WO1989007659A1 - Gas-permeable block for metallurgical operations - Google Patents
Gas-permeable block for metallurgical operations Download PDFInfo
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- WO1989007659A1 WO1989007659A1 PCT/AT1989/000015 AT8900015W WO8907659A1 WO 1989007659 A1 WO1989007659 A1 WO 1989007659A1 AT 8900015 W AT8900015 W AT 8900015W WO 8907659 A1 WO8907659 A1 WO 8907659A1
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- flow channels
- purging plug
- channels
- plug according
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
- B22D1/005—Injection assemblies therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas purging plug for metallurgical vessels, containing a refractory molded body with continuous flow channels.
- various gases are often blown through the refractory lining into the molten metal, causing a stirring effect in the molten metal or different metallurgical reactions are triggered.
- refractory, gas-permeable moldings are used in the refractory lining, in most cases in the bottom of the ovens or vessels, which are generally referred to as gas purging stones.
- the gas purging stones can either contain a refractory stone body of high porosity, in which case the gas passage takes place through the open pores between the refractory grains, or they contain a little or non-porous refractory stone body in which slots or channels are formed through which the gas passage takes place . In the latter case, one speaks of gas purging stones with directed porosity.
- refractory moldings which are provided with narrow channels for blowing gas into a molten metal bath can be produced in that cores or mandrels which are intended to form the channels are arranged in a mold for the molding and secured in place. Then a pourable refractory
- the cores or mandrels intended for the formation of the channels can be metal tubes which remain in the finished shaped body or wires which are pulled out of the shaped body, which is facilitated if the wires are provided with a coating.
- the cores or mandrels can also be made of a meltable or evaporable material, e.g. B. made of plastic, which melts or evaporates during the drying process.
- a meltable or evaporable material e.g. B. made of plastic, which melts or evaporates during the drying process.
- the gas is blown through the sink only during certain times, e.g. B. during refreshing, required.
- the gas flow could be turned off. If you do this however, it has the consequence that molten metal penetrates into the gas channels or into the stone pores, solidifies there and clogs the channels.
- gas blowing resumes the metal melt which has penetrated is only partially melted and blown out again.
- an inert gas to blow through the sink In order to prevent the penetration of molten metal, maintain a gas in the meantime, e.g. B. an inert gas to blow through the sink.
- this requires a constant gas supply to the furnace or vessel, which is why this measure can only be used with stationary ovens or vessels.
- movable vessels for example pouring ladles, which are moved by crane in the
- pan sinks with directional porosity is approximately between 40% and 85% and for porous pan sinks approximately between 60% and 95% of the theoretical rinsing capacity, i. H.
- the sink stones cannot be in use during their full theoretical lifespan, but must be replaced after a fraction of this time, which corresponds to the percentages mentioned.
- the object of the invention is to design the gas purging plug so that the melting and blowing out of the metal infusion is possible to a large extent after each blow interruption.
- this is achieved in a flushing system with continuous flow channels in that the striation channels, at least in the area adjacent to their outlet openings, are arranged in a highly inclined manner with respect to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the sink.
- the flow channels can have an angle of inclination between 15 ° and 60 °, preferably between 20 ° and 50 °, with respect to that end face of the sink which contains the outlet openings of the flow channels.
- the sink stones are subject to wear during operation, the sink area that was originally located inside the stone becomes the hot-sided sink surface after a certain period of operation.
- the flow channels it is expedient to provide the oblique arrangement of the flow channels not only in the vicinity of the hot-side end face, but also in deeper stone areas so that the oblique arrangement of the flow channels is also included can accommodate limited stone width, it is recommended according to an embodiment of the invention, the flow channels to be helical, wavy or zigzag-shaped Since the sink stones are usually renewed at the latest when about two thirds of the original stone height are worn out, you can Flushing stone according to the invention also designed such that the oblique, in particular helical, wave-shaped or zigzag-shaped design of the flow channels extends over approximately two thirds of the stone height, seen from the end face containing the outlet openings che of the stone.
- the formation of this swirl can be further favored in that the flow channels have the same inclination in each stone cross-section in a rotationally symmetrical arrangement.
- the flushing stones according to the invention can be produced in a manner known per se and described at the outset by embedding channel-forming cores in a stone body made of refractory casting compound.
- cores come, for example, burnable, fusible or evaporable materials, such as plastics, with a covering, e.g. B. made of plastic, provided wires or thin metal tubes, for. B. made of copper or steel.
- These cores are dimensioned in such a way that the resulting flow channels have a clear width of the order of 1 mm or less.
- Suitable casting compounds are primarily those based on high alumina or alumina or so-called "low cement castables", that is casting compounds which contain about 5% by weight of cement.
- the basic materials of these casting compounds are primarily sintered clay, corundum, mullite, mullite clinker with 50 to 72% by weight of Al 2 O 3 , bauxite, sintered bauxite or andalusite.
- Oiromoxide Cr 2 O 3 , zirconium (zirconium silicate), zirconium oxide, clay and calcined alumina are suitable as additives to these materials.
- the casting compounds can be hydraulically bound, e.g. B. with alumina cement, or chemically bound, e.g. B. with a phosphate binder. Casting compositions based on magnesia, for example as described in AT-B-248 936, can also be used.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic, diagrammatic illustration, partially cut away.
- FIG. 4 shows a detail of the sink of Fig. 2 in longitudinal section.
- 1 has a refractory molded body 1 made of refractory casting compound, a sheet metal jacket 2 and a base plate 3 welded to the latter, to which a gas supply tube 4 is attached in the center.
