added directly to the contaminated water in proportions similar to those set forth above, (i.e., 2 pounds of crystals to each gallon of contaminated water. )
In each of the above examples (embodiments), the amount of magnesium chloride solution added to the base mixture and hazardous waste can vary to form a composition of a thick, pasty consistency. The formulas can vary to adapt to the absorption tendencies of the hazardous waste. Amounts of the ingredients can be varied to increase or decrease the strength of the final hardened composition. Additional fillers can be added to contain organic hazardous wastes.
The relative amounts or proportions of the various components in the inventive composition or system are subject to variation but should be such that upon mixing or combining
of the components a liquid or liquid-like consistency is initially obtained and, thereafter, the composition or systems hardens to form a solid containment composition or system.
Substitutions for listed ingredients can be made to the composition. Bentonite can be replaced by other clays. Perlite can be replaced by other volcanic glass. Sand can be replaced by other inert, inorganic materials. Copper fines, or other copper containing compounds, can be added to the composition to decrease the water solubility of the hardened composition which inhibits the escape of hazardous waste from the composition and into the surrounding environment.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific predefined embodiments, the descriptions are illustrative of the invention and are not to be considered as limiting the invention. Various modifications, substitutions and applications may occur to those skilled in the relevant art without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A hazardous waste containment system comprising:
(a) containment material comprising: (i) magnesium oxide, and
(ii) magnesium chloride, and
(b) hazardous waste contained by said containment material.
2. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said containment material further comprises a filler.
3. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 2 wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of ground marble and ground quartz.
4. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 2 wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium fluoride, sodium aluminum fluoride, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum, zinc, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, clay, calcium silicate, feldspar, glass, mica, nepheline, perlite, pyrophyllite, talc, wollastonite, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, lithopone, zinc sulfide, cork, corn cob, flock, shell flour and wood flour.
5. A hazardous waste containment system as in Claim 2 further comprising bentonite.
6. A hazardous waste containment system as in Claim 2 further comprising perlite.
7. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said hazardous waste comprises mine tailings.
8. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said hazardous waste comprises radioactive waste.
9. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said hazardous waste comprises contaminated soil.
10. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said hazardous waste comprises a heavy metal which is selected from the group consisting of zinc, cobalt and lead and which is in a hazardous waste form.
11. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said hazardous waste comprises a petroleum by-product.
12. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said magnesium oxide is a feed grade magnesium oxide.
13. A hazardous waste containment composition produced by:
(a) forming a composition by combining: (i) magnesium oxide;
(ii) magnesium chloride in solution, and (iii) hazardous waste, and
(b) allowing said composition to harden.
14. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 13 wherein a filler is included in said composition.
15. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 14 wherein said filler is ground stone.
16. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 14 wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of ground marble and ground quartz.
17. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 14 wherein said hazardous waste comprises mine tailings.
18. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 14 wherein said hazardous waste comprises radioactive waste.
19. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 14 wherein said hazardous waste comprises contaminated soil.
20. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 14 wherein said hazardous waste comprises contaminated sludge.
21. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 14 wherein said hazardous waste comprises a petroleum by-product.
22. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 14 wherein said magnesium oxide is a feed grade magnesium oxide.
23. A hazardous waste containment composition produced by:
(a) forming a composition by combining: (i) magnesium oxide,
(ii) magnesium chloride, and (iii) hazardous waste, and
(b) allowing said composition to harden.
24. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 23 wherein a filler is included in said composition.
25. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance Claim 24 wherein said filler is ground stone.
26. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 24 wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of ground marble and ground quartz.
27. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 24 wherein said magnesium oxide is a feed grade magnesium oxide.
28. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 24 wherein said hazardous waste comprises a petroleum by-product.
29. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 23 wherein said hazardous waste comprises contaminated water.
30. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 29 wherein bentonite is included in said composition.
31. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 29 wherein perlite is included in said composition.
32. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 23 wherein said hazardous waste comprises contaminated sludge.
33. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 32 wherein bentonite is included in said composition. 12
34. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 32 wherein perlite is included in said composition.
35. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 23 wherein said magnesium chloride is in solution.
36. A hazardous waste containment system comprising:
(a) a containment material comprising (i) magnesium oxide, and
(ii) magnesium chloride, and
(b) disposable medical waste contained by said containment material.
37. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 36 wherein said containment material further comprises at least one filler.
38. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 37 wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of powdered marble and powdered quartz.
39. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 37 wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium fluoride, sodium aluminum fluoride, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum, zinc, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, clay, calcium silicate, feldspar, glass, mica, nepheline, perlite, p rophyllite, talc, wollastonite, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, lithopone, zinc sulfide, cork, corn cob, flock, shell flour and wood flour.
40. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 36 wherein said medical waste is selected from the group consisting of blades, sutures, staples, electrodes, tubing, filters, slides, syringes, catheters, swabs, gauze, bandages, tape, vials, test tubes, pipettes, dressings, probes, masks, gloves, drapes, caps, shoe covers, medicines, anesthetics, drugs, disinfectants, and sterilizing fluids.
41. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 36 wherein said magnesium oxide is a feed grade magnesium oxide.
42. A hazardous waste containment system comprising:
(a) magnesium oxychloride, and
(b) hazardous waste contained by said magnesium oxychloride.
43. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 42 wherein said magnesium oxychloride includes at least one filler.
44. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 43 wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of ground marble and ground quartz.
45. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 42 wherein said hazardous waste comprises mine tailings.
46. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 42 wherein said hazardous waste comprises radioactive waste.
47. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 42 wherein said hazardous waste comprises contaminated soil.
48. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 42 wherein said hazardous waste comprises contaminated sludge.
49. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 42 wherein said hazardous waste comprises a petroleum by-product.
50. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 49 wherein said petroleum by-product hazardous waste is selected from the group consisting of refinery by-products, oil well tailings, drilling mud and used motor oil.
51. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 42 wherein said hazardous waste comprises contaminated water.
52. A hazardous waste containment system comprising:
(a) magnesium oxychloride, and
(b) disposable medical waste contained by said magnesium oxychloride.
53. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 52 wherein said magnesium oxychloride includes at least one filler.
54. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 53 wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of ground marble and ground quartz.
55. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 52 wherein said medical waste is selected from the group consisting of blades, sutures, staples, electrodes, tubing, filters, slides, syringes, catheters, swabs, gauze, bandages, tape, vials, test tubes, pipettes, dressings, probes, masks, gloves, drapes, caps, shoe covers, medicines, anesthetics, drugs, disinfectants and sterilizing fluids.
56. A hazardous waste containment composition produced by:
(a) forming a composition by combining: (i) magnesium oxide,
(ii) a member selected from the group consisting of magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate, and
(iii) hazardous waste, and
(b) allowing said composition to harden.
57. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 56 wherein (ii) is magnesium sulfate.
58. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 57 wherein at least one filler is included in said composition.
59. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 58 wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of ground marble and ground quartz.
60. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 57 wherein said magnesium sulfate is in solution.
61. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 57 wherein said hazardous waste comprises mine tailings.
62. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 57 wherein said hazardous waste comprises radioactive waste.
63. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 57 wherein said hazardous waste comprises contaminated soil.
64. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 57 wherein said hazardous waste comprises contaminated sludge.
65. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 57 wherein said hazardous waste comprises contaminated water.
66. A hazardous waste containment composition in accordance with Claim 57 wherein said hazardous waste comprises a petroleum by-product.
67. A hazardous waste containment system produced by:
(a) forming a system by combining: (i) magnesium oxide,
(ii) a member selected from the group consisting of magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate, and
(iii) a medical waste, and
(b) allowing said system to harden.
68. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 67 wherein (ii) is magnesium sulfate.
69. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 68 wherein said magnesium sulfate is in solution.
70. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 68 wherein at least one filler is included in said system.
71. Aa hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 70 wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of ground marble and ground quartz.
72. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 68 wherein said medical waste is selected from the group consisting of blades, sutures, staples, electrodes, tubing, filters, slides, syringes, catheters, swabs, gauze, bandages, tape, vials, test tubes, pipettes, dressings, probes, masks, gloves, drapes, caps, shoe covers, medicines, anesthetics, drugs, disinfectants and sterilizing fluids.
73. A hazardous waste containment system in accordance with Claim 68 wherein said magnesium oxide is a feed grade magnesium oxide.
74. A waste containment system comprising:
(a) a containment material comprising: (i) magnesium oxide, and
(ii) a member of the group consisting of magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate, and
(b) non hazardous waste contained by said composition.
75. A waste containment system in accordance with Claim
74 wherein said nonhazardous waste is selected from the group consisting of fly ash, bottom ash, nonhazardous sludge, municipal waste, trash and garbage.
76. A waste containment system in accordance with Claim
75 wherein said containment material further comprises a filler.
77. A waste containment system in accordance with Claim
76 wherein said filler is selected from a group consisting of ground marble and ground quartz.
78. A waste containment system in accordance with Claim 75 wherein said magnesium oxide is a feed grade magnesium oxide.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68280891A | 1991-04-10 | 1991-04-10 | |
| US682,808 | 1991-04-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1992018437A1 true WO1992018437A1 (en) | 1992-10-29 |
Family
ID=24741219
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1992/002924 Ceased WO1992018437A1 (en) | 1991-04-10 | 1992-04-08 | Harzardous waste containment system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU1758992A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992018437A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0571292A1 (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-11-24 | Ecole Centrale De Nantes | Process for reducing the nocuosness of particulate wastes |
| FR2712829A1 (en) * | 1993-11-26 | 1995-06-02 | Pichat Philippe | Process for the manufacture of a solid by mixing hydrates of alkaline earth oxides and hydrates of heavy metal oxides. |
| AT402729B (en) * | 1996-04-15 | 1997-08-25 | Ica Innoconsult Ag | Water-resistant Sorel's cement composition |
| EP0989965A4 (en) * | 1997-05-29 | 2000-11-02 | Periclase Pty Ltd | CAPSULE OF HAZARDOUS WASTE |
| US6399848B1 (en) | 1997-05-29 | 2002-06-04 | Dolomatrix International Limited | Encapsulation of hazardous waste materials |
| WO2003002820A1 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-01-09 | Sunhawk Pty Ltd | Stabilising surfaces with magnesium cements |
| WO2003093190A1 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2003-11-13 | Dolomatrix International Limited | Treatment of hazardous waste material |
| EP2221285A1 (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-08-25 | Ecotech Polka Sp. z.o.o. | Composition and method for stabilising environmentally-harmful substances; use of non-ferrous metal salts and oxides to stabilise environmentally-harmful substances with caustic magnesium oxide |
| WO2015018874A1 (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-12 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Method for treating and/or inerting a strongly saline, possibly contaminated solution |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US757883A (en) * | 1903-12-02 | 1904-04-19 | Thomas W Cappon | Cementing material and process of making same. |
| US2526837A (en) * | 1948-04-19 | 1950-10-24 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Magnesia cements and process of making |
| US2745759A (en) * | 1950-11-17 | 1956-05-15 | Basic Inc | Cementitious composition |
| US3447938A (en) * | 1966-08-08 | 1969-06-03 | V R B Associates Inc | Lightweight high-strength cement compositions |
| US3495997A (en) * | 1965-10-20 | 1970-02-17 | Domtar Ltd | Magnesium oxychloride cement |
| US3816147A (en) * | 1969-05-26 | 1974-06-11 | V R B Ass Inc | Light-weight high-strength cement compositions using hydrolyzed organic material |
| JPS5218731A (en) * | 1975-08-06 | 1977-02-12 | Godo Kagaku Kougiyou Kk | Production method of solidified slag |
| US4432666A (en) * | 1979-12-14 | 1984-02-21 | Vfi, Verwertungsgesellschaft Fur Industrieruckstande Mbh | Process for the storage and dumping of waste materials |
-
1992
