US910266A - Elastic-fluid turbine. - Google Patents

Description

G. BELLUZZO. ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIUATION FILED 13116.17, 1909.

9 Patented Jan. 19, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

fizveZz Z02" WW6 $6 Z ZuZ z o wi z G. BELLUZ ZO. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED EMS-0.17, 1906.

Patented Jan. 19, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

VVVVWV VVVVVVVVVWV GEUSEPPE BELLUZZO, OE MILAN, ITALY.

ELASTIC-FLUID runslnn.

Specification of Letters Patent.

H. la es Patented dan. 1Q, 1909,.

Application filed December 17, 1906. 'Serial No. 348,239,

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, Grusnrrn Bnn Uzz-o, mechanical engineer, subject of Italy, residing at Milan, Italy, have invented new and useful Improvements in Elasticdfluid Turbincsof which ihe following is a specification.

The present invention relates to some in proyernents which can be made. use of in any kind of elastic fluid turbines and also in other ones specified hereinafter, which are especially useful when applied to the partial reaction turbines forming the object of my U. S. Patent 814,423 and generally to turbines which work aha very low degree of reaction.

in the drawings Figure l is a sectional view of a partial turbnie,"the same being, brolrcn'awa'y to show the position of the blades and niounting'thereof; Fig. sectional fragmentary dew; and shows a View disclosing long blade and alternately arranged.-

The steps taken with the view of reducin g such losses often are in contradiction between themselves through the fact that, if the second losses are to be diminished in he turbines, as they are constructed now, she first ones necessarily increase and vice versa. In order to diminishboth of them the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 is applied to the.

guide wheels al awheels 7* etc. I

Between the blades or vanes of normal length P and P shorter blades or vanes p and p,- are inter )osed, Which have the only purpose of deviating the fluid jet.

Fig. 1 shows the application of such an arrangement to a partial turbine made according to the U. S. Patent 814428.

Fig. 3 shows the application thereof to a Parsons turbine. It is evident that instead of disposing alternately one long and one short blade only and so on, the short and long blades can be disposed alternately in different order.

Fig. i represents a section of a turbine showing a plurality of Wheels arranged successively.

The invention also includes, as already mentioned, an arrangement which relates more particularly to partial and reaction turbines, but which can also be employed etc; and to the running for turbines of another type, for instance,

for turbines of the Curtis type andfthe which separate the diil'er'ent steamchambers.

The blade or'vane eleinenbs shown in the present embodiment are especially adapted for use in turbines ofthe type wherein the fluid flows in a direction substantially paralljclwi'bh the nails of the blade carrying elen cuts, although the invention is not necessarily limited to turbines of such a type, and it wilhb e understoodfrom the foregoing specification that while a single wheel or revoluble blade element is shown any suitable number of suchwheels may be used and ariilngcd alternately with respect to the stationary blade elements as shown in my prior patentaforcsaio, instead of a single wheel as shown in the present instance, and such. an ap )lication' of ihe invention can be readily iinileistood from iihe present specification,

taken in mnnec tiou with my prior patenh aforesaid.

Fig. -lrepresents a section of a turbine embodyin a plurality of turbine wheels 1* and 7 these wheels being arranged in successive order and are disposed alternately relatively to the siaiionary blade or vane elements 4' and d", it being understood that the. uid flows in substantially par llel paths. in this instance, the relatively longer or principal blades or vanes 1i and P of the wheels and staiionary elements, respectively,

"form spaces that are sub-divided by the intermediaie shorter blades or vanes p" and p" of ihe wheels and stationary elements, respectively.

The experience proves that it is mechanically very diiiicult or nearly impossible to cause the. running "wheels to revolve very close to the guide vanes; on he contrary by leaving between them a certain space of 3 or at millimeters, the motion of the elastic fluid is facilitated; and as on'the other hand through this space a rather large quantify of steam could escape, it is necessary to provide the ends of the single stationary guide wheels with some kind of steam tight packing. The escape of steam is preve' according to the presentinvention by n... ing use of a suitable non metallic sublance, as for instance graphite or an" ther substance not liable "to any alterations when in contact with water steam.

The pieces of graphite or other substances are indicated wlth a in Figs. 1 and 2 the former of which is an axial section of a like, when it is desired to remove the walls 814423 as already mentioned, while the latter is an axial section of a Curtis turbine. Said pieces of graphite can be secured to the uide wheels in any suitable way. The said gures show two diflerent manners of fixing these pieces, one by means of a dovetail joint and the other one by means of a washer 12 secured by nails or rivets a.

It is evident that after revolving for a short period the turbine will without any inconveniences create a very small play by itself, through which only a very small quantity of steam can escape.

Now what I claim is:

1. In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotary member having guide blades, and a stationary member having guide blades cooperative with the rotatable member, said guide blades being arranged in series on each of the members, the blades of one series being of less lengththan those oft-he other and arranged alternately with respect theretg,

2. In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotary member having guide blades, a stationary member. having guide blades cooperative with the rotatable member, said guide blades being arranged in series on each of the members, the blades of one series being of less length than those of the other and arranged alternately with respect thereto and a nonmetalli'c substance associated with the members to form a packing for preventing the escape of fluid from the same.

3. An elastic fluid turbine comprisin relatively revoluble elements, provi'd ed wit blades arranged for a flow of the fluid substantially axially of the elements, some of the blades of one of said elements being of less length than the remaining blades thereof and arranged in the spaces between the said remaining blades.

mazes 4. An elastic fluid turbine comprising rotary and stationary blade elements, the stationary element having a set of blades of less length than the remaining blades thereof and arranged in the spaces between them.

5. An elastic fluid turbine comprising rotary and stationary elements, each proaxially of the elements, the rotary element having a series of alternately arranged long and short blades, the relatively shorter blades'being arranged in the spaces between the longer blades. v

6. An elastic fluid turbine comprising rotary and stationary blade elements, both elements having a set of blades of less length than the remaining blades of the se-' ries, and arranged in the spaces between the relatively longer blades.

7. In an elastic fluid turbine, rotary and stationary blade elements arranged successively in an axial direction, the stationary eleinentsat each side of the rotary element being each provided with a series of 'al- 'ternately arranged long and short blades, the relatively short blades being arranged in the spaces between the longer blades on the respective stationary element.

8. In a parallel flow turbine having a plurality of turbine Wheels, principal stationary vanes forming stationary buckets or vane spaces between successive wheels, and short t'intermediate anes subdividing the stationary vane spaces.

In testimony whereof I have signed my two subscribing witnesses.

GIUSEPPE BELLUZZO. Witnesses:

ERNEST SANTO, B. CARLO SALvA'rEn.

vided with a series of blades arranged to receive the fluid in flowing substantially name to this s ecificati'o'ii in the resence of

Images