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WO1989000890A1 - Method and apparatus for coating elongated steel objects, particularly concrete reinforcement steels and formed steels - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for coating elongated steel objects, particularly concrete reinforcement steels and formed steels Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989000890A1
WO1989000890A1 PCT/FI1988/000123 FI8800123W WO8900890A1 WO 1989000890 A1 WO1989000890 A1 WO 1989000890A1 FI 8800123 W FI8800123 W FI 8800123W WO 8900890 A1 WO8900890 A1 WO 8900890A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
objects
coating
coated
steels
pull
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI1988/000123
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Markku Juhani Fingerroos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TEOLLISUUSMAALAAMO KY M FINGERROOS
Original Assignee
TEOLLISUUSMAALAAMO KY M FINGERROOS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TEOLLISUUSMAALAAMO KY M FINGERROOS filed Critical TEOLLISUUSMAALAAMO KY M FINGERROOS
Publication of WO1989000890A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989000890A1/en
Priority to DK020790A priority Critical patent/DK20790D0/en
Priority to NO900360A priority patent/NO900360D0/en
Priority to SE9000318A priority patent/SE9000318L/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C13/00—Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles
    • B05C13/02—Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles for particular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/20—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/12—Applying particulate materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2401/00—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like
    • B05D2401/30—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant
    • B05D2401/32—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant applied as powders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0218—Pretreatment, e.g. heating the substrate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for coating elongated steel objects, particularly concrete reinforceme steels and formed steels in accordance with the preamble o claim 1.
  • the invention also concerns an apparatus for the implement tion of the method.
  • each applied paint or coati layer requires a separate treatment and drying period (several days), and the smaller the dimensions of the treated object, the more difficult it is to obtain a sufficiently homogenous layer by manual methods.
  • the aim-of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the aforementioned prior art technology and t provide a completely novel type of method and apparatus for coating elongated objects.
  • the invention is based on the principle outlined in the following.
  • the system concerned is an automatic machinery, which can be used by means of, e.g., roller conveyor-type transporter and different kinds of transfer sledges as well as opposingly clamping pull rolle made of a special rubber compound, for transferring reinforcing steels down to very thin diameters through the powder coating process without touching the coated surface in the intermediate process stages.
  • the steels are powder coated after the preheating stage i an unsupportedly hanging posture using a sequence of automated electrostatic powder guns in a trapeze mounting.
  • the coated steels are conveyed through a vortex flow baki oven, and the baking process lasts about 60...120 seconds.
  • the system uses a separate, wet cooling roller equipped w pneumatic power cylinders, cooling spray nozzles (drippin water) and water-cooled pull rollers coated with a specia rubber compound. Finally, the cured product is conveyed forward through an electronic test device.
  • the construction in accordance with the invention offers significant benefits.
  • coating process time is shortened by several days compared with that of conventio technology, a more homogenous product with high quality i obtained at lower cost even for objects subjected to heav immersion loads or objects including architectural detail or the like.
  • the computed throughput performance of the apparatus in accordance with the invention indicates a s
  • the invention is also offers decrease in time consumption, decreased handling costs, manpower, process building volum and heat/energy needs.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the apparatus in accordance with the invention in a partially diagrammatic longitudinally sectioned side view.
  • a precleaned steel 2 (surface cleaned to class Sa 2.5 according to SFS standards) is freely conveyed on a roller conveyor line 1, 1' or on a special sledge 16, onto which the steels are spread over the entire width of the roller conveyor line 1, 1'.
  • the roller conveyor line 1, 1' is
  • preheating oven 6 which may be heated by gas, oil electric induction.
  • the supplied heat capacity of the oven must be sufficient to achieve an uncomplicated heating of the.steels to a temperature of about 250 °C at a conveyor speed of 0.5...5 m/min.
  • roller conveyor line 1, 1' terminates at a last roller l r , from which onwards the steels 2 proceed unsupported in the transfer direction in freely hanging posture.
  • the preheated steels 2 are conveyed next in the direction the roller conveyor line 1, 1' into a spraying chamber 7, which the actual powder coating takes place by sets of automatically operating spray guns.
  • the amounts of powder applications can be adjusted by pneumatic controls and by altering the number of guns in order to achieve a desired coating thickness as defined in coating standards.
  • the attainable coatings are in the range of 60...1000 ⁇ m by a single spraying operation.
  • a baking oven 9, 10 is an important unit in the process, because this oven takes care of the single-run baking, in which the freely hanging steels 2 are throughout baked in about 60...120 seconds, which is sufficient for quickly melting powders to become completely cured thus forming a homogeneous, pore-free coating.
  • Next unit in the system is a wet roller 12 vertically con trolled by a pneumatic power cylinder, arranged to make first contact with the hanging steel 2, which simultaneou is subjected to a cooling water spray.
  • Cylinders 11 syn ⁇ chronously contribute to the operation by lifting the article 2 again onto a processing bed formed by a second roller conveyor line 16.
  • Indicated by reference number 13 a high-capacity cooling system with spray nozzles, which capable of bringing the temperature of the baked steels d to about 50...80 °C in order to make the coating of the steels durable to take the friction and pressure imposed the water-cooled pull rollers 14 of a special rubber co - pound.
  • the system also incorporates a pneumatic control 1 for the rollers 14.
  • the ready-coated and cooled steels 2 routed through a test apparatus 15, which verifies the integrity of the applied coating. After these operations, the ready article is transferred to a packing and bunching line.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The publication discloses a method and apparatus for coating elongated steel objects (2), particularly concrete reinforcement steels and formed steels. By virtue of the method and apparatus, the objects to be coated are pre-cleaned, after which they are coated by a coating material still in a first state, and the coating is subjected to treatment so as to make it reach a second, final state. According to the invention, the pre-cleaned objects (2) are pre-heated (6) to a temperature of 220...300°C, preferably 250...270°C. In the next stage the objects are powder-coated with a coating material of thermoplastic powder in an unsupportedly hanging posture using spray guns (7) until a coating thickness of 50 mum minimum is achieved. Subsequently, the powder-coated objects (2) are brought to a temperature of 200...250°C in a baking oven so that the coating will be completely cured thus forming a homogeneously sealed layer, after which the coated objects (2) are cooled for further processing.