- This tube 4 opens into a gas distribution chamber which is filled with a gas-permeable plate 5 made of porous refractory material.
- a porous refractory material can be used, which has been produced according to the method of AT-B-374 164.
- the gas purging plug sits in a perforated brick 6, of which only a quarter is shown for reasons of clarity.
- Flow channels 7 are arranged in the refractory molded body 1 and are formed in a helical shape in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
- the gas purging plug shown has 17 such flow channels 7, which are arranged in a cross-section evenly distributed over the circle. For the sake of clarity, only one such flow channel 7 is shown in the drawing and some others are indicated.
- the flow channels run from the gas distribution chamber filled with the gas-permeable plate 5 on the cold side of the sink to its hot-side end face 8, in which the outlet openings of the flow channels 7 are located.
- the sink it can be carried out in an advantageous manner by first welding the sheet metal jacket 2, the base plate 3 and the gas supply tube 4 together and inserting the gas-permeable plate 5 and the cores to form the flow channels 7 into the resulting cavity Secures location. A refractory casting compound is then introduced, compacted and then dried by heating. If the cores consist of a heat-consumable (burnable, meltable or evaporable) material, such as plastic, or of wires covered with such a material, the flow channels 7 are formed during drying. In the case of the wires, they can remain in the sink and the passage of gas occurs due to the space being freed up due to the disappearance of the sheath.
- a heat-consumable (burnable, meltable or evaporable) material such as plastic
- wires covered with such a material the flow channels 7 are formed during drying. In the case of the wires, they can remain in the sink and the passage of gas occurs due to the space being freed up due to the disappearance of the sheath.
- the gas purging plug according to FIG. 2 corresponds to that according to FIG. 1 with the difference that the flow channels 7 'are designed in a zigzag or undulating manner and that the gas distribution chamber 9 is designed as a cavity. 2 can be produced in the same manner as described in FIG. 1, but instead of the gas-permeable plate 5, a correspondingly shaped body made of an edible material, e.g. B. Styrofoam, is introduced, which disappears when heated while drying the casting compound and the
- FIG. 4 From Fig. 4 it can be seen that the flow channels 7 ', of which only one is drawn for the sake of simplicity, have an angle of inclination ⁇ with respect to the end face 8 which contains the outlet openings of the flow channels.
- a conventional vertical flow channel is shown in dashed lines in the right half of FIG. 4 for comparison. If one assumes that if the gas blowing is interrupted, the metal melt penetrates into the channel over a distance x and solidifies there, it can be seen that the depth of penetration, measured as a vertical distance from the end face (8), in the invention
- Flow channel 7 ' is only x ⁇ sin ⁇ and is therefore less than the penetration depth x in the conventional vertical flow channel. If the end face 8 is subjected to heat again and the gas blowing is resumed, the metal which has penetrated can be used in the invention Flow channel are melted and blown out more easily than with the conventional flow channel.
- the frustoconical gas distribution chamber in this case extends over approximately a third of the stone height, for example 80 to 100 mm, and is filled with a gas-permeable body 5 'made of porous refractory material. This creates an optical residual strength indicator for the point in time when the sink needs to be replaced. As soon as the sink is worn down to the gas-permeable body 5 ', the body 5' becomes visible on the hot side.
- the flow channels 7 are arranged helically around support bodies 10, which are embedded in the refractory molded body 1.
- These support bodies 10 are expediently frustoconical and, like the body 5 ′ serving for gas distribution, can consist of a porous refractory material produced according to the method of AT-B-374 164. If the support bodies 10 are gas-permeable, they offer additional options for the gas passage.
- the helical or spiral flow channels 7 extend over the entire height of the support body (10); in the drawing, however, they are only indicated in the upper area because of the simpler representation,
- the gas distribution chamber 9 can be sealed against the refractory molded body 1 by a metal housing and the metal tubes welded gas-tight to the metal housing, thereby preventing the refractory molded body 1 from being exposed to the flushing gas.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Gasspülstein Gas purging stone
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gasspülstein für metallurgische Gefäße, enthaltend einen feuerfesten Formkörper mit durchgehenden Strömungskanälen. Bei Konvertern zum Frischen von Stahl, bei Gießpfannen, bei Zwischengefäßen (Tundish) für das Stranggießen von Stahl und bei anderen metallurgischen Öfen und Gefäßen werden häufig verschiedene Gase durch die feuerfeste Auskleidung hindurch in die Metallschmelze eingeblasen, wodurch in der Metallschmelze eine Rührwirkung hervorgerufen wird oder verschiedene metallurgische Reaktionen ausgelost werden. Zu diesem Zweck sind in der feuerfesten Auskleidung, und zwar in den meisten Fällen im Boden der Öfen oder Gefäße, feuerfeste, gasdurchlässige Formkörper eingesetzt, die allgemein als Gasspülsteine bezeichnet werden.The invention relates to a gas purging plug for metallurgical vessels, containing a refractory molded body with continuous flow channels. In the case of converters for freshening steel, in ladles, in tundish for the continuous casting of steel and in other metallurgical furnaces and vessels, various gases are often blown through the refractory lining into the molten metal, causing a stirring effect in the molten metal or different metallurgical reactions are triggered. For this purpose, refractory, gas-permeable moldings are used in the refractory lining, in most cases in the bottom of the ovens or vessels, which are generally referred to as gas purging stones.
