US970937A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

H. & G. E. MERRETT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

. APPLICATION IILBD MAY 11/1909. 970,937.

Patented Sept. 20, 1910.

\ "UNITED STATES PATENT orn on.

HENRY MERRETT, OI EAST BUBWOOD, AND .CHARLES EDWARD MERRETT, OF SOUTH .MELBOURNE, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA, ASSIGNORS T THOMAS BOUSTEAD SIMPSON,

OF' LONDON, ENGLAND.

- INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HENRY Mnmm'rr and CHARLES EDWARD Mnxnm'r, subjects of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residents, respectively, of Green Vale Road, East Burwood, a suburb of the city of Melbourne, and 48 Queens Bridge street, South Melbourne, a suburb of the city of Melbourne, both in the county of Bourke, State of Victoria, and Commonwealth of Australia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion en 'nes and particularly to oil engines in whic a charge of gas or vapor and suit able explosive mlxture of air is caused to explode in the cylinder of the engine. In the past numerous objections .have existed to engines of this description such as the formation of injurious deposits which injured the cylinder and revented best "results being obtained, ine ciency of cylinder lubrication, the inability of an engine to run on no load without cooling down and the diliicultyv of using different classes of fuel without, alterin valves ignition, compression, and such 11 e.

The object of this invention is to provide,

for absolute freedom from objectionable deposits in the cylinder and for the production of an oleaginous mixture therein, com lete self lubrication under all conditions an the engine firing itself on any load and not coolingdown under .no load. In addition any of the oils usable as fuel may be employed without alteration of the various parts, a fixedair suppl-yeis maintained independent of the load, there is no gummin or clo ging of the piston rings and the like, an a reduced consumption of fuel is ef- .fected, when running on reduced loads. Other advantages also will become obvious from thefollowing description.

According to this-invention, instead of only air meeting gas or vapor in the engine cyllnder toform an explosive. mixture, heatt ed air iscaused to absorbwater or steam dependent upon the type of engine. Loaded with the water or: steam theairnmeets the gas ,orvapor thereby making an ex losive mixture which explodesfmore readi y and with far greater efiect. The charge upon stance o Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept, 20, 1910, Application flied May 11, 1909. Serial No. 495,818.

burning produces a blacklubricating-subthe approximate consistency of Vaseline. This renders'cylinder lubrication unnecessary. The air, heated in its'passa e, is admitted by the suction stroke of the piston over an inlet valve absorbing heated water or steam during its entrance and producing a comparatively high tem erature mixture in the form of a mist. n some classes of engines steamjs used instead of water, the latter bein used for example in oil engines and the ormer in suction as plants when a suitable valve is provi ed for its admission. The mist drawn into the cylinder and added to the gas or va or charge, forms an explosive mixture whic is very active and the product of the combustionof which is a very efficient lubricant.

Referring to the drawings which form a part of this specification :Figure l is a view of a valve box to be applied to an engine cylinder. The air inlet orts, cylinder inlet and exhaust are clear y seen. The

cover of the box and the exhaust valve are removed for convenience of illustration. Fig. 2 is a view of .the underneath of a valve box cover showing two air inlet ports only. The air inlet valve is removed. Fig. 3 is a cross section of a valve box with the cover and air inlet valve in place. The exhaust valve which is of any ordinary type is removed. Portion of the cylinder is shown and the inlet and outlet water circulation pipes to the water jacket thereof. Fig. 4 is a cross section through Fig. 3, portions being broken away for convenience of illustration.

Similar numerals of reference indicate like or corresponding parts where they occur in the several views. I I

This invention includes an air jacketed valve box throu h the Walls or shell 2 of which are two, t 3 communicating with ports 4 leading into a chamber 5 in a cover 6 bolted or otherwise secured to the said box. The number, area and conformation of the air inlet ports 3 will ree or more air inlet ports depend upon the size and class of the engine. This valve box is heated by the exhaust gases as they leave the cylinder. Depending from the cover is a circular flange and passing through said cover is an inlet valve spindle 8 having on its lower end an inlet valve 9 bearing and retained against inlet 14. Below haust valve chamber 15 having an exhaustthe lower edge of the around said spindle, said cover. 1

Through the cove said spring resting on 6 is a hot water inlet 1 11 (Fig. 4 with which communicates awater su pl pipe 12 led off from any partof the cvlin er. water jacket hereinafter referredto.

in communication w1th the cylinder by an the chamber 13 isan exoutlet 16. The-bottom of the chamber 13 is formed by the topof an exhaust valve in the chamber 15 but which valve is not shown in the drawings it being of any ordinary and well-known character.

