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WO1984000038A1 - Process and plant for producing biogas - Google Patents

Process and plant for producing biogas Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1984000038A1
WO1984000038A1 PCT/DK1983/000058 DK8300058W WO8400038A1 WO 1984000038 A1 WO1984000038 A1 WO 1984000038A1 DK 8300058 W DK8300058 W DK 8300058W WO 8400038 A1 WO8400038 A1 WO 8400038A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
digestion
manure
tank
tanks
thermophilic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DK1983/000058
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Korsgaard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1984000038A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984000038A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/58Reaction vessels connected in series or in parallel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for producing biogas by digestion of animal manure under production of methane by a continuous process, in which fresh animal manure is supplied to a digestion tank concurrently with the removal of degassed manure from the tank.
  • the treatment of the supplied manure takes place in a single digestion tank either by a so-called mesophilic process where the diges- tion and the accompanying production of methane take place at a comparatively low temp-rature of about 35°C, or by a thermophilic process in which the digestion with a more complete degassing of the manure takes place at a temperature of about 55°C.
  • the mesophilic process re- quires a comparatively long treatment time if a reason ⁇ able amount of gas is to be evolved, and a complete de- gassing of the manure is difficult to achieve; at the same time, mesophilic process does not make it possible to remove completely pathogenic organisms from the treat- ed manure which after having passed the biogas plant is to be used for fertilizing purposes.
  • thermophilic process By the thermophilic process, one achieves a more complete degassing, of the manure, but in order to main ⁇ tain the comparatively high digestion temperature, it is necessary, especially at low outdoor temperatures, to supply a substantial amount of energy to heat the digestor, which reduces the efficiency in respect of energy economy to such an extent that up till now the thermophilic process has not been extensively used, in spite of the fact that it offers substantial environmen ⁇ tal advantages owing to the fact that it results in a degassed manure of a very high fertilizing value, practically odourless and also free of pathogenic orga ⁇ nisms, such as intestinal worms and various pathogenic bacteria, which were contained in the fresh manure.
  • OM that the supplied animal manure is, in two separate, successive digestion tanks, subjected first to a meso ⁇ philic digestion at a temperature of about 35°C and afterwards to a thermophilic digestion at a temperature of about 55°C.
  • thermophilic process in which starting material plant residue and organic refuse from the vegetable production, such as litter straw, have been decomposed to a substantial ex ⁇ tent as compared to fresh manure. Consequently, the pro ⁇ cessing time for the complete degassing of manure by the thermophilic process is substantially shorter than in the case of a thermophilic process carried out from fresh manure.
  • the duration of the thermophilic digestion will typically be of about 6-8 days, while a thermophilic process on basis of fresh manure will typically require a processing time of 3 to 4 weeks.
  • a plant according to the invention is characterized in that it con rises an inner digestion tank provided with heating members for the thermophilic digestion of manure at a ten erature of about 55°C, and a surrounding outer digestion tank for the mesophilic digestion of manure at a temperature of about 35°C, which tanks are separated by a common heat- insulating wall and communicate with each other only through a duct provided adjacent to the said wall for transferring mesophilically digested manure from the bottom of the outer tank to the upper part of the inner tank, an inlet duct for fresh manure opening into the upper part of the outer tank and an outlet duct for de ⁇ gassed manure passing from the bottom of the inner tank througt the outer tank, while outlet ducts for the methane gas are respectively connected with each of two separate chambers which are placed above the tanks and are open towards their respective tank.
  • thermophilic digestion tank by the mesophilic digestion tank will further reduce the total heat requirement for digestion and degassing of a given amount of manure per time unit.
  • the biogas plant com ⁇ prises an inner thermophilic digestion tank 1 surround- ed by an outer mesophilic digestion tank 2, the two tanks being separated by a common heat-insulating wall 3.
  • the outer tank 2 has also a heat-insulating outer wall 4.
  • An inlet duct 5 for fresh animal manure opens in- to the upper part of the outer tank 2, while in connec ⁇ tion with the common wall 3,, provision is made of a connection duct 6 for transferring the mesophilically digested manure from the bottom of the outer tank 2 to the top of the inner tank 1. From the bottom of the inner tank 1 , an outlet duct 7 for degassed manure passes through the outer tank 2 and the upper part of the outer wall 4.
  • each of the tanks 1 and 2 closed by its respective heat-insulating roof, 8 and 9 respectively, so that there is no air connection between the two tanks but only connection through the transfer duct 6.
  • Outlet ducts 10 and 11 for methane gas 5 from the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2, respec ⁇ tively, are passed through the roofs 8 and 9 , re ⁇ spectively.
  • the biogas plant according to the invention is of the so-called displacement type where the digestion pro-
  • thermophilic digestion process 20 tain the temperature of about 55°C necessary to the thermophilic digestion process, provision is made of a heating coil 12, while a heating pipe 13 is provided for the occasional heating of the outer tank 2 in cold periods, in order to maintain the temperature of about
  • the tanks 1 and 2 may, moreover, be provided with devices for instance in the form of circulating pumps for stirring the manure and thus preventing the formation of a so-called floating (supernatant) layer
  • Such stirring devices can also in a conventional manner be further designed for comminuting manure, in particular in the outer tank 2.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

