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WO1992001399A1 - Crampons de chaussure - Google Patents

Crampons de chaussure Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992001399A1
WO1992001399A1 PCT/GB1991/001149 GB9101149W WO9201399A1 WO 1992001399 A1 WO1992001399 A1 WO 1992001399A1 GB 9101149 W GB9101149 W GB 9101149W WO 9201399 A1 WO9201399 A1 WO 9201399A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stud
footwear
anchorage
article
enlargement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1991/001149
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Roy Collins
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trisport Ltd
Original Assignee
Trisport Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB909015809A external-priority patent/GB9015809D0/en
Application filed by Trisport Ltd filed Critical Trisport Ltd
Publication of WO1992001399A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992001399A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
    • A43C15/00—Non-skid devices or attachments
    • A43C15/16—Studs or cleats for football or like boots
    • A43C15/162—Studs or cleats for football or like boots characterised by the shape
    • A43C15/164—Studs or cleats for football or like boots characterised by the shape having a circular cross section
    • A43C15/165—Studs or cleats for football or like boots characterised by the shape having a circular cross section pointed or conical, e.g. calks, spikes, pins

Definitions

  • This invention relates to studs for footwear and to footwear incorporating those studs.
  • stud is used herein to denote generally any form of local projection that in use can engage the ground, the term therefore including both blunt projections and sharp projections of the kind sometimes referred to as spikes.
  • both studs and articles of footwear are described herein as if they are in the orientations they normally assume when they are in use.
  • Studded footwear is often worn by people playing sports or games.
  • a problem that tends to arise is that studs projecting from the articles of footwear become worn with the result that they become less effective than they were initially.
  • studs, or at least those parts thereof that in use engage the ground to be made of relatively hard, wear-resistant metal. Nevertheless, it is usual for studs to be such that they can be removed and replaced with fresh ones.
  • An aim of the present invention is to provide a form of stud that involves less complexity.
  • the present invention consists in a stud for footwear comprising a body forming an operative portion and an anchorage portion for anchorage of the stud within a lower part of an article of footwear and from which the operative portion projects, the operative portion comprising a ground-engaging portion of hard, wear-resistant material.
  • a stud in accordance with the invention can be made sufficiently wear-resistant to last for the life of the article of footwear in which it is incorporated.
  • the hard, wear-resistant material is preferably a sintered or cemented material and may incorporate tungsten carbide and/or cobalt.
  • the operative portion is preferably formed with a longitudinally extending hole which is closed at its lower end, that is at the end further from the anchorage portion.
  • the wall-thickness of the body or of most of " the body is preferably substantially uniform.
  • the exterior of the operative portion is preferably of tapered shape, becoming narrower with increasing distance from the anchorage portion.
  • the lower end of the operative portion, that is the end further from the anchorage portion presents the tip of the stud which may be of rounded shape and may blend with the neighbouring part of the remainder or stem of the operative portion.
  • the lower end of the operative portions may be of some other shape; for example it may be flat or it may have sharp edges extending generally lengthwise of the operative portion.
  • studs embodying the present invention would usually be of a form comprising an anchorage portion with a single operative portion for ground-engagement, but it is within the scope of the present invention to provide a stud of a form comprising an anchorage portion with two or more operative portions for ground-engagement.
  • the anchorage portion would ordinarily be in the form of a radially enlarged head on the operative portion, and it preferably terminates the body so that no part of the body projects significantly above the anchorage portion.
  • the anchorage portion is preferably of generally circular outline, or so shaped as to fit within a notional circle, with the operative portion projecting axially from it.
  • the anchorage portion may be in the form of a plate or disc, and one or more apertures may extend through that plate. Alternatively it may comprise a plurality of radially extending arms. A lateral extension or lateral extensions may extend from one or more of the radial arms and extend towards a neighbouring arm or arms or link two or more arms together.
