US853909A - Roof for mausoleums, tombs, vaults, &c. - Google Patents

Description

110.8534909. A PATENTE MAY 14,' 1907-.i4

` 0.- B. TAYnToR.

. R001" PoR MAUsoL-BUMS, TOMBs, VAULTS, sw.

I i APPLICATION FILE-D 00T.26, 1,906.'

z SHEETS-s113312.

witnesses .THE NoRms PETERS ca., wAsHlNcrroN, u. c.

PATENT oEEioE.

CHARLES E. TAYNTOR, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK;

-ROOF FOR'IVIAUSOLEUNIS, TOIVIBS, VAULTS, &0.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 14, 1907.

Application filed October 26, 1906. Serial No. 340,678.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. TAYNTOE, a citizen of the United States, and residing in Borough Park, borough of Brooklyn, State of New York, have invented a new and useful Roof for Mausoleums, Tombs, Vaults, and the Like, of which the following is a specification.

In the construction of roofs for mausoleio ums, tombs, vaults, etc., oryother buildings and more particularly such as are constructed of granite or other stone and have a stone roof, it was for a number of vyears very difficult to construct a satisfactory roof of i 5 this character, which through change of temperature and long and continued exposure to the-weather, would not be liable to such a separation of the various stones as to effect the stability and life of the roof, thereby prozo ducing seams and. causing the roof to become discolored and permitting percolation of water therethrough, this action being due largely to frost and the absence ofv such a permanent joinder of the parts as would resist the same.- To obviate these disadvantages,

I designed prior to theyear 1899, a novel construction of a roof for buildings of 'this character with the object in view to provide an improved, simple and strong roof construction,

3o in which the seams by the junction of the several parts of the roof were well protected without interfering with the vision lines of the roof for which invention I was granted Letters Patent No. 635,984, dated October 1899. Subsequently I made further improvements in structures of this character and devised a roof comprising pediments having side roof stones provided with ribs along their inner top edges, and a central 4o roof stone having lips along its opposite side edges fitted to overlap'the ribs upon the side roof stones, whereby a novel roof construction was produced in which the seams formed by the junction of the several parts of the roof 4s were well protected, so as to prevent rain from driving through said seams and the consequent percolationof water therethrough.

In my present invention I have devised an- 5o other novel construction whereby I am enabled to accomplish all of the results previously mentioned in a cheap and expeditious manner by forming one of the side roof stones as a combined side roof stone and ridge and uniting the two side roof stones without the necessity of a central roof or keystone whereby I am enabled to cover the complete roof of a building with two stones. I effect a junction of these parts, which is rain, water or frost tight under all conditionsand form gutters of such a character that all moisture is prevented from entering the 'seams or joints formed between the combinedl side roof stone andridge and the other side roof stone.

I further provide means for preventing the water or moisture from the roof stones from reaching the cornice or side walls of the building and thus prevent discoloration of the building and I further provide an air vent at the most advantageous position for 0btaining the very best results.

To the above end my invention consists broadly as hereafter claimed in the novel construction of roof for mausoleums, vaults, and the like, whereby the various stones are so united, as to prevent improper movement of any stone and gutters are provided in each side roof stone, one of which is the combined side roof stone and ridge, having a lip overhanging the gutter in the other roof stone so that the seams formed between the two stones cannot be acted upon by the elements, nor do they detract from the appearance of the structure, the seams being well protected so as to prevent rain or moisture from driving through them and the gutter and roof stones being so formed that a straight vision line is formed from the outer edge of the side roof stones to the top of the ridge.

It further consists of novel features of construction all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

Figure l represents a front-elevation of a roof embodying my invention. sents a sectional view on a line transversely of Fig. 6. Fig. 3 represents a sectional v iew showing a construction where two roof stones are employed on each side of the roof. Fig. 4 represents a side elevation of a portion of a roof showing the gutter and lip at the upper portion the gutter and lip between the two side roof stones, and the gutter for the drain or discharge at the lower portion of the roof. Fig. 5 represents a perspective view of'the combined side roof stone and ridge. Fig represents a plan view of the roof.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings: I have illustrated my invention as applied to the roof of IOO a mausoleum, or vault and have omitted to show or describe in detail, any portion of the construction below the rieze or top course of the wall. To avoid needless repetition I have shown and described only one embodiment of the building, it being apparent that both ends of the building are constructed in substantially the same way, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

1 designates the roof of a mausoleum, vault, tomb or the like, having a front frieze or top course 2 which together with the side courses support the roof proper. Resting upon the top course is the pediment 3 or its equivalent which may be made of a single stone or olf` two or more stones, as desired, said pediment being preferably triangular and pitching in opposite directions laterally to regulate the pitch of the roof.

