USRE12510E - Reissued july - Google Patents

Description

REISSUED JULY 24, 1906.

J. H. K. MCGOLLUM- ELECTRIC CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR CARS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNBIB, 1906.

6 SHEETSSHEET 1.

mm M immiilil hmmm Qw w wf L NQ- 12,510 I REISSUED JULY 24, 1906.

J. H. K. MoGOLLUM. ELECTRIC CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR CARS APPLICATION FILED JUNE 18, 1906.

B SHBETS-SHEBT 2.

12,510. REISUED JULY 24, 1906. J. H. K. MQGOLLUM.

ELECTRIC CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR CARS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 18. 1906.

6 SHEETSSHEET 3.

N. R Y1 &

QREISSUEDI JULY 24,1906.

, J. H.'K. MoGOLLUM.

ELEGTRIGGONTROLLING DEVICE FOR CARS.

APPLIQA'TION FILED JUNE 18. 1906. v

6 SHEETSSHEET 4.

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EFU'iiiifiU OOOOOOOO'OOO Ma y 7725/? REISSUED JULY 24, 1906. J. H. K. MoCOLLUM.

v ELECTRIC CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR CARS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNB18, 1906 B SHEETS-SHEET 5.

REISSUED- JULY 24, 1906.

J. H. K. MGGOLLU'M. v ELECTRIC GONTROLLING DBVIGE FUR ems.

APPLIGATI'ON- FILED JUNE 18, 1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

" n II I I I I I I I I l I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. fJAiiRs HARRY KEIGHLY MOOOLLUM, OF TORONTO, CANADA. ELECTRIC CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR CARS- Specification of Reissued Letters Patent. Relssued July 24, 1906,

Original No. 817,264,1lated April 10, 1906. Application forreissue filed June 18, 1906. Serial No. 322,347.

To all whom it may concern:

.Be it known that I, JAMES HARRY KEIGHLY MOCOLLUM, of the city of Toronto, in the county of York, in the Province of Ontario,

Canada, have invented an Improvement in Electric Controlling Devices for Cars, of which the following is the specification.

My invention relates to improvements in electric controiing devices for cars; and the object of the invention is todevise a means whereby the car may be started with a minimum absorption of electric energy by'thc ordinary, resistance, in which the speed of the .car may be increased, utilizing the motors at present in use and with a greater starting torque than at present, in which the car may be slowed or stopped, and in so slowing or stopping convert its momentum into electric energy and feed suchenergy into the main line, and thus effect an economy at the generating-station, whereby in the utilization of.

my means the skidding of the wheels will be absolutely avoided and whereby in the utilization of myinvention the car may be stopped on the level or on a grade and held;

To carry out these objects, I have constructed and arranged a special form of ap paratus consisting of a controller, automatic apparatus for reversing the relation of the field to the armature, an automatic currentregulator, an electromagnetic brake-shoe-ap plying device, an electric and mechanically controlled holdfast for the brake, all as hereinafter more particularly described, and set forth in the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a plan View showing a car in dotted outline, the wheels, axles, and motors and brake-controlling device and diagrammatically one arrangement of the various devices utilized in carrying out my invention. Fig.2 is a diagrammatic'view showing the various parts and the wiring connecting the same. Fig. 3 is a view showing my means of connecting portion of the controller to the fields of the motor. Fig. 4 is a perspective view, partially broken away, showing an automatic apparatus-for changing the relation of the armature to the fields of the motors Fig. 5 is a perspective detail of the automatic current-regulator. Fig. 6 is a perspective detail of the brake-holdfest device. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing theordinary series circuit and connections to and through my auxiliary controller, the portion of the ordinary wiririg of the car which Iuse in connection with my system beingshown in dotted lines. Fig. 8 is a plan view showing all the top contacts and connections to same in my automatic field reversing apparatus shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 9 is adiagrammatic view of the shunt-circuit, showing the connections to the central magnet of the actuate ing-magnets of the field reversing apparatus shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 10 is a view showing a chart of the circuits. 7

In the drawings like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each figure.

In Fig. 1 I show by dotted lines intermediately broken away the outline of the bottom of the car or car-body.