In the production of biogas, an improvement in respect of energy economy with lower heat consumption and shorter processing time and at the same time an odourless degassed animal manure of high fertilizing value and free of pathogenic organisms is obtained by digestion of manure in a continuous process in which the supplied manure is, in two separate, successive digestion tanks, first subjected to a mesophilic digestion at a temperature of about 35<o> C and afterwards to a thermophilic digestion at a temperature of about 55<o> C. The tanks can be designed as an inner digestion tank (1) for the thermophilic digestion and a surrounding outer digestion tank (2) for the mesophilic digestion, separated by a common heat-insulating wall (3) in connection with which a transfer duct (6) for transferring mesophilically digested manure from the bottom of the outer tank (2) to the top of the inner tank (1) constitutes the only connection between the two tanks.

Description

Process and plant for producing biogas.
This invention relates to a process for producing biogas by digestion of animal manure under production of methane by a continuous process, in which fresh animal manure is supplied to a digestion tank concurrently with the removal of degassed manure from the tank.
In known biogas plants, the treatment of the supplied manure takes place in a single digestion tank either by a so-called mesophilic process where the diges- tion and the accompanying production of methane take place at a comparatively low temp-rature of about 35°C, or by a thermophilic process in which the digestion with a more complete degassing of the manure takes place at a temperature of about 55°C. The mesophilic process re- quires a comparatively long treatment time if a reason¬ able amount of gas is to be evolved, and a complete de- gassing of the manure is difficult to achieve; at the same time, mesophilic process does not make it possible to remove completely pathogenic organisms from the treat- ed manure which after having passed the biogas plant is to be used for fertilizing purposes.
By the thermophilic process, one achieves a more complete degassing, of the manure, but in order to main¬ tain the comparatively high digestion temperature, it is necessary, especially at low outdoor temperatures, to supply a substantial amount of energy to heat the digestor, which reduces the efficiency in respect of energy economy to such an extent that up till now the thermophilic process has not been extensively used, in spite of the fact that it offers substantial environmen¬ tal advantages owing to the fact that it results in a degassed manure of a very high fertilizing value, practically odourless and also free of pathogenic orga¬ nisms, such as intestinal worms and various pathogenic bacteria, which were contained in the fresh manure.
With a view to overcoming the energetic and^ en¬ vironmental drawbacks of existing biogas plants, the process according to the invention is characterized in
OM that the supplied animal manure is, in two separate, successive digestion tanks, subjected first to a meso¬ philic digestion at a temperature of about 35°C and afterwards to a thermophilic digestion at a temperature of about 55°C.
By subjecting successively the animal manure first to a mesophilic digestion and then to a thermo¬ philic digestion, one obtains in the first place an en¬ vironmentally valuable process making the degassed manure intended for fertilizing purposes both odourless and free of pathogenic organisms, so that the process according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in collec¬ tive plants treating manure from a plurality of farms, as it ensure that the degassed manure returned to each farm for fertilizing purposes is not infected with pathogenic organisms of foreign origin.
Moreover, as a result of the first mesophilic digestion process a more homogeneous manure πaterial is supplied as starting material for the subsequent thermo- philic process, in which starting material plant residue and organic refuse from the vegetable production, such as litter straw, have been decomposed to a substantial ex¬ tent as compared to fresh manure. Consequently, the pro¬ cessing time for the complete degassing of manure by the thermophilic process is substantially shorter than in the case of a thermophilic process carried out from fresh manure. In the process according to the invention the duration of the thermophilic digestion will typically be of about 6-8 days, while a thermophilic process on basis of fresh manure will typically require a processing time of 3 to 4 weeks.
