US908499A - Cutting-tool. - Google Patents

Description

' G. T. RIDGBLY.

CUTTING TDOL. APPLICATION IILBD 90.26, 1905.

Patented Jan. 5, 1909. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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c. T. RIDGBLY. CUTTING TOOL attache? Patented Jan. 5, 1909. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

APPLICATION FILED DEU. 26, 1905.

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CHARLES T. RIDGELY, OF SPRINGFIELD,

COMPANY, OF SPRINGFIELD,

OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANDARD TRIMMER OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

CUTTING-TOOL.

Specification of Letters Patent,

'Patented Jan. 5, 1909.

Application led December 26, 1905. Serial No. 293,196.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES T. RmenLY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clarlr and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and rise* ful Improvements in Cutting-Tools, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to cutting tools, and, more specifically, to cutting tools designed for use in cutting paper, cloth, etc., being more specifically designed as atrimming tool for the purpose of trimming the edges of wall paper, window shades and the like', in connection with a straightedge for guiding the same.

One of the objects of my present invention is to provide a construction whereby the power applied to the head for the purpose of depressing the head and the cutting dish carried thereby to bring the cutter to its worl: will act upon the trimmer as al whole in such a way as to also canse it to move along its prescribed path, thereby facilitating the operation of the device and causing it to start npon its travel before or at the same time that it begins to cut.

A further object of this feature of my in vention is to so transmit the power applied by the operators hand to the head as to cat se it to act upon the cutter with a maximum of efficiency, to obtain the best results with the least exertion.

Another object of my invention is to so support the gage portion of the Itrimmer relatively to the giide ofthe straight-edge as to reduce the amount of friction between the two at their points of lateral contact and ermit a more accurate fitting of the parts 1n this respect.

A further object of my present invention is to maintain the trimmer in a position at right angles to the plane of the straight-edge, preventing tilting and rocking and insuring the movement of the cutting dislr` in a plane at right angles to the surface of the material on which it operates.

Another obj ect of my present invention is to provide a bearing or support for the cutting disk and its arb or in the head which will accurately position the dish with respect to the straight-edge and trimmer without requiring the employment of an adjustable end bearing or abutment for the arbor, or frictional contact of the cutting disk against the straight-edge, while at the same time the removal of the cutting disk and its arbor from the trimmer, and its replacement therein, may be readily effected.

Yet another object of my invention is to do away with all frictional contact between the head and the parts carried thereby on the one hand and the straight-edge on the other hand, at the same time making provision for avoiding excessive friction between the head and the gage, so that the guiding fnnctions are confined to the gage and the guide on the straight-edge, and the head, with its cutter, is adapted to move relatively to these parts with a minimum of friction.

To these and other ends my present invention consists in certain novel features which I will now proceed to describe, and will then particularly point out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Iiigure l is a top plan view of a structure embodying my invention in one form; Fig. 2 is a face view or front elevation of the same; `fig. 3 is an elevation of the same viewed from the opposite side; I ig. 4 is an inverted plan view of the trimmer proper, detached; ig. 5 is a detail sectional view, illustrating the bearing for the arbor of the cutting disk, the same being in section upon the line x fr of "rig, 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows; llig. 6 Y

is a detail sectional view, taken transversely through the central portion of the gage'in a vertical plane, illustrating the bearings of the gage upon the guide; fig. 7 is a detail sectional view, talren on the line 'y y of ig. 2 and loolring in the direction of the arrows; Ilig. 8 is a plan view, illustrating a modification; l ig. 9 is an elevation of the inner face of the structure shown` in liig. 8; fig. l0 is a view similar to lig. 8, illtstrating yet another modification; and Iig. 11 is a view, similar to l ig. 9, of the structure shown in I* ig. 10.

