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WO1988006468A1 - Dispositif de protection respiratoire - Google Patents

Dispositif de protection respiratoire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988006468A1
WO1988006468A1 PCT/US1988/000316 US8800316W WO8806468A1 WO 1988006468 A1 WO1988006468 A1 WO 1988006468A1 US 8800316 W US8800316 W US 8800316W WO 8806468 A1 WO8806468 A1 WO 8806468A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mouthpiece
person
directing
air
sai
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1988/000316
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Trenton A. Niemeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FILCON CORP
Original Assignee
FILCON CORP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FILCON CORP filed Critical FILCON CORP
Publication of WO1988006468A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988006468A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
    • A62B9/06—Mouthpieces; Nose-clips
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
    • A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to breathing apparatus and, more particularly, to a respiratory protective device which is worn by a worker in a location where the air for breathing may be unsafe.
  • the dead space problem is perhaps the most dif ⁇ ficult.
  • Respiratory dead space is the volume of air between a face mask and the face of the individual wearing the respirator. When the wearer exhales, part of the exhaled air is trapped inside the mask. During subsequent inhalation, the trapped air is rebreathed and enters the lungs first before any fresh air. If the dead space is large enough, it is possible that only the air inside the mask will be rebreathed. Because the partial pressure of carbon dioxide exhaled is higher than the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in atmospheric air, the reinhaled air which enters the lungs first contains elevated levels of carbon dioxide. This air mixes with the residue air remaining in the lungs during exhalation, and consequently, raises the level of retained carbon dioxide in the lungs.
  • Minute volume is the total volume of air inhaled in a minute. Minute volume is a function of tidal volume, which is the amount of air inhaled and exhaled in one breath and the number of breaths per minute. Initially, tidal volume increases to about 70% of the vital capacity of the person. Thereafter, breathing frequency rises.
  • Another physiological response to increased carbon dioxide retention is cardiac stress, and in particular, hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
  • the partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases, the partial pressure of oxygen correspondingly decreases.
  • hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction begins.
  • oxygen transfers between the lungs and the blood stream ceases.
  • the body still needs oxygen, it will start using oxygen reserves in the blood.
  • the vascular walls contract, causing higher blood pressure.
  • Still another effect of increases retained carbon dioxide is diminishing capacity to perform work. Because the partial pressure of oxygen decreases as the partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases, total oxygen intake going to the lungs is decreased.
  • the present invention addresses these problems with structure designed to minimize the problems and which leads to qreater comfort and safety for the wearer, and con ⁇ sequently a greater likelihood that the wearer will wear the Drotective device and realize its benefits.
  • Summary of the Invention is directed to a respirator protective device including a mouthpiece, a cannister with a air filter therein, a mechanism for directing air from th filter to the mouthpiece, a mechanism attached to th directing mechanism for holding the mouthpiece with respec to the person's head, and a mechanism for selectively passin filter air and exhalation air.
  • the directing mechanis includes spaced-apart fore and aft walls.
  • the aft wall ha an opening in line with exhalation air flowing from th mouthpiece.
  • the passing mechanism includes a first valv mechanism for admitting filtered air from the filter to the mouthpiece and a second valve mechanism for outletting exha ⁇ lation air from the mouthpiece to ambient.
  • the first valve mechanism includes closure members and a support frame for the closure members which surround a streamline flow path between the opening in the aft wall of the directing mecha ⁇ nism and the second valve mechanism in the region between the fore and aft walls of the directing mechanism. In this way, space common to both filtered air flow and exhalation air flow is minimized.
  • the directing mechanism includes a common chamber which receives air from all the filter assemblies before passing the air through the first valve mechanism to the mouthpiece for inhalation.
  • the second valve mecha ⁇ nism for passinq exhalation air is directly in front of, but spaced somewhat outwardly from the front of the mouth.
  • the first valve mechanism which admits filtered air for inhala ⁇ tion is located between the mouth and the second valve mecha ⁇ nism and preferably includes a support frame with a plurality of closure members which surround the streamline flow path between the mouth and the second valve mechanism.
  • valve mechanisms are in such close proximity to and provide for such unimpeded flow paths, the resistance to air movement which may be experienced by the wearer is minimized.