Die Gasspülsteine können entweder einen feuerfesten Steinkörper hoher Porosität enthalten, in welchem Fall der Gasdurchgang durch die offen Poren zwischen den feuerfesten Körnern erfolgt, oder sie enthalten einen wenig oder nicht porösen feuerfesten Steinkörper, in dem Schlitze oder Kanäle ausgebildet sind, durch welche der Gasdurchgang erfolgt. Im letztgenannten Fall spricht man von Gasspülsteinen mit gerichteter Porosität.The gas purging stones can either contain a refractory stone body of high porosity, in which case the gas passage takes place through the open pores between the refractory grains, or they contain a little or non-porous refractory stone body in which slots or channels are formed through which the gas passage takes place . In the latter case, one speaks of gas purging stones with directed porosity.
Nach der AT-B-248 936 können feuerfeste Formkörper, die mit engen Kanälen zum Einblasen von Gas in ein Metallschmelzbad versehen sind, dadurch hergestellt werden, daß Kerne oder Dorne, die zur Bildung der Kanäle bestimmt sind, in einer Gießform für den Formkörper angeordnet und in ihrer Lage gesichert werden. Sodann wird eine gießfähige feuerfesteAccording to AT-B-248 936, refractory moldings which are provided with narrow channels for blowing gas into a molten metal bath can be produced in that cores or mandrels which are intended to form the channels are arranged in a mold for the molding and secured in place. Then a pourable refractory
Masse in die Form eingebracht und verdichtet. Der erhaltene Formkörper wird ausgeschalt und getrocknet. Die für die Bildung der Kanäle bestimmten Kerne oder Dorne können Metallröhrchen sein, die im fertigen Formkörper verbleiben, oder Drähte, die aus dem geformten Körper herausgezogen werden, was erleichtert wird, wenn die Drähte mit einem Überzug versehen sind. Die Kerne oder Dorne können aber auch aus einem schmelzbaren oder verdampfbaren Material, z. B. aus Kunststoff, bestehen, das während des Trocknungsvorganges ausschmilzt oder verdampft. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde auch an die Herstellung von Formkörpern mit gekrümmten Kanälen gedacht, jedoch ohne Angaben über den Zweck einer solchen Maßnahme oder über die Art der Krümmung.Mass introduced into the mold and compacted. The molding obtained is stripped off and dried. The cores or mandrels intended for the formation of the channels can be metal tubes which remain in the finished shaped body or wires which are pulled out of the shaped body, which is facilitated if the wires are provided with a coating. The cores or mandrels can also be made of a meltable or evaporable material, e.g. B. made of plastic, which melts or evaporates during the drying process. In this context, the production of shaped bodies with curved channels was also considered, but without information about the purpose of such a measure or the type of curvature.
Im Betrieb ist das Einblasen von Gas durch den Spülstein nur während bestimmter Zeiten, z. B. während des Frischens, erforderlich. In den Zwischenzeiten, z. B. während der Probennahme oder während des Abstechens oder Beschickens, könnte die Gasfuhr abgestellt werden. Wenn man dies tut, hat es jedoch zur Folge, daß Metallschmelze in die Gaskanäl e oder in die Steinporen eindringt, dort erstarrt und die Kanäle bew. Poren verstopft. Bei der Wiederaufnahme des Gasblasens wird die eingedrungene Metallschmelze nur zum Teil wieder aufgeschmolzen und ausgehlasen. Um das Eindringen von Metallschmelze zu verhindern, pflegt man auch in den Zwischenzeiten ein Gas, z. B. ein Inertgas, durch den Spülstein zu blasen. Dies erfordert jedoch eine ständige Gaszufuhr zu dem Ofen oder Gefäß, weshalb diese Maßnahme nur bei ortsfesten Öfen oder Gefäßen angewendet werden kann. Bei beweglichen Gefäßen, etwa bei Gießpfannen, die mit dem Kran in derIn operation, the gas is blown through the sink only during certain times, e.g. B. during refreshing, required. In the meantime, e.g. B. during sampling or during parting or loading, the gas flow could be turned off. If you do this however, it has the consequence that molten metal penetrates into the gas channels or into the stone pores, solidifies there and clogs the channels. When gas blowing resumes, the metal melt which has penetrated is only partially melted and blown out again. In order to prevent the penetration of molten metal, maintain a gas in the meantime, e.g. B. an inert gas to blow through the sink. However, this requires a constant gas supply to the furnace or vessel, which is why this measure can only be used with stationary ovens or vessels. In the case of movable vessels, for example pouring ladles, which are moved by crane in the
Gießhalle verfahren werden, ist die ständige Gaszufuhr nicht möglich. Aus diesem Grund verringert sich die Spülleistung mit der Zeit infolge der Ablagerung von erstarrtem und nicht wieder aufgeschmolzenem Metall. Aus diesem Grund liegt die Spüleffizienz bei Pfannenspülsteinen mit gerichteter Porosität etwa zwischen 40 % und 85 % und bei porösen Pfannenspülsteinen etwa zwischen 60 % und 95 % der theoretischen Spülleistung, d. h. die Spülsteine können nicht während ihrer vollen theoretischen Lebensdauer im Einsatz sein, sondern müssen nach einem Bruchteil dieser Zeit, der den genannten Prozentsätzen entspricht, erneuert werden.Continuous supply of gas is not possible. For this reason, the flushing performance decreases over time due to the deposition of solidified and not remelted metal. For this reason, the rinsing efficiency for pan sinks with directional porosity is approximately between 40% and 85% and for porous pan sinks approximately between 60% and 95% of the theoretical rinsing capacity, i. H. The sink stones cannot be in use during their full theoretical lifespan, but must be replaced after a fraction of this time, which corresponds to the percentages mentioned.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, den Gasspülstein so zu gestalten, daß das Aufschmelzen und Ausblasen der Metallinfüzration nach jeder Blasunterbrechung in hohem Ausmaß möglich ist.The object of the invention is to design the gas purging plug so that the melting and blowing out of the metal infusion is possible to a large extent after each blow interruption.
