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WO1991003969A1 - Siege - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO1991003969A1
WO1991003969A1 PCT/AU1990/000437 AU9000437W WO9103969A1 WO 1991003969 A1 WO1991003969 A1 WO 1991003969A1 AU 9000437 W AU9000437 W AU 9000437W WO 9103969 A1 WO9103969 A1 WO 9103969A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seat
user
support
thighs
ilia
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU1990/000437
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alan Powell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1991003969A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991003969A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C9/00—Stools for specified purposes
    • A47C9/002—Stools for specified purposes with exercising means or having special therapeutic or ergonomic effects
    • A47C9/005—Stools for specified purposes with exercising means or having special therapeutic or ergonomic effects with forwardly inclined seat, e.g. with a knee-support
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/029—Seat parts of non-adjustable shape adapted to a user contour or ergonomic seating positions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a seat and in particular to a seat which has a wide range of uses and in each of which provides a seating position which is physiologically desirable.
  • the seat of the invention is designed to give correct support to the sacro-iliac joints (hereafter called the S/I joint).
  • the seat itself allows for support under the ischia and thighs - thigh support is generally long enough to extend, for many, to the back of the knee. In some cases, this support is too long, thereby pushing the user's lower leg forward and causing the user either to move their pelvis forward or to sit with leg pushed out in front.
  • a back to the chair may or may not offer support.
  • a back to the chair may or may not offer support.
  • an attempt has been made to support the lumbar spine; some seats offer thoracic and even cervical and head support, but the sacro-iliac region has been overlooked.
  • the lumbar lordosisis is dependent on the position of the pelvis.
  • the lumbar lordosis forward curve
  • the lumbar lordosis is lost (hypolordosis).
  • the lumbar lordosis is increased (hyperlodosis).
  • Fig. 1 illustrates these positions with Fig. 1(a) illustrating posterior slump (hypolordosis), Fig. 1(b) the normal pelvic position and Fig. 1(c) anterior slump (hyperlordosis.)
  • hypolordosis is due to the user slumping back on sitting, a loss of the lordosis in the lumbar spine is followed by the hunching forward of the upper body.
  • the sacrum is tipped posteriorly (backwards), pushing the ilia laterally (to the side). This is the most usual position to which people slump when sitting.
  • Fig. 7 A normal sitting position is illustrated in Fig. 7 in which Fig. 7(a) is a lateral view, Fig. 7(b) is a posterior -oblique view and Fig. 7(c) is a coronal view.
  • Fig. 8 shows a lateral view using a 'Balan' type chair and Fig. 8(b) shows a posterior-oblique view.
  • the gravitational weight line which is anterior to the lumbo-sacral junction, provides a greater force forward adding to the anterior tilt.
  • the S/I joints have historically been overlooked by researchers as having any significant effect on postural problems. This has been mainly due to the long held belief that the S/I joints were synchondrosis joints (immoveable) and/or that due to the strong ligaments supporting the area, that a force of between 400-2600 lbs was necessary to severely disrupt the pelvic girdle.
  • the S/I joints have no direct muscle to support them, the spinal and lumbo-pelvic musculature have to act in a supportive role when these joints are placed under undue stress.
  • the pelvic ligaments of the S/I joints are placed under continued stress and the subsequent muscular support becomes evident. Muscular tiredness results, further weakening the pelvic and spinal structures.
