US832486A - Railway-car frame. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED 001x 2, 1906.,

W. F. KIBSEL, JR. RAILWAY CAR FRAME.

APPLICATION FILED APB..14. 190B.

9 SHEETSSHEET 1.

I INVENTOR WWWQBRWJU BY 86W ATTORNEY TATAITAF m WEEK mw .Am

WITNESSES;

No. 832,486. PATENTED OCT. 2, 1906. w F KIESEL, JR RAILWAY GAR FRAME.

AP PLIUATION FILED APR. 14, 1906.

9 $HEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY n0 0 9 1 2 m U 0 D E T N B T A P H M JM MP m EC Y m WE A R 5 8 2 3 8 0- N APPLICATION FILED APR. 14 1906.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTOR \nmm a&m,5-. Y I C,

6 ATTORNEY WITNESSES:

PATENTED OCT. 2, 1906.

F. KIESBL, JR. RAILWAY GAR FRAME APPLIGATION FILED APR. 14. 1906.

9 SHEELTS-SHEBT 5.

i 23 INVENTQR l/aw I M M W ATTORNE e SHEETS-SHEET a.

PATENIED OUT. 2, 1906.

W. P. KIESEL, JR. RAILWAY GARFRAME.

, APPLICATION FILED APB..14. 190a.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY WITN ESES v w w g PATENTED OUT. 2, 1906.

W. F. KIBSEL, JR. RAILWAY GAR FRAME.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 14. 1906.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 7 um 1 mm...

INVENTOR KT TORNEY I PATENTED 0011. 2, 1906.

9 SHEETS-411E111 B.

'W. F. KIESEL, IA. RAILWAY GAR FRAME. APPLIGATION TILED APR. 14. 1906.

lNVENTOR (P A mfg ow o 0 or WATTIORNEYI WITNESSES N0. $32,486. PATENTED QUIZ-2, 1906.

w. F. KIBSEL, JR;

RAILWAY OAR FRAME. APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1906;

9 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

V IINVENTOR v X 6% W Y .A TORNEY- Unif'rnnsTA-Tns I PATENT enrich.

WILLIAM F. KIESEL, 3a,, OF ALTOONA PENNSYLVANIA.

RAILWAY-"CAR FRAME.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that '1, WILLIAM F. KIESEL,

J r., a citizen of the United States, residing-atv A1toona,.in the county of Blair and State-of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful. Improvements in Railway-Car Frames, of which the following is a spec1fication.

mail, and express service, my object being to for windowropenings' or side-door openings, said framework bein especially deslgned. with reference to app ying it to an underframe sup orted by a center sill without the use of bo ybolsters-such as'des'cribed in my Letters Patent No.'809,921, dated January 9,

The several features of novelty will be more fully described hereinafter and pointed out particularly in the claims.

L I attain my objectby constructing and arran ing the parts of theend and body framewor of the cars substantially as illustrated, [in the accompanying drawings, wherein I.

have illustrated my improvements applied to a baggage-car, and in which Figu're'l represents a side elevationof the complete car with one-half shown in central longitudinal section;- Fig. 2, a side-elevation,

'. on a larger scale,'.0 f a lEortion of the car, showing the outlines of t e side frame membersand the skeleton of the roof-frame Fig.

, 3, a plan view of Fig.2, showing the car-body in sectionon the line a a in Fig; 4'; .Fig. 4, a

transverse vertical section of the car-body on a still'largerso'ale and sectioned on line b1) in Fig. 3;Fig. 5, an end elevation of theucar,

' with parts-on the left-hand side sectioned ,on

. line c c in Fig, 6; Fig. 6, a planview of Fig.5 i the upper half of said figure'showing'a section .on the line d d in Fig; 7, Fig. 7 ,a'central longitndinal section of- Fig. 5; Fig. 8, a vertical section on the. line e e in Fig. 5 looking tothe right and drawn to'a still arger scale;- Fi

39, a plan view of one end of the center sil 'andfthe end casting projecting therefrom; Figs. 10, 1'1, and 12, details showing .a'front elevation, verticalhsection, and .rear elevar .tion, respectively, .j of theflup'per-deck. end

side plates and supports, 'Fig jllfbeing ajse'c- Specification of Letters Patent. application-filed April 14,1906. Serial Np. 311,715.

