US902396A - Controlling system for electric motors. - Google Patents

Description

J. H. HALL.

CONTROLLING SYSTEM FOB. ELECTRIC MOTORS.

WITNESSES: INVEN'TDR ATTORNEYS J. H. HALL.

CONTROLLING SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

.AIILIGA'JJION' FILED MAR. 13, 1906.

Patented 0011.27, 1908 SHEETS--SHEET 2.

INVENTOR 294M M Wm, v

n MAW- IM- ATTORNEYS I J. H. HALL. CONTROLLING SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION- FILED MAR. 13, 1966.

Patented Oct. 27, 1908. v SHEETS-SHEET a wn-ruzsse: m 0017 INVENTDR )V M, g-QWM. M 17 m TTORNEYS Ty-H. HALL.

CONTROLLING :YBTEM FOB ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLIOATIOI FILED MAR. 1a, 1906.

902,396 Patented Oct. 27, 1908.

7 SHBBTS-SHEBT 4.

WITNESEEE q INVENTQR WW j J 7 M, {A 2412M 7pm mm,

A-i- TO :2 N czvs J. H. HALL. CONTROLLING SYSTEM FOR ELEGTRIO MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED MAB-.13, 1906.

Patented Oct. 27, 1908.

7 SHEETSSHEBT 5.

INVEIN'IOR ATTORNEYS J. H. HALL. CONTROLLING SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLIOATIGN FILED HAB..13, 1906.

Patented Oct. 27, 1908.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

ATTDRNEYS waTME-ssss: s

' J. H. HALL. CONTROLLING SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED HAB.13,.1906.

Patented Oct. 27, 1908.

7 SHEETSSHEET 7.

R o T N E V m wn-Ncsss:

W. mama/401 ATTO H N EY.

UNITED STATES) PATENT OFFICE JAY H. HALL, OF CLEVELANl), OHIO, ASSIGNOR 'l O ELECTRIC CONTROLLER AND SUPPLY COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO. A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

CONTROLLING SYSTEM FOR ELECTRICMQTORS.

Patented Oct. 27, 1808.

Application filed March 13, 1906. Serial 30. 305,746.

" To all whom; it may concern:

. and magnetic cont-roller, and the principal 4 thelaroin is confined.

Be it known that I, JAY H. HALL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented or discovered'new and useful Improvements in Controlling S stems for Electric Motors, of which the to owing is a specification.

M invention relates to systems for control electric motors from a point distant fro'i'n t em,-the motor and rheostat connections being effected by switches which are preferably closed by electro-magnets and o nedli '3 rings or weights.

It is one o ject of my invention to provide a system in which but a single wire or conductor will be required between them'estercontroller and 'the ma netically-operated controllerwhich .contro s the motor andrheostat circuits.

provide' a magnetically-operated reversingmechanism, which, w on the master-controller has been thrown to the off-position, re-

mains inactive or 'inthe position, to which it was last thrown.

' It is also an object of my invention to con -i to only one of 'a series of' fine the 'aro' switches;- whic control the rheostat, this provision requiring but a single blow-out m et. t

I y system, therefore, applis to the arrangement of the connections of the master rheostat switch, that isy the switch to which variety of systems may be. employed for cutting out the speed-omitrolling, resistance to bring the motor or motors with safety up to the required s ed. The master-controller may he various y constructed; the magnetic,

oil'fiprincipal, controller may embody widely d' erent apparatus; and tho rheostatic connections may be variously made, while still retaining the spirit of my invention.