4 and 5 designate side roof stones which rest upon and overlap the pediment 3 su'l'liciently to insure permanency, these parts being provided with mortises and tenons respectively, in the usual manner to prevent said stones sliding, said side stones 4 and 5 forming the opposite sides and overhanging eaves of the roof and in the present instance, rest directly upon the side portions 2 and form the cornice. The side roof stone 5 in the present instance has formed integral therewith, the ridge 6 so that the same forms a combined side roof stone and ridge and said siderooi` stone 5 having its edge 7 so constructed to form, with the corresponding edge S, of the side roof stone 4, an arch by reason of the miter joint, as will be well understood from Fig. 2, so that the side stones are prevented from settling, as will be evident.

9 designates an overhanging lip formed on the side roof stone 5, in the present instance, which extends longitudinally thereof, forming an overhanging extension. It will be noted, more especially from Fig. 6, that the said lip 9 does not extend the entire length of the said stone 5 but terminates a slight distance from the front and rear ends 10 and 1 1 of said stone, l'or purposes as will be hereinafter described and that the said lip is inclined or beveled atits ends, as seen in Fig. 5.

In the present instance, the side roof 4 is provided with an upwardly extending seat 12, adjacent the outer top portion of the saine, which seat serves as a wall for the gutter 13, which is formed in the upper portion of said side roof stone 4 and extends longitudinally thereof any desired distance. In the present instance it is of substantially the same extent as that of the overhanging lip 9 and the said roof stone 4 is provided with the extensions 14 at its upper 'front and rear edges which extensions are situated in front of the lip 9 and form therewith, a beveled joint and conceal the same, so that when the two side roof stones are in position the appearance willy be as seen in Fig. 1, that is to say the joint between the stones will be a close joint and the division line of the two stones will not be broken. As the lip 9 overhangs the seat 12 and projects slightly beyond the same it will be noted that the. water and moisture are directed into the gutter l?, and will be led away from the joints and at the same time it will be apparent that the plane of the lip 9 and of the roof stone -l are in the same plane so that a straight vision line is presented, whereby it will be apjmrent that in all directions, the vision line will be preserved.

If desired, I may form a gutter 15 at a suitable point adjacent the ridge in the side rool" stone 5, which gutter will also terminate a slight distance from the iront and rear ends as 10 and 11 of the said root stone 5 as best understood from Fig. G.

The advantages of my novel construction just describe-d will be apparent to those. skilled in the art, since it is manifest, by the novel manner of constructing the two side roof stones and forming a combined side rool" stone and ridge, that a roof will be formed, which presen ts permaneucy, strength and power but which resists the elemen and by reason ol the lip S) being in a straight vision line with that ot the outer surface of the side roof, stones, that a pleasing and ornamental structure is insured and the vision line of the roof in all directions will not be interterred with and at the same time the gutters are so constructed with respect to the lip l), when the parts are assembled, that water and lfrost are prevented :from penetrating or a'l`eeting the seams, thus preventing percolation ol' the water therethrough.

In the construction just deserib xd, I have referred more particularly to the use oll but two side roo'l stones but it will be apparent that in. 'forming a root, and where vit is deemed desirable, I may use two or more side rool` stones on each side oi the ridge with the same results, the construction where two are. used being seen from Figs. 3 and 4, wherein the same parts I have just described are employed and where in addition, the side .rool` stone 5 is provided with a second overhanging lip 16 which proj ects beyoiul a seat I7 in a side roof stone 1S which also has the glitter 19 for carrying oil the water and moisture. In this event, the lip 16 will terminztte in the same manner as the lip that a slight distance l'rom the liront and rear ends ol' the side roof stone 5 and the root stone 1S will be pro vided with an extension similar to l -l in order to conceal the gutter 1l) and lip 1G, the eiliect ol all of which is the same as previouslydescribed with respect to corresjmnding parts.

Iierctotore in the construction ol roots, the water and moisture has been allowed or permitted to run o'll' the edges thereof and it has been found that the same will ol'ten continue lOO llO

down the cornice and against the sides of the buildlng which results 1n discoloration of the parts and in some instances, 1n the moisture reaching the interior of the building. In`

order to prevent this I have, broadly, provided means for leading away the water and discharging it in such a manner thatit will be impossible for the same to reach the cornice and the side walls of the building and to accomplish this I have provided a gutter or gutters in the upper surface of the sifle roof stones adjacent the lower edge thereofv and have provided a spout formed in the side stones for directing the water, away from the cornice and the sides.