Nach der Erfindung gelingt dies bei einem Spüisrein mit durchgehenden Strömungskanälen dadurch, daß die Sträπungskanäle, zumindest in dem ihren Austrittsöffnungen benachbarten Bereich, stark geneigt gegenüber der Richtung der Längsachse des Spülsteines angeordnet sind. Dabei können die Ströinungskanäle einen Neigungswinkel zwischen 15º und 60º , vorzugsweise zwischen 20º und 50º , gegenüber derjenigen Stirnfläche des Spülsteines aufweisen, welche die Austrittsöffnungen der Strömungskanäle enthält.According to the invention, this is achieved in a flushing system with continuous flow channels in that the striation channels, at least in the area adjacent to their outlet openings, are arranged in a highly inclined manner with respect to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the sink. The flow channels can have an angle of inclination between 15 ° and 60 °, preferably between 20 ° and 50 °, with respect to that end face of the sink which contains the outlet openings of the flow channels.
Bei herkömmlichen Spülsteinen mit durchgehenden Kanälen sind diese in der Regel vertikal, d. h. parallel zur Längsachse des Spülsteines angeordnet. Bei Spülsteinen mit konischer oder pyramider-stumpfförmiger Gestalt wird gelegentlich ein Teil der Strömungskenäle, und zwar die weiter außen liegenden, entsprechend der Gestalt des Spülsteines unter einem geringen Winkel gegen die Längsachse des Steirses geneigt angeordnet (z. B. AT-B-384 623).With conventional sink blocks with continuous channels, these are usually vertical, i. H. arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sink. In the case of flushing stones with a conical or truncated pyramid shape, part of the flow channels, namely those located further out, are sometimes inclined at a slight angle to the longitudinal axis of the stone, depending on the shape of the flushing stone (e.g. AT-B-384 623 ).
Wenn man annimmt, daß die eindringenden Metalls chmelztropfen bei den herkömmlichen Strömungskanälen und bei den erfindungsgemäß gestalteten, schrägen Kanälen einen gleich langen Weg zurücklegen, ist die Eindringtiefe, gemessen in Richtung der Längsachse des Spülsteines, bei den erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Kanälen geringer als bei den herkömmlichen Kanälen Da das Aufschmelzen der infiltrierten Metalltropfen aufgrund des Temperaturgefälles in Richtung der Spülsteinlängsachse nur im Nahbereich der heißseitigen Spülsteinoberfläche möglich ist, sind die Chancen für ein Aufschmelzen und Ausspülen nach der Blasunterbrechung bei den erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Gaskanälen größer als bei den herkömmlichen Kanälen.If it is assumed that the penetrating metal drops drop the same distance in the conventional flow channels and in the inclined channels designed according to the invention, that is Depth of penetration, measured in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the sink, is less for the channels designed according to the invention than for the conventional channels, since the melting of the infiltrated metal drops due to the temperature gradient in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the sink is only possible in the vicinity of the hot-sided sink surface, the chances for melting and Rinsing after the blow interruption is larger in the gas channels designed according to the invention than in the conventional channels.
Da die Spülsteine im Laufe des Betriebs einem Verschleiß unterliegen, werden nach einiger Betriebszeit Spülsteinbereiche, die ursprünglich im Inneren des Steines gelegen sind, zur heißseitigen Spülsteinoberfläche. Um auch in diesem Fall ein leichteres Aufschmelzen der eingedrungenen Metalltropfen im Sinne der Erfindung zu gewährleisten, ist es zweckmäßig, die schräge Anordnung der Strömungskanäle nicht nur im Nahbereich der heißseitigen Stirnfläche vorzusehen, sondern auch in tieferliegenden Steinbereiσhen Damit man die schräge Anordnung der Strömungskanäle auch bei beschränkter Steinbreite unterbringen kann, empfiehlt es sich nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, die Strömungskanäle schraubenlinienförmig, wellenförmig oder zick-zack-förmig auszubilden Da die Spülsteine in der Regel spätestens dann erneuert werden, wenn etwa zwei Drittel der ursprünglichen Steinhöhe verschlissen sind, kann man den erfindungsgemäßen Spülstein auch derart ausgestalten, daß die schräge, insbesondere Schraubenlinien-, wellen- oder zick-zack-förmige Ausbildung der Strömungskanäle über etwa zwei Drittel der Steinhöhe reicht, gesehen von der die Austrittsoffnungen enthaltenden Stirnfläche des Steines.Since the sink stones are subject to wear during operation, the sink area that was originally located inside the stone becomes the hot-sided sink surface after a certain period of operation. In order to ensure easier melting of the penetrated metal drops in the sense of the invention in this case as well, it is expedient to provide the oblique arrangement of the flow channels not only in the vicinity of the hot-side end face, but also in deeper stone areas so that the oblique arrangement of the flow channels is also included can accommodate limited stone width, it is recommended according to an embodiment of the invention, the flow channels to be helical, wavy or zigzag-shaped Since the sink stones are usually renewed at the latest when about two thirds of the original stone height are worn out, you can Flushing stone according to the invention also designed such that the oblique, in particular helical, wave-shaped or zigzag-shaped design of the flow channels extends over approximately two thirds of the stone height, seen from the end face containing the outlet openings che of the stone.