Referring to the drawings which accmn pan) this specification and form a part hereof, Figure 1 is a dingrainmatical vu-wsl'iowing one form of my invention: Fig. 2. a 0nd form of my ITHOflilOll, (hil' rmg from the first form in the type of motor l'cvorsnn;

"mechanism; Fig. 3, a third form of my invention; Fig. 4, a fourth form of my mv -ntioii; Fig. 5,'a fifth form of my invention Beyond this a great showing its application to a multiple unit system; Fig. 6, a sixth form of my invention wherein two relay windings are used; and Fig. 7, a seventh form of my invention, the same being substantially the system shown in Fig. 6 but appliedto a multiple train unit system.

sent a series of switches thrown vin succesrslvely automatic acceleration in accordance wit 1 the pnnciplesof'PatentNo. 772,27?

switches are shown .ihafving their; contacts connected with different sections of'the resistance R in the manner "shown in said fpatent. .f 1 1 The'resistance R is connected. to one terminal of the field F5 ofute motor, the other terminal being voonnec 'to the' switches S and S",. wh ich, together ith the switches S 'and S, are preferably like the switchesS to S.' The switch S is connected to the negative main; the switches SKS, and S, to the wire. connecting the resistance section It tr the contact of the switch 8; and the switches S and S, to the positive main. The contacts of the switches S and S! are connectcd to the brush A of the armature M of the mo tor; and of switches S-and S',to the other brush A? of the motor. It will thus be seen that the motor circuit is open at three difler ent= groups of contacts, oneat the switch; 5 to S; one at the switches Sand S; and one at the switches S andQS. The switches 39 and, S operate =m pairsfal'ternately with the i ,the rotation-of the motorin one ection and l the other air, in the opposite direction. The first memiier of each pair closes first and con trols the closing of the second member oi the i an.

iirols the switch S; Each switch is closed by a solenoid, whose core isconnectedthereto;

The second member of each pan con- 1 Referring to Fig. 1, S, S S and S rapier- :v

granted to Arthurv .Ci Eastwood. These air of switches S and S joneair causing P y and opened by springs, asin sai Patent No.

1, Suposing the switch B to be closed, the swito es S to S to be open as shown on Fig. 1, and the master-controller G to.he moved 3 onto the positive contact- Gigthecurrent: flows from the said contact,- throughv the mas M r-controller and the coil of the relay C to a point'b lwecn the solenoids of the swit hes S and S: thcnce through the solenoid of the i switch to negativepole .of the switch B.

lOl

The closing of the switch S closes the contact connected to the brush A and bridges a I pair of contacts, one leading to a point between the solenoids of the switches S and S and to one of the air of contacts of the switch S and the ot er to a point between theSwitches S and S and to the second of said pair oicont'acts of the switch S. The

closing of the switch S, therefore, permits switch S and to the winding of the solenoid of the switch S, the other contact being connected to the-negative main.

The energization of the relay C closes its switchC' upon the contact of the solenoid 9f the switch, whereb current from the pole'or contact G passes t ough the winding ofthef. relay (3, the switch C, the winding of the solenoid of the switch S, the pair of contacts of the switches S". to .the n ative main through the switch BI. This circuit closes the switch S, so that the resistance R, the field F, and the armature M are all inseries as follows: from the positive pole of the.

switch B through the switch S, the brush A, the armature M, the brush A, the switch 1 I S, the field F, the whole of the resistance R,-

' and the switch .8 to the negative pole of the switch B. This circuit necessitates a rota- I tion of the armature in one direction. If the master-controller had closed the controller circuit through the negative pole .G, .the

switches S and S would have been closed in stead of the switches S and S, because the current from the positive pole of the. switch B would pass first throu h the solenoid of the switch S and'thence t ough the relay C and the master-controller Gto the negative pole G. The closin of the switch S closes its pair of contacts w ich connects the solen-' oid of the switch S just as the closing of the pair of contacts of the switch S connects the solenoid of the switch S into the circuit of' the master-controller circuit. The pair of the contacts of the switch S will be closed by the switch S whereb the solenoid of the switch S will be inclu ed in the master-0on troller circuit through the switch C, as was the case when the switch Swas closed. The

motor circuit with the controller G onthe.

pole G2 is thus traced :1 from the positive pole ot the switch B, through the switch S,

the brush A, the armature M, the brush A, the switch S, the field F, the resistance R, and the switch S tothe negative pole of the switch B. It will be seen that. the movement of the master-controller from the pole G to the pole G has not reversed the flow of current through the motor field F, but has reversedthe flow through the armature, causing a reversal of the rotation of the latter.