This invention relates to improvements in. .steel railway-cars adapted for passenger g 13,125. detail;

Patented ,Oct..2,'1 .906

showing one of the; pressed;nietal-'side casmgs for the end doors {Figs 14 and 15, details in, Fig. 14 beingasection on line =g 'gainFig. 5 and,Fig. j1 5asection on line h'h in Fig. 14; Fig, 16, a detail of'one 'of the upper-deck car.- line's, showing the mannerof applying f the 'roof and inside ceiling-boards 'theret0,-said Fig. 17, a partial view of the under side of said carline; Fig. 18, a' detailshowing the bolt and not for the ceiling clamp as applied to said 1' in Fig. 4, showing'the manner of reinf0rc tudinal brace members are applied thereto; Figs,'20 and 21, details showing the jackingcastings which complete the outer ends of the tical section on the line k k in Fig. 1.; Fig. 22, a detail showing a vertical section on the line Z Zin' Fig. 1 and illustrating the manner of attaching theside posts to the side sills and underframe cros'srbraces; Figs. 23to 26, inclusive, details showing the construction "of the. side frames where broken away for the side doors, Fig. 23 being a section on line mm in Fig. 2; Fig. 24, a similar section'lower down on the line 7L n in -Fig.. 26-; Fig. 25, a vertical section on line 0 o in Fig. 23, and Fig. 26 a vertical transverse section on line p p in Fig. 23-; Fig. 27, details showing a sec-- .tion of the side-door casings and the r rein- .forcin -eastings on line q g m Fig.4 ,Fig. 28, a modified form thereof Fig. 29, a plan view, side, and end elevation of one of, the upperdeck, side plates; Fig; 30,- similar views-of one/of the side-bearing braces employed where the car rests upon four-wheel trucks,

' the. side-bearing castings cannot 'be placed directlybeneath the main frame-posts; and Fig. 31, similar *views of one of the side-bearsa d braces. 1

Like numerals several viewsi l This car-body is, to be supported uporra;

steel underfi'ame similar in features of construction to that described in my Letters Patent No. 809,921, previously referred to, said nnderframe comprising a box-girder center sill 1, consisting voi a pair of i1 beams or ,channelsjjoihedatthe top andbottom by .carlines; Fig. 1-9, a cross-section on the line' such as described in my Letters Patent No. 800,921, dated October 3, 1905, and where designate like parts. in the.

showing the manner of building up the'cor her-posts and the remforcing-cast'ingstherefigure'being asection on line 'i '5, inFig. 4;

ing the upper-deck'carlines wherethe longicantaliver cross-bearers, Fig. 21 bein a verioo in castings employed in connection with coverplates and extending from end to end of the car. Near the ends the center sill is provided with center plates 2, where it rests upon the wheel-trucks. From the sides of the-center sill, at suitable points intermediate the ends-to properly support the car-body and transfer the 'welght thereof to the center sill, project crssbearers 3, 'consistingof' pairs of pressed-steel cantaliver-plates 4, the

- body is raised from ends of said plates being joined together byjacking-castings 5, upon whichrestthe side sills-6, for which sills 1 preferably use angle-- bars placed with'their vertical limbs turned outward. The castings 5 are cored out for lightness and ribbed across for strength,

their function being, in addition to complet ing the under sides the jacks whereby the entire carmay require, the construction of the carr'rame being such that the lifting force applied by the jacks to these castings will betransmitted throughout the'framew'ork without fear of straining the car-body in any art.

the ends of the car the side sills are joined to the center sill by transverse braces 7, which are preferably of channel form,- said cross braces being run out from'the center sill to the side sills at the points Where, the vertical frame-posts are secured thereto.

of U-shaped cross-section, bent inward at the to to form the lower deck carlines and provi ed with outside and inside cover-plates 9 and 10, said posts having been already described .b me in my Letters Patent No. 809,920, ated January 9, 1906. The lower ends of these posts riveted to the vertical limbs of the side sills 6, the outside cover-plates ,9 being carried.

' down and riveted in therewith at the outside I to the cross-braces taliver-plates' 4,

of the sills, as shown in Figs. 21 and 22. j The insidecover-plates 10 are eaI'Tieddown and flanged inwardly, said flanges being riveted 7 or where the posts rise from the jcross-bearers, to 'thecastings 5. The posts" are thereby firmly secured at their bases and braced against side or end displacecross-bearers, to receive upon their the trucks when occasion below the plates 18 ,the bottom of the car.

