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WO1982000589A1 - Injecteur mecanique autonome - Google Patents

Injecteur mecanique autonome Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1982000589A1
WO1982000589A1 PCT/US1980/001078 US8001078W WO8200589A1 WO 1982000589 A1 WO1982000589 A1 WO 1982000589A1 US 8001078 W US8001078 W US 8001078W WO 8200589 A1 WO8200589 A1 WO 8200589A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
prescribed
driving means
time
patient
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1980/001078
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
D Whitney
J Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/US1980/001078 priority Critical patent/WO1982000589A1/fr
Priority to EP19810901003 priority patent/EP0058153A1/fr
Publication of WO1982000589A1 publication Critical patent/WO1982000589A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M5/145—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons
    • A61M5/1452—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons pressurised by means of pistons
    • A61M5/14546—Front-loading type injectors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • A61M5/172—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M5/145—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons
    • A61M2005/14506—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons mechanically driven, e.g. spring or clockwork
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M5/145—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons
    • A61M5/1452—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons pressurised by means of pistons
    • A61M5/14566—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons pressurised by means of pistons with a replaceable reservoir for receiving a piston rod of the pump

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to devices for dispensing or injecting a fluid at a controlled rate and more particularly to an injector tor use in the medical field to inject fluids into the body of a patient at a slow rate over a prolonged period of time.
  • fluids such as liquid medicaments into the body of the patient, whether human or animal, at a relatively slow rate over a prolonged period of time.
  • Several varieties of medical treatments such as chemotherapy, pre and post-surgery treatments for the prevention of blood clot ting, various nutrient treatments, various antibiotic treatments and treatment oi certain other diseases generally require low rates of injection over a long period of time. Such injections are generally made intravenously or subcutaneously into the patient. Some of these treatments generally require that the fluid be introduced relatively continuously over an extended period of time at varying rates ranging from very slow rates, usually about 1cc per 24-hour period, to relatively fast rates of more than about Sec per 24-hour period.
  • the invention of this application over comes the problems and disadvantages associated with the prior art by providing an injection system which has the capability of injecting fluid slowly and precisely into a patient at a known, easily measurable and easily variable rate. Because the system of the invention is able to precisely control the injection of the fluid, the volume and thus the weight of the fluid injected is minimized because of its concentrated form rather than diluted form. Also, the power required to dispense this minimized volume of fluid is minimized to minimize the power pack weight. As a result, the system of the invention can be made highly portable so that the patient is not hampered in his ambulatory capability thereby maximizing the amount of productive time available to the patient even during treatment. Because of these features, the system of the invention is ideally suited for out-patient use not presently clinically available to prevent unnecessary hospitalization and expense.
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the apparatus with portions thereof broken away to show the construction thereof;
  • Fig. 2 is an elevational view partly shown in cross-section of that embodiment of the apparatus seen in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the spring drive mechanism of the apparatus taken along line 3-3 in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is an electrical block diagram of the controller circuit of the invention seen in Figs. 1-3.
  • the fluid injector 10 has a power unit 11 for selectively forcing a fluid from the ampule or container 12 carrying the fluid.
  • the amnule 12 is Dositioned on the power unit 11 by an ampule holder 14.
  • the fluid from the ampule 12 is forced into the patient by the power unit 11 via a connector assembly 15.
  • the power unit 11 includes a housing 20 which remo vably mounts the ampule holder 14 thereon about an expelling axis A E as will become more apparent.
  • the hou sing 20 mounts a drive screw assembly 21 therein about the expelling axis A E to expel fluid from the amnule 12 carried in holder 14 as will become more apparent.
  • the drive screw assembly 21 is driven by a spring driven clockwork mechanism 22 through a transmission 24.
  • the output of the clockwork mechanism 22 is controlled by a controller 25 powered by a battery 26 to operate a solenoid clutch assembly 23 connected to the output of the clockwork mechanism 22 as will become more apparent.
  • the housing 20 has a base 29 which mounts the various components thereon.
