WO1980002072A1 - Method and device for keeping constant the flow rate of bulk material - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for keeping constant the flow rate of a bulk material consists in subjecting the bulk material to the influence of an electric field of high voltage to generate on its particles surface-bound charges and passing the thus charged bulk material through an electromagnetic field of continuously registered intensity and, depending on the change of the field intensity, in determining the degree of variation of the flow rate of the bulk material from its preset value. A device for controlling the low rate comprises an inductance coil (1) oriented coaxially around a diamagnetic pipe (2) from which the bulk material flows. The primary winding (4) of the coil is connected to a direct current source whereas the secondary winding (5) of the coil is connected to an indicator (6). The device comprises as well two electrodes intended for generating surface-bound charges on the particles of the bulk material, one (7) of the electrodes being mounted inside a bunker, on the way of the low of the bulk material and both electrodes being connected to a high voltage source (8).

Description

 ΟΙ0С0Б ΚΟΗΤΡΟЛЯ ΡΑШΟΜΕΡΗΟСΤИ ΡΑСΧΟДΑ ΠΟΤΟΚΑ

LOAN ΜΑΤΕΡ Α Α Α Α ΤΡΟ ΤΡΟ ΤΡΟ ΤΡΟ ΤΒΟ ΤΒΟ ΤΒΟ Ε Ε Ο Ο У Ε - - - - The area

5 Ηasτοyaschee izοbρeτenie οτnοsiτsya K τeχniκe κοnτροlya for πaρameτρami syπuchegο maτeρiala tsρi egο motion zhenii in bunκeρaχ τρubοπροvοdοv and bοlee κοnκρeτnο - κ sποsο bu κοnτροlya ρavnοmeρnοsτi ρasχοda ποτοκa syπuchegο maτeρiala and usτροysτvu for- egο οsuschesτvleniya.

10 PREVIOUS TECHNOLOGY

. _^ Pρaκτichesκi neτ οτρasley προmyshlennοsτi, wherever ^{'isποlzοvalis} Te or other syπuchie maτeρialy in. form ποροшків. Most commonly used materials are used in the form of single or small components

15 for the use of supplies, pulp and suspensions. For example, for the preparation of tertiary products for the consolidation of bore holes, highly concentrated mixtures of cement and / or various are found in the mix

20 mix with liquid contamination. When using a multi-component mixture, you must observe the exact principle of the components, which in turn is due to the fact. There will be a lot of benefits from bulk compartments.

25 When manufacturing a plant, the exact cost of the components is also required.

When drilling a product in the form of a mixture of clay and water, a conventional concentration of a solid phase does not increase the weight of 10: 100 / weight

30 unit χ /. Sοglasnο τρebοvaniyam meτροlοgichesκοgο κοn- τροlya, ποgρeshnοsτ in izmeρenii ρasχοda ποροshκοοbρaz- nοgο maτeρiala not dοlzhna πρevyshaτ 2 chτο sοοτveτsτ- vueτ in edinitsaχ πlοτnοsτi ρasτvορa 0.02 g / cm ^3.

All known widespread uses are available.

3 Other materials do not have the same production accuracy. Particularly high demand for use

- 2 - are used in the pharmaceutical industry for the treatment of drugs.

The current time for measuring the supply of loose bulk compo- nents with liquids is usually the use of concentrates and process devices.

The method of measuring the concentration of solid and liquid phase is known, which includes the loss of viscosity of the product In contrast to the pressure introduced into the inlet of the air, the concentration of the solid phase in the liquid is divided / Glybin I.P. "Automatic. Plastomery", "Technician", Kiev, 1965 /.

With a high accuracy of the measurement of the concentration of the func- tional method, the consumable discharge is ignored by the input air. yzvesτen zleκτροκineτichesκy sποsοb izmeρeniya κοn- tsenτρatsii τveρdyχ chasτits in zhidκοsτi πuτem izmeρeniya eleκτροκineτichesκοgο ποτentsiala ποτοκa ρasτzορa, vοz- niκayuschegο πρi πeρemeschenii τveρdyχ chasτits in zhidκiχ sρe- daχ /a:.s, & SSSΡ 594,439, οτ 18.10.76, Byulleτen "0t- κρyτiya, INVENTIONS - INDUSTRIAL SIGNS AND TARGETS ",» 7, 1978 /.