Referring to the said drawings, l indicates a straight-edge, of any approved construction, having a gi'ide valong one of its margins. This guide is preferably formed by the application to the body of the straight-edge of a metallic guide strip comprising a vertical portion 2 having a lateral gride surface 3, and a horizontal portion 4, having a top bearing surface 5. The horizontal portion of this metallic guide strip overhangs the body of the straight-edge, which is preferably grooved, as indicated at 6, to effect this result, and the edge of the horizontal portion 4 constitutes a second lateral guiding surface 7, disposed in a direction opposite to the gi iding surface 3. The under surface of the projecting margin of the horizontal portion 4 of the gi 1de strip constitutes a contact surface 8, disposed in a direction opposite to that of the bearing surface 5 on the upper side of said strip. The gi ide thi s formed receives and giides the gage portion 9 of the trimmer, which is held in such relation to the gi ide and straight-edge as to always stand vertically with respect to the same, assuming the straight-edge to be horizontal. The gage 9 comprises a body portion, the under face of which, indicated at 10, forms a bearing surface which travels on the top bearing s". rface 5 of the gi ide, on which it rests and is sapported. On the front face of the gage there is provided at each end a downward extension 11, these downward extensions forming gi iding members which coperate with the giiding slrface 3 on the otter face of the vertical portion 2 of the metallic g1 ide strip. The central portion of the gage has on its inner or rear side an extension 12, which, as shown in ig. 6, extends downward past and cooperates with the lateral gi iding rface 7 on the opposite side of the giiide, said extension 12 constiti ting a gliding member engaging the gi iding s1 rface on one side of the gi ide, while the gi iding members 11 engage the lateral gi iding si rface on the other side of the gi ide. Preferably, these g-iiding meml: ers are provided with bearing rollers which contact with the guiding slrfaces and thereby prevent excessive lateral friction between the gage and gf` ide. ln the present instance, I have shown each giiding member 11 as terminating in a li'g 18, apertured for the reception of a pivot screw 14, on which is moiinted a roller 15, Similarly, the gi iding member 12 is apertired for the reception of a pivot screw 16, on which is mounted a bearing roller 17. The rollers 15 thi s bear on one side of the gi' ide at points which are comparatively widely se arated, While the roller 17 bears upon tige opposite side of the gi ide at a point about midwayb etween the l: earing points of the two opposing rollers, thereby giving effective s-pport and giiidance to the gage. The g:V iding member 12 has a portion 18 which extends under the projecting margin of the horizontal portion 4 of the guide strip, engaging with the contact surface 8 on the under side thereof to hold the gage down upon the guide. .As already stated, it is desirable that the gage should always be at right angles to the plane of the straight-edge, since the gage is, in the present instance, provided with bearing or contact surfaces which guide the movel ments of the head and of the cutting disk l carried thereby. Since, however, the gage engages under the guide on one side only,

there is a tendency to tilt laterally away.

from the side not thus engaged, in case pressure is so applied to the trimmer as to cause such a tilting tendency. l-prcvide means for overcoming this tilting tendency by the provision of a separate contact or bearing on the inner side of the gage, the same being in sliding Contact with the straight-edge and serving to resist this tilting tendency. Preferably, this anti-tilting contact is a resilient one, so as to act at all times to maintain the gage in upright position, and l also prefer to make the contact a rolling one, so as to diminish friction as far as possible. The construction which I prefer for this purpose is that illustratedmore particularly in Figs. 1 and 2, in which the guiding member 12 on the inner side of the gage has an extension 19, slotted horizontally, as shown at 20, to

receive the end of a leaf spring 21, which is secured therein by a screw 22. The free end of the spring has mounted in it a roller 23, which is held in Contact by the spring with the upper surface of the body of the straightedge 1. rihe reaction of the spring 21 exerts an upward pressure on the projection 19, and holds the gage in a vertical position, or at right angles to the plane of the straightedge, with the rollers 15 parallel with the guiding surface 3, so that the head moves in a plane at right angles to the surface operated on, and the cutting disk moves in a similar plane. This anti-tilting bearing may be otherwise constructed., however, and in Figs. 8 and 9 i have shown the same as consisting of a stud 24, secured in a recess in the guiding member 12 by means of a transverse pin 25, or in any other suitable manner, and having secured to its projecting portion one end of a leaf spring 26, the other end of which carries a roller 27 to bear upon the guide. rThe connection between the spring and stud may be effected by bending the end of the spring around the stud and securing it by a screw 28, or in any other suitable manner.

. Yet another form of the anti-tilting guide is shown in Figs. 10 and 11, in which construction the guiding projection 12 is provided. in its under side with a seat 29, in which is secured by a screw 30 one end of a leaf spring 31, the other end of which is rounded or curved, as indicated at 32, and bears upon the bottom of the groove 6, in which it travels. Other modifications of this structural feature will readily suggest themselves.