  • equip ⁇ ment dead space is so small, it takes a minimal amount of air during exhalation to build sufficient pressure to operate the second valve mechanism to pass exhalation air.
  • the common chamber i.e., the concept of surrounding the streamline flow path to the second valve mechanism with closure members for the first valve mechanism, a minimal amount of air needs to be inhaled before creating the necessary pressure differential for functioning the closure members of the first valve mechanism.
  • the present invention includes a mechanism for forcing the wearer's lips closed around the connecting passageway between the mouthpiece and the aft wall of the directing mechanism.
  • Such forcing mecha ⁇ nism may assume a variety of forms and is preferably adjustable.
  • the protective device includes a mechanism for holding the device on the wearer's head such that a first force is directed toward pushing the mouthpiece into the wearer's teeth and gums.
  • the device further includes, however, a reaction mechanism for exerting a second force in a direction generally counter to the first force to relieve the wearer's teeth and gums from the first force.
  • the reaction mechanism is attached to the frame of the protective device and contacts the wearer's face external of his mouth. More particularly, the reaction mechanism preferably engages the wearer's chin. • In this way.
  • the present invention addresses simply, bu effectively, many problems which have existed with know respiratory protective devices.
  • the invention results in device which is comparatively comfortable to wear and whic should not lead to the degree of discomfort and nonuse as i the case with known devices due to the problems discusse hereinbefore.
  • FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a respirator protective device in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a front view of the device of FIGURE 1 with the hose clip removed;
  • FIGURE 3 is a bottom view of the device of FIGUR 2, showing a person's head in broken lines;
  • FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along lin 4-4 of FIGURE 3;
  • FIGURE 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along lin 5-5 of FIGURE 4;
  • FIGURE 6 is a cross-sectional view, similar t
  • FIGURE 5 of an alternate embodiment
  • FIGURE 7 is a top view of a protective device i accordance with the present invention showing one embodimen of a mechanism for forcing the wearer's lips closed aroun the mouthpiece;
  • FIGURE 8 is a rear view of the device of FIGURE 7;
  • FIGURE 9 is a top view, similar to FIGURE 7, of an alternate embodiment;
  • FIGURE 10 is a top view, similar to FIGURES 7 and 9 , of another alternate embodiment.
  • a respiratory protective device in accordance with the present invention is designated generally by the numeral 20.
  • Device 20 includes a pair of filter assemblies 22 opening into an air directing mechanism 24 leading to a mouthpiece 26.
  • the air directing mechanism 24 includes a rigid frame 28 having a walled passageway 30 with plate-like extensions 32 extending rearwardly along the wearer's head from each end 34 of the walled passageway 30.
  • a pair of adjustable straps 36 and 38 are rotatably fastened at opposite ends to a different extensions 32.
  • Assemblies 22 include a cannister 40 which holds a filter 42.
  • the filter is commercially available and is selected to remove particular contaminents depending on the environment in which the protective device is likely to be used.
  • the cannister is not shown in detail since its details are not important to the present invention.
  • the cannister preferably includes a base 44 and a cover 46.
  • the cover snaps or screws or is otherwise removable with respect to the base so that the filter may be replaced when appropriate.
  • the base 44 has an opening 48 in the back wall opposite the cover 46. Opening 48 is aligned with a similar opening 50 in the outer or fore wall 54 of walled passageway 30. In this way, air enters through the vents in cover 46 as indicated by the darkened arrows.
  • Base 44 is fastened by adhesive, screwed, or other ⁇ wise attached to walled passageway 30 so that openings 48 and 50 remain in alignment to allow the air flow as indi ⁇ cated.
  • Frame 28 is rigid so as to hold various elements in a constant relationship with respect to one another.
  • frame 28 includes walled passageway 30 and exten ⁇ sions 32 which extend along the wearer u s head toward the rear of his head from the ends 34 of walled passageway 30.
  • the opposite ends of straps 36 and 38 are rotatably attached to extensions 32 with rivets, nut and bolt combinations, or other similar fastening mechanism 52.
  • Rigid frame 28 in com ⁇ bination with straps 36 and 38 hold mouthpiece 26 with respect to the wearer's head. Straps 36 and 38 extend around the wearer's head from one end of main frame 28 to the other.
