USPP7518P - Chrysanthemum plant named Perla - Google Patents
Chrysanthemum plant named Perla Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP7518P USPP7518P US07/469,822 US46982290V US7518P US PP7518 P USPP7518 P US PP7518P US 46982290 V US46982290 V US 46982290V US 7518 P US7518 P US 7518P
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- grown
- days
- perla
- salinas
- bogota
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 241000317173 Perla Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 241000723353 Chrysanthemum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 241001466077 Salina Species 0.000 abstract description 16
- 241000131317 Capitulum Species 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241001388119 Anisotremus surinamensis Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008124 floral development Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000237986 Melia azadirachta Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009604 Chrysanthemum X morifolium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218922 Magnoliophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/14—Asteraceae or Compositae, e.g. safflower, sunflower, artichoke or lettuce
- A01H6/1424—Chrysanthemum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/02—Flowers
Definitions
- the present invention comprises a new and distinct cultivar of Chrysanthemum, botanically known as Dendranthema grandiflora, and referred to by the cultivar named Perla.
- Perla identified as 85-891022, was originated from a cross made by Cornelis P. VandenBerg in a controlled breeding program in Salinas, Calif., in 1985.
- the female parent of Perla was the cultivar identified as Statesman, an unpatented cultivar and described as a deep yellow pompon cut spray mum.
- the male parent of Perla was the cultivar identified as Elfin, disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,810, and described as a light pink small decorative cut spray mum.
- Perla was discovered and selected as one flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross by Cornelis P. VandenBerg in September 1985, in a controlled environment in Salinas, Calif.
- Perla has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions.
- the phenotype may vary significantly with variations in environment such as temperature, light intensity and daylength. For example, plant height will increase with an increased number of long days after planting prior to start of short days. Under low night temperatures (10 degrees Celsius and lower) flowering can be expected to be delayed. Under high temperature (25 degrees Celsius night and 35 degrees Celsius day) flowering can be expected to be delayed and be more uneven than under normal temperatures. Normal temperatures can be described as 15 degrees Celsius minimum night and 25 degrees Celsius maximum day.
- Peduncle length of the first lateral at flowering after removing the apical bud without growth regulator applications is 3 to 8 cm when grown in Salinas, Calif., and 3 to 10 cm when grown in Bogota, Colombia.
- Peduncle length of the fourth lateral at flowering is 8 to 13 when grown in Salinas, and 8 to 10 cm when grown in Bogota.
- Plant height is 69 to 79 cm when grown in Salinas with 13 to 14 long days prior to start of short days, and 89-109 cm when grown in Bogota with 20 to 22 long days prior to start of short days.
- Sheet 1 is a color photograph of Perla grown as a single stem cut spray mum.
- Sheet 2 is a black and white photograph of three views of the inflorescence of Perla.
- Sheet 3 is a black and white photograph showing the upper and under sides of the leaves of Perla at three stages of development (mature, intermediate and immature).
- Gynoecium --Present on both ray and disc florets.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A Chrysanthemum plant named Perla particularly characterized by its pompon capitulum form; formal decorative capitulum type; white ray floret color; diameter across face of capitulum of 38 to 44 mm when fully opened; photoperiodic flowering response to short days of 50 to 56 days when grown in Salinas, Calif., and 62 to 63 days when grown in Bogota, Colombia; peduncle length of the first lateral of 3 to 10 cm, and of the fourth lateral of 8 to 13 cm, when grown without growth regulator applications, on open, terminal sprays; plant height of 69 to 79 cm when grown as a single stem spray cut mum in Salinas, Calif. with 13 to 14 long days prior to start of short days, and a height of 89 to 109 cm when grown in Bogota, Colombia with 20 to 22 long days prior to start of short days; and excellent tolerance to low night temperatures for bud initiation and flower development.
Description
The present invention comprises a new and distinct cultivar of Chrysanthemum, botanically known as Dendranthema grandiflora, and referred to by the cultivar named Perla.