However, this method has a limited use and is used only in a moving process flow.

Means are known for measuring the yield of bulk material. By continuously measuring the weight or volume of the product.

All the known methods are highly sophisticated and implementable, and the devices for realizing these uncomfortable services are unacceptable, inconvenient, and unacceptable.

The complexity of the problems lies in the fact that loose bulk materials in the total mass are extremely tense, they are highly prone to - 3 - the process of storage and retrieval, as well as the ability to merge into rooms and units by using the forces of a small cluster. All of this is caused by the expiration of the free-flowing material.

5, in addition, with a high degree of dispersion, which in turn leads to a deterioration in the quality ratio, an increase in the resultant is a result of a decrease in the rate of change.

Absence of a host for the equip- ment of the flow of raw materials

10 heaps of materials leads to excessive waste of material, t.κ. However, if it is irrelevant from the bunker of the carrier, there are a large number of available materials that may be more difficult to prescribe. Affordable, commercially available materials in liquid.

15 Costs of property are affected by deterioration of the quality of our products.

Therefore, the most correct way to control the concentration is not to contact the solid phase in the liquid mixture already in the mixture _. and not the outcome of the loose material and its benefits

20 zanii and neποsρedsτvennο ρavnοmeρnοsτ ρasχοda / used τecheniya / syπuchegο maτeρiala of bunκeρa-dοzaτορa.Κοnτ- ροl for eτim πaρameτροm ποzvοliτ πρaκτichesκi mgnοven- nο οπρedeliτ οτκlοnenie ρasχοda syπuchegο maτeρiala οτ zadannοgο values and πρinyaτ οπeρaτivnye meρy κ

25 elimination of exclusion, and also use automatic control systems for maintaining the process of unloading of friable material in optimal mode.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

30 Β οsnοvu izοbρeτeniya ποlοzhena task sοzdaτ τaκοy sποsοb κοnτροlya ρavnοmeρnοsτi ρasχοda, κοτορy would ποzvοlil οbesπechiτ τοchny κοnτροl for ρavnοmeρ- nοsτyu ρasχοda syπuchegο maτeρiala πρi egο dοziροva- Research Institute, and τaκοe usτροysτvο would ποzvοlilο κοτοροe οsuschesτv-

3 Fill the control panel for equal access to waste

- 4 - by an uncomplicated efficient operation of it and high reliability in operation.

This task is solved in order to ensure that there is a means of controlling the process flow.

5 fuels, according to the invention, the friable material is electrically powered, and is designed to withstand high voltage. To use on its part, charge it and dispose of this material in a dry state through an electromagnet

In the new field, the value of the quick-register is constant, and when changing the magnetic field, the value of the voltage is disconnected, the value is disconnected.

This, in turn, increases the accuracy of

15 account of the share, in addition, is not only a waste, but separate parts of the friable material. Please be advised that this is due to the fact that there is a risk of obstruction due to the risk of loss of product.

20 of the results for improving the quality of products made from these products.

Electricity is useful in order to make a dependent charge of the particles, and the voltage is often less than 5%.

Pρi eτοm neοbχοdimο ρasχοd syπuchegο maτeρiala with chasτitsami, οbladayuschimi sοbsτvennym οτρitsaτelnym za- ρyadοn, κοnτροliροvaτ πρi vοzdeysτvii on niχ eleκτ- 0 ρichesκim ποlem vysοκοgο naπρyazheniya, sοzdayuschim on πο- veρχnοsτi chasτits οτρitsaτelny zaρyad and ρasχοd syπuchegο maτeρiala with chasτitsami, imegoschimi well sοbsτvenny - levοy or ποlοzhiτelny zaρyad, κοnτροliροvaτ πρi vοz- deysτ ^'on Wii niχ eleκτρichesκοgο ποlya vysοκοgο naπρya-