The head, ,indicated as a whole by the reference numeral 33, is supported and guided entirely by the gage, which latter is provided with vertical bearing surfaces 34, against which fit similar bearing surfaces 35 on the inner face of the head. It will be observed that the guiding projections 11, on which the bearing surfaces 34 are in part formed, extend downward between the head and the outer or front face 3 of the straightedge guide, from which it will be seen that the head is not guided by contact with said face of the straight-edge guide, as is usually the case in structures of this character. The head is provided with slots 36 and 37, through which project parts supported by the gage, to permit the head to move up and down relatively to the gage and guide the same during its movement. The slots 36 and 37 are located at the two opposite ends of the head and gage, so as to be on opposite sides of the axis of the cutting disk, hereinafter referred to, and said slots are inclined downward in the direction of movement of the trimmer when at work. Preferably, the angle of inclination of the rear slot 36 to the plane of travel of the trimmer is greater than the angle of inclination of the front slot 37 and, in practice, l prefer to make the said angle of the slot 36 about 45 degrees, and the angle of the slot 37 about 30 degrees. The parts projecting from the gage through the slots 36 and 37 are preferably a pivot screw 38, threaded into the gage, as shown more particularly in Fig. 7, and having a head 39, of greater diameter than the width of the slot, so as to hold the head against the gage. Upon the body portion of each pivot screw there is mounted an antifriction roller 40, which receives the thrust of the upper wall of the slot when the head is pressed downward in operating the trimmer, thereby preventing excessive friction between the head and gage. The head is held normally in its raised or uppermost position by means of a spring 41, interposed between the head and gage, and arranged to act in a line which is substantially the general line of movement of the head relatively to the gage. The headis provided at its upper portion with a rearwardly extending flange 42, which covers and protects the upper edge of the cutting disk, and with a thumb piece or hand rest 43 to receive the thumb, or ball of the thumb, of the operator. The upper end of the spring 4l is seated in a recess 44, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, in the thumb piece 43, while its lower end is seated in a similar recess 45, also shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, in a boss 46 on the gage 9.

The head 33 carries a cutting disk 47, which moves up and down with said head, so as to be projected below the plane of the bottom of the straight-edge when depressed,

said disk being supported in a bearing 48,

projecting outward from the front face of the head in the form of a sleeve, referably closed at its outer end. This caring is located about midway between the slots 36 and 37, and it will therefore be seen that when pressure is exerted downwardly upon the head, this pressure will be distributed to both the front and rear ends of the head, owing to the fact that the head is guided with relation to the gage at both of said ends. The movement of the head and cutting disk is a combined downward and forward motion in the general direction of movement of the trimmer, so that pressure on the head in the natural direction required to move the trimmer forward and at the same time move the cutting disk downward will effect the desired results with a maximum of efficiency. l prefer to give to the front slot a less angle of inclination than the rear slot for the reason that this gives to the rear end or heel of the head an increased range of motion, this being the part thereof to which pressure is more directly applied. It results from the construction just de scribed that the downward and forward pressure applied to the head moves the cutting disk downward and forward toward the material to be operated on, so that it enters the same at an angle which gives a drawing cut, the efficiency of which is still further increased by the greater downward motion of the rear part of the head.

rfhe cutting disk 47 is secured in any suitable marmer, as, for instance, by a screw 49, to one end of an arbor 50, projecting from the bearing 48 within which it is mounted and supported. l provide means for supporting the cutting disk and its arbor with relation to said bearing in such a way that the position of the cutter relatively to the head and straight-edge is determined through the medium of the bearing 48 without involving any end thrust or friction sufficient to materially affect the free rotation of the cutter and its arbor, while at the same time the cutter and arbor may be readily detached from the head and as readily replaced, the parts positioning themselves automatically when thus replaced and being held against accidental displacement. The construction which I prefer for this purpose is shown more particularly in Fig. 5, in which the arbor 50 is shown as provided with a circumferential groove 51, preferably seniicircular in cross section. A detent pin '52 is mounted in the sleeve 48, its inner end, preferably rounded or hemispherical so as to fit the groove 51, projecting into the interior of the bearing `ust sufficiently to engage the groove. The head 53 on the outer end of the detent pin 52 serves, by its contact with the outer surface of the sleeve 48, to prevent said pin from being projected too far into the groove.