The closing of the switch S closes a pair of contacts, one being connected to the positive poleof the switch B and the other through.

the winding of the solenoid of the switch S to the contact I of the latter switch. The

switches S and S each have a pair of contacts, like that of the switch S, one being connected to thepositive'pole of the switch, and the other being connected through the.-

solenoid of the-succeeding switch to the main contact of the said succeeding switch."

The last switch S is without a pair of contacts, .its solenoid being joined to its own contact.

. The switches S to S close successively and automatically as the acceler .tion of the motor rises in a manner well own'in the art.

If the haridle G be thrown from the positive ole G- to its center position, as shown on Fig. 1, the relay C" is deenergized, causing the switch C to open the circuitof the solenoid of the switch S,.'thus interrupting the motor circuit. Current still flows equally" throu h the solenoids of the switches S and S, an also equallthrough the solenoids of the switches S an .S but since the switches S and S are closed, theair-gap in the magnetic circuits of their operatin solenoids 1s smaller than in the case 1n switc es S and S and therefore, the switches S andS remain closed.

If the controllerhandle Gris again thrown from ofiosition to the contact .G, the

switch S is again closed through the switch C and the motor starts as before without any movement of the reversing switches S to S. If, however, the handleG is-throv'n to the ole G, bothends of thecoil of switch S will he connected tothe ne ative'main, while one end of the coil of switc S be connected to the positive main and the other to the.

negative main; thus causing the switch S to close and S to o n. As soon as the switch Scloses, the so enoid of the switch S is placed in the master-controller circuit and I that of. the switch S is shunted, causing the switch- S to close and S to open. 'The switches S"'to S are closed as when the controller G was on the pole G, but the arma-- ture connections of the motor being reversed, as hereinbefore'explained, the arma'.

ture has its direction of rotation reversed.

It is seen that'mmotor can be'reversed, the circuit thereof always hem opened on one switch, this being accomphshed by using a sing1e-wire between the master and magnetic (hut always opens at the switch S onl the due blow-out magnet is employed, this eing designated by the letter O.

In order to prevent 'the switches S andS,

(tr reversing controllers. As the motor-cir-.i

or the switches S and S, closing at the same i Arthur c. Eastwood;

Referrin 'now to Fig. 2, m and n represent two sdlenoids connected in series across the line.- Tli'e master controlle'r circuit is ro n the handle G, through the relay C and he oint between the solenoids m and *n-. If the andle G is on the positive contact G,

- the current from 0 will traverse-the solenoid m to the ne ative pole of the-switch B: In a manner well known, the solenoid m causes the'operation ofthe reVe'rser so that the contact iingers shall move onto the left hand contact strips as shown. As soon as the contact fingers are as shown, the current from the controller G will pass throu 'h the relay switch C, which has'been closed y the relay magnet C, thence through the solenoid of the negative the switch S, and the contacts 8 and g to 1c of the switch. The energizatihn of t e solenoid of the switch 5 closes the said switch, -whereby the resist-- ance R is all connected to the negative 'pole of the switch B. The circuits of the two oint 1', the contact fin ers L and A, the

)rush A, the armature i the brush A, the

contact fingers A and F, the field coilsF of the motor, the resistance R, and; the switch S to the negative pole of the switch B.

The circuit through the motor F" is as fol-- lows: from the point 1 assed by the circuit of the motor F throng the contact fin ers Land AA, the brush AA, the streams the brush AM, the contact fingers AA and FF, and the field FF of the motor F to the point 0 where it connects with the return circuit of the-motor F.

