US844803A - Condenser. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907. N. H. HILLERh CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 1. 1906.

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PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907. N. H. HILLBR.

CONDENSER. APPLICATION FILED MAR.1,1906.

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UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CONDENSER- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 19, 1907.

Application filed March 1,1906. Serial No. 303,574.

To all who? it may concern.-

Be it known that I, NICOLAI H. HILLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Carbondale, in the county of Iiackawanna and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Condensers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to condensing or cooling coils for refrigerating-machines, and particularly to the double-pipe system, wherein two pipes, one within the other, and having an intermediate annular space, is I 5 used, the inner pipe for conveying the cooling medium and the outerintermediate space for the refrigerant gas or liquid.

The object of the invention is to circulate as large a volume of water and. gas

as practical and avoid excessive friction, and also to prevent leakage of the separable parts due to expansion or contraction of the connected parts; and the invention consists in passing the circulating water and 2 5 gas in separate streams and in opposite directions through groups of coils composed of the two pipes which connect, respectively, with separate gas and water headers at their extreme ends and having the return- 0 bends of the coils suspended, as hereinafter set forth.

To enable others to understand and use the invention, I will proceed to describe its operation in connection with an apparatus 3 5 as illustrated in the accompanying drawmgs, which form a part of this specification,

and wherein the constructive details willbe incidentally referred to.

Figure 1 is a side view of the apparatus, partly in elevation and section and showing portions of its interior construction; Fig. 2, a similar plan view; Fig. 3, an enlarged view, partlyin section, of tho return b end construction; and Fig. 4, an end view, in cross-section, of the headers or manifolds and pipe con nections on the line 2, Fig. 1.

The condenser herein shown is adapted to a four-pass system, but can be arranged for any number of passes desired.

In operation the gas enters through pipe G into the space 1 in the header A, Figs. 1 and 4, and is deflected by the diaphragm or partition 2 into the annular spaces 3 between the inner pipe 4 and. outer pipe 5, the' 5 5 gas from the space 1 of the header A flowing through one group of pipes in the three annular spaces 3 in parallel streams to and through the passage 6 of the return-bend and to the adjacent header A Figs. 2 and 4. From the header A the gas passes into the annular spaces 7 through the adjacent group of pipes, Fig. 4, in a reverse direction, as indicated by the arrows, and enters the space S of header A, and then passes out through exit-pipe X. The water-inlet is shown at IV, Fig. 1, connecting with the front header 11. The water entering the chamber Sof the header 11 is deflected by the diaphragm or partition 9, Fig. 1., and enters the interior pipes 1 in separate streams, as indicated by the arrows, then passes through the pipes 4 and return-bend 12 to the chamberN of the header 10, and out through the exit-pipe VW. The flow of the gas and water is in opposite directions, as shown by the arrows in Figs. 1 and 2, and during the operation the heat in the gas is imparted to the water, thus condensing the gas, which will readily be understood. In all operations of this character it is necessary to use a certain quantity of condensing-water, this quantity depending on the initial tcl'nperaturc of the water and quantity available. In the use of very warm water the quantity required is much greater than in the use of cold water.

In order to reduce frictional resistance, the water is passed in a separate stream through three coils, which in the particular structure shown form one of the groups. If, however, the water-supply is colder, it would be advantageous to reduce the maximum quantity of water and pass it through a group composed of but two of the coils, setting the diaphragm 9 in the water-headers accordingly. It is also possible to divide the flow of gas in the same manner by using a greater or less number of groups of the coils and plac ing the diaphragm 2 in the header A wherecver desired. By such modifications a condenser of this kind can be built for any required capacity by simply adding or reduc ing the number of the groups and coils used and changing the position. of the diaphragms. It will also be seen that though the incoming gas-headers and water-headers are rigid castings any contraction or expansion of either of the connected int :rnal pipes 4 or the external pipes 5 will be taken care of by the free and suspended return-bend construction of each coil.

In the sectional part of the view in Fig. 3 the connection of the outer pipe 5 is shown the drawings, like, for example, the screwplugs and opening in the header 10 opposite the circulating-tubes for the purpose of cleansing, &c.

The structure shown is differentiated from prior devices in that it has separate groups of coils of pipes which are rigidly connected to separate headers at the extreme end of the respective pipes of each coil, the return-bend of each of the coils being suspended and left free, and also wherein both the circulating mediums are passed respectively through the condenser in opposite directions and whereby the friction of the passing gas and water is reduced and danger of leakage through expansion and contraction of the connected parts practically avoided by the free movement permitted of the suspended return-bend of each coil.

I am not aware that a structure for this purpose has heretofore been devised wherein both the water and gas is passed through the condenser in separated groups of coils and both receive the advantage of counter-currents as in the present invention. Therefore What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s I 1. A condenser comprising separate groups of coils of circulating-pipes respectively connected with separate gas and water headers, each coil composed of sets of two pipes one placed within the other and forming a central' and an intermediate passage, the eX- treme ends of the pipes of each coil being connected with the respective gas and water headers and the return-bend of each coil left suspended as set forth.

2. A condenser for refrigerating-machines comprising separate groups, of coils of circulating-pipes connected, respectively, with separate gas and water headers, each coil composed of sets of two pipes placed one within the other and forming a central and an intermediate space, whereby one or a plurality of streams of water and gas may be passed through the group of coils separately and in opposite directions as set forth.

In testimony whereof I afl'iX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

NICOLAI H. HILLER. VTitnesses T. D. PAUL, D. N. LATHROPE.

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