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WO1988008503A1 - Procede et agencement de combustion de combustible - Google Patents

Procede et agencement de combustion de combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988008503A1
WO1988008503A1 PCT/EP1988/000364 EP8800364W WO8808503A1 WO 1988008503 A1 WO1988008503 A1 WO 1988008503A1 EP 8800364 W EP8800364 W EP 8800364W WO 8808503 A1 WO8808503 A1 WO 8808503A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
primary gas
wall
fuel
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1988/000364
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael G. May
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1988008503A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988008503A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes; Burner heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for burning fuel and a device for carrying out this method
  • the invention relates to the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber.
  • This combustion can serve different purposes, for example the heating of heat transfer medium or the operation of a gas turbine or other purposes.
  • the device in the combustion chamber of which the fuel is burned can be a boiler, a combustion chamber, any heat generator or the like.
  • the combustion can preferably serve to generate usable heat, in particular also heat that can be used industrially.
  • the burning of the fuel 's are of heat generation in power plants or for driving turbines, or the like.
  • the heating media of any kind such as water, air or the like. or other purposes.
  • it can also be used to heat buildings or the like, and also numerous others z -
  • the flue gases contain as little pollutants as possible in order to keep the pollutant emissions as low as possible. It is also an often unsatisfactorily solved problem to keep the flame lit in the combustion chamber stable.
  • so-called flame holders in the combustion chamber at a distance from its wall, which form mechanical obstacles placed in the flame path, such as wires, rods, disks, etc.
  • flame holders can adversely affect the combustion process and increase pollutant emissions and often do not satisfy for other reasons.
  • a device according to the invention for performing this method is described in claim 22.
  • the invention it is possible to achieve safe flame retention of the ignited flame in the gas channel combustion chamber at the Fangwa ⁇ d, so that no additional flame holder is required.
  • this trap wall forms the boundary wall of the combustion chamber on the inlet side and thus does not constitute an obstacle to flow in the combustion chamber, which has a favorable effect on the combustion process. Due to the backflow generated by primary gas jets in the combustion chamber of the gas channel towards the trap wall, the flame roots can stick to or near this trap wall and this results in extremely stable and thus continuous combustion. At the same time, reduction of harmful flue gas components is achieved, so that this method also makes it possible to keep the pollutant emissions particularly low.
  • the combustion taking place in the method according to the invention can be referred to as continuous combustion of fuel, since the combustion of the fuel in each case continues as long as desired or required continuously until the fuel supply is stopped again by shutting off the fuel supply, the supply of oxygen-containing substances also being carried out Gas in the combustion chamber can also be stopped. A pause time of any length can then follow, during which, however, at least one pilot flame may continue to burn to re-ignite the flame or flames used to generate heat, unless other means of ignition are provided.
  • the device according to the invention also being a boiler, but also one
  • Power-modulated operation means that
  • the trap wall forms a transverse wall in the gas duct. Since it causes flame retention, it can also be referred to as the flame holder wall. It also forms the upstream end wall of the combustion chamber in the gas duct, in which the flame begins.
  • the combustion chamber of the gas channel can preferably only form a partial area of the combustion chamber in which it is provided that the combustion chamber of the gas channel opens out into the rest of the combustion chamber.
  • - to ⁇ ⁇ is particularly favorable, however, when the combustion chamber of the gas passage preferably forming only a small area, only a relatively small portion of the entire combustion chamber.
  • the flue gases that form in the combustion chamber can be extracted from it through a flue gas outlet or in some other way.
  • the primary gas jets flow from the primary gas nozzles into the combustion chamber of the gas channel at or near the trap wall, or preferably at high to very high flow rates.
  • the primary gas jets have an intense effect . Backflows of the gas in combustion towards the trap wall, the primary gas jets flowing into the combustion chamber at a height of the trap wall or so close to the trap wall that the trap wall keeps the flames ignited in the combustion chamber by burning the fuel in the combustion chamber caused
  • Fuel is also introduced into the combustion chamber. It can be the entire fuel to be burned or part of this fuel. If not all of the fuel is introduced into this combustion chamber, then it can preferably be the largest part of the total fuel to be burned in the combustion chamber -? - act and the remaining part of the fuel can then be burned outside the combustion chamber of the gas channel in the rest of the combustion chamber. E.g. At least one gas burner can be arranged outside the gas duct in the combustion chamber to generate additional heat during extreme load operation.
