USRE10174E - Assigxok - Google Patents

Description

1-22. LIQUID HEATERS & VAPQRlZERS Water tube. 00H, Vertical,

Centra! magazine.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. M. MONSANTO,

Assignor, by mesne assignments, to himslf and B. 01110 and F. IPEROZD.

i STEAM GENERATOR AND FURNACE.

Reissued Aug. 1, 1882.

Figure 1.

mqikma Mia's 5'22. JQUiD 'FT EP OFHZERS,

Water Tube. C0 1 "/e fcai,

Centrallmszgazine.

2 Sheets-Sheet M. M. MONSANTO,

Asslgnor, by mesne assignments, to himself and B. Omo and F. PER-0Z0.

STEAM GENERATOR AND FURNACE.

No. 10,174. Reissued Aug. 1, 1882.

N PETERS. mm mm m wqsmmm. v c

PATENT OF ICE.

nAumoio M. MoNsANTo, on NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY MEsNE ASSIGN- MENTS, T HIMSELF AND BENJAMIN rnaozo, on BROOKLYN, N. Y.

ODIO, OF NEW YORK, AND FELIPE STEAM-G ENERATO R AND FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Beissued Letters Patent No. 10,174, dated August.1, 1882. Original N o. 235,2i5, dated December 7, 1880. Application for reissue filed June 6, 1852.

To'all whoma't may concern Be it known that'LiHAURIoro M. llIONSAN- T0, of New York city, State of-New York, and a citizen of the United States of Colombia, South America, have invented a new and 1m provedSteam-Generator and Furnace; and I do hereby declare thatthe following is a full,

clear, and. exactdescriptiori thereof, which will *andboilers' for theaiistillation ofiiquids in enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

My invention has for its object theimprove ment in the construction of steam generators evaporating brines and saccharine liquids and similar applications of heat, as well as improvementsin the construction of furnaces and comhustion-chambers for burning pulverized fuel, bituminous or coking coals, lrom, which,in becoming incandescent, large quantities of gases 'and are then employed for are thrown off, and, mingled with the. proper supply of atmospheric air, burst into flame, generating steam. It will also be found valuable where anthracite and semi-bituminous and cannel coals are used, and by slight alteration of the grate it can be adapted to burn the various hydrocarbons and other gases. A further object is to provide an improved setting and arranging ofthe lines and passages of such boilers and furnaces, and to automatically provide, on the base-burning plan, for the feeding of fuel so as to obtain the'hest results from the fuel consumed, all of which will be hereinafter more fully described. Besides producing a perfect combustion, ofthe fuel, the object is to absorband utilize for the generation of steam the heat generated byt'he fuelin the most efl'ective manner, by exposing all the heat-absorbing surface to the greatest intensity 'of the heat generated, by providing for a perfect circulation of the liquid to be evaporated,by which means a constantsupply of water must be in contact wit'hthe heatingopl eatabsorbing surface, and by guidingtlie products of combustion in such a way tha'tthey impinge at angles againstthe heating surface.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a yer- 5o tioal longitudinalsection of my improved coil steam-generator furnace, mud-drum, steamdome, and stand-piper Fig. 2 shows a modification, but substantially embodying the same general principles.

Before proceeding to'describe my invention in detail I will remark that it is generally un- 1 derstood, as a rule, the particles entering with the feed-waterare small, the steam generated beneath them in common boilers balloons them 1 to the surface of the water, where the steam will be'liberated and the particles will descend, and the impalpable particles, by their subsidence upon the boiler-plates,concreteinto scale. lhe efi'eetbf this iucrustation-eatheheating- 6 surface is that in proportion to the amount ofsolid matter 'accumulated, eombined with the non-conductive property, so will theevaporation be retarded. As before stated, the in- .crustation formed by the water commonly used is almost a non-conductor of heat, the soluble matter held in suspension is precipitated to the surface of the boiler plate or flues,"and thus pit-,1 ting, burning, and oxidation of the boiler-plate are the result. Now, with my construction of water-coil boiler I produce a rapid circulation through the coils, the velocityofwhich brushes 'and keeps clean theirinternalsurface, the water in its passage carrying the calcareous mat'ter into the mud-drum. calcareous deposit on theinner surface of the tubes isentirely avoided. v o With reference to my furnace, I have pro ceeded upon the well-established theoryfthat I perfect combustion within a'furnace -mustof necessity obviate the wasteful discharge there from o'f'cpnibustible matter, whether solid-i or gaseous, and that with a-hi'gli 'aegr'eje or combustion no smoke is produced. To attain these ends I employ well-known .elements, which go have heretofore been combinedand arranged f in various ways, and with other novel features I make use of some of these elements and arrangements with relation to each other, as

.will nore particularly appear in my claims.

erence are used,'Ais the outershell, of masonry or firesbrick.