At intermediate points between the cross-" bearers and between the cross-bearers and (See Fig. 3.). These frame-postsS are of pressed steel are pressed inward and,

ssae'se and 40 "and the end sheathing-plates 17 where said sheathing pl ates are riveted to the Z- barS 12 and 13.. These corner-posts are reinforced at the bottom and top and at one or more intermediate points by flanged castings 14, the sheathing-plates and cover-plates being of light steel, preferably one-eighth of an inch in thickness. the Z'-bars'receive the inside finish of the car, whichmay be of wood, composite board, or corrugated steel.

Where the cars are to be supplied only with stub-platforms, I construct these stub-platforms so that they will also serve as the car- .body endv sills, building them up in boxgirder form on each side of the end castings 22, which project from the endsof the center sill.

The insideflanges of At each side of the end castings are horlzontal platform-plates 18, said plates being flanged downward at their outer. sides and ends and being secured at their ends to the corner-post Z-bars 13. At a-short distance are similar plates '19, the downturned flanges thereoflying flush with Said plates 18 and 19 are joined together at curved ends by cover-plates 20, riveted to their flanges, said cover-plates lapping over and being riveted to the vestibule-door-post flanges Where they are riveted to the end castings 22. To form the vestibule-doorway, I provide the -I-bar door-posts 24, the lower ends of which extend down to the under side of the end castings 22, with their webs riveted in between the upturned flanges 21 on plates 18 and 19 and the sides of the end castings, said end castings being provided with upturned flangesat23 to register with flanges 21 of the plates 18. The end sheathingplates 1-7 are riveted to the webs of the posts 24 by means of angles 25, and the lower ends of said sheathing-plates are riveted ,to the platform-plates18 by the transverse angles 27, said angles'27' also serving to stiflenthe inward sides of'said platform-plates. By this construction it will be seen that the corner-posts of the car are supported from the end castings by box-girder end sills, which also constitute the stubplatforms. Inside of the end sheathing-plates 17 diagonal Z-bars 29 are riveted, saidbars' extending from the foot of the posts 24'to the top of the corner-post Z-bars 13, thereby bracing the corner-posts at thetop against side racking strains. The corner-posts at their lower ends are further braced and transverse strains b the diagonal braceplates 28,which exten between the center sill and the plates18, the ends ofsaid diagonal braces being riveted to the center-sill flanges and to the. under side of the plates 18, below the angle-bars 27. For stiffness the brace-plates 28 are provided with downturned flanges along their sides.

'The vestibule-diaphragm is secured tothe the underside of their outer sides and loo 5 against longitudinal f outer flanges of the posts 24,'while to the inner flanges of said poststhere are secured the inward portions of the door-casing plates 26.

;- clearly in Fig. 13, the outer sides of the casings being riveted to the webs of the posts 24 in line with the sheathing-plates, 17 by'rneans of angles and the plates being bent around insidethe car and-pressed inward at .26,

I sheets 33.

y from the outs-flanges of the Z-bars 12 out overthe. posts .24 in line with the outer flan es where they are .rivetedto the inward flanges of the posts. The plates are bent away again from the posts and flanged at 26 to overlap the inside finish. The casing-plates are also provided withrabbets for the door. Threshold-plates 30 pass across between the lower ends of the casings26. said'plates resting at the dutside upon the end castings-22 and upon thbi'nside upon angles 31, riveted to the inward flanges of posts 24,- which angles also support the car-floor. The door.

ways are completed by pressed-steel lintels 34 passing across between theupper endsof the casings 26 and fastened alongtheir upper edges by angles 35 to the platform-ceiling piece, flanged upwardly along their outer and lnner edges-x their inner sides extending straight across between the corner posts and their outer sides beingcurved so as to pass of said posts, The ceiling-sheets are aso curved upwardlyfronlthe sides of the car to 'the center and are riveted to the upper ends of'th'e posts 24 by means of angles 32, being posts are. fiIle secured in place at their outer ends by means of the venticaltop end plates 36, which are,

"riveted to the outer flanges ofthesheets and are bent around the corners of the car inline with the top side plates '38, to which theyar'e united by splice-joints at39. (See Fig. 2.)

The lower edges of these top end plates. are 45 reinforced by angles 3.7. The endsheathing plates 17 rise to theceiling-platesj33 and are riveted thereto by means of angles 43.