  • Catch wall separated from the gas channel combustion chamber can cause pressure reduction.
  • This pressure reduction in such an antechamber can then be used to suck any media into this antechamber, which medium can then also be conveyed from this antechamber by the action of the primary gas jets into the combustion chamber of the gas channel.
  • This medium can preferably be flue gas drawn in from the combustion chamber.
  • other media can also be used alone or in combination with flue gas.
  • E.g. may be the medium serving as a fuel containing coal dust, preferably inert gas, so that coal dust is thereby introduced into the combustion chamber for its combustion.
  • Other media are also suitable for being sucked into the combustion chamber due to the action of the primary gas jets, for example, favoring the combustion or in any other desired manner.
  • this medium is often also expedient to convey this medium to the openings between the primary gas nozzles and the trap wall in a preferably adjustable volume flow through at least one turbo machine, for example a blower or a fan, so that the primary gas jets do not emit it suck in or only support its promotion into the combustion chamber.
  • a turbo machine for example a blower or a fan
  • the invention makes it possible due to the good flame retardancy by means of the trap that such medium in the amount / time of the primary gas relatively large amount / time of the Primary gas jets sucked into the combustion chamber of the gas channel or in some other way into the combustion chamber through the passages between the primary gases and the
  • Catch wall can be initiated in any other way. If this medium is recirculated flue gas, this allows particularly high dilution of the primary gas by flue gas without impairing the flame stability, so that extremely low pollutant emissions can be achieved.
  • the length, thickness, etc. of the flame can also be influenced by the combustion chamber of the gas channel, the flue gas recirculation, the primary gas jets and the backflows generated by them and optimally adapt the combustion chamber or design the combustion chamber in the desired manner.
  • the number of primary gas jets blown into the combustion chamber of the gas channel can be two or, preferably, more than two.
  • a plurality of openings can preferably be arranged in the trap wall, through which primary gas jets flow or which protrude into or penetrate the primary gas nozzles.
  • the primary gas nozzles which blow the primary gas jets into the combustion chamber of the gas channel, can be arranged with blowing directions that are axially parallel to one another or can also have another arrangement. In many cases it is expedient to arrange them so that the blowing directions of at least two primary gas nozzles do not run parallel to one another, but rather are inclined to one another. In many cases it is useful if the blowing directions are at least a part of the Primary gas nozzles diverge or converge to one another. These primary gas nozzles can also be arranged in such a way that they produce a vortex flow circulating about the longitudinal axes of the preferably straight gas channel in the combustion chamber of the gas channel by being arranged at an appropriate angle.
  • the peripheral wall of the gas channel can preferably be designed as a tube, preferably as a straight tube.
  • This tube can be approximately circular cylindrical, but other designs are also suitable.
  • the primary gas jets are blown into the combustion chamber through openings in the trap wall, the clear cross sections of which are larger, preferably considerably larger than the cross sections of the primary gas jets in height, it can preferably be provided that through each such opening the A single primary gas jet is blown into the combustion chamber.
  • the gas channel can preferably be at least two inches for blowing out the primary gas jets ⁇ O
  • the openings assigned to the primary gas nozzles are arranged in the trap wall relative to the primary gas nozzles in such a way that the primary gas nozzles protrude into these openings or penetrate these openings and protrude somewhat beyond them into the combustion chamber, with between the Edges of these openings and the primary gas nozzles as passages are still clear spaces, preferably ring gaps, which form flow openings for medium, which preferably consists of a gas channel antechamber separated from the combustion chamber of the gas channel by the trap wall by means of the
  • Primary gas jets can be sucked into the combustion chamber.
  • the remindströmunge ⁇ generated by the primary gas jets in the combustion chamber of the gas channel also have ien advantage that the flame length is shortened " , which enables correspondingly shorter or smaller design of the combustion chamber with all the advantages resulting therefrom.
  • the fuel can be fed into the combustion chamber in any suitable manner.
  • at least one fuel supply nozzle preferably an atomizer nozzle for fuel
  • gaseous fuels or gases containing fuel particles such as coal dust or the like can also be provided, and in this case it is particularly expedient to design the trap wall as a double wall or cavity wall.
  • the cavity or cavities formed by this double wall can then be provided as a flow channel or channels for introducing the gaseous fuel or the fuel particles carried by gas into the combustion chamber.