Thus the accumulation of '80 B are the inclined supports for the watercoils, forming concave sides within the furnace and convex on the outer or ash-pit side. This plate B may be perforated, as shown at a, for the supply of hundreds of minute jets of heated air to the fuel in thefurnace. The perforations are preferably madctlaring or funnel shape; or the plate may be castwith nipples on its under side for the purpose of giving additional heat to the air on its passage to the combustion-chamber. These nipples may be cast in bulbs, as shown at a, forming an aircell within them. Should these perforations become choked up, they may be blown out orcleared by any well-known means.

(3 shows the grate of ordinaryconstruction but. it is evident that a plate adapted to the kind of fuel to be used may be substituted, and if hydrocarbon be used as fuel, then of course burners for that purpose will be provided.

- The furnace-chamber shown in the drawings is of a somewhat conoidal shape, but may be square orof other form to suit location. \Vhile this furnace is capable of being-supplied with fuel through an ordinary door, I prefer to feedv it 011 the base-burning principle. By feeding the fuel from the top, as shown at 1.), I avoid the frequent opening of the door and its wellknown bad effects. By thus feeding from the top the fuel is automatically fed, the feeder forming a. retort by which the fuel is partially eokcd and brought to the best condition for its nearer perfect combustion. The gases extracted by the coking process force themselves down through the fuel, and on their escape, and with the combustible gases arising from the fuel on thefurnace proper, take circuitous courses between the water'coils until they meet the hundreds of jets of air passing through the perforations in the plate, the coils being so arranged that the air enters between them, when the air and gases become intimately mixed and burst into flames. It is evident; that any other construction of boiler-tubes may be located within this furnace-chamber. After the furnace has been a short time in operation the walls reach a \ery'high temperature, and, owing to the peculiar shape of the roof, the gases upon their ascent. impinge against its sides, which are up to an extreme heat. Now,should there be any nnconsnmed inflammable gases they are immediately ignited, and their heat, combined with that ofthe walls, is reflected or radiated back on thc'surface tobc'heated. Thus it will be seen that thisfurnace takes the character and produces the result of a reverberatory furnace.

The grates or perforated plates may be supported in any well-known manner.

The ordinary ash and air-supply doors are provided. An air-blast, or steam and air combined, could be used with this furnace with "good results.

1i1lyerized,fuelsuch'as coal-dust or slackmay be burned on the inclined side grates,

"ter.

while lump-coal may be burned on the center grate, or both at the same time, if so desired. \Vhen slow combustion is desirable, or when the draft is to be regulated or entirely shut off,

trically arranged and located centrally around the grate. These coils reston the inclined perforated plate, and ex tend well up into the combustion-chamber, encircling the coal-reservoir. These coils E increase in diameter from the inner one to the outer, and rise spirally and conically from their base, and terminate about two-thirds the height of the furnace-chamber.

They are arranged so as to break joints in the interstices between the coils, thus retarding and compelling the flame and the heat to re main longer in contact with the steam-generating surface, and also compelling the flame to take a zigzag course, causingit to impinge on all sides of the surface to be heated.

Upon the outside of the furnace is located a stand-pipe, 11, provided at its lower end with an enlarged mud-drum and on its summit a steanr-drum. This stand-pipe is preferably made in sections 1 23, except when a small apparatus is used. Then it may bccast in one piece. It maybe provided withtheusuai llltlllholes and handholes. The upper section, 3, which forms the steanrdome, has' near its intersection with the middle portions of the standpipc. steam and waterseparators c. When the saturated steam is ascending into said dome it is caused to impinge against these separators, the water'in it adhering to their surfaces and the steam escaping to its proper chamber. ()n the upper and lower ends of the middle section, 2, of the stand-pipe areplaccd flanged projections d, as many as there are'coils of" pipe in the furnace. Each of said water-coils E has two ends, one above and one .below. These ends project through the sidewalls of the furnace, and are also provided with coupling-flanges 0'. Between these flanges (I and c are placed st op-cocks 1', both above and below. "lheobject of thesestop-cocks is to make each individual coil of pipe a separate generator,

so that there may be two or more, as may be required; but the principal object is to cut off the supply of waterfront each coil, if such coil becomes disabled from any cause.

i It is obvious that any or either of the coils may be removed and replaced when suclris found expedient.

