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WO1989001385A1 - Dispositif d'usinage de pieces a usiner - Google Patents

Dispositif d'usinage de pieces a usiner Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1989001385A1
WO1989001385A1 PCT/DE1988/000424 DE8800424W WO8901385A1 WO 1989001385 A1 WO1989001385 A1 WO 1989001385A1 DE 8800424 W DE8800424 W DE 8800424W WO 8901385 A1 WO8901385 A1 WO 8901385A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
workpiece
radiation
laser
wavelength
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE1988/000424
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Friedrich Dausinger
Werner Müller
Eckart Von Roda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO1989001385A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989001385A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
    • B23K26/032—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece using optical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
    • B23K26/034—Observing the temperature of the workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a workpiece processing device according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a device for machining workpieces by means of laser beams has become known which allows an accurate, direct temperature measurement of a heated area of the workpiece to be machined.
  • the device is equipped with a radiation detector which is exposed to the heat radiation of the workpiece heated by the laser beam.
  • the radiation detector emits an output signal which is dependent on the strength of the thermal radiation and which is evaluated for the power control of the laser.
  • the zone of the workpiece to be processed, for example to be hardened, is heated by the laser beam, which essentially has a single, relatively large wavelength.
  • the intensity of the heat radiation emitted as a result of the local heating of the workpiece is measured and the power of the laser beam is controlled as a function of the intensity of the measured heat radiation.
  • the heating of the workpiece zone is ended as soon as the measured intensity reaches a predetermined threshold value.
  • the laser is either switched off or the laser beam is interrupted by means of a cover which can be introduced into the beam path. Good results can be achieved with this because the Workpiece surface is no longer heated and not at a higher temperature than is required for the respective processing.
  • the radiation detector is arranged in such a way that it is hit directly by the heat radiation emanating from the workpiece.
  • the workpiece machining device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that it is suitable for temperature-controlled or temperature-controlled machining of both external and internal workpiece surfaces by means of laser radiation with constant accuracy of the temperature measurement.
  • Each heat treatment process on a workpiece can be carried out in a temperature-controlled or temperature-controlled manner.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the device consists in that a heat reflection filter is used as the reflector, which filter is essentially transparent to the radiation with the wavelength of the laser radiation and is essentially impermeable to the heat radiation emanating from the workpiece.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description.
  • the figure shows an overall schematic view of the workpiece machining device.
  • 1 designates a laser which is known per se and which emits a beam 2 which is essentially of a single wavelength.
  • a workpiece 3 to be machined with an inner bore 4 is arranged on an adjustable support (not shown) in such a way that the bottom 5 of the bore 4 is heated by the laser beam 2, for example for the purpose of surface hardening.
  • a mirror 6 is arranged, which deflects the radiation in the direction of the workpiece 3.
  • a focusing device 7, for example in the form of a lens, lies between the mirror 6 and the workpiece 3 in the beam path of the laser beam 2 in order to focus it on the bottom 5 of the bore 4 or at another desired location on the workpiece.
  • the heat radiation emanating from the workpiece 3 when it is heated (IR radiation of the wavelength 780 nm-1 mm) is recorded by a radiation detector 9 which responds to the wavelength range of this radiation.
  • a reflector 10 designed as a plane plate is arranged in the beam path 2 of the laser 1, which is transparent to the laser radiation 2 while deflecting the heat radiation 8 emitted by the workpiece 3 in the direction of the detector 9.
  • the latter supplies an electrical output signal which is proportional to the strength of the heat radiation 8 and which, after amplification, is fed as an actual value to a control circuit 11 to which the laser 1 is connected.
  • the control circuit 11 endeavors to keep the laser power, ie the energy of the beam 2, at a setpoint previously entered in the control circuit.
  • a carbon dioxide (CO) laser whose radiation has a wavelength of approximately 10.6 ⁇ m is preferably used as the laser.
  • Pyroelectric detectors can be used as radiation detectors, which have their greatest sensitivities at wavelengths of approximately 800 nm - 5 ⁇ m.
  • the wavelength and the intensity of the heat radiation of the workpiece 3 depend on its temperature. When the temperature rises, the intensity of the heat radiation increases and its peak wavelength shifts in the direction of smaller wavelengths. However, the values always differ significantly from the wavelength of the laser radiation, which in the case of a CO laser is considerably longer-wave than the thermal radiation of the workpiece 3. It is thus possible to determine the temperatures in the area in which the workpiece is heated to measure directly. The workpiece can thus always be brought to the same temperature, regardless of the output power of the laser.
  • That part of the heat radiation of the heated workpiece 3 which is coaxial or parallel to the laser beam 2 is detected and evaluated in the proposed workpiece processing device.
  • This part of the heat radiation is reflected out of the beam path at one point - in the exemplary embodiment between deflecting mirror 6 and laser 1 - and fed to the radiation detector 9. Since the wavelengths of the heat radiation and the laser radiation differ significantly from one another, a clean separation by means of a heat reflection filter 12 is possible, which is impermeable to the heat radiation 8 but essentially transparent to the laser radiation 2.
  • the heat reflection filter 12 is applied in the form of, for example, a vapor-deposited coating on a carrier which is transparent to the laser radiation 2, for example a glass plate 13.
  • the heat reflection filter 11 is preferably designed as a multilayer interference filter with a blocking area for the heat radiation 8 emanating from the workpiece 3 and a pass-through area for the laser radiation 2.
  • the workpiece machining device described is preferably used for surface hardening of workpieces, with the advantage that internal zones, for example bores and the like, can also be hardened in a heat-controlled manner.
  • the device can also be used for cutting and welding materials, the radiation detector 9 ensuring that the power of the laser 1 is in each case based on a predetermined setpoint. Both the surface treatment and the joining and separating are possible with a minimum of heat introduced, the beam guidance allowing a heat-controlled treatment in difficult to access places.
  • the laser selected is a CO laser with an initial wavelength of approximately 10.6 ⁇ m
  • lasers which work at a different wavelength can also be used.
  • a YAG laser could be used, the radiation of which has a wavelength of approximately 1.06 ⁇ m. It is essential that the wavelength of the laser radiation differs from the wavelength of the IR radiation emitted by the heated workpiece.
  • the parallel beam guidance of the cavity radiation to the laser radiation enables precise heat treatment at every point on the workpiece that can be reached by the laser beam.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif d'usinage de pièces à usiner comprend un laser (1) et un détecteur (1) de rayonnements exposé au rayonnement thermique (8) émis par la pièce à usiner (3) chauffée et qui permet de régler la puissance du laser (1). Un réflecteur (10) tranparent au rayonnement laser (2) est agencé dans le trajet du rayonnement du laser (1) et dévie le rayonnement thermique (8) émis par la pièce à usiner (3) vers le détecteur (9) agencé à l'extérieur du trajet du rayonnement.
PCT/DE1988/000424 1987-08-08 1988-07-07 Dispositif d'usinage de pieces a usiner Ceased WO1989001385A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873726466 DE3726466A1 (de) 1987-08-08 1987-08-08 Werkstueckbearbeitungsvorrichtung
DEP3726466.4 1987-08-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989001385A1 true WO1989001385A1 (fr) 1989-02-23