A represents the axles, B the wheels, and C the motors, which are swung on the axle in the usual way and suitably geared to the same.

D represents the brake-shoes; d, the brakebeams; d, the brake-levers; the connect ing-rods between the brake-levers, and d the rods connecting the brake-levers to the brakebeam.

E is the holdfast device, which comprises a wheel e, suitably supported and journaled at the bottom of the car and provided with a ratchet-wheel 2', attached thereto.

e is a gear-wheel loose on the shaft e, and

e is a pawl engaging with the ratchet-wheel e. 'E is a rack meshing with the gear-wheel e and connected at the opposite end to the brake-lever d.

E is a brakeband extending around the wheel e and connected at one end to the bracket E and at the opposite end to the lespring e being designed to always hold-the brake-band E engaged with the wheel e.

By the motormanutilizing the bell-crank E the brake-band may bealso released, so as to release the brake.

The brake-levers are operated electrically through the solenoids F and F". Either one or two solenoids may be employed; but if two are employed one maybe in the shunt and the other in the local circuit.

Gis the ordinary controller, and H is my auxiliary controller, which I show in a sepa-' rate casing; but of course it will be understood that both controllers may be inclosed by one'casing.

2 is a cable leading from the controller G to the soleno d F, and 3 is a cable leading from the solenoid to the regulator.

2 is a cable leading from the controller G to the controller H, and 2 is a wire leadin from the controller H to the controller G at each end of the car.

4 represents a series of wires or cables leading from the regulator to the resistance.

4 is a wire leading from the regulator through the field reversing apparatus to the motor, and 4 is a cable leading from the controller H at the opposite end of the car through the field reversing apparatus to the motor. The arrangement of the cable shown in Fig. 1 generally is not a definite or positive arrangement, but may be varied as the construction may admit of, and I only show the dia ammatic arrangement for the purpose ofi lustration, the preferable arrangement beshown in detail in Fig. 2 diagrammatica y.

In Fig. 5 I show my preferred form of automatic regulator, which consists of a lever I,

pivoted on a standard 6 and having one end connected to a solenoid I which is also in the lpca'lcircuit, as hereinafter referred to.

The bpposite end of the lever within a socket I connected by a sprin i to the base of the standard, such s Iing being designed to hold the extremity 0 this end of the lever down against the lowermost contact of the series of contacts 6 which are arranged on the quadrantal-shaped bracket i made of insulating material and secured to the 'base If, which would be preferably made of wood or other suitable material 4 represents a series of I has pivoted 7 wires leading from the contacts ".1 to the ordiratus inconnection with oted between the jaws of the Go naryresistance, which is utilized on every motorcar, and an auxiliary resistance, which I may have to use, as will hereinafter appear.

In Fig.4 I show a perspective view, with portion of the side broken away, of my field reversing apparatus, which may of course with equal facility be applied to reversing the direction of the curr nt through the armature; but I preferably utflize'such reversing appathe field. J is a bracket secured at the bottom of the box of the reversing apparatus, and J is a lever piv bracket J and havmg'secured to it at the bottom the reversely-set electromagnets J which are direcfly opposite the electromagnets J and J, secured to the sides of the box, as indicated. Thecoils of the] electromagnets J are in the shugt icircuit of the motor, as hereinafter rea swivel-block I which is ferred to. The coils of the stationary magnets J and J are located in the ordinary circuit of the car. The upper end of the lever J is forked and has insertedin the fork an in sulating block which fits at the top in a fork K, located, preferably, in the center of the longitudinal late K. The plate K has attached to or orming part of it the side standards 76 and 7c, having the bearing-lugs 7c and 14 respectively, in which are pivoted the arms and K connected together at the bottom by the spiral springs 76. The tops of the standards is and 7c are provided with stops 7c and k, which limit the outward throw of the arms. The upper ends of the arms K and K are made in ring form and carry contact-rods 7c and k respectively, which are insulated from the upper end of the arms by the sleeves 7c and 7c. The lever J is connected by a spiral spring L to the side of the box, as indicated, such spring being designed to hold the contact-rods k normally against the plates M, the other contact-rods K bein held away from the contact-plates M. Al

plates M and M are secured to the sides of the box, which is of insulating material, and wires 5 5 5 5 on one side and the wires 6 6 6 6 on the other side lead from such plates M M, as hereinafter shown and described in reference to Fig. 2. Each pair of contact-rods k and]: are connected together, starting at one end'by wires 7 7 '7 7 from which extendwires 8 8 8 8 which lead as hereinafter de.