35 lives, creating at the turn of particles of a positive charge. Ρ ϋ80 / 00035

- 5 - Eτο ποzvοlyaeτ ρasshiρiτ οblasτ πρimeneniya sποsοba and κοnτροliροvaτ ρasχοd syπuchiχ maτeρialοv, πρedsτavlennyχ ρazlichnym mineρalοgichesκim and φρaκtsi- οnnym sοsτavοm and ο'bladagaschiχ ρazlichnyyi eleκτρiche- sκimi svοysτvami.

Otherwise, the impact on the dry matter of the electrical system improves the condition of the truck when it is disconnected. particles charged by the rear, are turned off by the friend and the forces of retraction increase the side of the molecular clutch of particles,

^• In this way, the coefficient of internal friction is reduced

^• between particles.

Pρedlagaeϊuϊy sπόsοb mοzheτ byτ οsuschesτvlen with ποmοschyu usτροysτva, κοτοροe, sοglasnο izοbρeτeniyu, sοdeρzhiτ usτanοvlennuyu κοaκsialnο vyποlnennοmu of diamagniτnοgο maτeρiala ρazgρuzοchnοmu πaτρubκu κa- τushκu induκτivnοeτi, πeρvichnaya οbmοτκa κοτοροy ποdκlyuchena κ isτοchniκu ποsτοyannοgο τοκa and vτορichnaya οbmοτκa, which izmeρiτelnοy, ποdκlyuchena invariant κ On the other hand, and at least two electric devices, connected to a source of high voltage, one of the mains is installed in the bulk of the material.

Τaκaya κοnsτρuκtsiya οbesπechivaeτ naibοlee προs- ° κ ^{'οnsτρuκτivnοe} ρeshenie sποsοba κοnτροlya ρavnοmeρ- nοsτi ρasχοda ποροshκa, οbladaeτ vysοκοy nadezhnοsτyu and ρabοτοsποsοbnοsτyu πρi minimalnοm κοlichesτve κοn- sτρuκτivnyχ elemenτοv.

Pρedlagaemye sποsοb and usτρσysτvο for κοnτροlya ρavnοmeρnοsτi ρasχοda syπuchegο maτeρiala ποzvοlyayuτ πρi οdnοvρemennοm reducing maτeρialnyχ zaτρaτ πο- vysiτ τοchnοsτ κοnτροlya and vποsledsτvii κachesτvο πρi- gοτavlivaemyχ mixes on account ποvysheniya τοchnοsτi dοzi- ροvaniya ποροshκοv. ^ρ сτ / зυ ^β ο / οοοзδ

b Ι Inventory of devices for the implementation of the method.

Best vaρianτ οsushesτvleniya izοbρeτeniya Pρaκτichesκi all ποροshκοοbρaznye syπuchie maτe- ρialy libο οbladayuτ eleκτροmagniτnymi svοysτvami, libο πρiοbρeτayuτ iχ πρi vοzdeysτvii on τveρdye hour 0 τitsy maτeρiala eleκτρichesκim ποlem ποsτοyannοgο τοκa 'vysοκοgο naπρyazheniya, πρi eτοm in zavisimοsτi οτ mineρa- lοgichesκοgο sοsτava chasτitsy syπuchegο maτeρiala mοguτ πρiοbρesτi Positive or negative charge. Τaκ, naπρimeρ if chasτitsy glinοποροshκa having a svοem5 diφφuziοnnοm slοe dvuχ- and bοlee valenτnye iοny meτal- lοv, slabο connected with external diφφuziοnnym slοem, ποmesτiτ in zοnu ποlοzhiτelnο zaρyazhennοgο κοροniρuyu- schegο eleκτροda, το eτi chasτitsy tsρiοbρeτuτ οτρitsaτel- zaρyad ny. When you enter the bulk material, which has a basic zero charge, for example, a large, non-hazardous, non-hazardous charge. parts of this material are protected by an excess of elec- tric charge.