Family

ID=6333379

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1988/000424 Ceased WO1989001385A1 (fr) 1987-08-08 1988-07-07 Dispositif d'usinage de pieces a usiner

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3726466A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989001385A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5041714A (en) * 1987-11-25 1991-08-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Workpiece processing arrangement
WO1994006943A1 (fr) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-31 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Procede pour modifier la microstructure de rails metalliques
US7046267B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2006-05-16 Markem Corporation Striping and clipping correction
US7167194B2 (en) 2000-04-18 2007-01-23 Laserink Printing a code on a product
US7394479B2 (en) 2005-03-02 2008-07-01 Marken Corporation Pulsed laser printing
WO2015197249A1 (fr) * 2014-06-27 2015-12-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de production d'un composant
US10583668B2 (en) 2018-08-07 2020-03-10 Markem-Imaje Corporation Symbol grouping and striping for wide field matrix laser marking

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3934640C1 (de) * 1989-10-17 1991-02-28 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Temperaturregelung bei Laserbestrahlung
DE4025851A1 (de) * 1990-08-16 1992-02-20 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Einrichtung zur messung rueckgestreuter strahlung
DE4028974A1 (de) * 1990-09-12 1992-03-19 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur bestimmung der fokuslage
DE4310409C2 (de) * 1993-03-31 1998-01-15 Dresden Ev Inst Festkoerper Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Strahldiagnose bei der definierten Laserbestrahlung
DE9403822U1 (de) * 1994-03-08 1995-07-06 Berkenhoff & Drebes GmbH, 35614 Aßlar Überwachungsvorrichtung für Laserstrahlung
DE10259177B4 (de) * 2002-12-18 2010-11-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Durchführung eines Schweißprozesses

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2200696A1 (de) * 1971-01-11 1972-07-20 Honeywell Inc Verarbeitungseinrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Werkstuecken mittels Laserstrahlen
US4009453A (en) * 1974-10-16 1977-02-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Narrow-band interference filter and its application in a laser system
US4544839A (en) * 1982-12-16 1985-10-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Laser beam monitoring system
US4581280A (en) * 1982-09-07 1986-04-08 Nippon Soken, Inc. Heat-blocking glass
US4673795A (en) * 1984-10-15 1987-06-16 General Electric Company Integrated robotic laser material processing and imaging system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2200696A1 (de) * 1971-01-11 1972-07-20 Honeywell Inc Verarbeitungseinrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Werkstuecken mittels Laserstrahlen
US4009453A (en) * 1974-10-16 1977-02-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Narrow-band interference filter and its application in a laser system
US4581280A (en) * 1982-09-07 1986-04-08 Nippon Soken, Inc. Heat-blocking glass
US4544839A (en) * 1982-12-16 1985-10-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Laser beam monitoring system
US4673795A (en) * 1984-10-15 1987-06-16 General Electric Company Integrated robotic laser material processing and imaging system

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5041714A (en) * 1987-11-25 1991-08-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Workpiece processing arrangement
WO1994006943A1 (fr) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-31 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Procede pour modifier la microstructure de rails metalliques
US7167194B2 (en) 2000-04-18 2007-01-23 Laserink Printing a code on a product
US7046267B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2006-05-16 Markem Corporation Striping and clipping correction
US7394479B2 (en) 2005-03-02 2008-07-01 Marken Corporation Pulsed laser printing
WO2015197249A1 (fr) * 2014-06-27 2015-12-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de production d'un composant
CN106471137A (zh) * 2014-06-27 2017-03-01 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于制造构件元件的方法
US10583668B2 (en) 2018-08-07 2020-03-10 Markem-Imaje Corporation Symbol grouping and striping for wide field matrix laser marking

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3726466A1 (de) 1989-02-16

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