scribed in reference to Fig. 2. K and K are stems which are attached to or form part of the .bar K. Upon offsets on the stems K and K are pivoted the arms K and K which have ring-shaped ends through which extend the insulating-sleeves 7c and 1c, in which are held the contact-rods 7c and 7c, respectively. M and M are contact-plates secured to the side of the case or box. These plates are connected by wires to the ordinary resistance, as

hereinafter described. The contact-rods 7c and 7c are connected together by a wire k, as indicated. N N are springs extending between the upper ends of the arms K and K and lugs formingpart of the plate K. The object of the springs is'to insure of an even pressure and thecontact of both contact-rods It and 7c. The springs 7c, hereinbefore describedin reference to the arms K and K are for a similar purpose. All the contact-rods 7C are normally held away from the contactlates M by means of the spring L, and this 1s so that I am enabled to start the car as under ordinary conditions, as will hereinafter appear.

I shall now refer to Fig. 2, which shows a diagrammatic view of the several controllers, the motors, the automatic regulator, and the field reversing a Jparatus, the resistances, and the wirin of the same. 0 represents the contact-p ates of the main roll of the ordia predetermined arrangement,

-- .andiR of the controller.

Branch wires R, R", R R and R lead to the lowermost contacts i of the automatic. regulator.

the proper amperage should the motorman throw the brake-controller far enough around to form the local circuit when the car is going, at a high speed, and this resistance is connected by wires R" to the uppermost wire t of the automatic regulator. The wires 8 extend from the short-circuiting block S to the solenoid F, such short-circuiting taking place onlywhen the lever I is down and such shortc1rcu1ting being designed so as to shortcircuit the solenoid F, and thereby have as little resistance in the localcircuit as cssible,

so that the car may be stopped readi y by the machines acting as generators when their voltage is at a minimum on account of their slow speed. The automatic 'regulator is preferably placed in the local circuit between theiground G and the fingers R, R R R, The solenoid Iof the automatic regulator is operated by being in the local circuit. The ul l of the solenoid throws the opposite end of the lever over the ;the plates P,

, several contacti 'i in rotation, starting from its normal posi ion at the bottom, thereby throwing in several resistances, the spring 'i" serving to regulate the extent of the movement of the lever,- and consequently the amount of current which passes through the local circuit. The spring iofcourse is so set as to regulate the current in the local cireffect cuit so that the maximum brakin may be arrived at without skidding. While still speaking of the local circuit, I may mention that I provide an auxiliary controller P, which is provided with contact-fingers p as set forth diagrammatically in Fig. 2, and until the plates 1) j -tOHOh the fingers p the local circuit is incomplete and inoperative. Of course the roll in the auxiliary controller is of a similar type to the ordinary controller, althdugh the contacts and fingers are arrangetl difierently for other purposes. My auxiliary controller is used in running the car ,as well as in sto ping the car, and consists of 1 P, P, and P and row of ip1ates P, which, with the fingersop osite but with no resistance.

