US977208A - Method of combustion of oil and gas mixtures. - Google Patents

Description

H. MAXIM.

METHOD OF COMBUSTION OF OIL AND GAS @HXTUBES.

AZPLIOATIGK FILED APR. 19, 1902 QTAQQ Patentsd N0 2. 29, mm

r Inn-lug H. MAXIM. METHOD n1" COMBUSTION OF OIL AND GAS MIXTURES.

' APPLIOATLIOE PILD APR.19, 1902.

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mnassesx .251 venfinrx mate Nov. 29, 1910;

hurrah eras" s rarnr HUDSON MAXIM, QF YORK, N. Y.

METHOD OF COMBUSTION OF OIL AND GAS MIXTURES.

Application filed April 19, 1902. Serial Ho. 103,726.

To all whom it "may concern:

Be it known that I, lluoson MAXIM, of 891 Sterling Place, 'Broolrlyn, county of Kings, city and State of New York, have in-.

\ is provided, normally filled with water, the

chamber being preferably interposed in the path of the water supply to'the boiler or other vessel to be heated, forming a part of I the said water conduit, whereby is maintained a comparatively low temperature of the water in the said burner. Passing through the-burner chamber are provided small tubes or vapor conduits of such numher as may be sufficient to supply the necessary vapor or mixed vapor or gases and air to the flame, all as hereinafter explained, and the size of the tubes must be sufliciently small, and their length sufficiently great to effectually prevent the passage of the flame through them to ignite the gas and air mixture, at the inlet end of the burner.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a sectional elevation of the burner and an elevation partly in section of appurtenant apparatus in combination with which it may be employed for heating a boiler. Fig. 2 is a plan view of an engine,'air pump and air and oil reservoir, showing the said burner in section as an inlet port for mixed air and vapor to an engine cylinder.

Referring to Fig. 1, A is a steam boiler,

, used for producing steam for cooking purposes, the steam produced within the boiler escaping through a pipe B, shown in dotted lines, and through a superheating coil C, under the boiler, where the steam is superheated, thence passing upward in a highly superheated state through the vertical e2:- tcnsion D, of the pipe (l, shown in dotted lines, to the point of use here shown as a steam oven E of any suitable construction, superimposed upon the boiler, while the products of combustion from the burner pass upward through a tube G, shown 1n dotted lines, to any suitable place where heat is to be used such as around an oven throu h a channel not shown in the drawings, t e steam and the products of combustion both escaping at the valve H at the top of the oven.

A supply reservoir of oil, J is connected with a spraying device K, compressed air contained in the chamber J over the oil being utilized for spraying the oil, thereby producing in the chamber L. a mixture of oil spray and air, which is'forced upward through the small tubes M. of the burner chamber about which Water is made to circulate through the pipe N. from the reser-. voirI. to the boiler A, the water supply'to the boiler A being maintained atthe'proper altitude by a float valve not shown, The air Specification of Letters Patent. Patented NOV. 29, 1919. Y'-

and oil mixture is ignited at'the burner F,

which consists of the openings of the pipes M, about which ppenings asbestos'O is pro vided, to facilitate in the ignition of the oil and air mixture, and maintain the-streamof the same alight. -After the boiler A has become heated by the burner supplied with oil and air from reservoir J, the valves T and U are turned to cut oil this supply of fuel and valves R, Q, and R" opened, A

portion ,of the escaping superheated steam now enters the coil S Where it mixes with the oil delivered to the coil through 'oil supply pipe R. The oil-is forced rapidly through the heated coil' S by the superheated steam assisted by the pressure inres'ervoir J, and is vaporized and partially decpmposed, forming a'small percentage of water gas, the formation of soot being thus prevented within the coil S. The mixture of steam and oil flow together with greatvelocity through pipe S, valve R and spraying device-K, which now becomes an injector, sucking air in atthe openings V, producing in the chamber L a mixture of hot steam, oil vapor and air, but not at: a temperature so high as to reach the ignition point. The air, steam and oil vapor mixture, is now forced up through the pipes lift to the burner F, and any additional air which may he dcsired to produce a perfectly blue hotl flame maybe admitted through openings W. A portion of the air, oil and steam mixture may be taken from the chamber L. through the valve X to the chamber Y, where it is supplied in the same manner as already described to theburnerZ, for heating the.

water in the'reservoir I.

Referring to Fig. 2, a, designates a combined air and oil reservoir similar to that of l for the reservoir 4.

Fig. 1. Air is admitted from the chamber a, through a pipe 7), and oil is simultaneously; admitted through a pipe 0. to an injector and spraying device (Z, not shown in detail, to and through a port 6, to the chamber L, and through the burner chamber f to the'burner proper F, Within the cylinder of the engine.

' The small size of the pipes M, and the fact that they are surrounded by water, prevents the flame at F from passing backward to the chamber L, even though an explosive mixture of air and oil vapor be maintained at L. and supplied under great pressure to the burner F, and at a pressure necessarilyin excess of the pressure generated by the combustion at the burner F in the engine cylinder. By means of a proper ignition. device, or sparking device, of any usual and desirable form. the air and oil vapor in proper, proportions for ,complete combustion, which are forced from the chamber L. through the pipes M. to the burner F., may be ignited atthe burner F. and continuously as fast as the stream of the same enters into the engine cylinder to the burner F, Whereby, due to the increased volume of the heated products of combustion, the piston of the engine it. will be forced violently forward until the inlet port 6. is closed and the supply of compressed air and oil vapor is shut off and the port 2' is opened for the escape of the products of combustion. An air pump j. is provided for compressing the air It is obvious thatthe available power of this engine will be equivalent to the excess above that consumed in the friction of the parts and in the compression of the air necessary for the combus- Lion of the oil or gas vapor.

The engine cylinder may be Water jacketed and the Water to the said water jacket may be supplied by passing it through the bi'lrner chamber and around the pipes M.

lVhat is claimed is:-

1. A process of the character described. consisting in superheat-iug a moving body of commingled steam and oil, introducing air into said moving body, subdividing the fluid mixture into a plurality of streams and cooling the latter in proximity to the zone of combustion. I

2. A process of the character described, the steps consisting in superheating a rapidly moving body of commingled oil and steam, mixing air with the resulting prod uct on its Way to the zone of combustion. subdividing the last-named mixture into a plurality of streams, cooling the sa1ne, a-n l maintaining said streams lighted in the zone of combustion by means of refractory fibrous material. 0

In testimony whereof I, HUDSON MAXIM, have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HUDSON MAXIM.

Witnesses:

REEVE Lnwis, WM. B. KERKAM.

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