  • This introduction can be provided directly into the openings of the trap wall for the primary gas jets or the primary gas nozzles and / or away from these openings through one or more separate openings of the trap wall. All of this is also particularly favorable in terms of flow and combustion technology.
  • the flame can be ignited in any suitable manner, for example by a continuously lit pilot flame.
  • the primary gas becomes the primary gas nozzles under pressure promoted. This can preferably be done by means of at least one blower. It is particularly expedient if the medium sucked in from an antechamber by the action of the primary gas jets is accelerated in these openings when flowing through the relevant openings of the trap wall, which can take place by correspondingly tapering these openings in the downstream direction.
  • the primary gas jets can preferably be blown into the combustion chamber next to one another at relatively large intervals.
  • the invention also enables combustion of the fuel with a blue flame, which is particularly favorable.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic sectional view of a device for burning fuel according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1B is an enlarged section of the device of FIG. 1A
  • Own 2 shows a partial section through FIG. 1A, seen along section line 2-2 in an enlarged view, -
  • FIG. 1 shows a detail from a device for burning fuel in a longitudinal section according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view of the outlet mouth of a primary gas nozzle according to one exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of a gas channel in a longitudinal section according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 6 is a partial plan view of a hollow catch wall according to a further embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. A section through the catch wall of Fig. 6, seen along the section line 7-7.
  • the device 10 for combusting fuel shown in FIG. 1A can be a boiler, a combustion chamber or the like. It has a housing 11, in which there is a large combustion chamber 12, to which a flue gas outlet 13 'connects at the top, which can, for example, continue to a chimney, chimney or the like.
  • the combustion chamber 12 is penetrated in the vicinity of its upper end by a tube 13 or a plurality of tubes through which a preferably liquid heat transfer fluid is passed for heating it.
  • This heat transfer fluid can be, for example, water, oil, steam or the like.
  • a horizontal gas channel 15 projects into the lower half of the combustion chamber 12 at a distance above its base 14, the circumferential wall of which is formed by a straight, preferably circular-cylindrical tube 17.
  • This tube 17 is divided within the combustion chamber 12 by two spaced vertical partition walls 16 and 25 into a pressure chamber 19, an intermediate space 30 and a combustion chamber 20.
  • the intermediate wall 16 forms a catch wall which separates the intermediate space 30 which forms an antechamber in front of the combustion chamber 20 from this combustion chamber 20.
  • the combustion chamber 20 is a partial area of the combustion chamber 12 and the area outside the combustion chamber 20 is designated by 36.
  • a blower 21 is connected to the upstream end of the pressure chamber 19 and serves to suck in primary gas containing oxygen, which may preferably be air, and conveys it into the pressure chamber 19.
  • this primary gas can flow into the combustion chamber 20 through a plurality of primary gas nozzles 22 which are fixedly arranged in the preferably flat intermediate wall 25 at lateral distances from one another.
  • a ring of a total of six primary gas nozzles 22 is provided, which are arranged around the longitudinal axis of the straight gas channel 15 at the same central angle distances from one another and at the same radial distances from this longitudinal axis as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the catching wall 16 is solid here with an approximately constant thickness - for example it can be formed by a sheet metal - and runs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the gas channel 15 and is essentially flat, but can also have a different shape, for example it can be completely flat, slightly curved be or have any other suitable training, e.g. - AS
  • the pressure chamber 19 is connected to the antechamber 25 and the combustion chamber 20 in a gas-conducting manner through the primary gas nozzles 22.
  • the circumferential wall of the gas channel 15 formed by the tube 17 is closed in this exemplary embodiment against the area 36 of the combustion chamber 12 surrounding it and outside of the housing 11 against the ambient atmosphere 38, that is to say that the PxOhr 17 has no openings on its circumference through which gas 36 could flow into the gas duct 15 from the area 36 of the fire room " or from the ambient atmosphere 38 of the housing 11.
  • a fuel line 28 leads through the wall of the tube 17, which is connected to a fuel atomizing nozzle 23 which is fixedly inserted in the intermediate wall 25 and in the collecting wall 16 in the center and coaxially with them.
  • This nozzle 23 projects with its head a little bit into the combustion chamber 20 of the
  • the atomized fuel is sprayed in jets directed obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the straight gas channel 15 in the direction of the primary gas jets blown into the combustion chamber 20 from the primary gas nozzles 22.