: them, are-used to form myindependent s untcircuit and throw in and out the resistance. On the plate P contacting with its finger and the first one of the row of plates P? contacting with its fing'pr, my independent shuntcircuit through t e motors is thrown in, The plate P? also contacts simultaneously with its finger, and the resistance will not come into the shuntcircuit until the first plate P brakeswith its An extra'resistance R is provided in order to keep the current down tofinger. The following plates P, P, and P then gradually out out the shunt resistance as they contact with their fingers in succession. When the finger leaves the second plate P", the shunt-circuit is broken, and when it reaches the third plate P distant from its finger the shunt-circuit is thrown in connection, as will hereinafter appear. In order to understand the operation of my \auxiliary controller, I shall describe the operation of the same notch by notch as the plates pass under the fingers, and in this connection I shall also describe the wiring of my controller. The notches of my auxiliary controller P, I number in the ordinary way used inpractic e flil7li7 ((2,!) (K 3,7! ((4, J) If ,1) ((6,!) 11 7){? (18,. in 977 H 1 H 1 H 12, d It 1 P P 1 P -are one set of plates on the roll of the controller, and p, 11 1 and p are sets of plates separated from the aforesaid plates, but located directly opposite to them. The plate P is connected by a wire to the plate P", and the plate P to the plate P, theplate P" to the plate P, and the plate P to the plate P. The plates P to P are utilized with the fingers 7 8 9 10 on one side and 11, '12, 13, and 14 on the opposite sideand their wire connections, hereinafter described, to reverse the armature terminals, as will hereinafter appear. P is a plate on the roll designed to complete the circuit between the trolley and the ground when the ordinary controller is off-thatis to say, when the circuit is inc nplete in the controller between the fin; Q and Q. The coacting fingers p and f are connected by wires directly to the fingers Q and Q of the. ordinary controller in order'to effect this purpose. P is a plate on the roll connected to the main wire ,.and p is a finger connected to the wire p, eading to the solenoid F. The other finger p leads to the ground. P is a contact-plate connected'to the wire 1) of the roll, and p is a finger which is connected by a wire 19 to the solenoid, but from which the wire 13. extends to the ground. P is a contact-plate connected to the main wire p of the roll, and p is a finger designed tocoact with the plate P and connected by a wire p into the regular circuit, which now passes not only through its regular course, commonly known, but also through the armature-plates P to P, plate P of my auxiliary controller, and through the field reversing a paratus. P P P and P are contactpl ates on the roll of my auxiliary controller,

which coacts with the several fingers p wire is first taking place by the conversion of thence to theiop contact-plate P of the eonthe momentum of the car into electric energy-that is, when the motors are starting to magnetize the fields during the period that no current is passing through the series fields or during the period that the reversingof the current through the fields is taking place. It ma be possible in practice that I may not fin it necessary to use a shunt-circuit, as the fields may hold their ma netism long enough to effect the reversal of the current without having such a means as I describe provided. Of course the manner of arranging the shunt and series coils in the field may be varied without departing from the spirit of myinvention. The preferable way to arrange the series and shunt coils would be to have each pole of the field have a winding, partiall series and partially shunt. On the roll 0 my auxiliary controller I provide contact-plates P and P, which coact with'the fingers p and in the shunt-circuit in order to hold the s unt-circuit open during the period'that the armature-terminals are being reversed that is to say, during the period when the contact-plates P to P of my roll are braking with their coacting fingers 11, 12, 13, and 14 and plates P to Pi are connecting with the aforesaid fingers.

Having now clearl set forth the use of the several plates and ngers of my auxiliary controller, I shall proceed to describe the operation of the controller notch by notch, as hereinbefore referred to, bringing in the several circuits which I utilize. When the roll is moved to notch 1, starting at the trolley T, the current passes alon the wire t into the magnet J (see Figs. 2 an 4,) along the wire t to the magnet J then along the wire 15 tothe top finger' of my auxiliary controller,

troller, and by a wire to the contact-plate P, where the-current divides, part going through thesecond finger of the controller, then along the wire-t an through the shun-t resistance T, the remaining portion of the'current passing by wire through the several contactplates P}, P", and P and the central contactplate P and b wire to the contact-plate P, nearest the er, thence by the contactwire I?" to the exit roin the resistances, where the combined current passes along by a wire t to and through the ouble ma net J (see Fig. 4,) and then through the wire t to the contact-finger 1)", thence by the cont act-plate P on another 'part of the roll to the finger p thence to a point where the circuit divides, one wire t passing to and. through the shunt-fields of the motor R. and the other wire t passing to and through the shuntfield ofthe motor R From the field of the motor R the circuit extends through the wires t and t" to the ground G. The circuit extends from the fields of the motor Rf through the wire 15 to the wire t thence to the ground. It will thus be seen that the motors are shown and described as in parallel, although they maybe arranged in series as regards the shunt-field. It will thus be seen that by 'the arrangement I have shown a strong field is produced in starting the car before the current is turned on through the series fields and armatures to start the current. By such an arrangement as I have described above the strong field produced and continuing aids materially in enabling the ordinary resistance to be thrown-rapidly, thus obviating undue ab-' sorption of energy in the ordinary resistances. I have now shown the circuit and the obect of such circuit when my auxiliary controller is moved to the first notch. When the sec ond notch is reached, the plate P to the left breaks with its contacting finger and the current ceases to pass through the wire t and ,thus all the current going through theshuntcircuit will pass through the wire t and through the shunt resistance T and through the rest of the shunt-circuit, as hereinbefore described. When the third notch is reached,