Description

4.
Method and apparatus for coating elongated steel objects, particularly concrete reinforcement steels and formed stee
5 The present invention relates to a method for coating elongated steel objects, particularly concrete reinforceme steels and formed steels in accordance with the preamble o claim 1.
10 The invention also concerns an apparatus for the implement tion of the method.
Known in prior art are various brush and spray application methods for wet coating of different kinds of steel 15 surfaces. Furthermore it is known that in demanding stress conditions several coating applications are required to achieve a sufficiently uniform and thick coating for reliable resistance to corrosion.
20 A similarly known fact is that each applied paint or coati layer requires a separate treatment and drying period (several days), and the smaller the dimensions of the treated object, the more difficult it is to obtain a sufficiently homogenous layer by manual methods. By the sa
25 token, the nonexistence of automatic machines for wet coating is obvious, since there is no way of supporting a wet object without subjecting it to damage during manipulation.
30 The aim-of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the aforementioned prior art technology and t provide a completely novel type of method and apparatus for coating elongated objects.
35 Among other things, the invention is based on the principle outlined in the following. Thus, the system concerned is an automatic machinery, which can be used by means of, e.g., roller conveyor-type transporter and different kinds of transfer sledges as well as opposingly clamping pull rolle made of a special rubber compound, for transferring reinforcing steels down to very thin diameters through the powder coating process without touching the coated surface in the intermediate process stages.
The steels are powder coated after the preheating stage i an unsupportedly hanging posture using a sequence of automated electrostatic powder guns in a trapeze mounting. The coated steels are conveyed through a vortex flow baki oven, and the baking process lasts about 60...120 seconds.
The system uses a separate, wet cooling roller equipped w pneumatic power cylinders, cooling spray nozzles (drippin water) and water-cooled pull rollers coated with a specia rubber compound. Finally, the cured product is conveyed forward through an electronic test device.
More specifically, the method in accordance with the inve tion is characterized by what is stated in the character¬ izing part of claim 1.
Furthermore, the apparatus in accordance with the inventi is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 3.
The construction in accordance with the invention offers significant benefits. Thus, coating process time is shortened by several days compared with that of conventio technology, a more homogenous product with high quality i obtained at lower cost even for objects subjected to heav immersion loads or objects including architectural detail or the like. The computed throughput performance of the apparatus in accordance with the invention indicates a s
10-fold speed improvement in precleaning and three-layer coating stages in relation to manual methods, with a parallel improvement in quality.
5 The invention is also offers decrease in time consumption, decreased handling costs, manpower, process building volum and heat/energy needs.
In the following, the invention will be examined in more 10 detail by means of the exemplifying embodiment illustrated in the attached drawing. The figure shows an embodiment of the apparatus in accordance with the invention in a partially diagrammatic longitudinally sectioned side view.
15 A precleaned steel 2 (surface cleaned to class Sa 2.5 according to SFS standards) is freely conveyed on a roller conveyor line 1, 1' or on a special sledge 16, onto which the steels are spread over the entire width of the roller conveyor line 1, 1'. The roller conveyor line 1, 1' is
20 driven by an inverter-type power supply, thus allowing a εtepless speed control, whereby the steels 2 may be convey using a desired speed. At the approach of the steels 2, th contacting pull rollers 4 of a special rubber compound are detracted from each other by an power cylinder mechanism 3
25 whereby the steels can enter between the rollers 4.
Subsequently the cylinders 3 perform a clamping action, an a required pull friction is established to transfer the steels 3 through grounded guides (grounding is necessary f the operation of the automatic electrostatic spray system)
30 into a preheating oven 6, which may be heated by gas, oil electric induction. The supplied heat capacity of the oven must be sufficient to achieve an uncomplicated heating of the.steels to a temperature of about 250 °C at a conveyor speed of 0.5...5 m/min. A εtepless control of oven temper-
35 ature, compatible with desired conveyor speeds, is provide After the preheating oven, the roller conveyor line 1, 1' terminates at a last roller l r , from which onwards the steels 2 proceed unsupported in the transfer direction in freely hanging posture.
The preheated steels 2 are conveyed next in the direction the roller conveyor line 1, 1' into a spraying chamber 7, which the actual powder coating takes place by sets of automatically operating spray guns. The amounts of powder applications can be adjusted by pneumatic controls and by altering the number of guns in order to achieve a desired coating thickness as defined in coating standards. The attainable coatings are in the range of 60...1000 μm by a single spraying operation.
A baking oven 9, 10 is an important unit in the process, because this oven takes care of the single-run baking, in which the freely hanging steels 2 are throughout baked in about 60...120 seconds, which is sufficient for quickly melting powders to become completely cured thus forming a homogeneous, pore-free coating.
Next unit in the system is a wet roller 12 vertically con trolled by a pneumatic power cylinder, arranged to make first contact with the hanging steel 2, which simultaneou is subjected to a cooling water spray. Cylinders 11 syn¬ chronously contribute to the operation by lifting the article 2 again onto a processing bed formed by a second roller conveyor line 16. Indicated by reference number 13 a high-capacity cooling system with spray nozzles, which capable of bringing the temperature of the baked steels d to about 50...80 °C in order to make the coating of the steels durable to take the friction and pressure imposed the water-cooled pull rollers 14 of a special rubber co - pound. The system also incorporates a pneumatic control 1 for the rollers 14. The ready-coated and cooled steels 2 routed through a test apparatus 15, which verifies the integrity of the applied coating. After these operations, the ready article is transferred to a packing and bunching line.
With the help of a control console 8, a single operator ca control all machinery functions without effort.