Bei herkömmlichen Spülsteinen, bei denen der Gasaustritt im wesentlichen in vertikaler Richtung, d. h. in Richtung der Steinlängsachse, erfolgt, bildet sich unmittelbar oberhalb der die Austrittsöffnungen enthaltenden Stirnfläche des Spülsteines eine Gasblase in der Metallschmelze aus. Diese Gasblase pulsiert und im Zuge dieses Pulsierens kommt es immer wieder zu einem Rückschlag der Metallschmelze auf die Stirnfläche des Spülsteines. Durch diese auch als "back attack" bezeichnete Erscheinung wird der Verschleiß des Spülsteines begünstigt. Durch die schräge Anordnung der Strömungskanäle und deren Austrittsoffnungen beim erfindungsgemäßen Spülstein erhält der austretende Gasstrahl einen Drall, wodurch die erwähnte Rückschlagwirkung verringert und der Verschleiß vercindert wird. Die Ausbildung dieses Dralls kann noch dadurch begünstigt werden, daß die Strömungskanäle in jedem Steinquerschnitt in rotationssymmetrischer Anordnung die gleiche Schrägstellung aufweisen. Die erfindungsgemäßen Spülsteine können in an sich bekannter, eingangs beschriebener Weise durch Einbetten kanalbildender Kerne in einen Steinkörper aus feuerfester Gießmasse hergestellt werden. Für diese Kerne kommen beispielsweise ausbrennbare, schmelzbare oder verdampfbare Materialien, wie Kunststoffe, mit einer Umhüllung, z. B. aus Kunststoff, versehene Drähte oder dünne Metallröhrchen, z. B. aus Kupfer oder Stahl, in Betracht. Diese Kerne werden so dimensioniert, daß die entstehenden Strömungskanäle eine lichte Weite in der Größenordnung von 1 mm oder weniger aufweisen. Als Gießmassen eignen sich in erster Linie solche auf der Grundlage von Hochtonerde oder Tonerde oder sogenannte "low cement castables", das sind Gießmassen, die etwa 5 Gew. -% Zement enthalten Die Grundmaterialien dieser Gießmassen sind vor allem Sintertonerde, Korund, Mullit, Mullitklinker mit 50 bis 72 Gew. -% Al2O3, Bauxit, Sinterbauxit oder Andalusit. Als Zusätze zu diesen Materialien eignen sich Oiromoxid Cr2O3, Zirkon (Zirkoniumsilikat), Zirkoniumoxid, Ton und kalzinierte Tonerde. Die Gießmassen können hydraulisch gebunden sein, z. B. mit Tonerdeschmelzzement, oder chemisch gebunden, z. B. mit einem Phosphatbindemittel. Ferner können auch Gießmassen auf Magnesiagrundlage, etwa wie in AT-B-248 936 beschrieben, angewendet werden.In conventional purging stones, in which the gas escapes essentially in the vertical direction, ie in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the stone, a gas bubble forms in the molten metal immediately above the end face of the purging stone containing the outlet openings. This gas bubble pulsates and in the course of this pulsation there is a recoil of the molten metal on the front surface of the sink. This phenomenon, also known as "back attack", favors the wear of the sink. Due to the oblique arrangement of the flow channels and their outlet openings in the sink according to the invention, the exiting gas jet is given a swirl, as a result of which the above-mentioned kickback effect is reduced and wear is reduced. The formation of this swirl can be further favored in that the flow channels have the same inclination in each stone cross-section in a rotationally symmetrical arrangement. The flushing stones according to the invention can be produced in a manner known per se and described at the outset by embedding channel-forming cores in a stone body made of refractory casting compound. For these cores come, for example, burnable, fusible or evaporable materials, such as plastics, with a covering, e.g. B. made of plastic, provided wires or thin metal tubes, for. B. made of copper or steel. These cores are dimensioned in such a way that the resulting flow channels have a clear width of the order of 1 mm or less. Suitable casting compounds are primarily those based on high alumina or alumina or so-called "low cement castables", that is casting compounds which contain about 5% by weight of cement. The basic materials of these casting compounds are primarily sintered clay, corundum, mullite, mullite clinker with 50 to 72% by weight of Al 2 O 3 , bauxite, sintered bauxite or andalusite. Oiromoxide Cr 2 O 3 , zirconium (zirconium silicate), zirconium oxide, clay and calcined alumina are suitable as additives to these materials. The casting compounds can be hydraulically bound, e.g. B. with alumina cement, or chemically bound, e.g. B. with a phosphate binder. Casting compositions based on magnesia, for example as described in AT-B-248 936, can also be used.