If the handle G is now thrown to oilosition, the contacts of the reverser wil not change as the coils 'm. and 'n. will be equally magnetized. if the handle G is then closed on the negative pole G, the solenoid nwillbe energized, the circuit tl'icreof being traced thus: from the positive ole of the switch B through the solenoid n, the point o, tlic relay magnet C, and the handle G to the pole G.

The solenoid 2?, now having an ex" of cur rent over the solcnoid in, will in a wad known manner shift the contact'fingcrs of thereverscr to the right hand contact strips, the connections lining nnnlogous to those existing when the ('ti'lllilflllfil' (i was on the pole G. It will be seen liovscvcr that the two armature circuits have been reversed, causing the motors to rotate in the opposite direction. The switches S to S operate as'in Fig. .1 Q

Referring now to Fig. 3, I have shown the stat switches S to 's of Patent No. 793,570,

. series with the single wire connecting the master controller to the'magnet-C. Different speeds are obtained 1 at different predetermined positions of the-handle G, as stated-in said Patent N0. 793,570;

R 'ferring to Fig; 4, I'show a system wherein the reversing switches S .to S? are'as in Figs. 1 and 3,' and the switches S to S. are

connected somewhat like thoseof Fig. 1. Instead ofjthe (positive pole of the switch B being connects to one ofeach of the auxilia'ry contacts ofthe switches S to S as in 1, this pole is in Fig. 4 connected to the ay switches E,'E,, E, and'E, whose fixed contacts exce t that of S are connected to one of. the auxiliary contacts of the preceding switch, the contact-of switch E being connected tothe solenoid of the switch S.

The relay ma" ets D to D, controlling the respective switc es Eto E, are connected in series between one of the auxiliary contacts ofthe switches S and S on the one hand and the "contact of theswitch C of the relay'mag net 0, whose winding has one end connected asinFig. 1' andthe'other end as in-F'ig. 3.

The motor circuits are as in Fig. 1. The master-controller circuit is the same as in Fig. 1 except that the upper auxiliary con,-.

tact of the switch S does not lead to the solenoid of the switch S, but to the negative line, to which also the said solenoid isalso connected. .In Fi 4 the solenoid of the switch S is contro ed by-the switch E and is energized as Ion 'as current is passing. throu h the controller G. After the switch E is c osed, the switch S closes, its auxiliary contacts connecting in circuit the solenoid of the succeeding rheostat switch S", which will close as soon as the handle G has been moved sufiicientl to cause the current strength through t 0 motor M to increase enough to energize the relay D to close the switch E. The switches'S and S are likewise controlled by the relay switches E 'and E, respectively, whose actuation also depends upon the position of the handle G and consequently the strength of the current passing througli the motor M". I have shown the. relay nlegnbtsf D to D with successively larger weights at.

: one fiend to govern the sequence 'ofthe closing of the switches E to ,E, hut other means for causing the successive closing of those reversing mechanism of Fig. l with the rheo- 3 switches may be adopted.

Referring now to- Fig. 5, I show a con 14s ceases to the winding of t -seeding unit and the relay switch C. is when controllers by only a single wire.

from the first to the second unit has the- ,same function to the second unit as the sintrollcr system, adapted to control a number of motors from a single point, for example, in the case of a multiple unit train.

Fig. 5 shows a train of three units, each be-' ing substantially like that of Fig. 3, the separate units being connected in series by single wires and the master-controller beingconnected to one of the magnetic or reversing i The switches b to S and their connec tions are as in Fig. 3 except that the positive and negative mains passing through the switch Bof Fig. 3 are connected in Fi 5 with the trolley or-shoe W, andgroun T, the poles of the master-controller or switch G being also connected to the said mains.

The windings of the relay C are placed in series with the master-controller G and control the two relay switches C and C. The relay switch C of the relay C is when closed in a circuit leadin fromthe said controller l ie relay C of the next succlosed in a circuitleading from'said controller to the solenoids, or'Ielectro-magnetic controllin mechanism, of the resistance switches to S. The single .wire leading gle master-controller wire has to the first unit. The third unit is connected to the second unit the same as the first and second units are connected and so on'with' all succeeding units. a

obvious manner, so that the master-controller current-is transmitted to all the units in the train, each unit acting as if it had independent connection with the master-controller.

