USRE17182E - Samuel mcewen - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 1, 1929.

Original Filed June 16 645 0FF7J7/FE PIPE nvmvron I v M kw N R U a 5 ll P II A A/ I use m a TT 0 C .\\N $$-$QRu I T D H I! All M 3 5 f x H6 9 lli HAS A TTOHNEY 4 process.

Reissues Jan. 1, 1929,

BAI'UEL ICEWEN,

OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

INTEBNATIONAL'COAL GAB-BONIZATION COMPANY, A CORPORATION 01 DELA- WABE.

mnon OF CABBONIZ ATION OR DESTIB-UCTIVE DISTI LLATION. I

Orirlnal no. 1,481,140, dated January 15,110, sex-111m. 389,399, filed June 16,. 1920; Application mreissue am 'llebruary 11, 1925. Serial 110. 8,568.

This case is a divisional reissue of another reissue a plication based upon 'Umted States Letters atent 1,481,140 granted tome on June 15, 1924, foran improved method for 5 ca'rbonization or destructive distillation, said another rei mue a. plication being reissued as the main reissue, cause there is included in said main reissue claims generic to all species shown and described.

According to the'inven'tion of this divisional reissue, pulverized coal in finely dividedform which is a finely sub-divided solid carbonizable fuel is fed 1nto the upper portion of a carbonizin zone through which the coal particles thus ed gravitate in the form of a'cloud, but are retarded in their downward passage due to upwardly rising hot I i maintained at the necessary temperature by heat supplied within the zone of car- I an bonization. These upwardly rising hot gases 1 move, as will be manifest, ma path, counter to the gravitating coal particles and in a nanner to delay thesettling of the coal particles by gravitation until they have been subjected to the desired degree 'of distillation or ,carbonization. Ultimately the gases used in or of the process are withdrawn from the upper portion of the carbonizing zone, more specificallyfrom the top or upper portion of a vertical carbonizing chamber or retort, and the residual carbonized products which are in the form of carbonized dust that collects at the bottom of the carbonizing zone are withdrawn as desired.

II For a more full understanding astothegeneral description of the process and the field of its application one is referred to said main reissue filed of even date herewith and above identified, but as illustrative of a specific 40 manner in which the recess may be realized reference is made to e accompanying draw ing forming part of this specification in which the sole, figure shows a vertical retort or carbonizing amber for performing the In said figure there is shown a vertical carbonizing chamber or retort 0' which is heated as by burning gas therein. In other words this chamber provides a defined carbonizing space within which the process is carried out.

forming the process as modified by the gases The chamber 0 is surrounded at its upper part by an annular pipe I; supplied with powdered coal from a hopper a. Gases chemically inert with respect to the coal as for example some of the gases used for perresulting from the process may be returned as from a condensation plant (not shown) and as b means of a blower (not shown) to the ann a r pipe I) to car the powdered coal through jets 4 into the c amber e Jets b form communication between the pipe I) and the interior of the chamber 0 and lead to the carbonizing zone within the carbonizing chamber. It will be obvious that by the means-just described pulverized coal is fed viz blown or carried in a relatively uniform manner into the upper portion of the carbonizing zone whereby the coal particles can gravitate through and counter to upwardly moving hot gases. Into the lower portion of the chamber there extends the gas burners f by which there is produced the heat for the rising hot gases that provide a hot elastic which the process is enabled to be In other words the burners just described provide a means for maintaining the necessary temperature by heat supplied within the zone of carbonization. According to broader aspects of the species of the invention hereby sought to be protected it will be manifest that the heat may be supplied in other ways, as by systems mvolving'the" introduction ofheat as shown in the main reissue application Serial No. 8,562 filed February 11 1925, for example in the forms illustrated and desci'ibed in connection with Figures 1 and 2 thereof. At the top of the retort or chamber a a gas ofl'take pipe 1) conducts the volatile products of the process as well as the products from burners i to a condensing plant, not shown, or otherwise as desired; or in other words the gases of the process and the hot gases introduced within the carbonizing chamber are conducted from the chamber 0 by pipe 1). The gaswithdrawn through pipe p is combustible, but it will be noted the gases that are actually employed for realizingnthe car- 'ven of! we bonization as well as the gases can be conducted to the burners during and/or resulting from the process are substantially chemically inert w1th respect to a the coal, to wit, with respect to the fuel or material undergoing carbonization.

It will be manifest that some of the gas thus withdrawn or escaping through the plpe p to create roducts of combustionor ot elastic uidthat rise from saidburners and that meet and contact directlywith the particles of coal descending but maintained in susnsion as above described. The carbonized dust-to wit, the solid carbonized residuals-collects at the bottom of the retort to be removed in any suitable manner as by periodically opening the discharge valve is,

will manifest that the solid carbon residuals which deposit or collect at the bottom of the retort or carbonizing chamber can be periodically removed in the same chemical condition to wit the same chemical composition existing at the time of the lodgment or deposit 5' in other words, after their deposit or precipitation from the carbonizing zone there is practically no further asification of or giving oil of gases from the eposited caia bonized dust, to wit, from the partially carbonized pulverized coal. From the specification, lncluding the drawings, it will be noted that the heat for carrying out the car- 'bonizin operation within the retort is introdu in or at the lower portion of the carbonizin zone but at a locationabove the place 0 deposit of the residual, roducts or carbonized dust, lodged at the ass of the carbonizing chamber or retort,with the consequent results that there is no further heat in from the spirit and passin through the deposited material and no furt er asification of thedeposited material. It w' also be noted that the deposited material is pro ressively and continuously covered by ad tional depositing material due to the continual and normal functioning of the process, viz, until the deposited material is purposely removed. The temperature.