For carrying out the process, a plant according to the invention is characterized in that it con rises an inner digestion tank provided with heating members for the thermophilic digestion of manure at a ten erature of about 55°C, and a surrounding outer digestion tank for the mesophilic digestion of manure at a temperature of about 35°C, which tanks are separated by a common heat- insulating wall and communicate with each other only through a duct provided adjacent to the said wall for transferring mesophilically digested manure from the bottom of the outer tank to the upper part of the inner tank, an inlet duct for fresh manure opening into the upper part of the outer tank and an outlet duct for de¬ gassed manure passing from the bottom of the inner tank througt the outer tank, while outlet ducts for the methane gas are respectively connected with each of two separate chambers which are placed above the tanks and are open towards their respective tank.
This embodiment of the biogas plant with coaxial cylindrical tanks results in a further improvement of the energetic efficiency since the surrounding of the thermophilic digestion tank by the mesophilic digestion tank will further reduce the total heat requirement for digestion and degassing of a given amount of manure per time unit.
The invention will in the following be explained in more detail with reference to the schematic drawing showing a section of an embodiment of a biogas plant according to the invention.
In the embodiment shown, the biogas plant com¬ prises an inner thermophilic digestion tank 1 surround- ed by an outer mesophilic digestion tank 2, the two tanks being separated by a common heat-insulating wall 3. The outer tank 2 has also a heat-insulating outer wall 4.
An inlet duct 5 for fresh animal manure opens in- to the upper part of the outer tank 2, while in connec¬ tion with the common wall 3,, provision is made of a connection duct 6 for transferring the mesophilically digested manure from the bottom of the outer tank 2 to the top of the inner tank 1. From the bottom of the inner tank 1 , an outlet duct 7 for degassed manure passes through the outer tank 2 and the upper part of the outer wall 4.
At the top,' each of the tanks 1 and 2 closed by its respective heat-insulating roof, 8 and 9 respectively, so that there is no air connection between the two tanks but only connection through the transfer duct 6. Outlet ducts 10 and 11 for methane gas 5 from the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2, respec¬ tively, are passed through the roofs 8 and 9 , re¬ spectively.
The biogas plant according to the invention is of the so-called displacement type where the digestion pro-
10 cess is continuous, since once the process has been started, the supply of fresh manure through the inlet duct 5 takes place concurrently with the removal of degassed manure through the outlet duct 7 and its conveying to a storage vessel (not shown) . The levels
15 of manure in the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2 will be determined by the position of the lead-in of the outlet duct 7 through the outer wall 4 and of the opening of the transfer duct 6 into the inner tank 1. For heating the inner tank 1 in order to main-
20 tain the temperature of about 55°C necessary to the thermophilic digestion process, provision is made of a heating coil 12, while a heating pipe 13 is provided for the occasional heating of the outer tank 2 in cold periods, in order to maintain the temperature of about
25 35°C for the mesophilic digestion process.
The tanks 1 and 2 may, moreover, be provided with devices for instance in the form of circulating pumps for stirring the manure and thus preventing the formation of a so-called floating (supernatant) layer
30 at the top of the tanks. Such stirring devices can also in a conventional manner be further designed for comminuting manure, in particular in the outer tank 2.