  • Delmas (quoted by Kapandji) relates the degree of flexibility of the S/I joint to their architecture.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a seat which causes the user to adopt a position where the S/I joints of a user are correctly located and supported, effectively by the user using the seat and thus which will minimize or overcome the difficulties described previously herein.
  • the principal object of the present invention is to provide a seat which minimizes the difficulties of previous seats and which is physiologically desirable.
  • the invention in its broadest sense includes a seat member so arranged that a user is guided to sit with the thighs obtusely opened and the body weight is distributed between the thighs and the ischia whereby the sacrum is caused to adopt a position such that it is properly wedged between the ilia and supported by the inward thrust on the ilia by the position of the legs.
  • the seat in another aspect it provides a seat as described above wherein the seat is formed so that there is an effective upward extension along the centreline thereof and at least near the front of the seat whereby, when a user is seated, the extension guides a leg onto either side thereof so that the required orientation of the thighs is achieved.
  • the formation of the upward extension is such that the user's legs are not only guided onto each side thereof but are also caused to roll slightly outwardly.
  • I provide a seat as described herein above wherein the seat is relatively shallow and is directed downwardly from the back to the front so that the user's feet can rest naturally substantially below and/or behind his/her knees.
  • the seat as described herein may be provided with a seat back which provides S/I support, effectively enabling the user to change their seated posture whilst still maintaining adequate S/I joint support.
  • Fig. 1 shows the pelvis in the three positions previously referred to:
  • Fig. 1(a) the position where there is a posterior slump and the lumbar lordosis is lost (hypolordosis),
  • Fig. Kb the normal position, which is the standing position and also the use of the chair of the invention.
  • Fig. 1(c) a position where there is an anterior slump position in which the lumbar lordosis is increased (hyperlordosis);
  • the lumbo-sacral disk angle is shown as
  • Fig. 2 shows various views of S/I joints:
  • Figs. 2(a) to (c) being superior coronal views; Fig. 2(a) the anterior segment, Fig. 2(b) the middle segment and Fig. 2(c) the posterior segment,
  • Fig. 2(d) being a lateral view
  • Fig. 2(e) being an anterior view
  • Fig. 3 shows a view of the lower spine and the pelvis in a standing position both from a lateral view (Fig. 3(a)) and posterior-oblique view (Fig. 3(b)) showing the direction of force on the S/I joints.
  • Fig. shows superior (Fig. 4(a)), posterior-oblique (Fig. 4(b)) and lateral
  • FIG. 4(c) views of the pelvis for a person who is seated on the ground or in a meditation position
  • Fig. 5 shows the lateral (Fig. 5(a), superior (Fig. 5(b)) and posterior- oblique (Fig. 5(c)) views of a person on the seat of invention with feet behind their knees;
  • Fig. 6 shows the lateral-superior (Fig. 6(a)) and posterior-oblique (Fig.
  • Fig. 7 shows the lateral (Fig. 7(a)), posterior-oblique (Fig. 7(b)) and superior (coronal) (Fig. 7(c)) views of the pelvis in a normal seat having thigh support and concave surface;
  • Fig. 8 shows lateral (Fig. 8(a)) and posterior-oblique (Fig. 8(b)) views of a person on a 'Balan' type chair.
  • Fig. 9 shows posterior -oblique comparison views of the pelvis in the standing and different seated positions with arrows indicating the lines of force on the pelvic structure:-
  • Fig. 9(a) shows the seat of the invention with the user's feet under the seat
  • Fig. 9(b) shows the seat of the invention with the user's feet forward
  • Fig. 9(c) shows a 'Balan' or 'Ergoform' arrangement
  • Fig. 9(d) shows a normal seat
  • Fig. 9(e) shows the pelvis in meditation position
  • Fig. 9(f) shows the pelvis in a standing position
  • Fig. 10 shows, schematically, a seat member which incorporates the features of the invention.
  • Fig. 10 shows, schematically, a seat member which incorporates the features of the invention.