  • the present invention consists in a method of making a stud for footwear that is in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention, the method comprising the steps of forming an intimate mixture of particulate material and a binder, the particulate material comprising one or more substances that can be sintered or cemented together to form a hard, wear-resistant material, moulding the mixture to form a blank in the shape of the desired body, heating the blank to cause the binder to leave the blank and further heating the blank to a higher temperature to cause the remaining particulate material to be sintered or cemented so that it is converged into the body.
  • That blank is preferably formed by an injection-moulding process. It is preferred to provide a body of a design which avoids, as far as possible, any relatively thick sections and any significant variations in thickness. In this way, it is found that any tendency to distortion of the body is reduced and that any tendency brittleness is also reduced. Moreover, the cycle-time for the manufacture of the bodies can also be kept relatively short.
  • a process for the manufacture of sintered metallic articles comprises the steps of forming an intimate mixture of a binder and particulate metallic material, forming from the mixture by an injection-moulding process a blank in the shape of the desired article, heating the blank to cause the binder to leave the blank and further heating the blank to cause the remaining particulate material to be sintered so that it is converted into the article. That process is usually referred to as metal injection moulding (MIM) .
  • MIM metal injection moulding
  • the process used in carrying out a method in accordance with the present invention may use some or all of the techniques used in metal injection moulding. In conventional metal injection moulding the particulate metallic material becomes sintered to form a strong body.
  • the particulate material may comprise a mixture of tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co) particles which become cemented together as in the product often loosely referred to as 'tungsten carbide'.
  • WC tungsten carbide
  • Co cobalt
  • the cementation process that occurs in the formation of 'tungsten carbide' may actually be a form of sintering but whether or not that is so, it is to be understood that the present invention is broad enough in scope to include that type of cementation process and analogous cementation processes.
  • the blank In carrying out a method in accordance with the second aspect of the present invention it is normal for the blank to shrink considerably as it is converted into a body constituting a stud.
  • the shrinkage may, for example, result in a reduction in volume of between 20% and 30%.
  • Bodies made from similarly shaped blanks may themselves differ slightly in their shapes or dimensions but in general it is found that this is unimportant as the preferred methods in which the anchorage portions are anchored within the lower parts of articles of footwear do not require absolute uniformity in the shapes or dimensions of the anchorage portions.
  • slight variations in the shapes or dimensions of the projecting parts of the operative portions are normally entirely immaterial and unnoticeable.
  • studs in accordance with the present invention differ from removable and replaceable studs of the kinds previously employed and which generally need to be made to extremely high tolerances if they are to be reliable in use.
  • the present invention consists in a stud for footwear that is made by a method in accordance with the second aspect of the present inventio .
  • the present invention consists in a method of making a lower part of an article of footwear in which at least one stud in accordance with the first aspect or the third aspect of the present invention is disposed with its anchorage portion situated within that lower part so that in use it is spaced below a user's foot, while the operative portion projects downwards from said lower part.
  • Said lower part may comprise a sole or a heel for an article of footwear or a combined sole and heel.
  • Said lower part may be of laminated form, for example one or more of the component laminae may be of leather, in which case the anchorage portion may be sandwiched between component laminae of the lower part.
  • said lower part may be made as a moulding, such as an injection moulding, in which case the anchorage portion may be so disposed that the moulding is formed around the anchorage portion with the result that the anchorage portion becomes embedded in the moulding.
  • the stud preferably includes a separately-formed enlargement which is in use situated within said lower part and which is operative ⁇ in use, when forces are applied to the stud and give rise to resultant forces applied by the stud to the interior of the lower portion, to distribute those resultant forces more widely in the interior of the lower portion than would be the case if the enlargement were not present.