A spring 54 acts upon the detent pin 52 to press the same inward. This spring may be of any suitable construction, and, in Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 10 l have shown said spring as a leaf spring in the form of an L, having its upright portion secured to the front face of the head by a screw 55,- while its free body portion extends over and bears on the head 53 of the detent pin 52. a modified form of this spring, in which it is constructed as semicircular in form, as indicatedat 56, being secured to the under side of the sleeve 48 at one end by a screw 57, while its free upper end bears on the head of the detent pin. rIhe construction is such that, while the inner end of the detent pin engages the groove in the arbor, it does not bear against the same with any material pressure, so that the rotation of the arbor and cutter are not impeded thereby.- Furthermore, owing to the employment of this detent, the cutting disk is held in proper relation to the other parts without any end bearings against the same. Thus, the sleeve 48 is made of such a length that when the cutter is in operative position, the inner end of the arbor does not bear against the closed end of lthe sleeve, and, similarly, the disk itself does not need to bear against the other end of said bearing. Furthermore, this construc-tion permits of so positioning the cutting disk that it may be brought up against the front guiding surface 3 of the straightedge without being pressed into contact with the same, so as to utilize said surface as a guide for positioning the cutting disk, and the cutting disk is thereby permitted to move in a correct vertical plane without excessive friction against the face of the guide. It will be at once seen that the disk and arbor can be removed from the head, when this latter is disconnected from the gage, by simply pulling outward on the disk, the detent pin yielding to permit the arbor to pass. In replacing the arbor and cutter, the detent pin again yields and permits the arbor to pass inward until the detent pin enters the groove, whereupon the cutting disk will be automatically positioned with respect to the remaining parts. I am thus enabled to do away with adjusting screws for positioning the disk, and am also enabled to reduce the frictional resistance to the rotation of the parts.

As already stated, the connection between the cutting disk 47 and arbor 50 may be of any suitable description, but I prefer to employ the construction illustrated, which is of my invention. In this construction the screw 49 has a conical head 58, and the aperture in the end of the arbor into which the screw 50 fits, while threaded to receive said screw for the greater portion of its length, is provided with a tapering or conical recess at its outer end to receive the similarly shaped screw head. The outer end of the arbor is preferably reduced, as shown, to receive the cutting disk, which fits thereon against the shoulder thus formed, said reduced extension Vpreferably extending through and In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown I slightly beyond the disk. This reduced extension, in which is located the conical seat for the head of the screw, is transversely slotted, as indicated at 59, so that when the screw is turned home, with the disk in place, it will spread the end of the arbor and clamp the disk firmly in position.

It is obvious that various modifications may be made without departing from the principle of my invention as specified in the appended claims. It is also obvious that all of the various advantageous features hereinbefore described need not necessarily be embodied in a single structure.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A straight-edge comprising a guide having lateral guiding surfaces, in combination with a cutting tool having guiding members provided with rollers which bear upon the opposite lateral guiding surfaces of the guide, substantially as described.

2. A straight-edge comprising a guide having lateral guiding surfaces, in combination with a cutting tool having on one side two separated guiding members and on the opposite side an intermediate guiding member, said guiding members being provided with rollers which bear upon the opposite guiding surfaces of the guide, substantially as described.

8. A straight-edge comprising a guide having lateral guiding surfaces, one of the margins thereof being undercut or overhanging, in combination with a cutting tool having on one side guiding members provided with rollers which bear against one of the lateral guiding surfaces of the guide and on the other side a guiding member having a vertical roller which bears upon the opposite guiding surface of the guide, said last-mentioned guiding member extending under the overhanging margin of the guide, substantially as described.

4. A straight-edge comprising a guide having lateral guiding surfaces, one of the margins thereof being undercut or overhanging, in combination with a cutting tool having at its opposite ends guiding members provided with rollers which bear upon the lateral guiding surface on one side of the guide, an intermediate guiding member having a roller which bears on the opposite lateral guiding surface of the guide, said intermediate member engaging under the overhanging margin of the guide, substantially as described.

5. A straight-edge comprising a guide having lateral guiding surfaces and an undercut or overhanging margin, in combination with a cutting tool having guiding members which bear against said lateral guiding surfaces, one of said members engagingy under the overhanging margin of the guide, and an anti-tiltrio ing member carried by the cutting tool and bearing on the straight-edge on the inner side of said guide members to prevent lateral tilting of the cutting tool, substantially as described.

o. A straight-edge comprising a guide having lateral guiding. surfaces and an undercutV or overhanging margin, in combination with a cutting tool having guiding members which bear against said lateral guiding surfaces, one of said members engaging under the overhanging margin of the guide, and a resilient anti-tilting member carried by the cutting tool and bearing on the straight-edge on the inner side of said guide members to hold the cutting tool upright with respect to the straight-edge, substantially as described.