In den Zeichnungen sind in Fig. 1 bis 3 drei Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Gasspülsteines in schematischer schaubildlicher Darstellung, teilweise aufgeschnitten gezeigt. Fig. 4 zeigt eine Einzelheit des Spülsteines nach Fig. 2 im Längsschnitt. Der Gasspülstein nach Fig. 1 besitzt einen aus feuerfester Gießmasse hergestellten feuerfesten Formkörper 1, einen Blechmantel 2 und ein mit letzterem verschweißtes Bodenhlech 3, an dem mittig ein Gaszuführungsröhr 4 angesetzt ist. Dieses Rohr 4 mündet in eine GasVerteilungskammer, die mit einem gasdurchlässigen Plättchen 5 aus porösem feuerfestem Material ausgefüllt ist. Für dieses Plättchen 5 kann beispielsweise ein poröses feuerfestes Material verwendet werden, das nach dem Verfahren der AT-B-374 164 hergestellt worden ist. Der Gasspülstein sitzt in einem Lochstein 6, von dem aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nur ein Viertel dargestellt ist. Im feuerfesten Formkörper 1 sind Strömungskanale 7 angeordnet, welche in dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel schraubenlinienförmig ausgebildet sind. Der gezeigte Gasspülstein besitzt 17 derartige Strömungskanale 7, die gleichmäßig über den Kreis quers chnitt verteilt angeordnet sind. Aus Gründen der Deutlichkeit ist in der Zeichnung nur ein derartiger Strömungskanal 7 dargestellt und einige weitere sind angedeutet. Die Strömungskanäle verlaufen von der mit dem gasdurchlässigen Plättσhen 5 ausgefüllten Gasverteilungskammer an der Kaltseite des Spülsteines bis zu seiner heißseitigen Stirnfläche 8, in der sich die Austrittsoffnungen der Strömungskanäle 7 befinden. Zur Herstellung des Spülsteines kann in vorteilhafter Weise so vorgegangen werden, daß man zunächst den Blechmantel 2, das Bodenblech 3 und das Gaszuführungsröhr 4 jeweils miteinander verschweißt und in den entstandenen Hohlraum das gasdurchlässige Plättchen 5 und die Kerne zur Bildung der Strömungskanale 7 einführt und in ihrer Lage sichert. Dann wird eine feuerfeste Gießmasse eingeführt, verdichtet und anschließend durch Erhitzen getrocknet. Falls die Kerne aus einem in der Hitze verzehrbaren (ausbrennbaren, schmelzbaren oder verdampfbaren) Material, wie Kunststoff, oder aus mit einem solchen Material umhüllten Drähten bestehen, werden bei der Trocknung die Strömungskanale 7 ausgebildet. Im Falle der Drähte können diese im Spülstein verbleiben und der Gasdurchgang erfolgt durch den zufolge des Verschwindens der Umhüllung freiwerdenden Raum.1 to 3, three exemplary embodiments of the gas purging plug according to the invention are shown in a schematic, diagrammatic illustration, partially cut away. Fig. 4 shows a detail of the sink of Fig. 2 in longitudinal section. 1 has a refractory molded body 1 made of refractory casting compound, a sheet metal jacket 2 and a base plate 3 welded to the latter, to which a gas supply tube 4 is attached in the center. This tube 4 opens into a gas distribution chamber which is filled with a gas-permeable plate 5 made of porous refractory material. For this plate 5, for example, a porous refractory material can be used, which has been produced according to the method of AT-B-374 164. The gas purging plug sits in a perforated brick 6, of which only a quarter is shown for reasons of clarity. Flow channels 7 are arranged in the refractory molded body 1 and are formed in a helical shape in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The gas purging plug shown has 17 such flow channels 7, which are arranged in a cross-section evenly distributed over the circle. For the sake of clarity, only one such flow channel 7 is shown in the drawing and some others are indicated. The flow channels run from the gas distribution chamber filled with the gas-permeable plate 5 on the cold side of the sink to its hot-side end face 8, in which the outlet openings of the flow channels 7 are located. To produce the sink, it can be carried out in an advantageous manner by first welding the sheet metal jacket 2, the base plate 3 and the gas supply tube 4 together and inserting the gas-permeable plate 5 and the cores to form the flow channels 7 into the resulting cavity Secures location. A refractory casting compound is then introduced, compacted and then dried by heating. If the cores consist of a heat-consumable (burnable, meltable or evaporable) material, such as plastic, or of wires covered with such a material, the flow channels 7 are formed during drying. In the case of the wires, they can remain in the sink and the passage of gas occurs due to the space being freed up due to the disappearance of the sheath.
Der Gasspülstein nach Fig. 2 entspricht demjenigen nach Fig. 1 mit dem Unterschied, daß die Strömungskanäle 7' zick-zack- oder wellenförmig ausgeführt sind und daß die Gasverteilungskammer 9 als Hohlraum ausgebildet ist. Der Spülstein nach Fig. 2 kann in der gleichen Weise, wie bei Fig. 1 beschrieben, hergestellt werden, wobei jedoch statt des gasdurchlässigen Plättchens 5 ein entsprechend geformter Körper aus einem verzehrbaren Material, z. B. Styropor, eingebracht wird, der beim Erhitzen während des Trocknens der Gießmasse verschwindet und dieThe gas purging plug according to FIG. 2 corresponds to that according to FIG. 1 with the difference that the flow channels 7 'are designed in a zigzag or undulating manner and that the gas distribution chamber 9 is designed as a cavity. 2 can be produced in the same manner as described in FIG. 1, but instead of the gas-permeable plate 5, a correspondingly shaped body made of an edible material, e.g. B. Styrofoam, is introduced, which disappears when heated while drying the casting compound and the
Gasverteilungskammer freigibt.Gas distribution chamber releases.