Claims

P A T E N T C L A I M S 1. A process for producing biogas by digestion of animal manure under production of methane by a con¬ tinuous process, in which fresh animal manure is supplied to a digestion tank concurrently with the re- i moval of degassed manure from the tank, characterized in that the supplied animal manure is, in two separate, successive digestion tanks (1, 2), subjected first to a mesophilic digestion at a temperature of about 35°C and afterwards to a thermophilic digestion at a tempe¬ rature of about 55°C.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the mesophilic digestion is continued until a substantially homogeneous manure material to be supplied to the digestion tank (1] for the thermophilic diges¬ tion is obtained, and that the duration of the thermo¬ philic digestion is substantially shorter than the duration of the mesophilic digestion.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the duration of the mesophilic digestion is of about two weeks, while the duration of the thermophilic digestion is of 6 to 8 days.
4. A plant for carrying out the process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises an inner digestion tank (1) provided with heating members (12) for the thermophilic digestion of manure at a tem¬ perature of about 55 C,and a surrounding outer digestion tank (2) for the mesophilic digestion of manure at a ■ temperature of about 35°C, which tanks are separated by a common heat-insulating wall (3) and communicate with each other only through a duct (6) provided adjacent to the said wall for transferring mesophilically digested manure from the bottom of the outer tank (2) to the top of the inner tank (1), an inlet duct (5) for fresh manure opening into the top of the outer tank (2) and an outlet- duct (7) for degassed manure passing from the bottom of the inner tank (1) through the outer tank (2), while common outlet ducts (10, 11) for the methane gas are respectively connected with each of two separate chambers placed above the tanks (1, 2) and open towards their respective tank.
5. A plant as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the common wall (3) between the inner and the outer tank (1, 2) and an outer wall (4) for the outer tank (2) are formed of coaxial, substantially cylindrical walls.
-BURE
OKPI
PCT/DK1983/000058 1982-06-16 1983-06-03 Process and plant for producing biogas Ceased WO1984000038A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK271382A DK271382A (en) 1982-06-16 1982-06-16 METHOD AND PLANT FOR BIOGAS MANUFACTURING

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1984000038A1 true WO1984000038A1 (en) 1984-01-05

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PCT/DK1983/000058 Ceased WO1984000038A1 (en) 1982-06-16 1983-06-03 Process and plant for producing biogas

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0111505A1 (en)
DK (1) DK271382A (en)
WO (1) WO1984000038A1 (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1986000293A1 (en) * 1982-12-30 1986-01-16 Inprohold Establishment Method and plant for continuously producing biological humus-forming fertilizer
US5525229A (en) * 1994-09-14 1996-06-11 North Carolina State University Process and apparatus for anaerobic digestion
FR2744937A1 (en) * 1996-02-21 1997-08-22 Europ Agence Spatiale ORGANIC WASTE TREATMENT PROCESS AND PLANT AND APPLICATIONS OF SUCH PROCESS
WO1999020573A1 (en) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-29 Nordenskjoeld Reinhart Von Biogas facility
DE10345600A1 (en) * 2003-09-29 2005-04-28 Eisenmann Kg Maschbau Plant to generate biogas from biomass has fermenting container divided into two zones with heating to give raised temperature in second discharge zone
US6929744B2 (en) 2000-05-12 2005-08-16 United Utilites Plc Sludge treatment at a mesophilic temperature
DE102004035997A1 (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-02-02 Rühl, Bernhard Biogas plant for the supply of methane-containing gases
DE102005054323A1 (en) * 2005-11-11 2007-05-24 Wilhelm Gantefort Fermenter for the production of biogas from organic material
US7416644B2 (en) 2002-08-01 2008-08-26 Green Farm Energy Method and device for stripping ammonia from liquids
RU2414443C2 (en) * 2009-06-04 2011-03-20 Российская академия сельскохозяйственных наук Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт электрификации сельского хозяйства Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук (ГНУ ВИЭСХ Россельхозакадемии) Line of manure recycling to produce biogas and fertilisers
WO2018064993A1 (en) * 2016-10-09 2018-04-12 Archea New Energy Gmbh Multi-chamber system for generating biogas