Claims

WHA.T IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A method for coating elongated steel objects (2), particularly concrete reinforcing steels and formed steels transferred on a feeder conveyor line (1, 1'), in which • method
- the objects (2) to be coated are precleaned, after which
- the precleaned objects (2) are preheated (6) to a temperature of 220...300 °C, preferably 250...270 °C, after which
- the objects are powder-coated with a thermoplastic coating powder by means of spray guns (7) until a coating thickness of at least 50 lαm is achieved, aft which
- the powder-coated objects (2) are subjected in bakin oven (10) to a temperature of 200...250 °C so that t coating completely melts thus forming a homogeneous, pore-free coating, after which
- the coated objects (2) are cooled for further processing,
c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that
- the-objects (2) are transferred by means of a first of pull apparatuses (4) via a preheating oven (6) to coating chamber (7) and further to a baking oven (10) so as to keep the objects in the coating chamber (7) and the baking oven (10) in a freely hanging posture, and - the leading edge of the objects (2) exiting from th baking oven (10) is allowed to hit a roller (12) or similar device, capable of triggering a water cooli system (13), which device is simultaneously used fo lifting the leading edge of the freely hanging objec (2) back to the same level with a bed (16) of the conveyor line (1, 1') for transfer by means of a sec set of pull apparatuses (14) away from the coating system.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, c h a r a c t e r¬ i z e d in that the objects (2) to be coated are cooled means of a water cooling system (13) so that their temperature is decreased down to 50...80 °C.
'3. An apparatus for coating elongated steel objects (2), particularly concrete reinforcing steels and formed steel transferred on a feeder conveyor line (1, 1'), comprising
- a preheating oven (6) for heating the objects (2) to temperature of 220...300 °C, preferably 250...270 °C
- a first set of pull apparatuses (4) for transferring the objects (2) from the feed conveyor line (1, 1') the preheating oven (6),
- a spraying chamber (7) for the objects (2) to be coa as they exit from the preheating oven (6),
- a baking oven (10), in which the objects (2) exiting from the coating chamber (7) can be maintained at a temperature of 200...250 °C,
- cooling system (12, 13) for cooling the coated objec (2) exiting from the baking oven (10), and - a second set of pull apparatuses (14) for transferrin the cooled objects from the cooling system (12, 13) f a possible further processing,
c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that
- there is arranged after the baking oven (10) in the transfer direction of the objects (2) a lift roller (12) or a similar device, with which the leading edge of the freely hanging objects (2) can be lifted back the same level with a bed (16) of the conveyor line (1, 1'), and
- the cooling system comprises a spray nozzle system (1 or the like arrangement, which is capable of spraying water onto the leading edge of the objects (2) as the touch the roller (12).
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that lifting roller is a wet roller (12) controlled by pneumatic power cylinders (11).
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the second set of pull apparatuses comprises of water-cooled pull rollers (14).
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that both the first set (4) and the second se (14) of pull apparatuses comprise of pull rollers coated with a special rubber compound.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that baking oven is a vortex flow baking oven (10).
PCT/FI1988/000123 1987-07-30 1988-08-01 Method and apparatus for coating elongated steel objects, particularly concrete reinforcement steels and formed steels Ceased WO1989000890A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK020790A DK20790D0 (en) 1987-07-30 1990-01-25 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COATING OF EXTENSIVE STEEL ART
NO900360A NO900360D0 (en) 1987-07-30 1990-01-26 PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR THE COATING OF ELEVATIVE STEEL STAINLESS STEPS, SPECIFICALLY CONCRETE STEEL STEEL AND FORMED STEEL.
SE9000318A SE9000318L (en) 1987-07-30 1990-01-30 PROCEDURES AND APPLIANCES FOR COATING LONG-TERM OBJECTS