  • An ignition or pilot flame can ignite the fuel-primary gas mixture in the combustion chamber and then there is continuous combustion of the fuel introduced through the nozzle 23 into the space 20 until the fuel supply to the nozzle 23, for example for regulating or controlling the thermal output of the device 10, is temporarily interrupted or to switch it off completely, where appropriate, the fan 21 can also be switched off.
  • the flame which can be generated by supplying fuel by means of the nozzle 23 is ignited by means of at least one pilot flame, this pilot flame can of course continue to burn during the interruption of the supply of fuel to the nozzle 23 or, if the boiler 10 is to be completely shut down, the at least one can also be used Pilot light should be switched off.
  • the fuel supply to the nozzle 23 can be constant when it is switched on, or variable fuel supply can also be provided.
  • the fuel nozzle 23 is also a two-substance nozzle, i.e., to pass through it the atomizing of the liquid fuel in a normally relatively small amount relative to the primary gas.
  • This secondary gas can preferably also be air and, in addition to the oxygen introduced into the combustion chamber by the primary gas, also enter oxygen into it, which then also participates in the combustion.
  • the fuel atomizing nozzle 23 is only schematically Darge and can be of any suitable type, for example a Dral 1 atomizing nozzle or have other suitable training. Instead of such an atomizing nozzle, several atomizing nozzles may also be arranged on the collecting wall 16 in the case of larger outputs. - AI - 1
  • a feed line 18 is connected, which serves to introduce flowable medium into this anteroom 30, r - from which this medium i'_ n .
  • the combustion chamber 20 together with b from the primary gas nozzles 22 can flow out flowing primary gas jets.
  • the combustion chamber 20 together with b from the primary gas nozzles 22 can flow out flowing primary gas jets.
  • These openings 29 may Rotati onssymmetri see his or other suitable
  • Have a shape or, in a manner not shown, can also be formed only by holes in a flat trap wall.
  • these primary gas nozzles 22 can optionally also protrude into the openings 29 or penetrate them.
  • Each primary gas nozzle 22 is arranged coaxially with the opening 29 assigned to it.
  • the clear cross sections of the inlet mouth 32 and outlet mouth 33 of each opening 29 are larger than the clear cross section of the outlet mouth 35 of the associated primary gas nozzle 22.
  • This medium can be, for example, gas containing coal dust, for example air containing coal dust, which coal dust is burned in the combustion chamber 12, this coal dust being at least partially already in the combustion chamber 20 forming a region of the combustion chamber 12 Gas channels 15 burns.
  • This medium can also be another medium, e.g. only air, exhaust gas to be burned from the combustion chamber 12 or other flowable medium, or preferably flammable or non-combustible gaseous medium or carrier gas which carries solid and / or liquid particles with it in the combustion chamber support the combustion or should be burned._.
  • a throttle and shut-off valve 44 is interposed in the line 18, which can be adjusted continuously or stepwise between its maximum open position and its shut-off state by means of a motorized actuator 50.
  • a medium flow machine 45 upstream of the valve 44 such as a pump, blower or the like, is used to convey the medium.
  • the primary gas jets can also assist the conveyance or the flow machine 45 can be omitted solely by the action of the primary gas jets.
  • the line 8 opens openly into the ambient atmosphere 38 of the device 10.
  • any supply line for example to a return line branching off from the combustion chamber 12 or the smoke exhaust 13 'for returning flue gas into the Combustion chamber 20 for post-combustion or it can be connected to a supply line for other medium that is introduced into the combustion chamber.
  • valve 44 It is also possible to provide manual or automatic adjustment of the valve 44 at the operating temperatures of the device 10, for example depending on air pressure fluctuations, the power output of the device 10 or the like.
  • the starting process means starting the device 11 from its cold state and starting it up until the operating temperature is reached.
  • the actuator 50 can be adjusted in this exemplary embodiment by means of a control device 46 via the action line 49.
  • a temperature sensor 47 arranged in the combustion chamber 12 is connected to this control device 46 and senses the respective internal temperature of the combustion chamber 12 at one point in its area 36, ie outside the combustion chamber 20. Since it is particularly expedient to simplify the starting process, at least in an initial phase of the starting process, to shut off or strongly throttle the valve 44, it can now preferably be provided for the starting process that the valve 44 is dependent on the temperature sensor 47 feels Temperature is adjusted during the described starting process. E.g.