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013039407A1 (en) 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Green Gas As Modular anaerobic digestion system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE630242C (en) * 1931-06-02 1936-05-23 Franz Fries Device for utilizing the surplus heat of artificially heated digestion rooms
GB462941A (en) * 1935-06-21 1937-03-18 Dorr Co Inc Improvements relating to the process of sewage sludge digestion and apparatus therefor
AU485782B2 (en) * 1972-08-24 1975-02-27 Beaumont Stanley Sewage treatment plant and process
DE3042883A1 (en) * 1980-11-13 1982-06-09 Hans Dipl.-Ing. 6393 Wehrheim Schneider Biomass conversion to methane and manure - in two reactors in series with specified different temp. levels

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE630242C (en) * 1931-06-02 1936-05-23 Franz Fries Device for utilizing the surplus heat of artificially heated digestion rooms
GB462941A (en) * 1935-06-21 1937-03-18 Dorr Co Inc Improvements relating to the process of sewage sludge digestion and apparatus therefor
AU485782B2 (en) * 1972-08-24 1975-02-27 Beaumont Stanley Sewage treatment plant and process
DE3042883A1 (en) * 1980-11-13 1982-06-09 Hans Dipl.-Ing. 6393 Wehrheim Schneider Biomass conversion to methane and manure - in two reactors in series with specified different temp. levels

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Patent Abstracts of Japan, abstract of JP 56-108 591, published 1981-08-28 *

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1986000293A1 (en) * 1982-12-30 1986-01-16 Inprohold Establishment Method and plant for continuously producing biological humus-forming fertilizer
US5525229A (en) * 1994-09-14 1996-06-11 North Carolina State University Process and apparatus for anaerobic digestion
FR2744937A1 (en) * 1996-02-21 1997-08-22 Europ Agence Spatiale ORGANIC WASTE TREATMENT PROCESS AND PLANT AND APPLICATIONS OF SUCH PROCESS
WO1997031120A1 (en) * 1996-02-21 1997-08-28 Agence Spatiale Europeenne Organic waste processing method and plant, and uses of said method
US6077548A (en) * 1996-02-21 2000-06-20 Agence Spatiale Europeenne Organic waste processing method, and uses thereof
WO1999020573A1 (en) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-29 Nordenskjoeld Reinhart Von Biogas facility
US6929744B2 (en) 2000-05-12 2005-08-16 United Utilites Plc Sludge treatment at a mesophilic temperature
US7416644B2 (en) 2002-08-01 2008-08-26 Green Farm Energy Method and device for stripping ammonia from liquids
DE10345600A1 (en) * 2003-09-29 2005-04-28 Eisenmann Kg Maschbau Plant to generate biogas from biomass has fermenting container divided into two zones with heating to give raised temperature in second discharge zone
DE102004035997A1 (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-02-02 Rühl, Bernhard Biogas plant for the supply of methane-containing gases
DE102005054323A1 (en) * 2005-11-11 2007-05-24 Wilhelm Gantefort Fermenter for the production of biogas from organic material
DE102005054323B4 (en) * 2005-11-11 2008-02-21 Wilhelm Gantefort Fermenter for the production of biogas from organic material
US8283159B2 (en) 2005-11-11 2012-10-09 Wilheim Gantefort Fermenter for producing biogas from organic material
RU2414443C2 (en) * 2009-06-04 2011-03-20 Российская академия сельскохозяйственных наук Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт электрификации сельского хозяйства Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук (ГНУ ВИЭСХ Россельхозакадемии) Line of manure recycling to produce biogas and fertilisers
WO2018064993A1 (en) * 2016-10-09 2018-04-12 Archea New Energy Gmbh Multi-chamber system for generating biogas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK271382A (en) 1983-12-17
EP0111505A1 (en) 1984-06-27

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