The mud-drum 1. is made much larger than the body of the stand-pipe for the purpose of providing a large reservoir for a body of wa- It is well known that when the water is kept in an agitated state the sediment is constantly kept moving, and will continue so undesired Minot-vim, rapid gene til the b -"ir is cooled ott', when it settles on the inm. surface of the tubes or plates; but when abody of water in a quiescent state is in com munitation with the water in an agitated state the sediment or foreign substance precipitates to where the water is quiet, and thus the water circulating through the coils is kept comparathely clean.

Should the steam in the steam-dome he notas dry may be necessary, it may be conveyed to a superheater located in the chimney or uptake.

The snperhcat. -r may be of any approvct'i pattern; but I have shown a coil, or when said coil is not used for a super-heater it may be used for heating the feud-water. I thus utilize the waste heat passing oti' to the atmos phere.

The mouth of the fuel-reservoir maybe provided with a lid or cover, and it may have in it an air-register to supply, it desired, a quart iity of air to pass down with the gases into the furnace.

It is evident that all the various boilcrattachments such as gages, iced apparatus, blow-off, &c.-may be applied to the standpipes or to the water-space, as shown in Fig. 2.

In the modifications shown by Fig. 2 the principles, armngcmcnt, of parts, and mode of operation are precisely the same, except that the outer shell forms a water and steam space and takes the place of the stand-pipe. l prefer to feed the water to the shell at four or more points of its circumi'crencc.

it will be observed that my apparatus possesses unusual facilities for examination and repair, together with extreme simplicity and firmness of joints; that they are an outside and not exposed to the heat. The lirm and tightjoints ofcoilsi br oi" sectional boilers are, ai'ter all, the great desidcratum. Thus I have actical simplicity, by which i producethe ation ofsieain, rapid circulation of the water in the coils, the prevent-ion ot' incriistation in the boiler, and facilities of repair and great suviugin the first cost. f;

.llaving described my invention, its construc tion, and operation, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters atent, is-

1. The inclined tire-supporting: bed-plate B, surrounding the grate and provided with pcrioralions and d'm'nwardlyprojecting perf'oratcd lugs, in combination with and supporting ing the coils, as set forth.

2. In a circulating or coil hoilcr,thenestconsisting of a series of concentric coils arranged spirally and conically, and located centrally within shell A, combined with and extending to the plate B and around the grate,each communicating with an outside chamber and encircling and extending belowthe fuel-magazine to the grate, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a circulating-coil steam generator, a series oi im'leg'iciulcnt coils rising; spirally and conically From a. perforated plate surrounding the grate, arranged so that the air from the perforated plate passes up betwccni them, said coils being oiditi'ercnt diameters, and the coils being independentlyconnected to a stand-pipe and provided with separate stop-cocks, by means of which each or any of them may be disconnected from said stand-pipe or removed in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination,with awatcr coil steamgcuerator, of the standpipe prtn'ided with flanged projections, each arranged to connect with a separate and independent section of water-coil and ot' dit'tercntaliameters, the muddrum], arranged below the coil'conncctions and comnulnicatingz,- directly with the standpipe and enlarged for the purpose of retaining the watt-r in a quiescent slate, whereby the sediment is carried from all the coils to the drum and there caused to precipitate in the manner and tor the purpose shown.

5. The combination, in a water-coil steanr generator, of the coils varying in diameters, for the purpose shown, the stand-pipe h. providcd with enlarged mudalrum 1, central section, 2, provided with upper and lower flanged projections and the steam-section 3, forming thesteam-dome, said dome being provided wilh the steam and water separators n, all operating and arranged in the nu forth and de scribed.

(i. The combination, in a. circulat.in;;-m il boilc r, of a. grate, a perforated plate surround ingthe samc,and a series oi'vcrticallyurrnngml concentric coils extending downward to the perforated plate, substantially as described.

7. The.combination of a series oi' concentric coils surroinulingg, the comluistion-clnimbcr and extending downward to the perforated plate and an independent stand-pipe or circulatingreservoir, the said coils being connected with said staud-pipe above and below, but the up per connection being below the water-level in said stand-pipe, substantially as shown and described.

8. In a circulating-coil boiler, the combination ot'a series of concentric tubes surrounding the combustion chambcrand an exteriorstandpipe, the said coils being each independently connectedaboveand below and with the stand pipe, and each being provided with stop-cocks or valves at both ends, cutting ot't' communication with the stand-pipe, substa-ntiallyas described.

MAU b11010 M. MONSANTO. \Vitnesscs:

vuse. II. EVANS, ANTHONY (mar, Jr.

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