  • shut-off valve 44 is opened gradually or steadily more and is opened to the maximum at a predetermined, sensed combustion chamber temperature which, for example, can expediently be somewhat below normal operating temperatures or can also be in the operating temperature range. This allows the start process to improve - to -
  • valve 44 can serve to influence the operation of the device 10 at operating temperatures, for example to minimize pollutant emissions, to control the power or the like.
  • a timer 48 is switched on at the start of the starting process, which measures a predetermined period of time and then is reset to zero by the beginning of the next starting process.
  • the control device 46 causes the valve 44 to be shut off in a predetermined manner or to be throttled constantly or variably as a function of time during this time period or to be shut off during a range of this time period and during the remaining range of this period is throttled constant or variable.
  • shut-off valve 44 can then be opened further, preferably set to the maximum open position or to a predetermined constant throttle position, or can be adjusted automatically, for example, as a function of the combustion chamber temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 47.
  • the turbomachine 45 can also be omitted, if necessary, since the primary gas jets in the antechamber 30 generate underpressure, which causes the medium to be sucked in through the line 18 into the antechamber 30 of this medium from the antechamber 30, from where this medium also flows through the passages 43 through the action of the primary gas jets into the combustion chamber 20.
  • the primary gas jets flow preferably with high VELOCITY k eit out of the primary gas nozzle 22nd
  • This primary gas Uesen d 22 have a respective flared trumpet-shaped inlet mouth, and then to extend in t he Nä h e d it forward, cylindrically in the flow direction tapered end portion.
  • This primary gas nozzle 22 may be preferably formed so that the cross sections of the flow out of them d s primary gas jets are not circular, but non-circular, preferably undulating or have gear-like outline by the clear cross section of the primary gas 22 has corresponding to its outlet opening outline.
  • An exemplary embodiment of such a primary gas nozzle is shown in FIG. 4 in a top view of its gas outlet end face 31 having the outlet mouth 35.
  • the outline of the clear cross section at the outlet opening 35 has a serpentine corrugation here.
  • the axial grooves in the circumferential wall of the clear interior of the nozzle 22 caused by this undulating course of the outline can extend over the axial length of the nozzle 22 or only begin inside the nozzle 22, for example, approximately in the middle thereof and then extend to the outlet continue at the mouth * 35.
  • the outer surface of the primary gas jet flowing out of the nozzle 22 is considerably enlarged, which has a favorable effect on the generation of strong backflows in the combustion chamber 20 and relatively short flame lengths.
  • the primary gas jets owing to their high velocities when they flow out of the primary gas nozzles 22, produce considerable pressure reductions which, in the combustion chamber 20 of the gas channel 15, produce backflows, as indicated by the arrows, of the medium located therein in the direction of the wall 16.
  • These reverse currents lead - 2.2. -
  • Flame ⁇ halterwand can designate and apart from it no other flame holder are necessary. It is also possible to have the outlet openings of the primary gas nozzles 22 flush with the catching wall or to have them in
  • the combustion of the fuel is also improved by the backflows of the mixture burning in the combustion chamber 20 towards the trap wall 16, which thus practically run or can run as far as the trap wall. achieved a higher degree of burnout, as well as reducing pollutant emissions.
  • This device 10 is characterized by the structural simplicity of the gas channel 15 with primary gas nozzles 22 and catch wall 16.
  • the gas duct 15 can also be relatively short, as can the rest of the combustion chamber 36, and the flame length is also reduced by the backflows.
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a gas channel 15, which in the details not shown can correspond to the gas channel 15 according to FIG. 1.
  • the other details of the device 10, not shown in FIG. 3, can also correspond to those of the device 10 according to FIG. 1.
  • the pressure chamber 19 of the gas channel 15, in which the fan, not shown, which preferably delivers primary gas consisting of air, is here 25th
  • Combustion chamber 20 upstream antechamber 30 upstream antechamber 30.
  • Openings 29 tapering in a trumpet shape are arranged in this catch wall 16 and lead from the antechamber 30 into the combustion chamber 20, so that the antechamber 30 is connected to the combustion chamber 20 in a fluid-conducting manner via these openings 29.
  • Each such opening 29 is arranged coaxially with a primary gas nozzle 22 arranged upstream of it.