.The-sides/ofthe car between the frame ing-plates 16 and;an upper row'of sheathingplates40, saidplatesj'vbeing riveted at their upper sheathing-plates.

side of the sheathing-plates ,16 and 40 and "extend fromthe bottom oi the corner-posts: to the top ofthe fiist main posts, thereby bracing the end panels ofthe car against end thrust,

--. Along the 'upper. sides ot the car-continw:

" 'oustop-side, plates 38'extend frornjend-t'o n bemg 1 stated, to the end top plates 3. These topmed at their ends, as -already These ceiling-sheets 331are' of one d in by'a lower fow 'of sheathside plates are of light metal, being preferably one-eighth of an inch thick,'and are reinf forced'at their top and bottom edges by an Y shown more clearly in Fig. 4. -The-outside coVer-plates9 are carried up back of the top side plates and are riveted in between said plates and thefpos-ts, as will be seenfroin an inspection of" Fig. 2. p

The roof structure consists, primarily, of the continuous angle-bars 45, extending from one end of" the car to the other, the ends of said angles being attached to and supported by airs of triangularbracket-plates 44, riveted to the ceiling-sheets 33, the particular form of these 'plates being shown more clearly in Figs. 8, 10,- 11, and 12. The angles havebroad horizontal limbs, slightly curved, and narrower vertical limbs, the dimensions for these angles which I have adopted being six inches by two inches To the horizontal limbs of these angles the cantaliver carline ends'of the main posts 8 are riveted, and irorntheir vertical limbs, between the ends are curved downwardly to the top end plates 36 and have their vertical limbs riveted'in between the bracket-plates 44.

In the anglesflbetween the upper-deck an:

gles 49. andthe longitudinal brace-angles 45 at the'ends of the car are upper-deck end side plates -46, consisting of single plates of. steel pressed into the-form shown more fully in Figs. 10 to 12,: inclusive. These plates are pressed outwardly along their upper curved edges at.48 and have rivetedthereto the up-- per-deck side, angles 49 Along their lower edgesthe plates are flanged outwardly at 50 to overlap the. lower decki roof, which latter restsnpon the lon itudinal brlace angles 45. At their inward en s the plates 46 are pressed inwardly-at 51 andprovlded with the vertie cal flanges 52, to which are secured the ends of the uppende'ck sashes 63. Theplates 46 strains. The upper-deck. side angles 49 at are supported from the braceeangles 45 by v 'means of plates 47., and by means of this con-,

struction the-ends of the brace-angles 45 and.

the upper-deck side angles are securely fastened together and braced one by the/other and through the bracket-plates 44am firmly secured toand braced by the .c'ar end frame- 7 work.

- Atthesidesof eachofthe'f iP ti -seek earlines "side plates 5,7 correspon g i i-shape;

with the end side plates 46 are riveted, their outpressed upper ends 5h receiving and sup porting the uppehdeck angles 49 These upper-deck side plates are pressed inwardly at each side'at 5i) and vertically flanged at to receive the upper-deck sashes 63. At their lower edges they are outwardly flanged at 61 to overlap the lower-deck roof and form a watertight joint therewith. One of these upper-deck side plates is fullyillustrated in Fig. 2E). Tie-plates 62 unite the upper ends of these side plates to the carl'ines to further brace the overhang.

At intermediate points between the upperdeck side angles 49 angle-bar braces 53 (four in number in the car herein illustrated) ex tend from the first upper-deck carlines down to'the end top plates 36, said angles being curved to conform with the contour of the upper-deck roof at the car ends. These angles are secured to the ceiling-sheet 33 by means of the flanged gusset-plates ,54, and they serve both as roof-supports and as additional braces against end strains. At their inward ends the angles 53 are riveted to the flanges of the upper-deck carlines' 55, said upper-deck carlines being of U-shaped crosssection, with their flanged sides placed outward, as described in my said Letters Patent No. 809,920. Between the'upper-deck carlines throughout the length of the car horizontal angle-bar bracesf56 are rivetedin line with the end braces 53, thereby providing continuous lines of horizontal braces from end to end of the car-roof. The upper-deck carlines are pressed into shape from light steel plates, and in order to prevent the side webs of the carlines from being pressed together under end shock I introduce spacers in line with each series of angle-braces be tween the Webs of the carlines, said spacers consisting of pieces of half-inch gas-pipe 64, with bolts or rivets passed through the carlines to hold them in place. (See Fig. 19.)

The inside finish or ceiling boards are secured to the upper-deck carlines 55, as shown in Fig. 16, by means of' clampingstrips 65, which are attached to the carlines by means of bolts 66, the shanks of said bolts being provided with cars at 67 (see Fig. 18) to enga e notched holes 68 (see Fig. 17) provided therefor in the cross-web of the car- 'lines. By these means the bolts are locked against turning in the earlines when the nuts 69 are set up to secure the clamping-plates in place. The nuts 69 used for this purpose are cap-nuts and will be finished on their exposed surfaces and oxidized or otherwise treated in order to provide, together with beaded clamping-strips, an ornamental interior finish. The roof-boards are fastened outside of these upper-deck carlines by means of button-head bolts 70, passing through the carline-flanges, with the nuts set up from the under side of said flanges. The roof-boards for the lower deck will be fastened to the cross-webs of the carline extensions from the main posts 8 by bolts in a similar manner.

