US893816A - Starting device for mercury-vapor apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JULY 21, 1908. G. SGHWARZ & J. AMON. STARTING DEVICE FOR MERCURY VAPOR APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED HAT-16.1906.

e c lmr X a m a 71/ now riots 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Sieo S 5511 W G M01431 Q law G. SGHWARZ 5; I. AMON. STARTING DEVICE FOR MERCURY VAPOR APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26. 1906,

PATENTED JULY 21, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

19M440 one o STATES PATENT oFFIo enonea scHwA'Rz AND-'J'OSEE AMON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownth sub'ect of the Emperor in t e cit of New Yor State of ewYork, andJo of the Emperor of Austri in the cit of New York, New Yor ,have jointly the 4 ordinar sockets, sue

use; and fourt constructlon of the mercury va or invention Figure 1 re lamp; Fig. 2 1s a secti vice on l1ne aa, section of the soc magnet and au sectional view 0 5, 6, 7 and 8 are are starting device.

In Fig. 1, e is the the lamp; it ma suitable form.

In rod his a contracted from one end to the ot the leg 7' to a point on bulb e; a similar pass e end to end of the rod asis 1n common commercia s to be described.

the exterior of t STARTING DEVICE FOR nBCUBY-YAPOB APPARATUS.

--s,..smao.. of Letters Patent. Patented m 21, 1908. Application M m so, 1006. and ms. 901,000.

of Germany, residin metal anode m is .fixed, the cathode, conin the county an sistingof a bod of mercu n, is placed in. sEFAMomasub'eet the bottom of t e bulb e. l aHungary,resi in county and State 0 is a metal 11 the isfirst, to pro- The wire w with its msulating coating is ans for initiatcurved at the top, as shown at 2, so that one the circuitinwhich the gas or free end of. the wire 16 contacts with the vapor is included; second, to furnish acommercury while the other free end 17 conact commercial form of lighting device or tacts' with t amp in which the circuit; third character described throui suita le socket is shown in Fig. 3.

e eReferring to Fig. 3 a porce rings or enlargements 14, 15,1on the rod h GEORGE SCHWARZ, a near the top thereof between which the connectin the cell d with the bul 0 wire w, preferably of platinum, invented certain new incased in a cylinder of vitreous enamel v; and useful Improveme vices for Mercury-Vap the following is a sp This invention relates to ap which an inclosed g an electric circuit.

The object of the'invention vide improved automatic me ing or starting passes through the wall of the cell (1 to glass inclosing bulb of electrical contact with the mercury the be cylindrical or of an other end of the coil is connected to t e int the bottom of the bulb e sulated conductor 112 which in turn is conand inte a1 therewith, is d; the col (1 is connected of the bulb e by enlarged at the section of glass g, the connecting device There is a rod of g1 stantially like those end of the bulb t ain section 13 extends from forms the basis of the socket; 'Within the through the leg '5 shell 1) is. an electro-magnet 30 having a holterminatin on the interior of the bulb e low core 31, an armature 32 elevated by a near the ottom thereof. There are two compression spring 33, and a coller 34 of nts in Starting Dethe exterior diameter of 'v is approximately 5 or Apparatus, of which the same as the interior of the passage due allowance being made for a reasonab e deparatus in gree of expansion. The wire w with its as or vapor is lncluded in .coatingof enamel '0 forms a plunger or piston like device 2:, which slides in the passage f.

he mercury n in the bulb .e. gas or vapor is included in The cell (1 is filled with a thermal device or fifOVldG a lamp of the material g which has a, high co-eificient of 'ch can be applied to expansion and contraction on being subform of incandescent lam jected to variations of temperature. Mercury is preferred vbecause its expansive h, to improve and sim lify the property under the effect of increasing heat Iamp 1s sufficiently marked. Normally the Wire he accompanying drawings ustrate the w electrically unites the mercury n and the mercury y. In close proximit to the merpresents a vertical section of a cury 'y there is a heat coil q; t 's consists of on of the starting dea number of convolutions of insulated wire Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a vertical having suitable resistance. It is preferred, ket containing the electroto provide a helical groove 20 on the exterior xiliary devices; Fig. 4 is a of the cell (1 toreceive this heat co'il g; and n the line b.b, Fig. 3; Figs. to protect it by a shell or cover of insula modified forms of the initlal material 21. One end of the heat 0 ting an auxiliary cel nected to the contact 22. The conductor with the interior 113 connects the mercury n with the con a passage f. The bulb e is 23; contact 24 is electrically connected with top where there is a solid the anode m by conductor 40; the contacts purpose of receiving 22, 23, and 24 on the base of the lamp register with correspondin contacts in a fixed ass h extending from one socket, all arranged su b o the other at about the in the well known EdlSOIl incandescent axial line. The rod h is .bifurcated at the lam The circuit connections exterior to bottom, the two legs being shown at t and j. the amp are diagrammatically represented assage 1 2 extendin in Fi 1, and a mechanical arrangement of a non-magnetic material fixed to the armature 32 to guide its movements with respect to the core. 35 is a contact sto for the armature 32; armature 32 is e ectrically connected with the contact 122, through the spring 33, the core 31 and electrical conductor 36. The ring 124 is electrically connected with one terminal of magnet 30 by the screw 46 and the screw threaded shell 123 is electrically connected to the binding post 37 by the screw 38. The binding post 39 is electrically connected to one terminal of the resistance coil 1' and to the second terminal of electro-magnet coil 30. These circuits are shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1, where sis a hand operated double pole switch.