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the contact-plate P comes in contact with the fingers p and p and the contact-plate P comes in contact with the finger p. The armature-plates P P", P, and P are of course at the same time in contact with their several fingers '7, S, 9, and 10. Of course I may state that the plates P P P, and P are always in contact with their respective fingers above recited, even though. the controller is on the oil position, as will be seen by the point to which the plates extend. The plates P P P, and P are in contact withthe fingers 11, 12, 13, and 14, also when the controller is in the oil position and until the eighth notch is reachedthat is. the. notch opposite the end of the contact-plates P P P P. -The plate P, contacting with the fingers P and P, servesto com plete the series circuit throu h the wires t and t on account of its being broken between the fingers Q and Q, when the ordinary controller is oil. The contact-plate P coming in contact with the fin er p", as hereinbefore described, at the tlnrd notch the current, besides goingthrough the shunt.- circuit, already particularly set forth herei before, passes'through the wire P and om through the wire 1) along to the bindingpost R", thence by wire t to the resistance R, and through same and along the wire t to the binding-post R, thence by wire t and through the base controller-switch U and by wire t" to the bottom finger 8 of the reverse roll of the controller, which is set in the forward position across the contact-plates to the finger 7, thence by the wires t and t" to the finger 11, plate P finger 8 of the auxiliary controller, and by wire t to the armature of the motor R and by wire 13 to and through the finger 8 of the auxiliary controller, plate P and finger 12 of the auxiliary controller, through the wire t, then by wire i to the finger 6 across the contact-plate to the fin er 5 of the reverse roll and out by wire it an wire t to the plate Mat the right-hand side of the field reversing apparatus, across the contact-rod 7:, through the wires 7, to

and wire it,

and through the series field of the motor R, and in by wire t" to the second contact-finger 7c, from the left and out throu h the wire t to the controller base-switch %l', thence by the wire it", along the wire t, to and thro h.the fingers pand p connected by the p ate P of my auxiliary controller, and by wire t to the ordinary controller baseswitch U, and b wire t to the finger 4 of the reverse roll, t ence by the contact-plates to the finger 3, out by the wire t andby wire t to and through thefin er 13, contactplate P, finger -9 of the auxi lary controller, and by wire t to the armature of the motor R, andout' by the wiret to the finger.

10, late P", finger 14, and wire t", wire t" to ger 2 of the reverse roll by fingers 1 to the ordinary controller base-switch U thence by wire t to the third plate M, from the left of the field reversing epgeratus through the contacting contact-r0 the wire t to the series field, to and throug the series fields of the motor R, then by wire t" to the contact-rod k at the extreme right d of the field IGVQISIR? apparatus, through corresponding plate I ground G. While the controller is at the third-notch the plates P", P", P", and P" 1 are contactin art.

with their, corresponding fingers p, and t e greaterportion of the series fields are thereby short-circuited, as will be readil un stood by those familiar with the en notch 4 of my auxiliary centroller'is reached, the contact-plate P being in contact with its corresponding finger, the

first section oi the shunt-resistance is shortcircuited by reason of'the current assing through the wire t. When note 5 is reached, the fplatel" contacting with its correspondin nger, short-circuits sections 1 and'2 of t eshunt-resistances, as the current than passes-down through the wire t. When notch-fi'is reached, the contact-plate P and its correspondingfinger short-circuit section 3 ofthe shunt-resistance T, as the current then passes down through the wire t".