  • Apparatus 20 advantageously may include a pair of straps as shown so that one of straps 36, 38 may be rotated up to an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the other so that it may extend over the top of the wearer's head while the other strap may extend around behind the wearer's head.
  • extensions 32 are spaced-apart sufficiently so that the wearer's head will fit between them- without con ⁇ tacting them so as to avoid applying an unnecessary pressure to the head.
  • Wall passageway 30 may be configured in a variety of shapes.
  • Wall passageway 30 comprises the primary com ⁇ ponent of the rigid frame 28.
  • Wall passageway 30 has fore and aft walls 54, 56 which are substantially perpendicular to the wearer's mouth.
  • Forward wall 54 is spaced outwardly farther from the wearer's mouth than aft wall 56.
  • Top and bottom walls 58, 60 are shaped similarly and generally extend between fore and aft walls 54, 56 to form an enclosed passa ⁇ geway.
  • the portion 62 of walled passageway 30 which is cen ⁇ tered on centerline 64 of device 20 is preferably cylindrical at the top and bottom so as to form a common chamber 66 (see FIGURE 5) about first valve mechanism. 68 which admits filtered inhalation air.
  • Walled passageway 30 extends in opposite directions sidewardly from cylindrical portion 62 sufficiently far to provide necessary flat surfaces for attachment of the chin engaging mechanism 70 discussed hereinafter. Then, walled passageway 30 on each side has a bend 72 to form an obtuse angle to extend rearwardly thereby conforming in a general way to the curvature of the wearer's head. From bend 72 on both sides of centerline 64, walled passageway 30 extends rearwardly sufficiently far to provide for attachment of filter assemblies 22 and the alignment of opening 48 in base 40 of assembly 22 and opening 50 in walled passageway 30.
  • walled passageway 30 is fully enclosed except at openings 50 and at the openings in cylindrical portion 62 as described hereinafter.
  • mouthpiece 26 As shown in FIGURES 4 and 5, mouthpiece 26, first valve mechanism 68, and second valve mechanism 74 are all attached to frame 28 at cylindrical portion 62.
  • aft wall 56 In the region of cylindrical portion 62, aft wall 56 includes an attached member 76.
  • Member 76 includes a disk-like central portion 78 for forming a portion of aft wall 56 and the back of central portion 62.
  • Member 76 also has sidewardly extending plate portions 80 (see FIGURE 1).
  • a cylindrical tubular portion 82 extends rearwardly from central portion 78 for a short distance to receive a mating cylindrical portio 84 of mouthpiece 26.
  • Portion 82 is centered on cylindrica portion 62.
  • portion 82 forms a con necting passageway 98 between mouthpiece 26 and space inter nal to first valve mechanism 68 within walled passageway 30
  • the forward wall of central portion 78 may have a recess 8 to allow for proper functioning of first valve mechanism 68
  • Member 76 is attached to the walls of walled passageway 3 with screws 88 or other fastening mechanism, such as an . adhe sive.
  • Mouthpiece 26 is preferably made from a mildly har rubber. Mouthpiece 26 is shaped in the form of a wall 90 t fit between a person's teeth and lips which wraps around sai person's teeth from one side to the other. Wall 90 is als slightly arcuate in the u . and down dimension of a person' face. Extending inwardly from opposite sides of wall 90 ar a pair of members 92 for fitting between upper and lowe teeth to allow a person to bite thereon and better hol mouthpiece 26. Cylindrical portion 84 extends forwardly fro wall 90 so that a person's lips fit around cylindrical por tion 84 and form a seal thereon.
  • Mouthpiece 26 includes a opening 96 which is substantially centered with respect t the wearer's mouth.
  • the centerline of opening 96 is the same as centerline 64.
  • opening 96 forms the entrance to connecting passsageway 98.
  • second valve mechanism 74 is also aligned along centerline 64 and is thus also aligned with opening 96 and passageway 98.
  • First valve mechanism 68 admits filtered air for inhalation, while second valve mechanism 74 allows exhalation air to escape to ambient.
  • Second valve mechanism 74 first, it is located and attached to fore wall 54 directly in line with connecting passageway 98.
  • Second valve mecha ⁇ nism 74 includes a circular opening 100.
  • a plurality of spo- kes 102 extend from the edge of opening 100 inwardly to a central hub 104.
