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WO1990002513A1 - Systeme d'attenuation actif pour patients - Google Patents

Systeme d'attenuation actif pour patients Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990002513A1
WO1990002513A1 PCT/US1989/004004 US8904004W WO9002513A1 WO 1990002513 A1 WO1990002513 A1 WO 1990002513A1 US 8904004 W US8904004 W US 8904004W WO 9002513 A1 WO9002513 A1 WO 9002513A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
counternoise
patient
noise
sound
diagnosing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1989/004004
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul Friedlander
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Noise Cancellation Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
Noise Cancellation Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Noise Cancellation Technologies Inc filed Critical Noise Cancellation Technologies Inc
Priority to US07/543,854 priority Critical patent/US5313945A/en
Publication of WO1990002513A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990002513A1/fr
Priority to KR90701009A priority patent/KR970006914B1/ko
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/38—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field
    • G01R33/385—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field using gradient magnetic field coils
    • G01R33/3854—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field using gradient magnetic field coils means for active and/or passive vibration damping or acoustical noise suppression in gradient magnet coil systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17875—General system configurations using an error signal without a reference signal, e.g. pure feedback
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17885—General system configurations additionally using a desired external signal, e.g. pass-through audio such as music or speech
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/108—Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
    • G10K2210/1081—Earphones, e.g. for telephones, ear protectors or headsets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/116—Medical; Dental
    • G10K2210/1161—NMR or MRI