Perla, identified as 85-891022, was originated from a cross made by Cornelis P. VandenBerg in a controlled breeding program in Salinas, Calif., in 1985.
The female parent of Perla was the cultivar identified as Statesman, an unpatented cultivar and described as a deep yellow pompon cut spray mum. The male parent of Perla was the cultivar identified as Elfin, disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,810, and described as a light pink small decorative cut spray mum.
Perla was discovered and selected as one flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross by Cornelis P. VandenBerg in September 1985, in a controlled environment in Salinas, Calif.
The first act of asexual reproduction of Perla was accomplished when vegetative cuttings were taken from the initial selection in November 1986 in a controlled environment in Salinas, Calif., by technicians working under the supervision of Cornelis P. VandenBerg.
Horticultural examination of controlled flowerings of successive plantings has shown that the unique combination of characteristics as herein disclosed for Perla are firmly fixed and are retained through successive generations of asexual reproduction.
Perla has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype may vary significantly with variations in environment such as temperature, light intensity and daylength. For example, plant height will increase with an increased number of long days after planting prior to start of short days. Under low night temperatures (10 degrees Celsius and lower) flowering can be expected to be delayed. Under high temperature (25 degrees Celsius night and 35 degrees Celsius day) flowering can be expected to be delayed and be more uneven than under normal temperatures. Normal temperatures can be described as 15 degrees Celsius minimum night and 25 degrees Celsius maximum day.
The following observations, measurements and comparisons describe plants grown in Salinas, Calif. and Bogota, Colombia, under greenhouse conditions which approximate those generally used in commercial greenhouse practice. The low temperature tolerance was determined in repeated flowerings in Bogota, Colombia.
The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be basic characteristics of Perla, which, in combination, distinguish this Chrysanthemum as a new and distinct cultivar:
1. Pompon capitulum form.
2. Formal decorative capitulum type.
3. White ray floret color.
4. Diameter across face of capitulum of 38 to 44 mm when fully opened.
5. Flowering response in Salinas under normal temperatures is 50 to 56 days after start of short days. Flowering response in Bogota, Colombia under minimum 7 degrees Celsius night and maximum 29 degrees Celsius days is 62 to 63 days after start of short days.
6. Peduncle length of the first lateral at flowering after removing the apical bud without growth regulator applications is 3 to 8 cm when grown in Salinas, Calif., and 3 to 10 cm when grown in Bogota, Colombia. Peduncle length of the fourth lateral at flowering is 8 to 13 when grown in Salinas, and 8 to 10 cm when grown in Bogota.
7. Plant height is 69 to 79 cm when grown in Salinas with 13 to 14 long days prior to start of short days, and 89-109 cm when grown in Bogota with 20 to 22 long days prior to start of short days.
8. Excellent tolerance to low night temperatures for bud initiation and flower development. Average minimum low night temperatures in our Bogota trails ranged from 7 to 8.5 degrees Celsius.
The above measurements represent repeated flowerings over a period of a minimum of two years.
The accompanying photographic drawings show typical inflorescence and leaf characteristics of Perla, with the colors being as nearly true as possible with illustrations of this type.
Sheet 1 is a color photograph of Perla grown as a single stem cut spray mum.
Sheet 2 is a black and white photograph of three views of the inflorescence of Perla.
Sheet 3 is a black and white photograph showing the upper and under sides of the leaves of Perla at three stages of development (mature, intermediate and immature).
Of the cultivars known to the inventor, the most similar in comparison to Perla is the cultivar Nimba, a white small decorative spray cut mum disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,947. Reference is made to attached Chart A, which compares certain characteristics of Perla to the same characteristics of Nimba. Because of the poor low night temperature performance of Nimba, this cultivar is not being grown in Bogota, and Chart A accordingly shows no measurements of Nimba from that location.