To the cylinder is The valve box is secured %Fig. 3) to the water jacketed cylinder 17 o the engine by bolts or in any other well known manner.

the usual water jacket inlet circulation pipe 18 and outlet or return pipe 19. Communicating from the return or hot water escape pi e 19 by a branch is. the charge .water supp y pipe 12 controlled by a cook 20.

The cycle of operations with this inven-- tion is as follows :The valve box being at- 'tached to the cylinder side of say an 011 engine with the cover 6 imposition and the inlet valve 9 being sprin 10 and the cock 12 allowing water to flow y dripping or with due regulation into the chamber 5 through the inlet 11 and such water having gathered upon the top of the valve'9, presume the piston to make asuction stroke. drawn through the ports 3 (the walls of which are hot) and becommg heated during The water above the its passage expands.

' having come from the valve 9 1s also heated water jacket of the .engine, and in conse-- quence the incoming heated air entering throught the ports *4 into the chamber 5 has no difliculty in absorbing said heated water or the greater part of it. If-steam be used it is absorbed inthe same manner. The hot mist so formed is by the suctionof the piston drawn through the. inlet 14 into the cy inder where it meets the gas or vapor charge.

Combustion and explosion readily take place,-

the, residue being a viscous substance which lubricates the cylinder admirably andis easily wiped therefrom when the engine is cleaned. Upon the exhaust stroke of the piston the exhaust passesfrom'the c linder through the inlet-14, through the c amber 13, past an ordinary exhaust valve into the chamber 15 and through the outlet 16. The exhaust is clean and comparatively cool.

The amount of water admitted into the chamber ,5 does not affect an engines working. Any over plus flows out through the type may control its Upon such a stroke, 'air 1s flange] by a spring 10 l exhaust.

Some oil fuels however, require more water than others butas stated an over ,ters Patent is supply is-not detrimental although not erhaps altogether desirable. v The air supp y is uniform and in actual ractice this invention has been found high y advantageous.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Leta 1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, a valve box communicatin with the combustion chamberof the engine below the valve, a valve in the upper art of said box, in the wa ls of said box extending from a point below to a point above said valve and communicating with the interior of the valve box above the valve and with the atmosphere, and means for admitting water or steam into the box and onto the valve, said valve controllingtheinlet of air, water or steam into' the combustion chamber.

" 2. In "an internal combustion engine, the

combination with, a cylinder, a valve box adjacent the port thereof,the portion of the box below the valve communicating with the combustion chamber of the engine, and adapted to be heated by the exhaust, an inwardly opening valve in the upper side. of said box, air inlet passages in the walls of said box extending from a point below 1 to a point retained closed by its above said valve and communieating with theinterior of the -valve box above the valve and with the atmos here, a spring-for normallyclosing the va ve, and means for admitting water or steam into the box above the valve, the inlet of air, water or steam into the combustion chamber.

inlet of air,water or steam into ting steam or water into the box 3. The combination of an explosive engine cylinder, a valve box communicating. with the combustion chamber ofthe en 'ne below the valveand adapted to be heat by the exhaust gases, and provided with air inlet passages in its walls communicating with the interior of the valve box' above the valve and with the atmosphere below the valve, a valve in (said box,andmeans' for or water into the box and said valve controlling" the the combusadmitting steam onto the valve,

tion chamber.

, 4. In combination anexplosive engine cylinder, a valve box, the lower part of said box communicatin with the combustion chamber of the engme .below the valve and adapted to be heated by the exhaust gases, and provided with air Inlet assages 111 its walls communicating with t 'e interior of said valve controlling air inlet' passages I the valve box above the valve and with the 2 atmosphere below the valve, an inwardly opemng valve in said box,means for admits valve, and a spring for normally closing said valve,

above the I said valve controlling the admission of, air, steam or water into the combustion chamber, substantially as described.

5. In an explosive engine, the combination of a cylinder, a valve box having its lower part communicatin with the combustion chamber of the englne below the valve and adapted to be heated by the exhaust'gases and having air inlet passages in its walls communicating with the interior of the valve box above the valve and with the atmosphere below the valve, a valve closing said passages, and a cover for said valve box provided with an opening for the admission of water or steam into said valve box, said valve controlling the admission of air, steam or water into the combustion chamber, substantially as described.

6. The combination in an explosive engine, of a cylinder, a valve box having its lower )art communicating therewith below the valve and adapted to be heated by the exhaust ases and having air inlet passages in its wa ls communicatin with the interior of the valve box above t e valve and with the atmosphere below the valve, an inwardly opening valve closing said passages, a cover for said valve box provided with an 0 ening for the admission of water or steam into said valve box above the valve, and a spring for normally closing the valve, said valve controlling the admission ,of air, steam or water into the combustion chamber, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures in the presence of two subscribingwit- 35 HENRY MERRETT. CHARLES EDWARD M-ERRETI.

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