  • the smallest clear diameter of the opening 29 is larger than the cross section of the primary gas jet blown out of the relevant nozzle 22 through this opening 29 at the level of this opening 29, so that this primary gas jet by induction from the anteroom 30 medium through the annular-shaped passages 43 between the primary gas nozzles 22 and the trap wall 16 and through the openings 29 into the combustion chamber 20.
  • this medium is a part of the area 36 of the combustion chamber 12 that surrounds the gas chamber 15 and is sucked into the antechamber 30 by the action of the primary gas jets.
  • the combustion chamber 20 of the gas duct 15 opens out into the region 36 of the combustion chamber 12.
  • This area 36 of the combustion chamber 12 is preferably larger, in particular essential
  • the peripheral wall of the gas channel 15 that is, openings 26 are arranged in the pipe 17 of the gas channel at the level of the antechamber 30 and lead from the combustion chamber area 36 into the antechamber 30. The size of these openings 26 can be reduced to that of the circular tube 17 of the gas channel 15
  • the invention enables very strong dilution of the primary gas by recirculated flue gas, which allows extremely low pollutant emissions to be achieved.
  • the flue gas recirculation means that further reductions in pollutant emissions can be achieved, and even extremely low pollutant emissions can be achieved.
  • the tube 17 of the gas channel 15 can also have a different design, preferably over the entire length 5 of the combustion chamber 20 or over at least one - 2nd
  • the primary gas nozzles 22 arranged axially parallel to one another can be arranged, for example, to form a ring as in FIG. 2, wherein they are also held in the intermediate wall 25.
  • E.g. can also have six here
  • Primary gas nozzles can be provided, but their number can also be smaller or larger. Instead of a single ring, several rings of such smaller primary gas nozzles can also be provided, or else they can have any desired arrangement and distribution by means of which the desired effects of the primary gas jets are achieved.
  • Circulating flow results in the longitudinal axis.
  • a fuel atomizing nozzle 23 is in turn arranged in the center of the collecting wall 16, which preferably atomizes liquid fuel in the atomized state as jets 24 at an angle to the
  • the primary gas conveyed by the blower (not shown) during operation flows from the pressure chamber 19 into the primary gas nozzles 22 and through them as primary gas jets at high speeds into the anteroom 30 at a short distance from the associated openings 29 of the collecting wall 16 and as free primary gas jets through these openings 29 into the combustion chamber 20 at high speed.
  • the combustion chamber 20 of the gas channel 15 is in each case so long that the backflows are reliably generated in it. However, the flame starting in it can extend from this combustion chamber 20 into the remaining, larger area 36 of the combustion chamber 12, preferably even quite far.
  • the primary gas nozzles 22 in the gas duct 15 according to FIG. 3 can also preferably be used to generate
  • Primary gas jets with a non-circular cross-section must be formed at the level of the outlet opening of the primary gas nozzles, since this further optimizes the combustion process and can further reduce the pollutant emissions.
  • the outlet openings 35 of these nozzles 22 can also be of the same or similar design as shown in FIG. 4. This out-of-round design of the outlet opening of the nozzle 22 allows, inter alia, the amount of smoke gas drawn in through the antechamber 30 to be increased and the backflow in the combustion chamber 20 to be influenced even more favorably.
  • the length of the flame can also be shortened as a result. - 1 -
  • a short section from a gas duct 15 is shown, which is designed similarly to that according to FIG. 3 and is part of a device for the continuous combustion of fuel, for example a device similar to that according to FIG differs from that of FIG. 3 essentially in that the catch wall 16, the anteroom 30, in the flue gas from the area 36 of the combustion chamber 12 surrounding the gas channel 15 through the primary gas jets through openings 26 in the peripheral wall 17 of the gas channel 15 also can be sucked in, separates from the combustion chamber 20 of the gas channel 15, here is designed as a hollow wall or double wall.
  • This design can be used to introduce gaseous fuel or fuel particles carried by gas, in particular coal dust, into the combustion chamber 20 of the gas channel 15 in a particularly simple manner and not disturbing the flow in the combustion chamber 20.
  • a fuel feed line 28 ′ for flowable fuel opens into the cavity 37 of the collecting wall 16, which is introduced under pressure and through annular gaps 39 provided in the openings 29 for the primary gas jets of the collecting wall 16 and / or through openings 29 provided on or near these other outlet openings in the collecting wall 16 flow from it into the combustion chamber 20 together with the primary gas jets * and the recirculated flue gas.