  • a closure member 106 is attached with a fastening insert 108 or other fastening mechanism, such as a nut and bolt combination.
  • Closure member 106 is preferably made from a flexible rubber and is large enough to completely cover opening 100.
  • Closure member 106 is normally closed so that when exhalation air is blown against it, member .106 flexes outwardly to allow the exhalation air to escape into space enclosed by cover 110.
  • Cover 110 protects second valve mechanism 74 and is formed to have a frusto-conical wall 114 with a flange 116 for attachment with screws 118 or other fastening mechanism to fore wall 54.
  • Cover" 110 also has a wall 120 at the oppo ⁇ site end of wall 114 as flange 116.
  • Wall 120 includes a plurality of openings 112 to allow exhalation air to pass therethrough into the ambient air external of device 20.
  • a ledge 122 is formed on wall 120.
  • Ledge 122 includes a strip 124 of hook and loop material. Ledge 122 supports a nose clip 126, as shown in FIGURE 1.
  • Clip 126 includes a mating strip of hook and loop material 128.
  • a cord 130 further fastens clip 126 to a tab 132 at the top of
  • First valve mechanism 68 includes a transverse wall 134 which extends between fore wall 54 and member 76 which forms a part of aft wall 56.
  • Transverse wall 134 may be a separate member attached to central portion 78 or it may be a unitary part of member 76 extending forwardly from portion 78.
  • Wall 134 is formed to be multi-sided and and inclined inwardly as it proceeds toward fore wall 54.
  • the forward opening 136 of wall 134 is larger than and completely exposes opening 100 of second valve mechanism 74.
  • the converging shape of wall 134 helps direct exhalation air toward second valve mechanism 74.
  • Each side 138 of wall 134 includes a center pinned flap valve 140 similar to second valve mecha- nism 74, only smaller.
  • Each side 138 includes an opening 14 having a plurality of spokes 144 extending inwardly to central hub 146.
  • a closure member 148 similar to member 10 only smaller, is pinned with a fastening insert 150, simila to fastener 108. It is noted that transverse wall 134 an the valve openings 142 are nonparallel to the flow o exhaled air along centerline 64 from passageway 98 an through space 152. Closure members 148 will close mor easily, even under turbulent air flows, than a system wherei the wall containing the valve is parallel to air flow.
  • Transverse wall 134 fits within cylindrical portio 62 so that a common chamber 66 is formed between the tw structures. Filtered air from filter assemblies 22 the flows, fills and mixes in common chamber 66 before bein drawn through any of valves 140 into space 152 interior o first valve mechanism 68. During inhalation, a negativ pressure is formed in space 152 so that valve mechanism 7 closes and closure members 148 flex away from openings 142 During exhalation, a positive pressure forms in space 152 an closure members 148 are forced against wall 134 to close al openings 142, while positive pressure flexes closure membe 106 outwardly to allow flow through opening 100 as indicate hereinbefore.
  • valves 140 abou centerline 64 and about the streamline flow path betwee mouthpiece 26 and second valve 74 insures that all of valve 140 function approximately at the same time and approximatel to the same degree thereby keeping the pressures necessar for functioning valves 140 at a minimum.
  • the total dead space of device 2 comprises space 152 within frame 134 and the space in con necting passageway 98. Since connecting passageway 98 i short and since first valve mechanism rather closel surrounds the streamline flow path between connecting passa geway 98 and second valve mechanism 74, the dead space i minimal. In a prototype device, the dead space was measured to be about 33 milliliters. In this regard, it is noted that the distance between fore and aft walls 54, 56 is made no greater than necessary for the proper functioning of valves 140. Valves 140 must be sufficiently large to admit the maximum quantity of air which may be needed for inhalation in the time period of an inspiration. Similarly, second valve mechanism 74 is sufficiently large to provide an outlet for a maximum quantity of exhaled air during the time of an expira- tion.
  • First valve assembly 68' includes a transverse wall 154 with regularly arranged ope ⁇ nings 156 therein.
  • a support frame 158 fits within trans- verse wall 154 so that closure members 160 are normally in contact with transverse wall 154 to close openings 156, but when they flex open, they are supported by support structure 158, rather than continuing to flex and contact portion 78'.