In the drawings, and more particularly, in Fig. 6, I have shown three gutters having discharges therefrom, but it will be apparent that only one gutter and discharge may be employed or any number, depending upon conditions.

2O designates the gutter formed in the upper surface of the side roof stones adjacent the lower edge thereof, said gutter being so formed as to die out or disappear at its upper edge, whereby it does not appear or detract from the upper stone said gutter having the' two inclined walls 21 and 22 which slope toward each other and at substantially their junction I form a cut-away portion or groove 23 into whichl the water or moisture is directed by said gutter 20 and the inclined walls 21 and 22, said groove directing the water to a spout or drip 24 which in the present instance I form directly upon the edge of the side roof stones 4 and 5 and by reason of undercutting the same the water or moisture from the roof will be prevented from touching or reaching any other part of the cornice or walls. Said spout 24 is formed of the same material as that of the roof stones, is

grooves 23.

undercut, and may be made ornamental by curving the same in any desired manner if desired, it only being necessary at this point, or points where the said spout is to be situ-V ated, to leave a portion of the material when cutting the molding thereon.

As shown in Fig. 6 and as above stated, there are three gutters 20 formed in the present construction, the side walls 2l and 22 properly directing the moisture to the It will be seen that as the gutters 2O are counter-sunk the same will not interfere with the vision line and the ornamental and attractive appearance ofthe roof will not be destroyed in any manner. l

As above stated, the side roof stones form the full cornice at the lower edges thereof, above the frieze, and in order to ventilate the interior of the structure, I provide openings or vents 25 at intervals in the under surface of the roof stones 4 and 5, said openings being thus situated at a point as near the top of the interior as possible, thus obtaining the highest possible efficient ventilation. At the same time they can be made so small, that guards need not be used and as the passages are within the cornice, formed in the bottom of the roof stone, they will be hidden from view and. yet no moisture or water can pass therethrough and any number of these vents or openings can be made at any desired place.

I have found in practice, that in some cases where the overhanging lip 16 is employed at some distance below the ridge, that it is neeessary to protect the joint, formed between the two stones, as 5 and 18, in some manner to prevent the water and moisture, which willrun down the roof, from reaching the joint and to this end I provide a gutter or depression 26 which is so situated as to receive the water before it can reach the oint and direct the same over the lip into the gutter as 19. This construction is more clearly seen in Fig. 4, and it is to be noted that the gutter 26 extends in the upper face of the side roof stone at substantially the same angle or bevel at which the end of the lip extends.

While I have shown the parts as just described in one form it is evident that a greater or lesser number'of roof stones may be employed and that the side roof stone having the integral ridge thereon may be transposed and other slight changes may be resorted to, in the form, construction and arrangement of the several parts, without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention and I do not therefore, desire to be limited in every instance to the exact construction herein shownand described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, a combined side roof stone and ridge, the latter comprising a lip projecting from said side roof stone and of less length than the latter, a second side roof stone over which said lip projects and extensions on the upper ends of said side roof stone within which said lip is seated and concealed, whereby a straight vision line in all directions is presented and. but a single unbroken line joint isl visible.

2. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, a combined side roof stone and ridge, the latter comprising a lip projecting from said side roof stone and of less length than the latter, a second side roof stone over which said lip projects and extensions on the upper ends of said side roof stone within which said lip is seated and concealed, whereby a straight vision line in all directions is presented and but a single un. broken line joint is visible, in combination with a gutter in the upper portion of each of said stones with which said ridge coacts.

3. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the IOO IOS

IIO

like, comprising pediments, a combined side roof stone and ridge, the latter comprising a lip projecting from said side roof stone and of less length than the latter, a second side roof stone over which said lip projects and extensions on the upper ends of said side roof stone within which said lip is seated and concealed, whereby a straight vision line in all directions is presented and but a single unbroken line joint is visible, in combination with gutters 26 near the ends of said combined side roof stone and ridge, whereby water, moisture and the like are prevented from reaching said oint.

4. A roof stone having an abutting joint, a vision line, a roof gutter and a gutter leading backwardly from said vision line, behind said joint to said roof gutter.

5. In a side roof stone, an exposed longitudinal surface or vision line, means for protecting said exposed surface, consisting of countersunk grooves in the face of said exposed surface, and gutters between the vision lines of either end leading to said grooves, whereby water and moisture is directed from said vision lines to said grooves.

6. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, a side roof stone, a lip projecting from said side roof stone longitudinally and terminating a short distance from the front and rear' ends thereof, a second side roof stone over which said lip projects and an extension on said second mentioned side roof stone adapted to be seated at the ends of said lip and in front of the same.

7. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising p'ediments, a side roof stone, a lip projecting from said side roof stone longitudinally and terminating a short distance from the front and rear ends thereof, a second side roof stone over which said lip projects and an extension on said second mentioned side roof stone adapted to be seated at the ends of said lip and in front of the same and forming a beveled joint with said lip.

8. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, a side roof stone, a lip projecting from said side roof stone and terminating a short distance from the front and rear ends thereof, a second side roof stone, a gutter adjacent its upper edge and over which said lip projects and extensions on said second mentioned side roof stone adapted to form with said lip a beveled joint and being situated at the ends and in front of said lip.

9. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments7 side roof stones and a gutter formed in the upper face of each of said side roof stones adjacent the lower edge thereof, the upper portion of said gutter dying away or disappearing, whereby it does not detract from the upper surface of the stone, and a groove in each of said roof i i i i stones into which the said gutters are, adapted to direct the water, moisture and the like.

10. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, side roof stones, a gutter formed in the upper surface of each of said side roof stones adjacent the lower edge thereof, the upper portion of said gutter dying away or disappearing whereby it does not detract from the upper surface of the stone, a groove in each of said roof stones into which the said gutters are adapted to direct the water, moisture and the like, and a drip for receiving the water and moisture from each of said grooves for preventing said water and moisture from reaching the cornice and side walls of the structure.

ll. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, side roof stones, a disappearing gutter in the upper surface of each of said roof stones adjacent the lower edges thereof, said gutters terminating a slight distance from the front and rear ends of said roof stones, a groove for cach of said gutters adapted to receive the water and moisture therefrom, and a drip formed in the side edge of each side roof stone said drip being within the plane of the vision line of the side roof stone for receiving the water from each of said grooves and directing the same away from the cornice and side walls ol` the structure.

12. A roof for niausoleums, vaults and the like,comprising pedime'nts, side roof stones, a gutter in the upper face of each of said root stones adjacent the lower edges thereof, said gutters terminating a slight distance from the front and rear ends of said roof stones, a groove for each of said gutters :ulapted to receive the water and moisture therefrom and an undercut spout formed in the side edges ol' each of said roof stones, whereby the moisture and water received from said grooves will be directed away from the cornice and side walls of the structure.

1.3. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, and side roo' stones laid at an angle to each other, the latter having vents or openings formed in their undersides at suitable intervals and serving as ventilators for the interior of the structure whereby the vent is concealed and at the highest possible place.

14. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, a combined side roof stone and ridge, a lip projecting from said ridge, a second side .roof stone forming an arch with the first mentioned side root' stone and over which Said lip projects, said lip being within the plane of the surface ol' said side roof stone, whereby a straight vision line in all directions is presented and only one, joint is necessary, obviating the necessity of an ordinary third stone as commonly used, providing but a single oint/side roof stones co-acting with the iirst two mentioned side IOO roof stones, and overhanging lips and gutters common to said side roof stones at the joints or seams thereof. j

15. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, a combined side roof stone and ridge, a lip projecting from said ridge, a second side roof stone forming an arch Within the rst mentioned side roof stone and over Which said roof projects, said lip being Within the plane of the surface of said side roof stone,Whereby a straight vision line in all directions is presented and only one joint is necessary, obviating the necessity of an ordinary third stone -as commonly used, providing but a single oint, side roof stones co-acting With the first tWo mentioned side roof stones, overhanging lips and gutters common to said side roof stones at the joints or seams thereof, and a gutter formed above and adjacent each end of said lips for directing the Water and moisture into the gutters.

16. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, twov side roof stones forming an arch, a longitudinally eX- tending lip on one of said side roof stones, a gutter in the other side roof stone over Which said lip projects said gutter and lip terminating a short distance from the ends of their respective side roof stones, thereby preserving an unbroken vision line, and a gutter in said first mentioned side roof stone for directing rain, moisture, and the like away from the joint between the stone.

17. A rooil for mausoleuins, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, side roof stones, a

li on one of the side roof stones having beve ed ends and terminating a slight distance from the front and rear ends of the stone and an extension on the other si de rooi*I stone, being beveled to correspond to the bevel of the ends of the lip so as to formV a complete cover of the joint therebetween as in ordinary cases.

CHARLES E. TAYNTOR.

Witnesses

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