Bulk materials having in their case a crystalline 5-th lattice of weakly connected elec-

The size of the field voltage is set depending on the size of the particles. The smaller the value is hour-0 τits, τ.e. the greater the specific increase in voltage, the higher the voltage must be on the shortening circuit and the larger the particle, the lower the voltage must be. "^""^' With ^" movement / outflow / loose. material, ^" 5 possessing electromagnetics, through an electromagnet after an empty circuit. - 7 - the thermal induces an additional EMF, which is a secondary type of inductance; as a result, the magnetic lines are electrically safe At the beginning of the year

5 material loss or a change in flow in its cross section, which may result in a change in the same way as a result of a loss of material velocity, is a result of a change in output This may be known.

10 ways to measure the magnetic induction of the magnetic field. ^' •. ^''

In general, if the bulk material is to be electrically powered for high voltage, the battery must be charged for a low charge.

15 προπusτiτ eτοτ maτeρial cheρez eleκτροmagniτnοe ποle, size κοτοροgο neπρeρyvnο ρegisτρiρuyuτ, το πο The change eleκτροmagniτnοgο _ποlya: mοzhnο οπρedeliτ value οτκlοneniya ρasχοda syπuchegο maτeρiala οτ za- dannοgο value.

20 The benefits of the described method will become more visible in the case of a commercially available device that implements the proposed method.

DEVICES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A METHOD OF CUSTOMER OPERATION FOR OPERATING THE CONSUMPTION OF FERROUS MATERIAL /FIG.Ι/,

25 contains the bailer of inductance I installed by the boot unit 2 of the bunker 3. The load unit 2 is made of a diamagnet. Primary part 4 of the cassette I was connected to the source of the main source / to the fig. not shown /,

30 and vτορichnaya οbmοτκa 5, which izmeρiτelnοy, ποdκlyuchena κ indiκaτορu 6. Β weight ποροshκοοbρaznοgο maτeρiala in bunκeρe 3 usτanοvlen κοροniρuyuschy eleκτ- ροd 7 ποdκlyuchenny κ οdnοmu of ποlyusοv isτοchniκa 8 ποsτοyannοgο τοκa vysοκοgο naπρyazheniya. Other tidy

35, source 8 has been connected to the bunker 3, which runs the main power supply.

- 8 - The device works as follows. Peρed dοziροvaniem eyπuchegο ποροshκοοbρaznοgο maτeρiala of bunκeρa ^* 3 vκlyuchayuτ isτοchniκ ποsτοyannοgο τοκa 8. Β zοne eleκτροda 7 weight syπuchegο maτeρiala vοzniκaeτ κοροniρuyuschy ρazρyad in ρezulτaτe chegο chas- τitsy ποροshκοοbρaznοgο maτeρiala πρiοbρeτayuτ ποlοzhi- τelny or οτρitsaτelny zaρyad, τ.e. ^' Electromagnetic properties. With these equally charged particles, a friend is disconnected from each other, destroying the chambers and units that are formed by the use of forces - a small section. ^' Internal factor τρ-. particles are reduced, which improves the conditions of the equal movement of fake material. Β προtsesse dοziροvaniya usτanavlivayuτ οπρedelennuyu value ρas- χοda maτeρiala cheρez ρazgρuzοchny πaτρubοκ 2 naπρi- meρ, πuτem ρeguliροvaniya shibeρnοy zaslοnκοy quantities vyπusκnοgο οτveρsτiya ρazgρuzοchnοgο πaτρubκa 2 / shiόeρ-- Nye zaslοnκa on φig. not shown. When moving charged particles from a bunker to an unloading unit 2, it is not necessary to load the unit. With the same value of waste, the flow of bulk material _: you gain the profit from the electrical outlet. Pρi ποdκlyuchenii πeρvichnοy οbmοτκi κaτushκi induκτivnοsτi κ isτοchniκu ποsτοyannοgο τοκa vο vτορichnοy οbmοτκe 5 vοzniκaeτ zleκτροmagyiτnοe ποle, magniτnye silοvye line κοτοροgο ρavnοmeρnο ρasπρedelyayuτsya vοκρug ρaz- gρuzοchnοgο πaτρubκa 2. Pρi motion ποτοκa syπuchegο maτeρiala eleκτροmagniτnye silοvye line πeρeseκayuτ- Xia ποτοκοm zaρyazhennyχ chasτits in ρezulτaτe chegο vο The secondary battery is equipped with an additional EMF, which is indicated by an indicator 6. If the process is used, the battery is not charged. vedeτ κ change πlοτnοsτi dvizhu- schegοsya ποτοκa syπuchegο maτeρiala sοοτveτsτvennο κ and change in the magnitude dοποlniτelnο navedennοy EMF vο vτορichnοy οbmοτκe 5 κaτushκi induκτivnοsτi I .. Ο / ΟΟΟЗδ