  • a distance from the openings 29 may be provided for the primary gas jets or only such outlet openings for the fuel may be provided at a distance from the openings 29 of the trap wall 16 for the primary gas jets.
  • An exemplary embodiment is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, where the cut-out hollow catch wall 16 directly adjacent to the downstream edge of each of its openings 29, only one of which is shown here, has outlet openings 39 'for fuel only in the area 40 adjacent to the combustion chamber 20 which are designed as small holes arranged in a ring, which enclose the opening 29 at a short distance.
  • the fuel feed line 28 ′ can be omitted in FIG. 5 and the relevant opening of the cavity 37 can be closed.
  • the primary gas jets then suck in mixture from the combustion chamber 20 through the cavity 37 of the trap wall 16, which flows into the cavity 37 through the central opening 41 and flows out again through the annular gaps 39 and flows back into the combustion chamber.
  • the cavity 37 of the trap wall 16 is divided into areas which are sealed off from one another in a fluid-tight manner, at least one area of which flows through a recirculating mixture from the combustion chamber and at least one other area of fuel for introducing it - S -
  • smoke gas sucked in by the primary gas jets from the surroundings 38 of the gas channel 15 flows directly into the combustion chamber 20, for example in the device according to Fig. 1A for this purpose in the pipe 17 at the height of the combustion chamber 20 near the trap wall 16 or at least one inlet opening for flue gas is provided adjacent to them.
  • the flue gas sucked in from the vestibule 30 by the primary gas jets into the pulp chamber 20 from the area 36 of the combustion chamber 12 flows through at least in part at least one opening in the trap wall 16 which is not flowed through by primary gas. It is normally sufficient for devices according to the invention if they each have a single firing chamber. In the case of very large facilities, however, the facility can optionally also have a plurality of combustion chambers in which, if desired, fuel can be burned independently of one another or simultaneously or in parallel to generate heat.
  • the passages 43 can be variably throttled and / or shut off, for example by means of flange sleeves arranged on the primary gas nozzles 22 and slidably connected to one another, the flanges of which form annular disks, the flanges of which form a maximum open position in the Distance in front of the catching wall 16, preferably up to the contact with the catching wall 16, can be moved axially and back manually or by means of an actuator and can be adjusted to any axial position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et agencement de combustion d'un combustible au moyen d'un gaz primaire contenant de l'oxygène et entraîné dans une chambre de combustion (12). Le gaz primaire est introduit en plusieurs jets à travers des ajutages (22) dans la chambre de combustion (20) d'un canal de gaz (15), du combustible étant également introduit dans ladite chambre de combustion. Les jets de gaz primaire génèrent dans la chambre de combustion du canal de gaz des contre-courants du mélange gaz-combustible en combustion dirigés contre une paroi déflectrice (16).
PCT/EP1988/000364 1987-04-30 1988-04-29 Procede et agencement de combustion de combustible Ceased WO1988008503A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3714534 1987-04-30
DEP3714534.7 1987-04-30
DE3723666 1987-07-17
DEP3723666.0 1987-07-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1988008503A1 true WO1988008503A1 (fr) 1988-11-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1988/000364 Ceased WO1988008503A1 (fr) 1987-04-30 1988-04-29 Procede et agencement de combustion de combustible

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0312562A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1688488A (fr)
WO (1) WO1988008503A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991019942A1 (fr) * 1990-06-15 1991-12-26 Lanemark Limited Ameliorations relatives a des bruleurs
EP0751351A1 (fr) * 1995-06-26 1997-01-02 Abb Research Ltd. Chambre de combustion
EP0791785A3 (fr) * 1996-02-23 1998-11-18 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Générateur d'énergie pour la production d'un fluide chaud
FR2986855A1 (fr) * 2012-02-10 2013-08-16 Air Liquide Oxy-bruleur a injections multiples de combustible et procede d'oxy-combustion correspondant