of the stem, and that of the treating-gases, should e about 500 to 800 C. after the admission of the material to be carbonized. It will also be manifest that theinvention can be realized in various modes without departscope thereof. at-I claim is: i

1. A recess of carbonizin coal compris ing fee ng finel divided coa into the u per portion of a car nizing zone through w ich the coal articles gravitate downwardl cau a ot gaseous medium which is su stanti y inert with respect-to the coal to travel upwardl through said zone to delay the setthng of t e particles by gravitation until they-have been subject to carbonization while 1n sus ension in the upwardly moving gaseous me ium, maintaining the necessary temperature foraccom fishing the carbonization by heat suppli withm the zone of bonization while sus moving elastic fluid which effects a delay in carbonization, withdrawing the gasesofthe recess the upperportion of the carnizing zone, and withdrawing the residual pgoducts from the bottom in the form of carnized dust, the heat supplied within the zone of carbonization being supplied at the lower portion of'the zone of carbonization' inert with respect to the coal to travel upwardly in a manner to delay the settling of the coal while it is being subject to carbonization while in suspension in the hot ases, maintaining the necessary heat for t e carbonizing w1thin the carbonizing chamber, withdrawing gas of the rocess from the upper portion of the carbomzing chamber, and with-' drawing from the bottom carbonized dust having the same chemical com osition existing at the time of deposit at t e lower tion of the carbonizing zone.

3. A process of carbonizing coal comprising feeding pulverized coal into the upper portion of a carbonizing zone through which the pulverized coal thus'fed gravitates downwardly but is retarded in its downward paspor- sage due to upwardly rising hot gases which are substantially chemically inert with respect to the coal and which are maintained by combustion taking place within the lower zone of the retort, the coal being suspended in the rising hot gases during its gravitation through the carbonizing zone, withdrawing result ng gases from the upper portion of the carbonizing zone, and collecting precipitated cokd from the lower ortion, the combustion taking place within t e lower zone of the 're- 1 tort being above the'collected coke, and the" collected coke being kept free from substan tial addition of heat while within said retort.

4. The carbonizin of coal in a vertical carbonizing chamber y a process comprising feeding finely divided coal'into an upwardly movingl stream of hot elastic fluid resulting from t e burnin of air andgas in the lower region of the car onizing chamber and allowing the products of combustion to move upwardlythrough the carbonizing zone under conditions whereby the hot elastic fluidcauses the coal to be heated and to be subject to carded in the upwardly the settling of the coal, withdrawing ses of the process'from the upper portion 0 the carbonizing chamber, and

collecting car-' bonized residue from the bottom, the burning of gas and air in the lower. region of the carbonizing chamber being located above the carbonized residue lodged at the bottom, the lodged carbonized residue being kept free from substantial addition of heat while within the retort.

5. The carbonizing or coal in a vertical retort having an unobstructed carbonizing zone I and within which the coal'is carbonized while substantially chemically inert with respect to 1 the coal whereby the particles of coal are heatthe gases ed by and while in suspension in the hot gases and which gases are caused to travel todelay the settling of the coal particles by gravitation and which are maintained at the necessary temperature forcarbonization by heat furnished by gases supplied to the zone of carbonization, withdrawing from the upper portion of the retort the gases which include volatile products driven off from the coal particles during the direct heating ofthe coalparticles by the rising hot gases, and removing from the retort the resulting carbonized dust which hasprecipitated out of the rising hot gases, for supplying heat for the process being supplied interiorly of the retort to the lower portion of the zone of carbonization but at a place above the carbonized dust precipitated out of the rising hot gases, the carbonized dust being kept free from substantial addition of heat while within the lower portion of the retort. I

6. The carbonizing of coal ina retort having a carbonizing zone and within which the coal is carbonized while in suspension which carbonizing of the coal is carried out by the process comprising feeding powdered coal into an upper end portion of the carbonizing zone of the retort and within which carbonizing zone of the retort the temperature is about 500 to 800 degrees C. after the admission 'of the coalto be carbonized and within which the particles of coal aremaintained suspended by upwardly moving hot gases which are substantially chemically inert with respect to the coal whereby thepartic-les of coal are heated by and while in suspension in the upwardly moving hot gases, withdrawing from'the upper portion of the zone of carbonization gases which include volatile products driven oil from the coal particles during the direct heating of the coal particles by the upwardly moving hot gases, and removing in finely subdivided state the carbonized coal'thus produced after having passed downwardly through the carbonizm zone and after separation from the upwar ly moving hot gases, the upwardly moving hot gases being maintainedhot by heat supplied interiorly of the retort at a location above the place where the finely divided carbonized coal lodges after the 'precipitations from. the u wardly moving hot gases, the finely divi ed carbonizedcoal being kept free from substantial addition of heat while within the retort. 7. A process of carbonizing finely sub-divided solid carbonizable fuel in a carbonizing chamber having walls within which there is a carbonizin zone comprising suspending the finely subivided fuel in a gas substantially chemically inert with respect to the fuel at a temperature necessary for carbonization of the fuel, which process includes burning of gases within the carbonizing zone which burning is effected so that the pro nets of combustion travel upwardly in the said zone in such manner as to delay settling of the particles by gravitation, removing gases from the upper portion of the carbonizing chamber and collectingand withdrawing in finely sub-divided state the carbonized fuel thus I 7 produced, the carbonized fuel thus collected being of substantially the same chemical composition as that which it had when leaving the carbonizing zone; r

In witness whereof I hereunto sign my name; 7

SAMUEL MGEW'EN.

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