. If the handle G be thrown to the positive pole G the current passes from the trolleywire or third rail through the trolley or shoe W, the handle G, the seriesmotor M, the windings-of the relay C and it's switch C, through the reversing and resistance controlling mechanism of the first unit as in Fig. 3 to the negative at the ground T. By the closing of the switches (P and C, the reversx ing and Tesistancemeehanisms of all units are started simultaneously, the position of the handle G roviding means for controllin simultaneous y the speed of all the motors The movement of the handle to off-position or to the negative pole G has evidently the same operation on each unit as it has in Fig. 3. It is clear that the mechanism of Fig. '2 could be substituted-for that shown in each uniton Fig. 5.

Referring now to Fig. 6, I have shown my system of motor control a plied to the system shown and describe in Patent No.

rented to Arthur C. Eastwood. There erence letters used on Fig; 6 are so winding m.

. r l nclosed. -When the windings of the relay-C are energized, its switches C and C are closed in an.

ings thereof, that m will close its switch n" at a smaller current than m. will close its switch n, which windings are in series between the 1nastercontroller and a 'oint between the windin s of the'magnets and d which operate ti contacts I) and the movable contacts I) and b as described in said patent, No. 793,514.'

. The solenoid winding G5 is connected to the fixed contact of the-switch n of the relay m and,the solenoid F is connected to the e reversing switch having the fixed fixedcontact of the switch n of the relay m.

The solenoids d and d are in series between the positive main and a point between one solenoid F and the connecton of the latter with the switch-controller E.

The positive and negative mains are connected directl to the contacts 21 and 2'", and the contacts 7 are connected to the relay I have provided contacts h. alternating with the contacts h and connected also to the relay winding m, a resistance 1 being inserted in'the circuit of thecontact's h to reduce the currentthro'ugh the contacts h to such anamount as tokiause therelay m to open its switch n ,'wliil e retainingthe switch If the master-controller be operated to move the contacts i upon the contacts 5 and i and the slider hbe -then lowered so as to bridge the contact plate h. alternately with the contactsh and h, the currentwill flow v from the positive main through the solenoid d, the relay windin s 'm. and m, the-contacts h and h alternate y, the slider 7t, the contaets h, i, i .and i to the ne ative main.v

This circuit actu'ates the solenoid d toclose the-contacts b on the contacts I). The motor circuit is now closed through all the resistance in the controller E, as in said patent, and is from the positive main through the upper pair of contacts, I), b of t e revel-sin switch, thearmature a, the lower airs 0 contacts I), b the field winding 0, an the resistance controller-E to the ne ative main.

During the falling of the slider h, circuit through the' switch n has been interrupted several times by the slider as it engages with the contactsh, whereby the current from the positive main asses throughthe solenoid F in impulses, w ich operate the magnetic resistance controller E as described in said Patent-No. 793,514.

As the slider makes and breaks the circuit through relay winding m, the current' through the solenoid G actuates the solenoid G5 as the solenoid G of said patentis actuated. When the master-controller is thrown to m of the succeeding unit.

have the same tunction as the fixed contact If the contacts 1: are now placed on the contacts i and 1'. and the slider again lowered,

the current will flow from the positive main through contacts 11, i, i, and h", the slider Ir, the contacts h and h, the rela windings m and m", and the solenoid d to t e negative main. The solenoid (2 will now cause the re versing controller to shift so as to bring the contacts I) on the contacts I). This causes the current to be reversed through the armature a owing to the fact that the contacts b are connected alternately into pairs" instead.

of consecutively as with the contacts b. The remaining parts of the apparatus work as when the contacts i and i are bridged.