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI873317A FI84030C (en) 1987-07-30 1987-07-30 Method and apparatus for coating elongated steel pieces, in particular concrete steel and steel profiles
FI873317 1987-07-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989000890A1 true WO1989000890A1 (en) 1989-02-09

Family

ID=8524845

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1988/000123 Ceased WO1989000890A1 (en) 1987-07-30 1988-08-01 Method and apparatus for coating elongated steel objects, particularly concrete reinforcement steels and formed steels

Country Status (5)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2252488A (en)
DK (1) DK20790D0 (en)
FI (1) FI84030C (en)
SE (1) SE9000318L (en)
WO (1) WO1989000890A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993007968A1 (en) * 1991-10-17 1993-04-29 Anders Lindblad An arrangement for painting an extended object moving continuously in its longitudinal direction
WO2013020977A1 (en) * 2011-08-09 2013-02-14 Aumann Gmbh Device for coating electrically conductive wires

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE361433B (en) * 1968-03-13 1973-11-05 Allied Tube & Conduit Corp
US3964435A (en) * 1975-02-26 1976-06-22 H. C. Price Co. Apparatus for coating elongated objects of small diameter
SE386380B (en) * 1973-05-10 1976-08-09 Walther Richard C Fa SPRAY COATING DEVICE
EP0137663A1 (en) * 1983-08-25 1985-04-17 Shaw Industries Ltd. Impact resistant moisture impermeable resinous coating and method of applying same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE361433B (en) * 1968-03-13 1973-11-05 Allied Tube & Conduit Corp
SE386380B (en) * 1973-05-10 1976-08-09 Walther Richard C Fa SPRAY COATING DEVICE
US3964435A (en) * 1975-02-26 1976-06-22 H. C. Price Co. Apparatus for coating elongated objects of small diameter
EP0137663A1 (en) * 1983-08-25 1985-04-17 Shaw Industries Ltd. Impact resistant moisture impermeable resinous coating and method of applying same

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACT OF JAPAN, Vol. 10, No. 310 (C-379); & JP,A,61 120 671, publ. 1986-06-07. *
PATENT ABSTRACT OF JAPAN, Vol. 9, No. 32 (C-265); & JP,A,59 177 176, publ. 1984-10-06. *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993007968A1 (en) * 1991-10-17 1993-04-29 Anders Lindblad An arrangement for painting an extended object moving continuously in its longitudinal direction
AU660734B2 (en) * 1991-10-17 1995-07-06 Anders Lindblad An arrangement for painting an extended object moving continuously in its longitudinal direction
WO2013020977A1 (en) * 2011-08-09 2013-02-14 Aumann Gmbh Device for coating electrically conductive wires
CN103764300A (en) * 2011-08-09 2014-04-30 奥曼有限公司 Apparatus for coating conductive wire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9000318D0 (en) 1990-01-30
FI873317A7 (en) 1989-01-31
DK20790A (en) 1990-01-25
DK20790D0 (en) 1990-01-25
FI84030B (en) 1991-06-28
FI873317A0 (en) 1987-07-30
SE9000318L (en) 1990-01-30
AU2252488A (en) 1989-03-01
FI84030C (en) 1991-10-10

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