  • a removable cover 30 is adapted to fit over base 29 to enclose the components mounted on the base. Locating pins 31 maintain cover 30 in alignment with base 29 and latch pin 32 keeps cover 30 in place.
  • the drive screw assembly 21 includes an externally threaded drive screw 35 (Figs. 1 and 2) which forces the fluid from ampule 12.
  • the drive screw 35 is positioned coaxially along the expelling axis A E by an internally threaded split nut 36 (Fig. 2) mounted on the base 29 of the housing 20 so that nut 36 is axially fixed along axis
  • Nut 36 can be opened to release the drive screw 40 so that it can be manually moved axially along axis A E and nut 36 re-engaged. With nut 36 closed to engage drive screw 35, rotation of drive screw 35 shifts drive screw 40 axially along the expelling axis A E to engage the piston 38 in the ampule 12 and expel the liquid medicment from The ampule.
  • the drive screw 35 is driven from drive shaft 40 through a slip joint 41 so that the drive screw 33 is axially shiftable along drive shaft 40, yet the drive shaft 40 maintains driving engagement with screw 35.
  • drive screw 35 is rotated b y drive shaft 40, yet is axially movable therealong so that driving engage ment is maintained while nut 36 extends drive screw 35.
  • the drive shaft 40 is rotatably journalled in bearings mounted in support plates 42 of the transmission 24 as seen in Fig. 1 so that the central axis of the drive shaft 40 is coaxial with the expelling axis A E .
  • the journalled connections between the drive shaft 40 and the support plates 42 prevent axial movement of the drive shaft 40 along the expelling axis A E while allowing the drive shaft 40 to be rotated about the ex polling axis A E .
  • the drive screw 35 will be rotated to axially displace the drive screw 35 along the expelling axis A E and move the projecting end thereof out of the housing 20.
  • the split nut 36 is opened and the drive screw 35 manually pushed back into the housing 20. After the drive screw 35 has been retracted back into the housing 20, the split nut 36 is reclosed to re-engage the drive screw 35 so that it can be driven back out of the houssing 20 by rotating the drive shaft 40.
  • the transmission 24 (Figs. 1 and 2) is powered by the clock mechanism 22 to rotate the drive shaft 40.
  • the drive shaft 40 serves as the output of the transmission 24 with an output spur gear 51 rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 40 between the support plates 42 and connected to the drive shaft 40 through a oneway ratchet clutch assembly 52 so that rotation of the output spur gear 51 rotates the drive shaft 40.
  • the output spur gear 51 is rotatably driven by an input drive pinion 54 driven by the clockwork mechanism 22.
  • the input drive pinion 54 is mounted on the output shaft 55 of the clockwork mechanism 22 as will become more apparent.
  • the solenoid clutch assembly 28 is also mounted on the output shaft 55 between the transmission support plates 42.
  • the clutch assembly 23 includes a ratchet wheel 56 affixed to the pinion shaft 55 and provided with peripheral ratchet teeth 53 which are engaged by a stop dog 59 best seen in Fig. 1.
  • the ratchet teeth 53 on the ratchet wheel 36 are oriented with respect to the stop dog 59 so that the ratchet wheel 56 can rotate with the output shaft 55 in a counterclockwise direction as seen in Fig. 1 when the stop dog 59 is pivoted outwardly to its released position by solenoid 60 when it is activated.
  • the return spring 61 on the solenoid 60 resiliently urges the stop dog 59 toward its catch position.
  • stop dog 59 release of stop dog 59 by actuating solenoid 60 allows the clockwork mechanism 22 to rotate the drive pinion 54 counterclockwise until the dog 59 returns to its catch position by spring 61. Then stop dog 59 engages the next ratchet tooth 58 to stop the motion of pinion 54 and thus limit the amount of fluid injected from ampule 14.
  • a flush mechanism is provided by extending the projecting end of the drive shaft 40 through the outboard support plate 42 and providing a slot 65 in the projecting end of drive shaft 40 to be engaged by a driving device SD such as a screwdriver to manually rotate shaft 40 clockwise.
  • the input ratchet assembly 52 serves to connect gear 51 to drive shaft 40 so that rotation of shaft 40 clockwise, when viewed as seen in Fig. 1, will allow-gear 51 to remain stationary for flushing, yet rotation of gear 51 clockwise also rotates shaft 40 clockwise as will become more apparent.
  • Ratchet assembly 52 includes driving ratchet member 66 affixed to the spur gear 51 so that it rotates therewith.
  • An internally splined driven ratchet member 68 is mounted on the drive shaft 40 between support plates 42 via an externally splined connector affixed to shaft 40.
  • the splined connector permits driven ratchet member 63 to slide axially along shaft 40 but rotation of driven ratchet member 68 positively rotates the drive shaft 40.
  • ra.tchet members 66 and 63 facing each other are forced together by ratchet spring 69 and are provided with meshing ratchet teeth constructed so that the driving ratchet member 66 rotates the driven ratchet member 68 when spur gear 51 is rotated clockwise viewed as in Fig. 1; however, the teeth on the driven ratchet member 63 can slip over the teeth on the driving ratchet member 66 when shaft 40 is rotated clockwise so that flushing is provided.
  • This feature is more fully explained in our co-pending application Serial No. 001,091 and incorporated herein by reference.
  • the clockwork mechanism 22 as best seen in Fig. 3 includes a mainspring 70 driving the output shaft 55 through a right angle gearing 71.