Where the openings are made for the side doors, the side frames must be so strengthened and supported as to avoid Weakness in the car-body at these points. To attain the nec essary strength and support, preferably locate these doors so as to come over. or at one side of the cross-bearers. In the doorconstruction herein illustrated the door is of such a width as to fill one of the panels-between the main-frame posts 8, and I locate the crossbearers 3 in position to have the posts toward the ends of the car resting directly thereon. 1 also provide an additional crossbearer at the. center of the car to support the car-body between door-openings, To

strengthen the side sills at the door-o enings, 1 provide a box-girder construction )et'ween the door-posts, the details of which are more fully illustrated iIrFigs. 23 to 26, inclusive.

This consists of a sill-plate 73, riveted :30 the side sill and bent inward at the top to form a threshold, the inner edge at 74' overlapping the carfloor. Inside of the sill-plate is a supporting-plate 76, flanged along its lower edge and secured to the side sill 6 by means.

of thecover-plate 78 This plate 76 is pressed inward between the posts 8 and flanged at "79 to form a rest forthe, threshold portion ofthe sill-plate 73, there being riveted in between said flange and. the sill-plate a floorsupporting plate 80 of Z-shaped cross-section. The ends of the plate 76 extendout vertically at 81 to overlap the posts 8, being riveted thereto and'to the inside cover-plates 10. By this construction it will be seen that I have provided a strong box-girder support extending between the door-posts at the base of the doorway. At the top of the doorway loo the posts are joined together by a channel lintel-plate 90, having its outside flange riveted to the lower edge of the top ide plate 38', and at the inside the door-frame isfurt'her strengthened by the Z-bar 91, which extends across between posts above the lint-e'l and serves as a track for the door-hangers. (See Fig. 4.) It will also be understood that the longitudinal brace-angles 45,, together with the top side plates 38, act in conjunction with the cantaliver-carline ends of the main posts to supply the necessary strength to the earfranie over the door openings.

The side door-casings for the doorways consist of pressed plates 82, the outward sides of which act as cover-plates for the posts 8 and have riveted thereto the sheathwith flanges at 84, to which 73pm way up the casingplates ;82, "theseiprotecting-platesbeing'pressed outward at.

their lower ends at '86 to overlap upturned flanges 75 on the sill-plate 73, thereby formv ing'" water-tight joints at these points and further binding the sill-plate to r the frameposts. The" door-casings are further strengthened by reinforcing-castings 87, (see Fig. 27,) riveted in between the casing-plates 0 82 and the side webs of the posts8, these reinforcing-castings being located where the handheld-rods, &c., are attached and at intervals apart suflicient to add :the necessary strength 'and- "support to the -casing-plates.

(See Figs. 4 and 27.)

Should the doorways utilize one ofthe posts for a door-post and construct the other door-post in the manner.

l illustrated in Fig: 28, wherein a vertical flanged plate 88 takes, theplace of thepost 8,

' the casing-plate 82 being riveted to the outer and inner flanges of said post, and being fur- I thersecured thereto by means of reinforcingcastings -89i This construction may be 'utilized in'the narrow doorways for postal cars andi-the 'like,'and if the doorwaymust be so located that the mainframe-posts 8 can be;

utilized for neither of the door-posts then C 1' both posts-will be formedas illustrated in Fig. 28, the boX-girder-sill construction rereaming 'tl1e,'-same-. Where narrow doorways areprovided, as in postal cars, hinged doors may: be used instead of the sliding .as shown'inthe end'door-casings.

W here this car is used in connection with,

: four-wheel trucks and said trucks are so 10 4 as will be seen from an inspection of Fig. l?"