The 0 eration of the apparatus is as follows: When the switch 8 is closed the mains are connected with the lamp circuit. Current passes to post 39, resistance 7, contact 35, armature 32, contact 122, contact 22, conductor 112, heat coils q, mercury y, wire w, mercury n, Wire 113 to contact 23 to 123 to switch s. Mercury y under the effects of the current in heat coil q expands, immediately lifting the plunger 0; and breaking contact between the wire terminal- 17 and the surface of the mercury 1 n, where an are forms, vapor is generated and an arc is sprung between the anode m and the cathode n enveloping the tube h, which thereby casts no shadow. When the circuit is broken at 17 anew circuit is established through 39 via 30, 124, 24, 40, anode m, the vapor arc, mercury n, conductor 113 to. 23, to 123 to switch 8; armature 32 is attracted and the circuit through resistance r, conductor 112, including wire w, is 'o ened between 32 and 35. The inclosing bulb e is strengthened by the rod h and the luminous gas or are envelo s rod 72. thus avoiding a shadow. The con uctors 112 and 113 are located in tube h by preference but in Figs. 6', 7 and 8, these conductors are placed in the wall of the bulb e. In Fig. 5, the heat coil 1 is placed inside the cell (1; there is a glass stem 60 covered with asbestos 61 and this is surrounded by an iron sleeve 62. The heat coil g is located on this iron core and is insulated with a vitreous enamel coating 63. One end of the heat coil q connects with the mercury, the other end is connected with the wire 112, and the contact 22. The operation is the same as that described in respect to Fig. 1.

In Fig. 6 the plunger x carries a cup 50 having a slotted perforation at 51. When the plunger is forced upward into the osition shown in dotted lines the mercury ows through the perforation and when the flow sto s an arc is formed.

11 Fig. 7 the heat coil is shown at the to of the bulb 0; when the lunger a: is force upward an arc is formed between the terminal of the wire at 17 and the anode m.

In Fig. 8 the starter is located in the top 7 of the bulb e, the other parts being as shown in Fig. 1. One end 16 of the plunger :1: extends into the mercury 'y'in the cell (1. The end 17 of the plu er wire extends down into the mercury n in t e bottom of the bulb e, located as shown in Fig. 1. The 0 eration of these modified devices is substantially the same as above described.

In Figs. 7 and 8 where the auxiliary cell d is located at the topof bulb e there is a transverse brace or partition t preferably of glass arranged to support the cell (i.

Whatwe claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination in an a paratus of the character described of two e ectrodes, a

circuit therefor, and a branch circuit including a plunger and a heat coil to control the plunger.

2. The combination in a paratus of the character described of two e ectrodes, a circuit therefor, and a starting device in a branch circuit consisting of a movable contact and a thermal controller therefor.

3. The combination man a paratus of the character described of two eectrodes, a circuit therefor, and a starting device consisting of a movable, arcing contact and a controlling device therefor operated by heat.

4. The combination in an a paratus of the character described of two e ectrodes, a circuit therefor, a starting device in a branch circuit consisting of a movable contact, a

thermal controlling device and means for opening the branch circuit and establishing the maln circuit.

5. The combination in a vapor. lamp of two main electrodes, an inclosing, bulb therefor, an auxiliary cell forming art of said bulb, a passage between the ce and bulb, a thermal device in close proximity to the cell, a plunger in the passage normally connecting the thermal device with the cathode,

main circuit connections for the main electrodes, a branch circuit including said plunger and means for opening the branch circuit and closing the main circuit.

6. The combination in a vapor lamp of two main electrodes, an inclosing bulb therefor, an auxiliary cell forming art of said bulb, a passage between the ce and bulb,

a thermal device in close proximity to the cell, a plunger in the passagenormally connecting the thermal device with the cathode, main circuit connections for the main electrodes, a branch circuit including said plunger, means for automatically opening said branch circuit and means for closing the ma n circuit.' i

7. The combinationin avapor lamp of two main electrodes, an inclosing bulb therefor, an auxiliary cell forming bulb, a passage-between the cc and bulb, a body-9f mercury in the cell, a plun er in the passage electrically connecting t e main,

art of said.

for, an auxiliar.

mercury electrode with the mercur in the cell, main circuit connections for t e main electrodes, a branch circuit including said plunger, means for opening the branch circuit and means for closing the main circuit.

8. The combination in a vapor lamp of two main electrodes, an inclosing bulb therecell forming art of said bulb, a passage etween the cel and bulb, a body of mercury in the cell, a plunger in the passage electrically connectin the mercury electrode with the mercury in the cell, a heat coil for the auxiliary cell, main circuit connections for the main electrodes, a branch circuit includin said plunger and coil means for automatical y opening the branch circuit and means for closing the main circuit.

9. In an apparatus of the character described the combination with the main electrodes of a separable contact, main circuit connections for the main electrodes, a branch circuit for the separable contacts, means for automatically opening the branch circuit means for automatically closing the main circuit and passages in the walls of the inclosing device for the conductors of said circuits. a

10. The combination in a vapor lamp of an inclosing bulb, electrodes in the bulb, an are starting device carried on said bulb, a base for said lamp, fixed contacts on said base, electrical connections between the electrodes and are starting device and said contacts, a suitablefixed socket, fixed contacts in the socket forming the terminals of main line and branch circult connections, an electromagnetic switch in said socket suitably connected to said contacts and means for mechanically and se arably uniting the lamp base with said soc et whereb electrical contacts on the base register with corresponding electrical contacts in the socket.

GEORGE SCHWARZ. JOSEF AMON.

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