'7. A straight-edge comprising a guide having on its outer face a relatively wide lateral guiding surface, the opposite side of said guide consisting of an overhanging marginal portion with a relatively narrow lateral guiding surface, in combination with a cutting tool having on one side guiding members arranged to bear on the relatively wide' guiding surface of the guide, and on the other side a guiding member bearing against the opposite guiding surface of the guide and engaging under the same, and an anti-tilting member carried by the cutting tool and bearing resiliently upon the straight-edge to hold the cutting tool upright with respect to the straightedge and with its outer guiding members in parallel contact with the outer guiding surface of the guide, substantially as described.

8. A straight-edge having a guide with lateral guiding surfaces overhanging at its inner margin, in combination with a cutting tool having guiding members bearing on the lateral guiding surfaces, one of said members engaging under the overhanging portion of the guide, and a resilient anti-tilting member bearing on the straight-edge on the inner side of said guide members and connected to the cutting tool on its inner side, so as to resist lateral tilting in that direction, substantially as described.

9. A straight-edge longitudinally grooved and provided with a guide, in combination with a cutting tool having guiding surfaces cooperating with those of the guide and a lateral extension beyond the groove, a spring secured to said extension at one end, and a roller mounted in the other end of the spring and bearing upon the straight-edge back of the groove, substantially as described.

10. A straight-edge comprising a guide having lateral guiding surfaces and an undercut or overhanging margin, in combination with a cutting tool comprising a gage having guiding members which bear against said lateral guiding surfaces, one of said members engaging under the overhanging margin of the guide, and an anti-tilting member carried by the gage and bearing onthe straightedge to prevent lateral tilting of the gage, and a head provided with a cutting disk and mounted on and guided by the gage, said head being movable in a vertical plane relatively to said gage, substantially as described.

11. A straight-edge having a guide, in combination with a cutting tool comprising a gage fitting and sliding on said guide and having vertical bearing surfaces on its front or outer face, and a head having a cutting disk and provided with vertical bearing surfaces on its inner face to cooperate with those of the gage, said head sliding bodily in a vertical plane with respect to the gage, and a spring interposed between the gage and head to lift the latter, substantially as described.

h 12. A straight-edge having a guide, in combination with a cutting tool comprising a gage fitting and sliding on the guide, and a head providedwith a cutting disk and mounted to slide on the gage in a downward and forward direction, substantially as described.

13. A straight-edge provided with a guide, in combination with a cutting tool comprising a gage fitting and sliding on the guide, and a head mounted to slide on the gage in a downward and forward direction, the rear portion of said head having a more rapid downward movement than the front portion, substantially as described.

14. A straight-edge provided with a guide, in combination with a cutting tool comprising a gage fitting and sliding on said guide, and a head provided with a cutting disk, one of said members having downwardly and forwardly inclined slots, and the other of said members having projections entering said slots, whereby the head is guided with a downward and forward movement relatively to the gage, substantially as described.

l5. A straight-edge providedwith a guide, in combination with a cutting tool comprising a gage fitting and sliding on said guide, and a head provided with a cutting disk, one of said members having downwardly and forwardly inclined slots, and the other of said members having rojections entering said slots, whereby the fiead is guided with a downward and forward movement relatively to the gage, the angle of inclination of the rear slot to the horizontal being greater than the angle of inclination of the front slot, whereby the downward movement of the rear end of the head is accelerated, substantially as described.

lo. A straight-edge having a guide, in combination with a gage fitting and sliding thereon, and a head having a cutting disk centrally mounted thereon, said gage and head having cooperating inclined guiding slots and projections located on op osite sides ofthe cutting disk, substantiaify as described.

f and 175A Straight-edge havingV a guide, in combination vt ith a gage fitting and sliding on said guide, and a head provided with a cutting disk, the meeting faces of the head gage having cooperating vertical bearing surfaces, the head being provided near its ends with downwardly and forwardly inclined slots, and the gage having guiding projections extending through said slots and provided with retaining heads of greater width than the slots to hold the head against the gage, substantially as described.