  • Transverse wall 154 has a frusto-conical portion 161 with a flanqe 162 at the larger end and a cylindrical extension 164 at the smaller end.
  • Flange 162 is fastened to portion 78' with a plurality of nut and bolt combinations 166 or other fastening mechanism. Similar flanges 168 and 170 of support frame 158 and closure member 160, respectively, are sand- wiched between flange 162 and portion 78 ' so as to fasten them also with respect to portion 78' and back wall 56'. As indicated, a plurality of openings 156 are formed in frusto- conical portion 161. Each opening 156 is preferably triangu ⁇ lar with the base nearer back wall 56'. Cylindrical portion 164 is sufficiently long to extend from portion 161 to fore wall 54' .
  • Support frame 158 includes a plurality of regularly arranged triangular frames 170 extending from flange 166 inwardly with respect to frusto-conical portion 161 and toward fore wall 54'. Support frame 158 is open between ea triangular frame 170, and each triangular frame 170 likewise open. In this way, triangular frames 170 simp support the outer edges of flaps 172 of closure members 16 Exhalation air may readily pass through triangular frames 1 to force flaps 172 against transverse wall 154 and close op nings 156. On the other hand, support frame 158 is availab to prevent filtered air from forcing flaps 172 too far aw from transverse wall 54 during inhalation so that they wou not readily return for closure of openings 156 during exhal tion.
  • Closure member 160 comprises ringular flange 158 with a plurality of triangular flaps 17 extending inwardly and forwardly therefrom. Each flap 172 i sufficiently large to cover an opening 156. Openings 156 flaps 172, and triangular frames 170 are all regularl arranged and aligned in order to function as indicated.
  • FIGURE 6 shows portion 78' fastened t back wall 5 ' at nut and bolt ⁇ combinations or other fastenin mechanism 174 to further complete back wall 56'.
  • Insert 176 for holding second valve mechanism 74' is shown Insert 176 is essentially a disk 178 with an opening 180. plurality of spokes 182 extend inwardly to a central hub 18 which receives fastening insert 108' to hold closure membe 106' in the fashion described hereinbefore.
  • a cylindrica sleeve 186 extends rearwardly from ring portion 178 for friction fit within an opening 188 in fore wall 54' an within cylindrical portion 164 of transverse wall 154 Adhesive or some other fastening mechanism may be used t provide a more secure attachment for insert 176.
  • Apparatus 20 includes further feature not yet described.
  • a chin support 190 is shown.
  • Chin suppor assembly 190 includes a guide block 192 and an adjustabl support 194.
  • a bracket 196 is fastened with nut and bolt combination 198 on opposite sides of cover 110.
  • Bracket 196 is plate-like in a plane parallel with fore wall 54 and has an arcuate portion 200 so as to curve around beneath cover 110.
  • Legs 202 extend from opposite sides of arcuate portion 200 to fit against the outside of fore wall 54.
  • Slotted ope ⁇ nings 204 in legs 202 receive the bolt of nut and bolt com ⁇ binations 198.
  • Guide block 192 is held to bracket 196 by screws 206 in a location centered with respect to device 20 and beneath central cylindrical portion 62.
  • Guide block 192 is elongated in a direction parallel with fore and aft walls 54, 56 and has a length approximately equal with the separa ⁇ tion between fore and aft walls 54, 56.
  • Guide block 192 includes an opening 208 centered with respect to device 20 and somewhat smaller openings 210 on opposite sides of opening 208. The forward end of opening 208 has an enlarged diameter portion 212 which opens through the bottom side of guide block 192 to expose thumb screw 214.
  • Support 194 includes an arcuate wall 216 for con- forming with the indented or creased portion of a person's chin.
  • a pad 218 is fitted over wall 216 to provide a more comfortable contact with the chin.
  • a central post 220 extends forwardly from wall 216 to fit within passage 208. Additional posts 222 on opposite sides of central post 220 also extend forwardly as guides and fit within passages 210.
  • Post 220 includes a threaded passageway 224 extending rear ⁇ wardly from its forward end to near wall 216. Thumb screw 214 is threaded into threaded passageway 224 so that when it is rotated, it moves support 194 toward or away from guide block 192.
  • chin support 194 is adjustable with respect to the rest of device 20 and moves in a direction generally parallel with the connecting passageway 98 of mouthpiece 26.