third from the left, then by and by wire it to the At'the same time the plates P" P P P, beirllg shorter at one portion than the other, pass oil certain of the fingers p, and the conquence is that a portion of the series fields are thrown into series circuit for the purpose of further strengthening the magnetism of the motors. When notch 7 is reached, the intermediate plate P", cont-acting with its finger, short-circuits the whole of the shunt--resist-ance by means of the current passin through the wire 15*. The plates P" P P P, passing away from. the fingers at the same time throw the whole series elds into the series circuit to give maximum strength to the magnetism of the motors. The shunt resistance T is also thrown out for the same purpose. When notch ,8 is reached, the circuits are in the same condition as in notch 7, with the exception that the plate P" has just passed away from the fingers and so that the shunt-circuit will be broken efore the plates P P P P" leave their coacting fingers 11, 12, 13, and 14. During the perio 'that my auxiliary controller is operating between the notches 3 and 8 the counter elecmotive force being stronger than the voltage of the line the current is now fed from the motors, actin as generators, back into the line, thereby airough theaction of the magnets J, and J (see Fig. 4) throwing the contact-rods K into contact with the plates M and the contact-rodslc out of contact with the plates M,- thus, keeping the counter electromotive forces in the same direction, so that the current is being fed into the line constantly during the period that the controlleris working between the aforesaid notches-- At the sametime the contact-rods k" strike the contact-plates M, thereby short-circuiting the main resistance R through the wires t and t. (See Fig. 4.) In passing on to the notch 9 the contact between the intermeiate plate P" and its correspondingirfinger is broken, and also the contact bet een the plate P and its corresponding finger is broken, thus keeping the shunt-circuit broken and breaking the series circuit. The plates P", P", P", and P now pass on to the fingers ll, 12, 13, andtl4 subsequently to the plates P P P P having passed away from them, thus reversin the armature-terminals, and therebycause tfi the local-circuit when formed in the pro er direction to build up the residual magnetism in the fields of the motor and prevent their demagnetization. When notch 10 is reached, thefinal plate P" comes in contact with its respective finger and the plate P comes in contact with ngers p" and p", thereby cornpleti the shunt-circuit again, as hereiribefore diascribed, and the plate P" contacts with its corresponding er and the solenoid e operates to release t e band E, which has no resent effect. When the notch 10 is reache the shunt-circuit is still complete;

e current to pass through but in addition a local circuit is formed through the contact-plate p contacting with the fingers P and P and such circuit passing by wire I to the ground and by the wire t" to and through the spring-fingers s s, attached o the base of the automatic regulator and plate 8 insulated from the arm I of the automatic regulator, thence by wire i to and through the solenoid of the automatic regulator, thence to the standard '6 and arm I, then into the lowermost contact 1 thence by the wire ,R to the ordinary controller and circuit, thus forming the local circuit. One branchof the wires t and t" go to the brake-solenoid. It will now be seen that the automatic regulator would be thrown into operation, as hereinbefore described, as the motors now acting as generators will force a current through the local circuit, hereinbefore described. As the plates 8 on the arm pass away from the fingers s s the short circuits and the field-current of the local circuit pass into the brake-solenoid, thereby actuating the brake-lever d and pulling up the shoes. While on thenotch 11 the plate P contacting with its corresponding finger, causes the current to pass to the shuntsolenoid F and through same to the ground. On notch 12 the conditions are just the same as to notch 11, instead of course that the circuit through the plate P and its corresponding finger leading to the lioldfast mechanism is broken. On notch 13 it will be seen that allthe circuits are broken except the local circuit. The first notch of course is used whenstarting and running the car, as before described, and the succeeding notches are used for converting the momentum into electromagnetic energy and feeding back into line and forming the local circuit, which stop the car even when the pole is off the trolley- Wire or the car off the track and for o erating the holdfast putting on the brake. hen in' my auxiliary controller the roll is returned, the plate P", coacting with its corres onding fin er, will again release. the band E of the ho dfast, and thereby release the brake-shoes at the proper time.