18. A straight-edge having a guide, in combination with a gage fitting and sliding thereon, and a head carrying a cutting disk, one of said members being provided with inclined guiding slots at its end and the other of Said members being provided with guiding projections having anti-friction rollers tting said slots, substantially-as described.

19. A straight-edge having a guide, in combination n ith a cutting tool comprising a gage iitting and sliding on said guide, and a head having a cutting disk centrally mounted thereon, said head and gage having coperating vertical bearingsurfaces', said head having at its ends downwardly and forwardly inc-lined slots, pivot rscrews-passing through said slots threaded into the gage and having their heads bearing againstthe outer surface of the main head to hold the same against the gage, and antifriction rollers mounted on said pivot screws in said slots, substantially as described.

20. A straight-edge having a guide comprising a lateral guiding surface on the front edge of the straight-edge, in combination with a cutting tool com rising a` age adapted to slide on said gui e and a ead vertically movable with respect to the gage, said gage having a portion interposed between the headand the front guiding surface of the straight-edge, said portion bearing on one side against said guiding surface and having on the other side, a bearing surface against which the head bears, substantially as described.

2l. A cutting tool coin rising a head having a bearing sleeve, anti) a spring-actuated detent extending into the interior of said sleeve, in combination with a cutting disk having an arbor removably fitting said bearing sleeve, said arbor having a circumferential groove adapted to be engaged by the detent to position the cutting disk relatively to the head, substantially as described.

22. A cutting tool com rising a head having a bearing sleeve, andp a spring-actuated detent extending into the interior of said Sleeve, in combination with a cutting disk having an arbor removably fitting said bear- I ing sleeve, said arbor having a circumferential groove adapted to be engaged A by the detent to position the cutting disk relatively t die head, said detent yielding automat! .ically to permit removal and insertion of the arbor, substantially as described.

23. A cutting tool comprising a head having a bearing sleeve, and a spring-actuated detent extending into the interior of said sleeve, in combination with a cutting disk having an arbor removably itting said bearing sleeve, said arbor having a circumferential groove adapted to be engaged by the detent to position the cutting disk relatively to the head, and means for limiting the inward movement of the detent to prevent excessive friction thereof against the arbor, substantially as described.

24. A cutting tool comprising a head having a bearing sleeve, a detent pin extending through said sleeve having its inner extremity lying within said sleeve, and having at. its outer end a head which limits the inward motion of the pin, a spring acting on said pin to move it inwardly, a cutting disk, and an arbor carrying said cutting disk and removably iitting the bearing sleeve, said arbor having a groove to receive the inner extremity of the pin, said groove and the extremity .of the pin being so constructed as to cause the pin to ,yield outwardly when suflicient force is applied in a longitudinal direction to the arbor, substantially as described.

25. In a cuttin tool of the character described, a centra-ly apertured cutting disk, in combination with an arbor having a reduced end to receive said disk and a shoulder against which the disk lits, said extension being transversely slotted, said arbor having a longitudinally threaded aperture terminating at its outer end in a tapering or conical recess within the reduced extension of the arbor, and a screw threaded to fit said a erture and having a conical head to iit 'said3 recess, substantially as described.

26. In a paper cutter, the combination of a casing or frame supporting a disk, and a gage piece loosely attached thereto, said attachment being formed by inclined slotted guides on one part adapted to iit over projections in the other part, and a spring between the gage and casing, substantially as speciied.

27. The combination with a casing supporting the disk and the gage attached thereto, diagonal slots in the casing, and rollers secured to the gage and fitting in said slots, and a spring between the casing and gage, for the purpose speciiied.

28. In a paper cutter, the combination of a disk and a casing, a sup orting frame for said casing, in relation with) which said disk and casing are slidingly mounted, and mea-ns forA directing the sliding movement of said disk and casing simultaneously downwardly'y @canse '7 29. In a paper cutter, the combination of In testimony whereof, aiX my signature a disk and a easing therefor, parallel inclined in presence of two witnesses.

Guides Jformed in said casing a supporting ilrarne, projections thereon engaging said in- CHARLES T' RIDGELY 5 @lined guides, and a spring between said sup- Witnesses:

porting frame and easing, substantially as E. O. HAGAN, described. l IRVINE MILLER.

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