Referring now to Fig. -7, I have shown a multiple unit system, wherein the units are, except as hereinafter stated, the same. as shown in Fig. 6, the motor circuits being omitted. The reference letters are the same as on Fig. 6 so far as applicable. In Fig. 7

the relay winding 111 controls two pairs of contacts n and n, instead of one contact as in Fig. 6. The contacts it when bridged by the switch 11., connect the winding m and thc mastencontroller circuit in series with the next succeeding unit, instead of with thenegative main, as 11,,Fig. 6. The master- -controller circuit through the winding m of, thejlast unit is led to the round or a negative return. 'lhcwire leading from one unit oint be- 'm and passes through the contacts n to the winding The contacts a of the switch 12. of Fig. 6.

The contacts n when bridged connect the solenoid G to the positive main, as does the switch 12. in Fig. 6..

It is to be understood that the drawings are merely illustrative of a few ways, in which m invention can be practiced, but it is inten' ed to include within the scope of my invention all apparatus which embodies the principles thereof. While the drawings have shown definite connections and arran ements, persons skilled in the art will read il make minor changes without materially l ter' theprinciples involved.

1. In a system for controlling motor the combination of a master-controller, motor reversing mechanism governed thereby, a.

single conductor. connecting said mastercontrollpr and said reversing mechanism, a

resistance controlling switch, an electromagnet having its winding in series with said conductor, and a. circuit controlled by said magnet to control said resistance controlling switch. r

2. In a system for controlling motors, the combination of a reversing switch, electromagnets-for operating the same, a resistance switch, an eleetro-m net for o crating the same, a master-contro ler, a sing e conductor from the master-controller to first. electromagnets, a relay in series with the single conductor,.the relay switch, on energization of the relay'magnet, being connected in circuit with said conductor, and means for pre ventin the operation of the reversing switch when t e master-controller is thrown 'to offposition.

3. In a system for controlling motors, the combination of a reversing switch, electro- 'a plurality of resistance switches, electromagnetic mechanism for operating the same, a master-controller connected to the electromagnets of'the said mechanisms, means for preventing the operation. of .the reversing switch wlien'the master-controller is thrown to off-position, means for deenergizing the electro-magnets of the resistance switches when said controller is thrown to off-posiresistance switches, the connections being such that the motor circuit is always opened at the switch having said blow-out magnet.

, t. In a system for controlling motors, the

combination of a plurality of motor units,

each including a motor reversing mechanism, aspeed-controlling mechanism and a mastencontrollcr, a single conductor between the said controller and the reversing and speed-controlling mechanism of the first unit, and a single conductor to connect each unit to the reversing mechanism of the succeeding unit.

5. In a system for controlling motors, the combination of a plurality of motor units, a pair of relay switc es and a reversing mechanism in each unit, and a mastei-controller connected to thereversing mechanism of the first unit and the relay windings of the. first unit, one relay switch in each unit controlling the resistance switches of the unit to which it belongs and the other relay switch connecting the unit to which it .belongs to the succeeding unit.

6. Inc system for controlling motors, the combination of a plurality of motor units, a pair of relay s itches in each unit, and a master-controll r connected with the relay windings of the first unit, one relay switch in each unit controlling the resistance switches of the. unit to which it belongs and the other relay. switch connecting the unit to which it belongs with the relay switch operating mechanism of the succeeding unit,

ma 'netic mechanisin for operating the same tion, and a blow-out magnet for one of said I 7. In a system for controlling motors, the trolling the electro-magnetic mechanism of 10 combination of a plurality of motor'units,- a the succeedin unit. I pair of switches and a motor reversing device. Signed afifilevela nd 0., this 24 day of in each unit, electro-mag'netic mechanism February, 1996. for operating said switches, and a mastercontroller connected with the said mechanism of the first unit, one of the switches con-' Witnesses: trolling the resistance switches of the unit to J. E. WELLMAN, which It belongs, and theother switch con- O. PIRTLE.

JAY H. HALL.

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