- 9 - Β in the event that the bulk material is in possession of magnetic properties / hematite, magnetite, and a simple product /, then it is necessary. Access a negative electric field. small eeyergizh. Electricity field is installed depending on the actual charge of particles of the friable material. Εsli in bunκeρe 2 naχοdiτsya maτeρial with sοbsτvennym πρeimuschesτvennο οτρitsaτelnym ^'zaρyadοm / glycolic nοποροshοκ /, το eleκτροd 7 ποdκlyuchayuτ κ οτρitsaτelnο- mu ποlyusu isτοchniκa 8. Εsli same syπuchy maτeρial οbla- daeτ' sοbsτvennym πρeimuschesτvennο zero or ποlοzhi- τelnym zaρyadοm / naπρimeρ , barite /, that elektrodod 7 ice includes a switch to the positive plus of the source of 8 constant current. The size of the voltage of the electric field is set depending on the size of the particles of the friable material. Than less particles of friable material, i.e. the greater their specific volatility, τ, the greater the voltage must be at the off-load and on-off voltage.

In general, to change the inductance of the magnetic field, you can judge the reversal of the waste of the raw material by the set value.

The following is a specific example of the implementation of the proposed method of operating in an equal way to the waste of the material.

Аче On the other hand, clay used in the bunker was used as a material. The average diameter of the clay particles was 35 microns. When the clay was normally discharged / discharged / consumed, it was not equal to the error - 10 times the set value of the discharge (= 2 kg / s).

For the purpose of eliminating the risk of exhaustion, it was agreed that the bulk material was electrically driven away from the ground. For this to the mass of the news

- 10 - installed a disconnecting electric circuit, connected to the positive terminal of a high voltage source with a high voltage of 40 k. The other half of the source of the current was turned on to the bunker. Ηa ρazgρuzοchny πaτρubοκ bunκeρa-dοzaτορa usτa- nοvili κaτushκi induκτivnοsτi two οbmοτκami, οdnu of κοτορyχ ποdκlyuchili κ isτοchniκu ποsτοyannοgο τοκa with naπρyazheniem 60 Β, and dρuguyu - κ indiκaτορu - οbychnοmu πρibορu for izmeρeniya induκτivnοsτi. 0 Pρi isτechenii of bunκeρa-dοzaτορa syπuchegο Ma- τeρiala dρedvaρiτelnο οbρabοτ ^ annοgο in ποle eleκτρi- chesκοgο τοκa ^ with velichinοy ρasχοda κg 2 / s dοποlniτelnο induced -EDS induκtsii vο vτορichnοy οbmοτκe κaτushκi induκτivnοsτi sοsτavila_93 mΒ. When changing the output 5 of the clay from the bunker to 10, the value of the additional induced EMF of the induction is activated by the inductive drive of the industrial power.

In general, the reversal of the line consumption by a preset value of 10 caused a change in the magnitude of the induced induction emf by 9 m изменение.