  • Chin support 190 functions as a reaction mechanis to provide a second force in a direction generally counter t a first force directed toward pushing mouthpiece 26 into th teeth and gums of the wearer of device 20. In this way, th teeth and gums are protected and a significant source o discomfort for the wearer is neutralized.
  • chin support 190 is that i allows device 20, except for straps 36 and 38, to be moved i concert with the wearer's chin. That is, chin support 190 is rigidly attached to walled passageway 30. Walled passagewa 30 is a part of rigid frame 28 to which the other components of device 20 are also attached as described. Thus, all of device 20 except for the flexibility of mouthpiece 26 and the rotation of straps 36 and 38 with respect to extensions 32 is rigid. Therefore, when the wearer moves his chin, wall 194 moves with it as does the rest of the rigid portion of device 20. The wearer can easily compensate with his lips to main ⁇ tain a seal about the connecting portion 84 of mouthpiece 26.
  • Known devices do not provide for a chin support and do not allow the protective device to move with movement of the chin. Consequently, occasionally, a wearer finds it necessary to move his chin and cannot compensate sufficiently with just his lower lip so that the seal is broken and a safety hazard created.
  • the present chin support feature in combination with the head harness solves this problem. That is, as indicated, the device moves with the chin support so that both the upper and lower lips are allowed to compensate for the jaw opening. Also, the chin support applies a force directed to closing the jaw. This tends to remind the wearer of the danger and further to make it increasingly difficult for the wearer to widen the separation of his jaw.
  • the forcing mechanism 228*' includes ductal, finger-like members 230 which extend along opposite sides of the wearer's face from the opposite exten ⁇ sions 32''. One end 232 of each member 230 is fastened with a screw 234 or other attachment mechanism to extension 32' ' .
  • Member 230 includes a solid, rather rigid portion 236 near extension 32' ' and fingers 238 which fit above and below the perioral area formed by the lips of the person wearing the protected device.
  • Fingers 236 include a ductal element 238 so that the fingers may be shaped to conform to the person's face so as to apply as much force as desired to close the lips against the connecting portion 84 of mouthpiece 26''.
  • FIGURE 9 An alternate embodiment 228'*' of lip forcing mechanism 228 is shown in FIGURE 9.
  • a pair of contact mem ⁇ bers 242 are attached to one end 244 of a leaf spring 246.
  • the other end of leaf spring 246 is adhesively or otherwise attached to the inside or aft wall 56' '' near end 34' '' of wall passageway 30'' '.
  • Leaf spring 246 has a U-shape so when ends 244 and 248 are compressed toward one another, contact member 242 applies force to the wearer's lips to aid the wearer in maintaining a seal around portion 84' * * of mouth- piece 26" ' .
  • FIGURE 9 is a top view and that the lower contact member 242 of each set of contact members is not shown in that view.
  • Each contact member 242 has either a flat or arcuately shaped surface 250 to make contact with the fac
  • the side 252 opposite surface 250 has an appropriate ang relative to surface 250 to make contact with and adhesive or otherwise fasten to end 244 of spring 246.
  • Side 252 m itself be angled to reduce the thickness of contact memb 242, particularly near the end 254 opposite spring 246.
  • Embodiment 228''' includes two sets of pairs of contact members 242' , l ', ea pair of which is adjustably attached to an opposite one extensions 32'' 1 '.
  • Each contact member 242' 1 '' has appropriate shape to reach from attachment to extensi 32'''' around the side of the wearer's face to make conta at the appropriate location in the region of the upper lower lip on one side or the other.
  • Each set of contac members 242'''' has a slot 256 into which the edge of exten sion 32'''' fits.
  • a set screw 258 is used to fasten loosen the set of contact members 242'''' with respect t extension 32'' 1 '.
  • contact member 242'''' may be moved toward or away from the wearer's face
  • screw 258 is tightened to maintain suc force.
  • contact members 242''''' are somewha yieldable.