US20170030581A1 (en) * 2015-07-31 2017-02-02 Nuvera Fuel Cells, LLC Burner assembly with low nox emissions
CN114486273A (zh) * 2021-12-27 2022-05-13 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种园区灵活性改造机组氢混燃烧试验装置

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2127882A5 (fr) * 1971-02-25 1972-10-13 Finterm Spa Gruppo Finan
US3985494A (en) * 1975-06-26 1976-10-12 Howe-Baker Engineers, Inc. Waste gas burner assembly
FR2332493A1 (fr) * 1975-11-24 1977-06-17 Electric Power Res Inst Procede et dispositif de combustion d'un liquide combustible en vue de reduire la production d'oxydes d'azote
EP0048438A2 (fr) * 1980-09-22 1982-03-31 DEUTSCHE FORSCHUNGSANSTALT FÜR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT e.V. Brûleur à mazout et à gaz pour installation dans les chaudières de chauffage et les chaudières de générateurs de vapeur
US4357134A (en) * 1978-07-11 1982-11-02 Nippon Steel Corporation Fuel combustion method and burner for furnace use
WO1986001876A1 (fr) * 1984-09-12 1986-03-27 Air (Anti Pollution Industrial Research) Ltd. Procede et appareil pour conduire un processus de combustion essentiellement isothermique dans une chambre de combustion
EP0175875A1 (fr) * 1984-08-16 1986-04-02 DEUTSCHE FORSCHUNGSANSTALT FÜR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT e.V. Brûleur à huile ou à gaz pour la génération de gaz à chaud
EP0187441A2 (fr) * 1984-09-10 1986-07-16 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Brûleur à prémélange avec émission réduite de NOx
FR2582781A1 (fr) * 1985-06-04 1986-12-05 Mueller Rudolf Bruleur pour chaudiere a combustion liquide avec circuit de recyclage des gaz de combustion
DE3609622A1 (de) * 1985-04-01 1986-12-11 Qing Hua University, Peking Verfahren zur flammenstabilisierung und verbrennungsintensivierung sowie brenner und dessen verwendung

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2127882A5 (fr) * 1971-02-25 1972-10-13 Finterm Spa Gruppo Finan
US3985494A (en) * 1975-06-26 1976-10-12 Howe-Baker Engineers, Inc. Waste gas burner assembly
FR2332493A1 (fr) * 1975-11-24 1977-06-17 Electric Power Res Inst Procede et dispositif de combustion d'un liquide combustible en vue de reduire la production d'oxydes d'azote
US4357134A (en) * 1978-07-11 1982-11-02 Nippon Steel Corporation Fuel combustion method and burner for furnace use
EP0048438A2 (fr) * 1980-09-22 1982-03-31 DEUTSCHE FORSCHUNGSANSTALT FÜR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT e.V. Brûleur à mazout et à gaz pour installation dans les chaudières de chauffage et les chaudières de générateurs de vapeur
EP0175875A1 (fr) * 1984-08-16 1986-04-02 DEUTSCHE FORSCHUNGSANSTALT FÜR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT e.V. Brûleur à huile ou à gaz pour la génération de gaz à chaud
EP0187441A2 (fr) * 1984-09-10 1986-07-16 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Brûleur à prémélange avec émission réduite de NOx
WO1986001876A1 (fr) * 1984-09-12 1986-03-27 Air (Anti Pollution Industrial Research) Ltd. Procede et appareil pour conduire un processus de combustion essentiellement isothermique dans une chambre de combustion
DE3609622A1 (de) * 1985-04-01 1986-12-11 Qing Hua University, Peking Verfahren zur flammenstabilisierung und verbrennungsintensivierung sowie brenner und dessen verwendung
FR2582781A1 (fr) * 1985-06-04 1986-12-05 Mueller Rudolf Bruleur pour chaudiere a combustion liquide avec circuit de recyclage des gaz de combustion

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991019942A1 (fr) * 1990-06-15 1991-12-26 Lanemark Limited Ameliorations relatives a des bruleurs
EP0751351A1 (fr) * 1995-06-26 1997-01-02 Abb Research Ltd. Chambre de combustion
EP0791785A3 (fr) * 1996-02-23 1998-11-18 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Générateur d'énergie pour la production d'un fluide chaud
FR2986855A1 (fr) * 2012-02-10 2013-08-16 Air Liquide Oxy-bruleur a injections multiples de combustible et procede d'oxy-combustion correspondant
US20170030581A1 (en) * 2015-07-31 2017-02-02 Nuvera Fuel Cells, LLC Burner assembly with low nox emissions
US10197269B2 (en) * 2015-07-31 2019-02-05 Nuvera Fuel Cells, LLC Burner assembly with low NOx emissions
CN114486273A (zh) * 2021-12-27 2022-05-13 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种园区灵活性改造机组氢混燃烧试验装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1688488A (en) 1988-12-02
EP0312562A1 (fr) 1989-04-26

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