Aus Fig. 4 ist ersichtlich, daß die Strömungskanäle 7', von denen der Einfachheit halber nur einer gezeichnet ist, einen Neigungswinkel α gegenüber der Stirnfläche 8 aufweisen, welche die Austrittsoffnungen der Strömungskanale enthält. In der rechten Hälfte der Fig. 4 ist zum Vergleich gestrichelt ein herkömmlicher vertikaler Strömungskanal eingezeichnet. Wenn man annimmt, daß bei einer Unterbrechung des Gasblasens die Metallschmelze über eine Strecke x in den Kanal eindringt und dort erstarrt, so ist ersichtlich, daß die Eindringtiefe, gemessen als vertikaler Abstand von der Stirnfläche (8), beim erfindungsgemäßenFrom Fig. 4 it can be seen that the flow channels 7 ', of which only one is drawn for the sake of simplicity, have an angle of inclination α with respect to the end face 8 which contains the outlet openings of the flow channels. A conventional vertical flow channel is shown in dashed lines in the right half of FIG. 4 for comparison. If one assumes that if the gas blowing is interrupted, the metal melt penetrates into the channel over a distance x and solidifies there, it can be seen that the depth of penetration, measured as a vertical distance from the end face (8), in the invention
Strömungskanal 7' nur x·sin α beträgt und somit geringer ist als die Eindringtiefe x beim herkömmlichen vertikalen Strömungskanal. Wenn die Stirnfläche 8 wieder mit Hitze beaufschlagt wird und das Gasblasen wieder aufgenommen wird, kann das eingedrungene Metall beim erfindungsgemäßen Strömungskanal leichter aufgeschmolzen und ausgeblasen werden als beim herkömmlichen Strömungskanal.Flow channel 7 'is only x · sin α and is therefore less than the penetration depth x in the conventional vertical flow channel. If the end face 8 is subjected to heat again and the gas blowing is resumed, the metal which has penetrated can be used in the invention Flow channel are melted and blown out more easily than with the conventional flow channel.
Bei der Ausführungsform des Gasspülsteines nach Fig. 3 reicht die in diesem Fall kegelstumpfförmige Gasverteilungskammer über etwa ein Drittel der Steinhöhe, beispielsweise 80 his 100 mm, und ist mit einem gasdurchlässigen Körper 5' aus porösem feuerfestem Material ausgefüllt. Damit wird eine optische Reststärkenanzeige für den Zeitpunkt geschaffen, zu dem eine Erneuerung des Spülsteines fällig ist. Sobald nämlich der Spülstein bis zum gasdurchlässigen Körper 5' verschlissen ist, wird der Körper 5' an der Heißseite sichtbar.In the embodiment of the gas purging plug according to FIG. 3, the frustoconical gas distribution chamber in this case extends over approximately a third of the stone height, for example 80 to 100 mm, and is filled with a gas-permeable body 5 'made of porous refractory material. This creates an optical residual strength indicator for the point in time when the sink needs to be replaced. As soon as the sink is worn down to the gas-permeable body 5 ', the body 5' becomes visible on the hot side.
Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3 sind die Strömungskanale 7 schraubenlinienförmig um Stützkörper 10 angeordnet, welche im feuerfesten Formkörper 1 eingebettet sind. Diese Stützkörper 10 sind zweckmäßig kegelstumpfförmig und können ebenso wie der zur Gasverteilung dienende Körper 5' aus einem nach den Verfahren der AT-B-374 164 hergestellten, porösen feuerfesten Material bestehen. Falls die Stützkörper 10 gasdurchlässig sind, bieten sie zusätzliche Möglichkeiten für den Gasdurchgang. Die Schraubenlinien- oder spiralförmigen Strömungskanäle 7 reichen über die ganze Höhe der Stützkörper (10); in der Zeichnung sind sie jedoch wegen der einfacheren Darstellung nur im oberen Bereich angedeutet,In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the flow channels 7 are arranged helically around support bodies 10, which are embedded in the refractory molded body 1. These support bodies 10 are expediently frustoconical and, like the body 5 ′ serving for gas distribution, can consist of a porous refractory material produced according to the method of AT-B-374 164. If the support bodies 10 are gas-permeable, they offer additional options for the gas passage. The helical or spiral flow channels 7 extend over the entire height of the support body (10); in the drawing, however, they are only indicated in the upper area because of the simpler representation,
Falls zur Bildung der Strömungskanäle 7, 7' dünne Metallröhrchen verwendet werden, kann man die Gasverteilungskammer 9 gegen den feuerfesten Formkörper 1 durch ein Metallgehäuse abdichten und die Metallröhrchen mit dem Metallgehäuse gasdicht verschweißen, wodurch eine Beaufschlagung des feuerfesten Formkörpers 1 mit dem Spülgas verhindert wird.If thin metal tubes are used to form the flow channels 7, 7 ', the gas distribution chamber 9 can be sealed against the refractory molded body 1 by a metal housing and the metal tubes welded gas-tight to the metal housing, thereby preventing the refractory molded body 1 from being exposed to the flushing gas.