  • the enlargement is preferably attached permanently to the body to form with the body a stud of composite construction.
  • the enlargement is preferably flexible and so formed as to be less hard than the body and more hard than said lower portion; in other words the enlargement is more yielding than the body but less yielding than said lower portion.
  • the enlargement is preferably resilient. In use, when forces are applied to a stud incorporating an enlargement with those properties, the enlargement flexes resiliently and the lower portion in which it is embedded also yields.
  • the enlargement may be formed from a plastics or similar material and may be formed around the anchorage portion by a moulding operation.
  • the enlargement and said lower part may be such that the enlargement becomes adhesively attached to or bonded to the lower portion when the lower portion is moulded around the enlargement.
  • the enlargement may be made of high density polyethylene and the lower part may be made of polyurethane.
  • the enlargement may be formed with recesses or holes- in its outer surface which are entered by the material forming said lower part whereby a mechanical engagement or linkage is formed between the enlargement and said lower part.
  • the present invention consists in an article of footwear incorporating a lower part made by a method in accordance with the fourth aspect of the present invention.
  • Articles of footwear embodying the present invention may be designed and intended for use for any of a wide range of purposes. As indicated above, they may be designed and intended for use in sports and games. Examples of sports and games for which such articles of footwear may be designed and intended are golf, cricket, baseball and track and field sports such as running; that list however is given solely by way of example and is not to be considered as being comprehensive.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of a stud embodying the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a section along the line 2-2 of Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of another form of stud embodying the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of yet another -form of stud embodying the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a section similar to that of Figure 2 but illustrating yet another form of stud embodying the present invention and neighbouring parts of an outsole in which it is embedded.
  • the stud illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 is suitable for incorporation in a golf shoe. It comprises a unitary body 1, made in a manner described below, comprising an operative portion 2 for ground-engagement and a radially enlarged head forming an anchorage portion 3 for anchorage within a lower part of an article of footwear.
  • the exterior of the operative portion 2 is of tapered shape, becoming narrower with increasing distance from the anchorage portion 3 , and is formed with a correspondingly tapered hole 4 which is open at its upper end and closed at its lower end.
  • the lower end of the operative portion 2 presents a tip 5 of rounded shape which blends with the neighbouring part of the remainder or stem of the operative portion.
  • the anchorage portion 3 terminates the body so that no part of the body projects above the anchorage portion.
  • the anchorage portion is of circular outline, with the operative portion projecting axially from it.
  • the anchorage portion is in the shape of a plate or disc formed with four apertures 6 which extend through the disc.
  • the anchorage portion may be thought of as comprising four radially extending arms formed at their outer ends with lateral extensions which link each arm to its neighbouring arms.
  • the wall thickness of most of the body is substantially uniform, there being a slight local increase in thickness adjacent to the tip 5.
  • the body 1 In manufacture of the body 1, there is made an intimate mixture of substances in particulate form and a binder.
  • the substances preferably comprise tungsten carbide and cobalt.
  • the binder is appropriate for those substances and is of the same general kind as the binders currently used in metal injection moulding.
  • the mixture is formed into a blank by an injection moulding technique.
  • the blank is of substantially the same shape as that of the body 1 but is between 20% and 30% larger in volume. The blank is then heated in two stages.
  • the blank In the first stage the blank is heated to a first temperature (which may be about 500°C) such that the binder caused to leave the blank, and in the second stage the blank is heated to a second temperature, higher than the first, (and which may be about 1600°C) so as to cause the metallic substances to become sintered or cemented together, this completing the conversion of the blank into the body.