  • the output rotational speed of the shaft 55 is controlled by a typical escapement mechanism 72 and associated gear train 74 of conventional design and, hence, a detailed explanation is not necessary.
  • the mainspring 70 is manually wound with key 75.
  • the ampule 12, ampule holder 14, connector assembly 15, and drive screw assembly 21 have been described in detail in our co-pending application Serial No. 001,091 and the description thereof is incorporated herein by reference. Therefore, a detailed description will not be repeated here
  • the connector assembly 15 has an injection needle 76 for intravenously or subcutaneously connecting the liquid medicament in the ampule 12 to the patient so that movement of the piston 33 by power unit 11 forces the liquid medicament. into the patient.
  • the controller 25 serves to alternatively connect and disconnect the battery 26 to solenoid 60 in clutch assembly 23 so that the stop dog 59 alternatively releases and stops the ratchet wheel 56. When the ratchet wheel 56 is released, the clockwork mechanism 22 drives the spur gear 51 and drive screw 35 to expel the liquid medicament.
  • controller 25 When the controller 25 disconnects battery 26 from solenoid 60, return Spring 61 shifts stop dog 59 back to its catch position so that it engages the next ratchet tooth 58 on wheel S6 to stop the clockwork mechanism 22 from further driving the spur gear 51 and drive screw 35 until the controller 25 again connects the solenoid 60 to battery 26.
  • the rate at which controller 25 connects and disconnects battery 26 to solenoid 60 thus serves to maintain the desired average liquid injection rate.
  • the controller 25 is schematically illustrated in Fig. 4. Basically, the controller 25 includes a timing pulse generator 80 whose pulse output operates a switching network 81 to cause the switching network 31 to alternatively connect the solenoid 60 to and disconnect solenoid 60 from battery 26.
  • the pulse output rate from the timing pulse generator 30 can be manually adjusted through the pulse timercontrol 82.
  • the pulse timer control 32 is illustrated in Fig. 1 as .three manually adjustable potentiometers although different timer control arrangements may be used.
  • the operation of the timing pulse output of controller 25 is described in detail in our earlier PCT application No. PCT/US79/00013 filed 12 January 1979 and is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the duty cycle of the timing pulse generator 80 is such that the switching network 81 connects the battefy 26 to the sole noid 60 for a first period of time and then disconnects it for a second period of time.
  • the connected "ON" period is maintained fixed while the disconnected “OFF” period is varied to vary the overall injection rate as more fully described in our co-pending application Serial No. 001,091.
  • the "ON” is usually selected to be less than the time it takes the clockwork mechanism 22 to move the ratchet wheel 56 the distance between adjacent teeth 53 so that the drive screw 35 is only advanced one ratchet tooth 58 at the time. It is, of course, within the scope of the invention to allow more than one tooth of movement of the ratchet wheel 56 during the "ON" period.
  • An indicator mechanism 34 such as lamp L seen in Fig. 4 or an audible sound generator may be used to provide an indication that the injector is operating.
  • the indicator mechanism may be activated with the output from generator 80. Since the "ON" state is usually shorter than the "OFF” state, however, it would usually be activated in response to the "ON" state to extend battery life.
  • the setting of the pulse time control 32 can be made to correspond to the injection rate delivered.
  • the setting could correspond to the injection rate to two decimal places. This facilitates adjustment of in jection rate.
  • the overall gear ratio of transmission 24 and the drive screw assembly 21 will be determined by the size of the ampule 12, the tooth spacing on ratchet wheel 56, and the desired incremental volume of liquid medicament to be injected each time the solenoid 60 is energized.
  • the battery 26 may be connected to the switching network 81 through a disabling monitor network 85 shown by phantom lines in Fig. 4.
  • the disabling network 34 is provided with a feedback circuit from the timing pulse generator 80 and the output of the pulse generator 80 so that malfunction of the timing pulse generator 80 causes the feedback circuit to activate the disabling monitor network 84 to cause the disabling monitor network 84 to disconnect the battery 26 from the switching network 81 and thus disable the solenoid 60.
  • a motion sensor may be operatively associated with the mechanical output of the solenoid 60 and/or the clockwork drive to provide another input to the disabling monitor network 34 so that, if the timing pulse generator 80 generates a signal in its output which should cause the switching network 81 to activate the solenoid 60 and no motion is sensed in the mechanical output of the solenoid 60 or clockwork drive, the disabling monitor netowrk 34 disconnects the battery 26 from the switching network 31 to disable the solenoid 60.
  • the disabling monitor network 34 serves to disable the solenoid 60 upon malfunction of the timing pulse generator or the failure to obtain a mechanical output from the solenoid 60 or clockwork drive when such output should be present.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