Es versteht sich, daß die oben beschriebenen Varianten für die Strömungskanäle einerseits und für die Gasverteilung anderseits beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden können Die Schraubenlinien- oder spiralförmigen Strömungskanäle können auch ineinander verschachtelt angeordnet werden It goes without saying that the variants described above for the flow channels on the one hand and for the gas distribution on the other hand can be combined with one another as desired. The helical or spiral flow channels can also be arranged nested within one another
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019890701913A KR900700638A (en) | 1988-02-19 | 1989-02-17 | Permeable element |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT40488 | 1988-02-19 | ||
| ATA404/88 | 1988-02-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1989007659A1 true WO1989007659A1 (en) | 1989-08-24 |
Family
ID=3489722
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/AT1989/000015 Ceased WO1989007659A1 (en) | 1988-02-19 | 1989-02-17 | Gas-permeable block for metallurgical operations |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP0356483A1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR900700638A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE62937T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU610697B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE58900091D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2021894B3 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU891288D0 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN170797B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1989007659A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA891290B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104540615A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-04-22 | 里弗雷克特里知识产权两合公司 | Refractory ceramic gas purge plug and process for manufacturing said gas purge plug |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE470009B (en) * | 1991-03-04 | 1993-10-25 | Stiftelsen Metallurg Forsk | Method and apparatus for gas flushing metal melts in a container |
| DE9103595U1 (en) * | 1991-03-23 | 1991-07-04 | Martin & Pagenstecher GmbH, 5000 Köln | Blowing device for a metallurgical vessel |
| DE4419811C1 (en) * | 1994-06-07 | 1995-04-27 | Plibrico Gmbh | Gas bubble brick with wear indicator |
| WO1995033587A1 (en) * | 1994-06-08 | 1995-12-14 | Veitsch-Radex Aktiengesellschaft Für Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse | Scavening device for use with a metallurgical vessel, in particular a steel-making converter |
| FR2739312B1 (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-10-31 | Lorraine Laminage | POROUS ELEMENT FOR THE REFINEMENT OF A LIQUID METAL IN A METALLURGICAL CONTAINER |
| DE19619204C1 (en) * | 1996-05-11 | 1997-05-22 | Veitsch Radex Ag | Gas flushing system |
| DE19701806C2 (en) * | 1997-01-21 | 1998-11-19 | Didier Werke Ag | Use of a wire mesh |
| FR2758486B1 (en) * | 1997-01-23 | 1999-03-26 | Savoie Refractaires | IMPROVED DEVICE FOR BLOWING A GAS INTO A MOLTEN METAL |
| DE19750046A1 (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 1999-05-20 | Wilhelm Gerhard Venn | Gas purging plug with spiral gas channel |
| JP3126122B1 (en) * | 1999-08-19 | 2001-01-22 | 東京窯業株式会社 | Gas blowing plug and method of manufacturing the same |
| DE102005029033B4 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2007-10-11 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Stopper e.g. for metallurgical melting pot, has rod like shape made from fireproof ceramic material with first end extending axially to opening in direction of second end |
| PL1736260T3 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2007-12-31 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co Kg | Stopper rod |
| DE102006031687B4 (en) * | 2006-07-08 | 2008-08-14 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | element |
| UA126511C2 (en) * | 2020-10-05 | 2022-10-19 | Товариство З Обмеженою Відповідальністю "Іннотех-Сплав" | A method for processing liquid metal with a gas medium in a metallurgical tank and a device for its implementation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1200544B (en) * | 1964-02-06 | 1965-09-09 | Hufnagl Walter | Duese of capillaries |
| EP0080403A1 (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1983-06-01 | UNION SIDERURGIQUE DU NORD ET DE L'EST DE LA FRANCE par abréviation "USINOR" | Installation for introducing gas into a bath of liquid metal |
| AT376701B (en) * | 1979-04-25 | 1984-12-27 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | GAS-PERMEABLE CONSTRUCTION BODY FROM REFRACTOR-RESISTANT MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
-
1989
- 1989-02-17 WO PCT/AT1989/000015 patent/WO1989007659A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-02-17 KR KR1019890701913A patent/KR900700638A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-02-17 EP EP89902368A patent/EP0356483A1/en active Pending
- 1989-02-17 AU AU30619/89A patent/AU610697B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-02-17 EP EP89890042A patent/EP0329645B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-17 DE DE8989890042T patent/DE58900091D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-17 AT AT89890042T patent/ATE62937T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-17 ES ES89890042T patent/ES2021894B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-17 HU HU891288A patent/HU891288D0/en unknown
- 1989-02-20 ZA ZA891290A patent/ZA891290B/en unknown
- 1989-02-21 IN IN150/CAL/89A patent/IN170797B/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1200544B (en) * | 1964-02-06 | 1965-09-09 | Hufnagl Walter | Duese of capillaries |
| AT376701B (en) * | 1979-04-25 | 1984-12-27 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | GAS-PERMEABLE CONSTRUCTION BODY FROM REFRACTOR-RESISTANT MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| EP0080403A1 (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1983-06-01 | UNION SIDERURGIQUE DU NORD ET DE L'EST DE LA FRANCE par abréviation "USINOR" | Installation for introducing gas into a bath of liquid metal |
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| Title |
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| Radex-Rundschau, 1983, Heft 3, B. Graber et al.: "Einsatz und Verschleiss von Sp}lsteinen in der Sekund{rmetallurgie" Seiten 179-208 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104540615A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-04-22 | 里弗雷克特里知识产权两合公司 | Refractory ceramic gas purge plug and process for manufacturing said gas purge plug |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HU891288D0 (en) | 1990-03-28 |
| AU610697B2 (en) | 1991-05-23 |
| DE58900091D1 (en) | 1991-05-29 |
| KR900700638A (en) | 1990-08-16 |
| EP0356483A1 (en) | 1990-03-07 |
| ATE62937T1 (en) | 1991-05-15 |
| EP0329645A1 (en) | 1989-08-23 |
| EP0329645B1 (en) | 1991-04-24 |
| IN170797B (en) | 1992-05-23 |
| ZA891290B (en) | 1991-10-30 |
| AU3061989A (en) | 1989-09-06 |
| ES2021894B3 (en) | 1991-11-16 |
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