  • Fig. 10(a) is a lateral-oblique view of the seat, at a relatively flat angle
  • Fig. 10(b) is a lateral view from the other side at a higher angle of view
  • Fig. 10(c) is a front view from slightly above
  • Fig. 10(d) is a plan view of a form of seat
  • Fig. 10(e) is a plan view of an alternative seat back
  • Fig. 10(f) is a schematic side elevation
  • Fig. 10(g) is a perspective of the back of the seat of Fig 10(f).
  • the architecture of the S/I joint indicates a wedge type structure (see Fig. 2) with the superior (top) and the anterior (front) parts having a wider opening than the inferior (bottom) and posterior (back).
  • the sacrum can be likened to a 'key stone' in an arch. It is obvious that to stabilize the joints and reduce the stress on the ligaments and muscles, the sacrum needs to be pushed backwards and down into the ilia. In the standing position, the ilia (Fig. 3) are forced together because of the positioning of the acetabulum and the line of direction of the femoral neck. The force is directed superior and medially with a posterior to anterior torque.
  • the common factor is spreading of the thighs to cause an obtuse angle and the body weight distributions being either in part or all through the legs.
  • the force is directed from the acetabulae, (hip joints); through the ilia to the S/I joint.
  • the sacrum is forced posteriorly and inferiorly, this whole action has a stabilizing effect on both joints. There is therefore virtually no 'work' for the S/I joint ligaments.
  • the body in this position tends to sit into the pelvis and little or no muscular effort is involved. It is therefore a relaxing position.
  • the chair of the invention guides each individual into assuming this position with a posterlateral compression force on the ilia approximating that of the femurs in the standing posture.
  • This position is also the most comfortable, stable and energy conserving postural position. It provides for the sacral 'key stone' effect with resultant S/I joint stability and relaxation of spinal muscles, from the pelvis through the lumbar, thoracic and cervical regions.
  • the angle and contours of the ischial - buttock support part of the seat create the effect of actually sitting into the pelvis. This action and angle prevent an anterior pelvic slump.
  • the seat member has a dished gluteal area 10 which is basically arranged to comfortably arranged to receive the human buttocks and an upward extension or raised portion 11 forward of the gluteal area and which prevents forward slide and slump of the pelvis.
  • Thigh supports 12 contour downwardly from the extension 11 towards the gluteal region and towards the front and these supports 12 both ensure that the legs of a user are separated and also provides an outward rolling of the thighs.
  • Fig. 10(f) shows a side elevation and shows the general view of a rear support 15 and this support may be adjustable, as indicated by the arrows in the S/I region. The adjustment can b up and down and forward and back.
  • FIGs 10(d) and 10(e) Two different forms of back are illustrated in Figs 10(d) and 10(e).
  • the form of 10(d) shows curved side members 16 which may be transversly adjustable.
  • Fig. 10(e) is an open V and the outer edge 17 can be adjustable as senn by the arrows.
  • the location of the S/I joint support is such as to prevent any posterior rocking of the pelvis when the user is seated in the chair.
  • the actual shape of the support may vary but in one particular application I may use a shallow "V" or curved form extending upwardly from the rear of the seat member and this could if required have curved outer sides to provide lateral support for the pelvis.
  • the support is required for the S/I region it does not need to extend fully up the back of a user and indeed could be as low as some 20 cm high.
  • It may be adjustable both forwardly and rearwardly or it may be fixed.
  • the angle can be between 80° to 100° to the vertical, but this is not limiting.
  • the support may be made in any required manner, depending upon the aesthetics required for the chair with the critical portion being that area adjacent the S/I region.