Appareil et procede d'injection de fluides dans des patients a une vitesse controlee, a partir d'une ampoule (12) contenant le fluide d'injection avec un piston coulissant a l'interieur (38) pour forcer le fluide hors de l'ampoule dans le patient en utilisant un systeme d'entrainement (11) qui fait avancer le piston par increments et progressivement dans l'ampoule pour doser le fluide injecte dans le patient.
PCT/US1980/001078 1980-08-21 1980-08-21 Injecteur mecanique autonome Ceased WO1982000589A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1980/001078 WO1982000589A1 (fr) 1980-08-21 1980-08-21 Injecteur mecanique autonome
EP19810901003 EP0058153A1 (fr) 1980-08-21 1980-08-21 Injecteur mecanique autonome

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1980/001078 WO1982000589A1 (fr) 1980-08-21 1980-08-21 Injecteur mecanique autonome
WOUS80/01078800821 1980-08-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1982000589A1 true WO1982000589A1 (fr) 1982-03-04

Family

ID=22154502

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1980/001078 Ceased WO1982000589A1 (fr) 1980-08-21 1980-08-21 Injecteur mecanique autonome

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0058153A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1982000589A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985001443A1 (fr) * 1983-09-29 1985-04-11 Beguin Edirene Regulateur d'injection
EP0167318A3 (fr) * 1984-06-15 1987-01-21 Daltex Medical Sciences, Inc. Entraínement mécanique fiable pour seringue
FR2592308A1 (fr) * 1985-12-30 1987-07-03 Godefroy Alain Pousse-seringues universel.
EP0246158A1 (fr) 1986-05-14 1987-11-19 Buffet, Jacques Dispositif externe pour injecter un médicament
FR2598624A1 (fr) * 1986-05-14 1987-11-20 Buffet Jacques Dispositif externe pour injecter un medicament ou autre
US4921487A (en) * 1988-09-21 1990-05-01 Compagnie Financiere Saint. Nicolas External device for injecting medicine
WO2001071240A1 (fr) 2000-03-21 2001-09-27 Wymark Limited Dispositif de lubirification

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2602446A (en) * 1950-02-27 1952-07-08 Antonina S Glass Automatic medical injection apparatus
US2627270A (en) * 1946-02-09 1953-02-03 Antonina S Glass Self-propelled automatic syringe
US2690178A (en) * 1950-11-13 1954-09-28 Research Corp Automatic apparatus for administering drugs
US2702547A (en) * 1950-02-27 1955-02-22 Antonina S Glass Motor-driven medical injection apparatus and cartridges therefor
US2703084A (en) * 1953-07-17 1955-03-01 Fay M Tomlinson Liquid dispenser
US3279653A (en) * 1964-12-17 1966-10-18 Frederick W Pfleger Escapement controlled dispensing apparatus
US4059110A (en) * 1976-10-07 1977-11-22 Timex Corporation Clockwork driven hypodermic syringe
US4150672A (en) * 1976-11-12 1979-04-24 Martin John K Injection device and method

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2627270A (en) * 1946-02-09 1953-02-03 Antonina S Glass Self-propelled automatic syringe
US2602446A (en) * 1950-02-27 1952-07-08 Antonina S Glass Automatic medical injection apparatus
US2702547A (en) * 1950-02-27 1955-02-22 Antonina S Glass Motor-driven medical injection apparatus and cartridges therefor
US2690178A (en) * 1950-11-13 1954-09-28 Research Corp Automatic apparatus for administering drugs
US2703084A (en) * 1953-07-17 1955-03-01 Fay M Tomlinson Liquid dispenser
US3279653A (en) * 1964-12-17 1966-10-18 Frederick W Pfleger Escapement controlled dispensing apparatus
US4059110A (en) * 1976-10-07 1977-11-22 Timex Corporation Clockwork driven hypodermic syringe
US4150672A (en) * 1976-11-12 1979-04-24 Martin John K Injection device and method

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985001443A1 (fr) * 1983-09-29 1985-04-11 Beguin Edirene Regulateur d'injection
EP0167318A3 (fr) * 1984-06-15 1987-01-21 Daltex Medical Sciences, Inc. Entraínement mécanique fiable pour seringue
FR2592308A1 (fr) * 1985-12-30 1987-07-03 Godefroy Alain Pousse-seringues universel.
EP0246158A1 (fr) 1986-05-14 1987-11-19 Buffet, Jacques Dispositif externe pour injecter un médicament
FR2598624A1 (fr) * 1986-05-14 1987-11-20 Buffet Jacques Dispositif externe pour injecter un medicament ou autre
US4921487A (en) * 1988-09-21 1990-05-01 Compagnie Financiere Saint. Nicolas External device for injecting medicine
WO2001071240A1 (fr) 2000-03-21 2001-09-27 Wymark Limited Dispositif de lubirification

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0058153A1 (fr) 1982-08-25

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