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to an active sound attenuation system for patients undergoing diagnosis in equipment which inherently produces undesirable sounds.
  • the preferred embodiments of the invention described herein are related to such an active sound attenuation system for use with magnetic resonance imaging equipment.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment utilizes a large magnet in which the patient lies prone while the magnet is activated to create a magnetic field.
  • a radio signal is used to disorganize the nuclei of hydrogen molecules within the area being scanned.
  • an MRI computer measures the fraction of a second that elapses before molecules re-orient themselves.
  • the present invention achieves the above-mentioned and other objects by providing an active noise cancellation system which produces counternoise waves to cancel the disturbing, undesirable noise waves in the area of the patients hearing while in the diagnostic equipment.
  • the cancelling sound applied to the area of the patient to cancel the undesirable noise is supplied by non-magnetic lines, preferably pneumatic tubes or the like.
  • non-magnetic lines in the form of hollow tubes filled with a sound propagating medium are utilized.
  • headsets are provided which fit over the patients ears and define a small space where the undesirable noise is detected and the counternoise is generated.
  • Prior art arrangements such as disclosed in the above noted Taylor U.S. Patent No. 4,701,952 utilize hollow tubes filled with sound propagating medium for piping in music or the like. According to the invention similar tubes can also be used to communicate the counternoise wave patterns from a counternoise processing unit and counternoise wave generator or speaker disposed remote from the diagnostic equipment. Hollow tubes filled with sound propagating medium are also provided for communicating the undesirable noise to be cancelled to the processing unit.
  • the undesirable noise detection tubes need only be spaced a small distance away from the counternoise speaker tubes so as to provide a reliable signal to the counter noise processing unit.
  • a microcompressor controller is provided at a remote location for processing the undesirable noise signal supplied through the noise detection tubes and for generating a corresponding counternoise signal and driving a speaker that generates counternoise waves which are then supplied as noise cancelling waves via the counternoise tubes.
  • the fittings for the noise detection tubes and the counternoise tubes are fixedly arranged in the diagnostic equipment at a position adjacent the position of the patients head and ears.
  • the noise cancellation system of the present invention can be used in MRI diagnostic equipment and in other environments where the region where the noise is to be cancelled can not tolerate metallic speaker wires or components due to electromagnetic interference problems and the like.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side sectional view depicting a patient in an MRI diagnostic unit with an active sound attenuation system constructed according to the present invention shown in dashed lines;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a headset having a closed ear coupling means arrangement and active sound attenuation system constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a headset having an open ear coupling means arrangement for the sound attenuation system of Figures 1 and 3;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line V-V of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 1 there is schematically depicted a magnetic resonance scanning unit 1 with a human patient P in position on a table 2 for a diagnostic scanning procedure.
  • the MRI unit 1 includes a large permanent magnet 3 which surrounds the table 2 for the patient P.
  • a magnetic coil 4 Arranged concentrically within the permanent magnet 3, and also surrounding the table 2, are a magnetic coil 4 and a radio frequency RF coil 5.
  • the entire structure with magnet 3, magnetic coil 4, RF coil 5 and patient accommodating table 2 are disposed within a shielded chamber 6 which includes shielding to prevent electromagnetic interference with the operation of the MRI control unit 8.
  • the magnetic coil 4 is connected by circuit 7 (shown only schematically), with a MRI control unit 8.
  • the RF coil 5 is connected by a circuit 9
  • MRI unit 1 The details of the operating circuits and parts of the MRI unit 1 are not included herein so as not to obscure the disclosure of the present invention.
  • An MRI unit that could be used with the present invention is marketed and serviced by the company TME of Houston, Texas.
  • FIG 1 there is only a schematic depiction in dash line form of a sound attenuating system 10 for cancelling undesirable noises otherwise experienced by the patient during normal operation of the MRI unit 1.
  • Figure 3 the shielded chamber walls 6 are shown only schematically in dashed outline form and further details of the sound. attenuating system 10 are schematically illustrated.
  • the sound attenuating system 10 includes a headset 11 with a right ear coupling means 12R and a left ear coupling means 12L for coupling the counternoise to the auditory system of the patient.
  • the ear coupling means 12R, 12L comprise, for example, earpieces which have an open or closed back and transmit the counternoise to the auditory system of the patient's body.
  • a closed ear coupling means arrangement the ear of the patient is surrounded by the ear coupling means so as to isolate the patient's ear from ambient air and form a chamber which enclosed the ear.
  • the closed ear coupling means arrangement comprises, for example, a cup-like configuration which surrounds the ear to form a chamber as shown in Figure
  • the ear coupling means is placed within an effective range of the patient's ear, but is not isolated from the ambient air surrounding the patient, as best shown, for example, in Figure 4.
  • a flexible hollow tube 13R extends from an opening at the ear coupling means opening 14R at the ear coupling means 12R to a speaker 15R.
  • hollow tube 13L extends from an opening 14L at ear coupling means 12L to an opening facing a speaker 15L.
  • a hollow tube 16R extends between an opening 17R into ear coupling means 12R to a microphone 18R.
  • hollow tube 16L extends from an opening 17L in ear coupling means 12L to an opening facing a microphone 18L.
  • the speakers 15R, 15L and the microphones 18R, 18L form part of a noise detection and -cancellation control unit 19 which includes a multi-channel microprocessor unit 20.
  • a commercially available controller 20 that could be used with the present invention is the NCT 2000 controller marketed by Noise Cancellation Technologies, Inc., and therefore further details of that controller are dispensed with herein.
  • the noise attenuation system of Figure 3 operates as follows. The undesirable noise that is generated in the area of the patients head during magnetic resonance scanning operations is communicated via the respective openings 17R, 17L and hollow tubes 16R, 16L to the respective microphones 18R and
  • the signal from these microphones 18R and 18L is supplied to different channels of the controller 20, where they are processed, and a cancelling sound wave pattern is supplied by the controller 20 to drive the speakers 15R and 15L as a function of the sound wave pattern reaching the microphones.
  • the antinoise sound waves are transmitted from the respective speakers 15R, 15L via the hollow tubes 13R, 13L to the openings
  • the tubes 13R, 13L, 16R, 16L are constructed as hollow vinyl tubes with an outside diameter of, for example, 1/2-inch and an inside diameter of, for example, 3/8-inch.
  • the diameter of the tubes are sufficiently smaller than the length of the tube to negate any destructive interference, the wave velocity impedance for any given diameter and length being the main consideration in selecting these dimensions.
  • Such hollow tubes are sufficiently flexible to accommodate positioning thereof with respect to the headset and the MRI equipment so as to minimize disruption of the conventionally available MRI equipment. Since the hollow tubes 13R, 13L, 16R, 16L are made cf non-magnetic, non-metallic materials and since they protrude from the outside into the chamber 6, the sound attenuation system 10 does not interfere with the magnetic resonance scanning operation.
  • the headset ear coupling means 12R, 12L are likewise preferably constructed of non-magnetic, non-metallic material, such as plastic, so as not to interfere with the magnetic fields being generated.
  • the openings 14R, 17R in the ear coupling means 12R are located sufficiently close to one another so that the detected unwanted sound wave pattern via opening 17R, tube 16R and microphone 18R is an accurate real time representation of the sound that should be generated by the speaker 15R and transmitted via tube 13R, 14R to the ear coupling means 12R, thereby resulting in an optimum noise cancellation sound wave as experienced by the patient P.
  • the left side ear coupling means and tubes, speakers and microphones likewise are configured for optimum noise cancellation.
  • the tubes 13R, 13L can also be used to transmit pleasant sounds to the patient P such as music or the like, which music pattern will not disrupt the noise cancellation waves.
  • the pleasant music sound can be provided with optimum fidelity.
  • Figure 4 schematically depicts a preferred form of construction for the headset having an open ear coupling means.
  • the headset 11A includes a right ear coupling means 12AR and a left ear coupling means 12AL.
  • the ear coupling means 12AR and.12AL are held together by a resilient yoke 21 and each include a foam padding 22 at the side facing the patients ears.
  • the hollow tubes 13AL and 16AL for the left ear coupling means 12AL may be joined together to facilitate handling, for example, in a rigid plastic mounting 23L which merges into the ear coupling means 12AL.
  • the hollow tubes 13AL and 16AL open into the space for the ear at predetermined spaced locations, within this space. Since the efficiency of the perceived noise cancellation is determined by the quality of the coupling of the counternoise to the ear, in an open system as depicted b
  • the preferred illustrated embodiments include headsets with ear coupling means that cup over the patients ears
  • embodiments are also contemplated wherein the magnetic resonance unit is outfitted with permanently fixed supports for the hollow tubes for detecting the unwanted sound to be cancelled and transmitting the counternoise cancelling sound waves.
  • These tubes can be held in a predetermined position adjacent the table 2, with adjustment provisions being provided to position the same for differently shaped patients heads.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Un système actif (10) d'atténuation de bruit pour patients soumisà un diagnostic, dans un équipement (1) produisant des sons indésirables, capte le bruit perçu par le patient (P) et produit une configuration d'onde sonore d'annulation afin d'atténuer le bruit perçu par ledit patient (P).
PCT/US1989/004004 1988-09-16 1989-09-18 Systeme d'attenuation actif pour patients Ceased WO1990002513A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/543,854 US5313945A (en) 1989-09-18 1989-09-18 Active attenuation system for medical patients
KR90701009A KR970006914B1 (en) 1988-09-16 1990-05-15 Active attenuation system for medical patients