I "fAt the upper end the side webs and flanges I, 5 5 of the brace are pressed outward into; line with the cross-web at 96, and this portion is I riveted in between thebelt-strip' A1 'and'a reinforcing T-bar Q7,. riveted in between posts Y to 'further stiffen the side panelsat" these I do points. These reinforcing T-bars '97 are furtherused to stiffen the panels where the win dew-openings occur, and in the baggage-car these Wind0w-openings will be framed in by' one-piece casing-plates 98 and 99, said casing- 6 5 platesbeing pressed toZ-shap'ed cross-section,

be narrower. the. panels between the main frameposts, I may 5 .doors here shown, in which case the casing- 4 plates'82 will have rabbets pressed therein,

.illnstration. In fact I Patent, is'

flangesofj the plate 99' over-- lapping and being'riveted to'the sheathingplates 4O and the inside flanges of the plates 98'overlapping the inside finish. The abutting flanges of these plates are provided with re istering bolt-holes through which pass the be ts by which'the window-sash are permanently secured in place in the window-frame.

The frame-plates 9'8 mayalso be provided with gratingeds to protect the window-glass from the inside. v

" The flooring for this'type of car'consists of I corrugated plates/100, laid transversely acrossthe ear'upon longitudinal joist-plates 101 and 1 02,' rive t to the center-sill and to the .main.frame-postsf'Ehe joists 101 are formed from Z-bars and the joists 102 from channel-bars; Above the floor-plates there is a plastic filling 103, over which are laid floor-boards 104. Below' the floorplates .are subfloor-boards 105, arranged in .two rows on each side; of the ear, said boards resting with their inner ends upon thecove'rplate of the center sill and being held thereon].

by means of lips 1'06, pressed ou'tfrorn th .webs of the joists 101. (See Fig;.4;) The outer ends-of the boards rest upon the lower flanges of the joists 102a11dare-secured in place by similar lips 10 6,pressed outfrom'the webs of said joists.

of the subfloor board's'have attached to them The intermediate ends angles 1 08 by bolts or rivets, and said angles are bolted to the lower ends of longitudinal angle-plates 107 riveted to the fioor plates 100..- The spaces between the floor-plates filled with mineral wool or other material, as

and the subfloor may be air-space or maybe desired, and the subfloor-boards may .be. readily removed or replaced for repairs or other purposesby simply unbolting the angles 108 fromthe hanger-plates 10' 7 anddropping the subfloor-boards out of engagement withthe joists 101 and 102.

Wh le 'I have described improved framework in connection with a baggage-car, it will ho-understood that the "principal features'tliereof, especially the skeletonframework, may be applied to all cars for passem 'ger service,

1passenger, .postal,- and express rs, as Wel.

as the ba gage-car taken for havealready shown the framework as applied to "passenger-cars in my'copending applications, Serial Nos. 303,405 and 304,534, filed Februar-yQS and March '6, 1906,respectively., The c'ar-side's door frames asca'lled for in the different tyes between the main"frameposts-will-be modi- 1 had to receive thediiferent window or side of car, and the side.bearingswill bemodi edto meet the requirements where four-wheel or six-wheel trucks are used.

What I claim, therefore, as my invention without confining" myself to any particular type of car, and desire to secure by Letters r '1 In a car-frame" constructed without body-bolsters, thelcomb'ination; with a cen the side sills in line with eaoli pair of o posite? a series of posts'rising from thesideisills',

cross-braces extending. from the center- Sill fiQ posts carlines; connecting onp site posts,- top side lates riveted 110 131161 postsiat their upp P o a d n u in bra -membe 'extendm between the carlines throughout the lengt' of-the car;

2. In a afar-frame construeted without bodybolsters, the combination, With a center-sill and side SlllS supported thereby upon cross.-

1 bearers projeetingfrom the sides of the center sillat, points intermediate theiend's, of a d J series of posts rising from the side, sills, lowerdeck] carlines 'forrnedi ,h'yjinturned "exten sions from: said posts, continuous longitudi- 1 n'albrace member's: riveted to thejends. of said carline extensions, upper 7 (look carlines riv eted to said longitudinal braces in line" with of, longitudinal angles having broad horizonolpposite posts, crossbraees "extending from t e center sill'to the side sills in line with each pan of opposlte posts, top side plates riveted to: the" "osts at their upper ends where the 'lowereck carllnes spring therefrom, and intermediate longitudinal'brace members extendi throu houtthe length oft ecar.

3. n a car-frame, the combination,'with the side sills, of postsrising therefrom and havin lowerdeck carlines formed by inturne extensions from the upper ends therebetween the up er-deidk carlines tal limbs riveted to the inward ends of said 'carlin'es on each side of the car, and upperdeck carlines passing across between opposite posts and riveted to the verticallimbs of said angles.

4. In a car-frame, the combination, with the vup er and lower deck carline's, of longitudina brace-angles to which said carlines are attached-at their oints of juncture,said brace an leshaving road horizontal limbs to provid I end frames.