  • a first temperature which may be about 500°C
  • a second temperature higher than the first, (and which may be about 1600°C) so as to cause the metallic substances to become sintered or cemented together
  • each stud may comprise a body similar to the body 1.
  • the sole and the heel of the shoe may each be made as an injection moulding of a flexible and resilient plastics material such as polyurethane. Bodies similar to the body 1 are mounted in the moulds so that when the plastics material is injected into the moulds the anchorage portions become embedded within the sole and heel and are spaced from both the upper and lower surfaces of the mouldings. Plastics material extends through the apertures 6 and assists in anchoring the bodies in place. The operative portions project downwards below the lower surfaces of the mouldings so that in use they can engage the ground. The completed sole and heel are then incorporated into the golf shoe.
  • the sole and heel are moulded as a single, unitary component which is subsequently incorporated into the shoe.
  • the sole and heel are of laminated form and may for example comprise laminae of leather.
  • holes are formed in a lowermost layer comprising one or more laminae and the operative portions of the bodies are pushed through the holes from above until the anchorage portions engage the upper surface of the lowermost layer.
  • a further layer, which is imperforate and also comprises one or more laminae, is superimposed on the lowermost layer so that the anchorage portions are trapped or sandwiched between the layers. The result and assembly is then incorporated in the golf shoe.
  • the studs should remain in the golf shoe for the full life of the golf shoe as they are strong enough to avoid undue wear in normal use.
  • the stud illustrated in Figure 3 differs from that shown in Figures 1 and 2 only in that the anchorage portion 7 thereof comprises a plurality of radially projecting arms 8.
  • the arms are of uniform length so that the anchorage portion fits within a notional circle; the axis of the operative portion extends through the centre of that circle and is normal to a plane containing that circle.
  • the arms 8 are of uniform depth, similar to that of the anchorage portion 3.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a modification in which the anchorage portion 9 comprises four arms 10 which project radially outwards and are provided at their outer ends with lateral extensions 11 of arcuate shape extending towards neighbouring arms.
  • the anchorage portion is again shaped to fit within a notional circle.
  • anchorage portions 3 and 9, shown in Figures 1 and 4 respectively may be modified in such a manner that each has only three radially projecting arms instead of four, those three arms again being uniformly spaced at 120° around the axis of the stud.
  • Figure 5 shows a stud 12 and a neighbouring part of an outsole 13 which is intended for incorporation in an article of footwear (not shown) .
  • the stud 12 is of composite form, and comprises a unitary body 14, similar to the body 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 and an enlargement 15 of a plastics or similar material.
  • the body 14 comprises an operative portion 16 and an anchorage portion 17. In manufacture, first the body 14 is formed in the same manner as the body 1 is formed, then the enlargement 15 is injection-moulded around the anchorage portion 17 and the adjacent upper end part of the operative portion 16.
  • the enlargement 15 and the outsole 13 are preferably made " from a flexible and resilient materials but the material from which the enlargement is made is preferably less yielding than that from which the outsole is made. On the other hand the material from which the enlargement is made is preferably considerably more yielding than that from which the body 14 is made. for example, the body may be made from tungsten carbide, the enlargement from high density polyethylene and the outsole from polyurethane.
  • the materials from which the enlargements and the outsole are made are preferably such that they become adhesively attached or bonded to each other; when polyethylene and polyurethane are used, as is preferred, they do become adhesively attached or bonded to each other in that preferred manner.
  • the enlargement 15 may be formed with recesses or holes in its outer surface so that there is a mechanical engagement or linkage between the enlargement and the outsole 13.
  • the enlargement may be formed externally with fins or webs so that recesses are created between them.
  • anchorage portion may be of any desired shape and may, for example, be similar in shape to either those illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 or similar in shape to any of the other anchorage portions mentioned above.