Similar traits are ray floret color, capitulum form and type, spray formation, and diameter of capitulum. Perla has shorter peduncles, shorter plant height, comparable flowering response and much better low night temperature tolerance than Nimba.
In the following description color references are made to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart. The clear white ray floret color of Perla is not represented in the RHS colour chart. The color values were determined on plant material grown in Salinas, Calif. on July 14, 1989.
Classification:
Botanical.--Dendranthema grandiflora cv Perla.
Commercial.--Pompon formal decorative.
A. Capitulum:
Form.--Pompon.
Type.--Formal decorative.
Diameter across face.--38 to 44 mm when fully opened.
B. Corolla of Ray Florets:
Color (general tonality from a distance of three meters).--White.
Color (upper surface).--White.
Color (under surface).--White.
Center of young flowers.--155A.
Shape.--Straight, oblong, ribbed, strongly concave.
C. Corolla of Disc Floret:
Color (mature).--Closet to 14A.
Color (immature).--Closet to 145B.
D. Reproductive organs:
Androecium.--Prenset on disc florets only; very few disc florets; no pollen.
Gynoecium.--Present on both ray and disc florets.
A. General appearance:
Height.--69 to 79 cm when grown as a single stem cut mum with 13 to 14 long days prior to start of short days in Salinas, Calif.; 89 to 109 cm when grown as a single stem cut mum with 20 to 22 long days prior to start of short days in Bogota, Colombia.
B. Foliage:
Color (upper surface).--147A.
Color (under surface).--147B.
Shape.--See photograph.
CHART A
______________________________________
COMPARISON OF PERLA AND NIMBA
CHARACTERISTIC PERLA NIMBA
______________________________________
Ray floret color
White White
Capitulum form Pompon Pompon
Capitulum type Formal Formal
decorative decorative
Spray formation Terminal Terminal
Peduncle length
1st lateral, Salinas
3 to 8 cm 10 to 13 cm
4th lateral, Salinas
8 to 13 cm 13 to 18 cm
1st lateral, Bogota
3 to 10 cm Not available
4th lateral, Bogota
8 to 10 cm Not available
Diameter across face
38 to 44 mm 38 to 44 mm
of capitulum
Plant height
13-14 long days, Salinas
69 to 79 cm 89 to 97 cm
20-22 long days, Bogota
89 to 109 cm Not available
Flowering response period
in Salinas 50 to 56 days
51 to 53 days
in Bogota 62 to 63 days
Not available
Low night temperature
Excellent Poor
tolerance
______________________________________
COMPARISONS MADE OF PLANTS GROWN AS
SINGLE STEM SPRAY CUT MUMS IN SALINAS,
CALIFORNIA, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF
PLANTS OF PERLA GROWN IN BOGOTA, COLOMBIA
______________________________________
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct Chrysanthemum plant named Perla, as described and illustrated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/469,822 USPP7518P (en) | 1990-01-24 | 1990-01-24 | Chrysanthemum plant named Perla |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/469,822 USPP7518P (en) | 1990-01-24 | 1990-01-24 | Chrysanthemum plant named Perla |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP7518P true USPP7518P (en) | 1991-05-07 |
Family
ID=23865182
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/469,822 Expired - Lifetime USPP7518P (en) | 1990-01-24 | 1990-01-24 | Chrysanthemum plant named Perla |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP7518P (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP9811P (en) * | 1996-03-14 | 1997-02-25 | Yoder Brothers, Inc. | Chrysanthemum plant named `Brisa` |
-
1990
- 1990-01-24 US US07/469,822 patent/USPP7518P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP9811P (en) * | 1996-03-14 | 1997-02-25 | Yoder Brothers, Inc. | Chrysanthemum plant named `Brisa` |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: YODER BROTHERS, INC., OHIO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:VANDENBERG, CORNELIS P.;REEL/FRAME:005223/0054 Effective date: 19900108 |