5. In a car-frame, the combination, with the frame-posts having lowtr-deck carlinesw tformed byinturned extensions from the up-i, per ends thereof, of longitudinal brace angles riveted to the ends of said carline extensions at each side-bf the car,u.pper-deck earlines.

rivetedto said=braceangles between, opposite lower-deck carl ines, up er-deck side angles attached to the up er eck carlinesnand' top side platesrivete to the spring of the lower-deck car ines, said braceangles, s de angles and side plates extendin contlnuously from end to end of the car an being joined together and braced. at'their ends by the car end frames.

carlines,

e transverse stiffness and being sup? ported and braced at the ends from the car j so Y osts "below the 6, In a car-frame, the combination, with theendframes having platform ceiling-sheets, ofbracket platesrisin therefrom in line with 'the points of juncture etw'een the upper and lower deck carlines, continuous brace-an les having their ends su orted by said rackets, and the upper,and l ower' deck 'carlinesf-jined to said; brace-angles at theii' points of jnnetu're. j I "7i In a car-frame', thecombination, with the endframeshav'in platformceiling-sheets, of pairs-of raeket-jfiates rising therefroin in linewith-theP fof jurietnrebetween the a g upper and lflwii deck Qar'lines, longitudinal brace-angles havingitheir ends'sup orted by said brac et-' lates,jandupper-decii side angles-"havingt eir endsieurveddown to the ceiling sheets and secured between the bracket-plates. I r

8.- In a ear-frame, the, combination, with the-end frames, of longitudinal brace-angles supported thereby in l me 'with the points of juncture; between'the upper and lower deck u H (er-deck side angles positioned above said brace-angles, and deck-end side 0 plates riveted in between said brace-angles andside angles at the ends of the car.- v 9. 111 near-frame, the combinatiom'with the end frames having platform ceiling-sheets f B3, of the bracket pairs 44 rising therefrom, '95 longitudinal brace-angles 45 having their ends-riveted to "said bracket pairs, upper deck side angles '49 having their ends curved down to the. ceiling-sheet and riveted-inbetween the bracket pairs, and the deck-end 10o side plates 46 riveted in between the braceangles and side angles at the ends of the car, all substantially as herein shown and ,described: i

lOyThe deck-end side plates of pressed r05 steel, triangular in form, curved along their j Supper edges, pressed-outwardly and flanged along said edges to receive the u per-deck side angles, outwardly flanged a ong' their bottom ed 'es to overlap the lower-deck roof, 1 16 r and pressed inwardly and flanged along their vertical edges to receive the upper-deck sashes. 11. In a car-frame comprising posts having lower-deck carlines, projecting from the upper'ends thereof and upper-deck-carlines passing across between; opposite lower-deck carlines,- the combination therewith of continuous longitudinal brace-angles riveted to sa'idcarlines at their points of juncture, up- I per-deck side plates riveted to thefuppe'r-deck 3 carlines, upper-deck side. angles-riveted to the upperends of said (platesand extending conftinuously from'en to end of the car, deck-v end side platesjoi'ning the Side angles to the .125 brace angles at the ends of the car, and supportingbrackets whereby the side and braceanglesiare united'to thecarilend frames. l g 12. The upper deok side plates ooinprisin vertical plates pressed outwardly andfianged l Q 'members. u a

' at their upperends to receive the'u' per-deck' side angles, outwardly flangedat t e bottom. to overlap theloweredeck roof, and pressed inwardly and fianged along their vertical sides to receive the upper-deck sashes. p

13. The combination, with the upper-deck carlines of U-s haped' CIOSSj-SQCtlOH, oi longi-- tudinal brace members extending between carlines and riveted to the flanges thereof, and spacers positioned between the uvertical webs. of the carlines inlin'e with said bra'ce 14. In a car ir ame, the combination with the posts and upper and lower deck carlines,

of longitudinal brace-angles *riveted to the carlines at their peints of juncture, platform ceiling-sheets'pas'smg across between the corner'posts at each end of the.car, to which the 'ing-sheets.

ends :of said brace-angles are secured, top. side platesriveted to the. posts, .top end plates passing around the ceiling-sheets'and joined to the top side plates, and longitudinal bra'c e members joining the upper-deck can lines, said brace members at the ends of the car being bent down and-rivetedtothe ceil- 15. In a car-frame, the combination, with a centei sill and angle-bar side sills, of frameposts having a U-shaped cross-section placed with their flanged sides inward and having theiricross-webs' at the base riveted inside.

the vertical limbs :ofthe side sills,- cross braces extending out from the center sill and riveted at their out-er ends to the under side of the horizontal "limbs of the side sills be- Y neath the posts, oiitside cover plates riveted to thecross-webs-oi the posts and extending down and riveted in with the posts outside the side sills, and inside cover-plates riveted to the post-flangesand having their lower ends flanged and riveted to the cross-braces.