Althou h I describe the shunt-solenoid and hol ast-solenoid as in separate circuits, it will of course be understood that without departing from the spirit of my invention I ma put then. i .1 the main shunt-circuit.

gain, although I describe a certain arrangement of contact-plates and fingers in reference to the roll oi my auxiliary controller it will also be understood that I may without departing from the spirit of my invention change the position, length, or width of the lates and fingers, as may be found most useihl for the proper operatlon of my a paratus. It will be understoodthat in or er to insure an effective operation of my apparatus it is essential that the upper sets of contacts used in connection with the two sets of contact-plates in the a paratus for reversing the relat1on of the fiel s to the armature one set must make contact with its corresponding set of plates before the other set. of contacts breaks with the correspondin set; otherwise the series circuit would be roken. What I claim as my invention is 1. In an electric controlling device for cars,

in combination a compound-wound motor, a suitable controller, a variable resistance therefor, automatic means used in connection therewith for reversing the relation of the armature to the fields, means for short-circuiting the motors and a regulator located in the lo' cal or short circuit and designed to throw the resistance in or out of the local or short circuit, as and for the purpcse'specified.

2. In an electric controlling device for cars, in combination a compound-wound motor, a suitable controller, a variable resistance therefor, automatic means used in connection therewith for reversing the, relation of the armature to the fields, means for short-circuiting the motor and an automatic regulator located in the local or short circuit and designed .to throw the resistance in or out of the local or short circuit as and for the purpose specified.

3. In an electric controlling device for cars, in combination a com ound-wound motor, a variable resistance tlierefor located in the shunt-circuit, a suitable controller, means for short-circuiting the fields of the motor, a regulator located in the local circuit, means forreversing the relation of the armature to the fields, means for forming a local or short circuit through the motors and a regulating a paratus for reversin the relation of the elds to the armature an the controller as and for the purpose specified.

in combination a compound-wound n'rotorja variable resistance therefor located in the shunt-circuit, a suitable controller, means for short circuiting the series fields of the motor, .a regulator located in the local circuit, means for reversing the relation of the armature to the fields, means for forming a local or short circuit through the motors, a regulating zig- I paratus for reversing the relation of the s to the armature and the controller and an auxiliar controller provided with a set of fingers an contact-plates to throw inthe shuntcircuit, a set of fingers and contact-plates to variably short-circuit the series fields and a set of fingers and contactlates to complete the series circuit from t e trolley to the ground, as and for the p ose specified 5. In an apparatus of t c class described,

an auxiliar controller provided with-a set of fingers an contact-plates to throw in the shunt-circuit, a set of fingers and contactplates to variably short-circuit the series 1' 05. 4. In an electric controlling device for cars,

fields and a set of fingers and contact-plates to complete the series circuit from the trolley to the ground, as for the urpose specified.

6. In an electric contro ling device for cars, in combination a com ound-wound motor, a variable resistance t erefor located in the shunt-circuit, a suitable controller, means for short-circuiting the fields of the motor, a reg ulator located in the local circuit, means for reversing the relation of the armature to the fields, means for forming a local or short circuit throughthe motors, a regulating apparatus for reversing the relation of the elds to the armature and the controller, and an auxiliary controller provided with a set of fingers and contactrplates to throw in the. shunt-circuit, a set of fingers and contact-plates .to variably short-circuit the series fields, a set of fingers and contact-plates to complete the series circuit from the trolley to the ground and a set of fingers and contact-plates to forma local or short circuit after the connection from the trolley has been broken as and for the purpose specified.

7. In an apparatus of the class described the combination with the brake-lever and rack connected to the same and pinion, ratchet-wheel and paw] and brake-wheel and band-releasing magnet as described, of an electric motor connected to the same and the auxiliary controller provided with a coacting finger and contact-plate for throwing the curpurpose specified.

rent in and out of the motor as and forthe 8. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with the brake-lever and holdfast device and motor for controlling such holdfast device, of the auxiliary controller provided with a finger and contactplate for throwing the current in and out of the motor, as and for the purpose specified.