  • a person receives mouthpiece 26 in hi mouth and places members 92 between his teeth. His lip naturally fit about portion 84, and it is important that th person keeps his lips in contact with portion 84 to maintai a seal. Straps 36 and 38 are moved over the top of the per son's head and adjusted for comfort. Strap 38 may be locate quite low on the head or neck, while strap 36 may be locate quite high on the head or even at the very top of the head Nose clip 126 is removed from ledge 122 and functione appropriately to clamp the person's nose closed. During breathing, on inhalation air is drawn through the openings in cover 46 for cleaning or filtering by filter element 42.
  • the filtered air is directed through aligned openings 48 and 50 and along walled passageway 30 to common chamber 66. Since a negative pressure develops in space 152, closure members 148 flex to open opening 142 and allow the filtered air to flow into space 152 and through connecting passagewy 98 to the person's mouth and breathing passageways. The negative pressure in space 152 keeps second valve mechanism 74 closed.
  • a force may be applied to counter the force applied by straps 36 and 38 so as to minimize any force at mouthpiece 26.
  • support member 194 may be adjusted by turning thumb screw 214 as appropriate.
  • fingers 238 include a ductal member 240 to allow each of the fingers to be somewhat reshaped to apply an appropriate force against the upper or lower lips.
  • screws 258 may be loosened so that contact members 242'''' may be moved to apply an appropriate force. Screws 258 are then again tightened.
  • the present invention includes a number of feature which result in a comfortable respiratory protective devic and one in which seal integrity is likely to be maintained Alternatives to various features have been pointed out. I is understood, however, that many other equivalents ar available. In that ' regard, it is understood that change made, especially in matters of shape, size and arrangement o various components and structure to the full extent extende by the general meaning of the terms in which the appende claims are expressed, are within the principle of the presen invention.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

Dans ce dispositif de protection respiratoire (20, 20'''), on minimise l'espace inutilisé en plaçant le mécanisme de valve d'exhalation (74, 74') légèrement espacé de la bouche, mais directement devant. Le mécanisme de valve d'inhalation (68, 68') entoure le passage de flux caréné menant au mécanisme (74, 74') de valve d'exhalation. Le mécanisme de valve d'inhalation (68, 68') est situé dans une chambre (66) commune qui reçoit de l'air filtré de tous les éléments (22) de filtration. On présente un support de menton (190), qui allège toute force exercée par l'embouchure (26) sur les gencives et les dents. Dans une variante, on présente un mécanisme (228'', 228''', 228'''') contraignant les lèvres de l'utilisateur à maintenir un contact hermétique autour de l'embouchure (26'', 26''', 26'''').
PCT/US1988/000316 1987-02-24 1988-02-04 Dispositif de protection respiratoire Ceased WO1988006468A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1815487A 1987-02-24 1987-02-24
US018,154 1987-02-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1988006468A1 true WO1988006468A1 (fr) 1988-09-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1988/000316 Ceased WO1988006468A1 (fr) 1987-02-24 1988-02-04 Dispositif de protection respiratoire

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AU (1) AU1428788A (fr)
WO (1) WO1988006468A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016018797A1 (fr) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-04 Munster Jason Dispositif personnel de filtration d'air

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2318790A (en) * 1941-09-08 1943-05-11 Martindale Electric Company Respirator
US3643686A (en) * 1970-10-21 1972-02-22 Ewald Koegel High-velocity breathing valve
US3805778A (en) * 1970-09-21 1974-04-23 R Garrahan A breathing block assembly
US4207882A (en) * 1978-03-16 1980-06-17 Lemere Cordell T Filter apparatus for welding mask
US4674492A (en) * 1986-07-25 1987-06-23 Filcon Corporation Alarm system for respirator apparatus and method of use

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2318790A (en) * 1941-09-08 1943-05-11 Martindale Electric Company Respirator
US3805778A (en) * 1970-09-21 1974-04-23 R Garrahan A breathing block assembly
US3643686A (en) * 1970-10-21 1972-02-22 Ewald Koegel High-velocity breathing valve
US4207882A (en) * 1978-03-16 1980-06-17 Lemere Cordell T Filter apparatus for welding mask
US4674492A (en) * 1986-07-25 1987-06-23 Filcon Corporation Alarm system for respirator apparatus and method of use

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016018797A1 (fr) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-04 Munster Jason Dispositif personnel de filtration d'air
US20170136271A1 (en) * 2014-07-31 2017-05-18 Jason Munster Personal air filtration device

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