Landscapes

  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

Un crampon servant à une chaussure est constitué d'un matériau dur, résistant à l'usure pour qu'il ne s'use pas pendant la durée d'utilisation de la chaussure à laquelle il s'intègre. Le crampon comprend un corps unique (1) comportant une partie pointue (2) pour pénétrer dans le sol et une partie de fixation (3, 7, 9) servant à le maintenir en permanence dans la partie inférieure de la chaussure. La partie de fixation (3, 7, 9) peut être une plaque ou un disque traversés par des ouvertures (6), ou bien une pluralité de branches (8, 10) qui peuvent présenter des prolongements latéraux (11) à leurs extrémités. Le crampon peut être constitué d'un matériau cémenté ou aggloméré comprenant du carbure de tungstène et/ou du cobalt et façonné au moyen d'un procédé de moulage par injection.
PCT/GB1991/001149 1990-07-18 1991-07-11 Crampons de chaussure Ceased WO1992001399A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB909015809A GB9015809D0 (en) 1990-07-18 1990-07-18 Studs for footwear
GB9015809.8 1990-07-18
GB9027885.4 1990-12-21
GB909027885A GB9027885D0 (en) 1990-07-18 1990-12-21 Studs for footwear

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992001399A1 true WO1992001399A1 (fr) 1992-02-06

Family

ID=26297346

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1991/001149 Ceased WO1992001399A1 (fr) 1990-07-18 1991-07-11 Crampons de chaussure

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU8193091A (fr)
WO (1) WO1992001399A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015021230A1 (fr) * 2013-08-07 2015-02-12 Nike Innovate C.V. Procédé pour fabriquer un élément de plaque à crampons, et appareil
DE102013113043A1 (de) * 2013-11-26 2015-05-28 Sitek-Spikes Gmbh & Co. Kg Gleitschutzstift und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gleitschutzstiftes
EP3656581A1 (fr) 2018-11-22 2020-05-27 SITEK-Spikes GmbH & Co. KG Tige antidérapante
DE102018129474A1 (de) 2018-11-22 2020-05-28 Sitek-Spikes Gmbh & Co. Kg Gleitschutzstift

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3522669A (en) * 1969-02-28 1970-08-04 Coors Porcelain Co Athletic shoe
US3600831A (en) * 1968-09-25 1971-08-24 Folke Lennart Olsson Shoes, particularly golf shoes, and studs therefor
FR2409023A1 (fr) * 1977-11-17 1979-06-15 Adidas Chaussures Crampons pour semelles de chaussures de sport et procede de realisation de semelles de chaussures de sport comportant de tels crampons
FR2532825A1 (fr) * 1982-09-13 1984-03-16 Uhl Sportartikel Karl Semelle de chaussure de sport avec elements d'accrochage
US4667422A (en) * 1985-04-19 1987-05-26 Morito Co., Ltd. Golf shoe spike

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3600831A (en) * 1968-09-25 1971-08-24 Folke Lennart Olsson Shoes, particularly golf shoes, and studs therefor
US3522669A (en) * 1969-02-28 1970-08-04 Coors Porcelain Co Athletic shoe
FR2409023A1 (fr) * 1977-11-17 1979-06-15 Adidas Chaussures Crampons pour semelles de chaussures de sport et procede de realisation de semelles de chaussures de sport comportant de tels crampons
FR2532825A1 (fr) * 1982-09-13 1984-03-16 Uhl Sportartikel Karl Semelle de chaussure de sport avec elements d'accrochage
US4667422A (en) * 1985-04-19 1987-05-26 Morito Co., Ltd. Golf shoe spike

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015021230A1 (fr) * 2013-08-07 2015-02-12 Nike Innovate C.V. Procédé pour fabriquer un élément de plaque à crampons, et appareil
CN105431062A (zh) * 2013-08-07 2016-03-23 耐克创新有限合伙公司 用于制造带防滑钉的板构件的方法和装置
US10010139B2 (en) 2013-08-07 2018-07-03 Nike, Inc. Method for making a cleated plate member and apparatus
DE102013113043A1 (de) * 2013-11-26 2015-05-28 Sitek-Spikes Gmbh & Co. Kg Gleitschutzstift und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gleitschutzstiftes
EP3656581A1 (fr) 2018-11-22 2020-05-27 SITEK-Spikes GmbH & Co. KG Tige antidérapante
DE102018129477A1 (de) 2018-11-22 2020-05-28 Sitek-Spikes Gmbh & Co. Kg Gleitschutzstift
DE102018129474A1 (de) 2018-11-22 2020-05-28 Sitek-Spikes Gmbh & Co. Kg Gleitschutzstift

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8193091A (en) 1992-02-18

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