9. In an apparatus of the class described,- an auxiliary controller provided with the coacting fingers and contact-plates located in the shunt-circuit and designed to open the same prior to the reversal of the armatureterminals and to close the shunt-circuit after 1 the reversal of the armature-terminals as. and

for theIpurpose specified.

10. n an apparatus of the class described, an automatic regulator located in the local circuit Comprising a series-of contacts connected to the series circuit through a suitable resistance, a lever designed to have one end .coact with the contacts, and solenoid located in thecircuit and operatin the opposite end and means for normally oldin the lever raised at the solenoid and as and Ior the purpose specified.

.11.. In an electric controlling system for cars, in combination, a suitablecontroller, a

br'ake-shoe-applying motor, a variable resistance therefor,.saidmotor suitably attached to brake-shoe lever, means-for supplying said motor with'current from trolley-wire, means for reversing the relation of the armature to the fields of the main car-driving motors, means for forming a local circuit in car in-' cluding controllers, motor or motors and an automatic resistance-regulator for said local circuit, a holdfast device locking the brakeshoes, as setby brake-shoe-applying motor, means for releasing the holdfast device, and brake-shoes, as and for the purpose specified.

12. In an electric controlling system for cars, in combination, a suitable controller, a double-wound brake-'slioe-applying motor, a variable resistance therefor, said motor suitably attached 'to brake-shoe lever, means for supplying said motor with current from trol-' icy-wire, means for reversing the relation of "the armature to the fields of the main car-driv ing motors, means for forming a local circuit in car including controllers, motor or motors and an automatic rcsistancc-regulator for said local circuit, a holdfast device locking the brake-shoes, as sct by.brake-shoc-applying 14. In an apparatus of'thc class dcscribed,.

an automatic regulator located in the local cir-' cuit comprising a series of contact. connected to the series circuit through a suitable resist ancc, a lever designed to have one end coact with the contacts and solenoid located in thc circuit and owcrating the opposite end, nicans for oid end, a contact-platelocated on the lever and insulated from the same and coacting. fingers located in the circuit of the-brake-operating solenoid as and fort'he purpose speci- 15. ln the apparatus described, a device for reversing the relation of the field to the armature. comprising an arm suitably ivoted and provided with magnet-s locate in the shunt circuit, stationary coacting magnets located in the series Cll'Cllll'r and .de

signed to eoact with the aforesaid magnets on the arm, a set of. pairs of movable contacts sup oriedon the upper end ofthe arm and insu ated therefrom, coact-in sets'of contact-plates located in the series circuit and means for normally holding the arm, so that the contacts at oneside are normally in contact with one setof stationary plates and the I contacts onthe opposite side out of contact.

with the opposite set oflstation'ary plates as and for the pur'pose'specified.-

16. In the apparatus described, a device for reversing the relation of the fieldzto the armature"comprising an arm suitably pivotedand provided with magnets located in the shunt-circuit, stationary coacting mag nets located in the series circuit and designed to coact with the aforesaid magnets on the arm, a set of pairs ofinovable contacts supported on the upper end of the arm and insulated therefrom, cdacting sets of contactplates located in the series circuit and a spring connected to the arm and to a suitable portion of the frame as and for the purpose specified.

17. In the apparatus described, a device for reversing the relation of the field to the armature cornprisingan arm suitably pivoted and provided with magnets located in the shunt-circuit, stationary coacting magnets located in the series circuit and designed to coact with the aforesaid magnets on the arm, a set of pairs of movable contacts supported on the upper end of the arm and insulated therefrom, ('oacting sets of contact-plates located in the series circllit, means for normally holding the arm, so that the contacts at one side are normally in contact with one set of stationary plates and the contacts on theopposite side out of contact with the opposite set of stationary plates, and a pair of movable contacts connected to and suitably insulated from the arm and their corresponding contact-plates located in the resistance sho rtcircuit when contacting as and for the pur pose specified. 1

18. The combination With the motors,

main controller and auxiliary controller, and

apparatus. for reversing the relation of the field to the armature, of means for forming the local circuit and an. automatic regulator located in such circuit and means for breaking

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