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US24530188A 1988-09-16 1988-09-16
US245,301 1988-09-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990002513A1 true WO1990002513A1 (fr) 1990-03-22

Family

ID=22926120

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1989/004004 Ceased WO1990002513A1 (fr) 1988-09-16 1989-09-18 Systeme d'attenuation actif pour patients

Country Status (4)

Country Link
KR (1) KR970006914B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4332889A (fr)
CA (1) CA1319394C (fr)
WO (1) WO1990002513A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0411801A3 (en) * 1989-07-31 1991-10-23 Nelson Industries, Inc. Communication system with active noise cancellation
GB2281970A (en) * 1993-09-21 1995-03-22 Marconi Gec Ltd Non-magnetic transducers for MRI active noise reduction
EP0655730A1 (fr) * 1993-11-30 1995-05-31 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Appareil d'imagerie par résonnance magnétique comprenant un système de communication
US5427102A (en) * 1991-06-21 1995-06-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Active noise cancellation apparatus in MRI apparatus
WO2002071993A3 (fr) * 2001-03-14 2002-12-05 Siemens Ag Protege-oreilles et procede pour faire fonctionner un dispositif emettant du bruit

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4654871A (en) * 1981-06-12 1987-03-31 Sound Attenuators Limited Method and apparatus for reducing repetitive noise entering the ear
US4682108A (en) * 1984-08-01 1987-07-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Magnetic resonance equipment for the production of images of a test object
US4698591A (en) * 1986-01-03 1987-10-06 General Electric Company Method for magnetic field gradient eddy current compensation
US4701952A (en) * 1984-10-10 1987-10-20 Taylor Jefferson H Frequency attenuation compensated pneumatic headphone and liquid tube audio system for medical use
EP0212840B1 (fr) * 1985-07-13 1991-10-23 Siemens Plessey Electronic Systems Limited Dispositif de réduction du bruit

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4654871A (en) * 1981-06-12 1987-03-31 Sound Attenuators Limited Method and apparatus for reducing repetitive noise entering the ear
US4682108A (en) * 1984-08-01 1987-07-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Magnetic resonance equipment for the production of images of a test object
US4701952A (en) * 1984-10-10 1987-10-20 Taylor Jefferson H Frequency attenuation compensated pneumatic headphone and liquid tube audio system for medical use
EP0212840B1 (fr) * 1985-07-13 1991-10-23 Siemens Plessey Electronic Systems Limited Dispositif de réduction du bruit
US4698591A (en) * 1986-01-03 1987-10-06 General Electric Company Method for magnetic field gradient eddy current compensation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
POPULAR SCIENCE, January 1987, (FREE): "Noise Zapper", See entire reference. *

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0411801A3 (en) * 1989-07-31 1991-10-23 Nelson Industries, Inc. Communication system with active noise cancellation
US5427102A (en) * 1991-06-21 1995-06-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Active noise cancellation apparatus in MRI apparatus
GB2281970A (en) * 1993-09-21 1995-03-22 Marconi Gec Ltd Non-magnetic transducers for MRI active noise reduction
EP0644436A1 (fr) * 1993-09-21 1995-03-22 Gec-Marconi Limited Appareil à résonance magnétique
US5577504A (en) * 1993-09-21 1996-11-26 Gec-Marconi Limited Magnetic resonance apparatus
US5602478A (en) * 1993-09-21 1997-02-11 Gec-Marconi Limited Reduction of RF field disturbance in magnetic resonance apparatus
GB2281970B (en) * 1993-09-21 1997-11-26 Marconi Gec Ltd Magnetic resonance apparatus
EP0655730A1 (fr) * 1993-11-30 1995-05-31 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Appareil d'imagerie par résonnance magnétique comprenant un système de communication
BE1007806A3 (nl) * 1993-11-30 1995-10-24 Philips Electronics Nv Magnetisch resonantie apparaat bevattende een communicatiesysteem.
US5552708A (en) * 1993-11-30 1996-09-03 U.S. Philips Corporation Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus comprising a communication system
WO2002071993A3 (fr) * 2001-03-14 2002-12-05 Siemens Ag Protege-oreilles et procede pour faire fonctionner un dispositif emettant du bruit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR900701216A (ko) 1990-12-01
KR970006914B1 (en) 1997-04-30
AU4332889A (en) 1990-04-02
CA1319394C (fr) 1993-06-22

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