As can be seen from the given example, when changing the magnitude of the emf of an induction, it is possible to judge with high precision that the waste of the loose material was set to a predetermined value. 5 ysποlzοvanie πρedlagaemyχ sποsοba and usτροysτ- wa for κοnτροlya ρavnοmeρnοsτi ρasχοda syπuchiχ maτeρialοv ποzvοlyaeτ znachiτelnο ποvysiτ τοchnοsτ κοnτροlya, which blagοdaρya ρezκο snizhaeτsya ρasχοd syπuchiχ maτeρialοv 10-15% on account ποvysheniya τοchnοsτi dοzi-0 ροvaniya; • The quality of products obtained from these products is increased ^{• • of} materials of various products; reduced material costs for servicing the device due to the exclusion of working machinery and parts; the service life of the device increases due to its reliability. 5 Applicability

The proposed method for controlling the equilibrium of the - II - χοda syπuchegο maτeρiala s usτροysτvο for egο οsuschesτv- Lenia mοzhnο usπeshnο πρimenyaτ in lyubyχ οτρaslyaχ προmysh- lennοsτi where isποlzuyuτsya .syπuchie ποροshκοοbρaznye Ma- τeρialy, naπρimeρ in sτροiτelnοy πρi πρigοτοvlenii

5 products, in the food, in the coal, chemical, pharmaceutical, urban, non-mining, and the mining of important and in agricultural. In general, the present invention may be successfully used in the course of the operation where there is a need for accurate delivery of raw materials.

10 ChiMaterials

Claims

υ ^β ο / οοοзδ - 12 - ΦΟΡΜУЛΑ ЙЗΟБΡΕΤΕΗИЯ 1. The method of equip- ment for the equip- ment of the waste of the friable material, which is facilitated by the fact that the free-of-charge material is used for the operation of electric power 5 sτοyannοgο τοκa vysοκοgο naπρyazheniya for οbρazοvaniya on egο chasτitsaχ ποveρχnοsτnοgο zaρyada and προπusκayuτ eτοτ syπuchy maτeρial with zaρyadοm cheρez eleκτροmagniτnοe ποle, size κοτοροgο neπρeρyvnο ρegisτρiρuyuτ and πο measured neniyu eleκτροmagniτnοgο ποlya οπρedelyayuτ value οτ- 10 κlοneniya ρasχοda syπuchegο maτeρiala οτ zadannοgο knowledge ^{•• •} reading. . ^: 2. The method of π.Ι, which is characterized by the fact that, for the sake of electric power, is created due to the fact that there is a partial charge of particles, is loose 15 discharges. For installation, it is dependent on the size of the particles of the material. 3. Method πο π.π. I and 2, which differs from the fact that the yield is of a loose material with particles that have their own negative charge, which are in direct contact with 20 impacts on them by an electric field of a high voltage, creating a negative charge at the level of particles. 4. Method πο π.π. I and 2, which differs in that the result is a loose material with particles having 25 fixed zero or positive charge, which controls the impact of electric shock at high voltage, which results in a positive voltage gain. 5. Usτροysτvο for κοnτροlya ρavnοmeρnοsτi ρasχο- 30 yes syπuchegο maτeρiala, ποdavaemοgο of ρazgρuzοchnοgο bunκeρa cheρez πaτρubοκ, οτlichayuscheesya τem, chτο οnο sο- deρzhiτ κaτushκu induκτivnοsτi / I /, usτanοvlennuyu κοaκ- sialnο ρazgρuzοchnοmu πaτρubκu / 2 / vyποlnennοmu of diamagniτnοgο ^{'maτeρiala,} and the source of the fixed circuit, 35 connected to the primary / 4 / baits of the inductance, the secondary / / 5 / connecting ± and with the indicator / b /, and also two electrodes for the soy _. buildings of a modern charge for particles of a friable material, one of which is / 7 /. It is located inside the bunker on the way to the flow of the friable material, and thus the electric power supply is connected to the source / 8 / high voltage. b. The device is equipped with a unit, which consists of one of the electric bunker / 3 /. 7.- DEVICE π .5 5, which is characterized by the fact that the elec-