- 1992-04-08 AU AU17589/92A patent/AU1758992A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-04-08 WO PCT/US1992/002924 patent/WO1992018437A1/en not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US757883A (en) * | 1903-12-02 | 1904-04-19 | Thomas W Cappon | Cementing material and process of making same. |
| US2526837A (en) * | 1948-04-19 | 1950-10-24 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Magnesia cements and process of making |
| US2745759A (en) * | 1950-11-17 | 1956-05-15 | Basic Inc | Cementitious composition |
| US3495997A (en) * | 1965-10-20 | 1970-02-17 | Domtar Ltd | Magnesium oxychloride cement |
| US3447938A (en) * | 1966-08-08 | 1969-06-03 | V R B Associates Inc | Lightweight high-strength cement compositions |
| US3816147A (en) * | 1969-05-26 | 1974-06-11 | V R B Ass Inc | Light-weight high-strength cement compositions using hydrolyzed organic material |
| JPS5218731A (en) * | 1975-08-06 | 1977-02-12 | Godo Kagaku Kougiyou Kk | Production method of solidified slag |
| US4432666A (en) * | 1979-12-14 | 1984-02-21 | Vfi, Verwertungsgesellschaft Fur Industrieruckstande Mbh | Process for the storage and dumping of waste materials |
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| Title |
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| CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, 13 August 1979, (POJASEK), "Solid-waste disposal: Solidification", pp. 141-145. * |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0571292A1 (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-11-24 | Ecole Centrale De Nantes | Process for reducing the nocuosness of particulate wastes |
| FR2712829A1 (en) * | 1993-11-26 | 1995-06-02 | Pichat Philippe | Process for the manufacture of a solid by mixing hydrates of alkaline earth oxides and hydrates of heavy metal oxides. |
| US5599272A (en) * | 1993-11-26 | 1997-02-04 | Pichat; Philippe | Method for the manufacture of a solid by the mixing of hydrates of alkaline earth oxides and hydrates of heavy metal oxides |
| AT402729B (en) * | 1996-04-15 | 1997-08-25 | Ica Innoconsult Ag | Water-resistant Sorel's cement composition |
| EP0989965A4 (en) * | 1997-05-29 | 2000-11-02 | Periclase Pty Ltd | CAPSULE OF HAZARDOUS WASTE |
| US6399848B1 (en) | 1997-05-29 | 2002-06-04 | Dolomatrix International Limited | Encapsulation of hazardous waste materials |
| WO2003002820A1 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-01-09 | Sunhawk Pty Ltd | Stabilising surfaces with magnesium cements |
| US7585270B2 (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2009-09-08 | Dolomatrix International Limited | Treatment of hazardous waste material |
| WO2003093190A1 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2003-11-13 | Dolomatrix International Limited | Treatment of hazardous waste material |
| KR101024697B1 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2011-03-25 | 돌로매트릭스 인터내셔날 리미티드 | Hazardous Waste Disposal Method |
| EP2221285A1 (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-08-25 | Ecotech Polka Sp. z.o.o. | Composition and method for stabilising environmentally-harmful substances; use of non-ferrous metal salts and oxides to stabilise environmentally-harmful substances with caustic magnesium oxide |
| US8685157B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2014-04-01 | Ecotech Polska Sp. Z O.O. | Composition and method for stabilizing environmentally-harmful substances; use of non-ferrous metal salts and oxides to stabilize environmentally-harmful substances with caustic magnesium oxide |
| WO2015018874A1 (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-12 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Method for treating and/or inerting a strongly saline, possibly contaminated solution |
| FR3009550A1 (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-13 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | PROCESS FOR TREATING AND / OR INERTING A HIGHLY SALTED SOLUTION POSSIBLY CONTAMINATED |
| FR3009551A1 (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-13 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | PROCESS FOR TREATING AND / OR INERTING A HIGHLY SALTED SOLUTION POSSIBLY CONTAMINATED |
| JP2016534864A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2016-11-10 | コミッサリア ア レネルジー アトミーク エ オ ゼネルジ ザルタナテイヴ | Method for treating and / or inactivating a potentially contaminated solution of strong salt |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU1758992A (en) | 1992-11-17 |
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