Landscapes

  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un siège qui permet d'adapter une position assise physiologiquement souhaitable et qui comprend un élément de siège conçu de sorte que l'utilisateur est amené par un guide à s'asseoir avec les cuisses formant une ouverture obtusangle. Ainsi, le sacrum adopte une position telle qu'il se trouve correctement calé entre les os iliaques et soutenu par la poussée des os iliaques qui s'exerce vers l'intérieur du fait de la position des jambes.
PCT/AU1990/000437 1989-09-21 1990-09-21 Siege Ceased WO1991003969A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPJ647289 1989-09-21
AUPJ6472 1989-09-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991003969A1 true WO1991003969A1 (fr) 1991-04-04

Family

ID=3774207

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1990/000437 Ceased WO1991003969A1 (fr) 1989-09-21 1990-09-21 Siege

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1991003969A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994008491A1 (fr) * 1992-10-14 1994-04-28 Antonio Bustamante Serrano Fauteuil
WO1995006424A1 (fr) * 1993-08-31 1995-03-09 Heygarth South Pty. Ltd. Systeme de siege ergonomique dont la partie femorale est inclinee
WO1996012425A1 (fr) * 1994-10-19 1996-05-02 Barry James Dixon Ameliorations relatives a des chaises
AU687870B2 (en) * 1993-08-31 1998-03-05 Heygarth South Pty Ltd Ergonomic seating apparatus with inclined femoral portion
FR2769813A1 (fr) * 1997-10-20 1999-04-23 Joel Herrou Siege bas pour postures naturelles
WO1999038419A1 (fr) * 1998-02-02 1999-08-05 Heygarth South Pty. Ltd. Siege ergonomique avec partie femorale inclinee
US6840582B2 (en) 2002-05-14 2005-01-11 Formway Furniture Limited Height adjustable arm assembly
US6874852B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2005-04-05 Formway Furniture Limited Lumbar support
CN111839063A (zh) * 2020-08-12 2020-10-30 闫超 利用人体自平衡而寻找重力中轴蹲姿的塑身椅

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1756545A (en) * 1928-06-07 1930-04-29 B L Marble Chair Company Chair construction
US3572830A (en) * 1969-03-10 1971-03-30 Arthur J Storer Child{3 s all purpose seat
EP0163437A1 (fr) * 1984-05-08 1985-12-04 Peter Opsvik Chaise

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1756545A (en) * 1928-06-07 1930-04-29 B L Marble Chair Company Chair construction
US3572830A (en) * 1969-03-10 1971-03-30 Arthur J Storer Child{3 s all purpose seat
EP0163437A1 (fr) * 1984-05-08 1985-12-04 Peter Opsvik Chaise

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2082682A2 (es) * 1992-10-14 1996-03-16 Serrano Antonio Bustamante Asiento.
WO1994008491A1 (fr) * 1992-10-14 1994-04-28 Antonio Bustamante Serrano Fauteuil
US5791736A (en) * 1993-08-31 1998-08-11 Heygarth South Pty. Ltd. Ergonomic seating apparatus with inclined femoral portion
WO1995006424A1 (fr) * 1993-08-31 1995-03-09 Heygarth South Pty. Ltd. Systeme de siege ergonomique dont la partie femorale est inclinee
AU687870B2 (en) * 1993-08-31 1998-03-05 Heygarth South Pty Ltd Ergonomic seating apparatus with inclined femoral portion
US6293625B1 (en) 1994-10-19 2001-09-25 Barry J. Dixon Chairs
WO1996012425A1 (fr) * 1994-10-19 1996-05-02 Barry James Dixon Ameliorations relatives a des chaises
FR2769813A1 (fr) * 1997-10-20 1999-04-23 Joel Herrou Siege bas pour postures naturelles
WO1999038419A1 (fr) * 1998-02-02 1999-08-05 Heygarth South Pty. Ltd. Siege ergonomique avec partie femorale inclinee
US6361116B1 (en) 1998-02-02 2002-03-26 Heygarth South Pty Ltd. Ergonomic seat with inclined femoral portion
US6874852B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2005-04-05 Formway Furniture Limited Lumbar support
US6908159B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2005-06-21 Formway Furniture Limited Seat for a reclining office chair
US6910741B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2005-06-28 Formway Furniture Limited Lumbar support
US7441839B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2008-10-28 Formway Furniture Limited Reclinable chair
US6840582B2 (en) 2002-05-14 2005-01-11 Formway Furniture Limited Height adjustable arm assembly
CN111839063A (zh) * 2020-08-12 2020-10-30 闫超 利用人体自平衡而寻找重力中轴蹲姿的塑身椅

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