16. In acar-irame, the corner-posts comprising pairs of Z-bars placed with their webs at right angles and their outside flanges turned toward'oneanother, curved coverv plates riveted to said outside flanges, and

spaced reinforcing-castings riveted in .be-

,tween the webs and cover-plate.

17. In-a car side frame, the combination, with a side sill and posts rising therefrom, of outside cover-plates riveted to the posts, a topside plate riveted to the posts at their upper ends outside the cover-plates,- up r and 4' ower sheathing-plates overla ping t e side sill at-the'botto'm and over apped by the cover-plates and top side plate at the ends and top, longitudinal s lice-plates uniting the upper and lower s eathing-plates .between cover-plates, and reinforcing T bars placed inside said splice-joints where the up-. persheathing-plates are cut for window-open mgs.

18. In a car side frame, the combination,

with a side sill and posts risin therefrom, of a light continuous top side p ate riveted to upper ends 26! The acking-castiiigs5 the posts at their upper-ends, lower-deck carlines formed by inturned extensions from the broad horizontal limb brace-angle having a of said carlines riveted to thevi'n'ward ends of the posts, and a longitudinal and extendingcontinuously from-end to end .of the car. I

19. In a car side iranie,.the combination,

with a side sill and posts rising therefrom, of

a light top side plate riveted'to the posts-at their upper ends and reinforced along its topand bottom edges, lower-deck carline'sjiprojec'ting inward from the upper ends of the posts, and a longitudinal brace-an a bi'oad horizontal limb riveted tot e inward ends of said carlines,' said'side-pIate and brace-angle extending continuously from end'to end of the car andbeing united to the car end frames at each end thereof.

20. In a car side frame, the-combination,

with a' side sill and an outsidesheathingplate rising therefrom, o f'a side bearing-cast-' le having ing riveted to the under side of the side sill and projecting inwardly-therefrpm; anda vertical brace member riveted inside the sheathing-plate. and having its lower end bent around the side sill andriveted to said casting.

21. A car side frame comprising a side sill,

posts rising therefrom, sheathing-plates be- Q5 tween posts riveted to the side'sill, side bearjin s attached to the underside of the side sil over the wheel-trucks between'posts, and

vertical braces ex'tendin from saidbearmgs upward inside the sheet ing plates and riveted thereto.

'- 22. The side bearing casting 92. having the I brace-webs95 substantially as herein shown and described. I '23. The side 24. In a car-frame of the type described, the combination,'withthe cross-bearers, of

j ticking-castings riveted in therewith where the cross bear'ers receive the side sills.

I bearingebrace 93, of U-shaped cross-section pressed nto, the form substantially as herein shown and described.

25. In 'a car-frame of the type described, I

the combination,-with' the cross-bearers comshown and described.

4 27. In a car-frame, an upper-deck roof "comprising cailinesof U-shaped cross-sec tion having their side webs flanged and placed with said fianges'facing outward, and the roof-sheathi 'secured thereto by bolts passing through t e flanges and set up from the inside. 7 28. In a car-frame havi lines of U-shaped cross-section, the combinaupper-deck cartion therewith of ceiling-clampingstripssecured tothe carlines by bolts passing through the cross-webs thereof. 29. The combination with a carlme havn'ig an lnsl-de cross-web, of a series of bolts projectinglthrough said'web and secured against turning therein, a ceiling-clamping 'strip .throug 1 which said bolts pass, and cap-nuts on the bolts to hold said strip in place.

30. In a car side frame, the combination, with a sheathing-plate having a wrndow opening therein, of an outside metal'franie of Z-shaped cross-section.having its outer flanges overlapping and riveted to the sheathing-plate, and a corresponding inside fI'flJ'flO of Z-shaped cross-section having its inner flanges overla )pingt he inside car finish, the

abutting flanges oft-he two frames being provided with registering holes to receive bolts whereby the sash is secured in place.

3]., A car-frame comprising side sills supported from a center sill by cros'sbearers, and having side doorways positioned over or directly adjacent the cross-bearers, substantially as herein shown and described.

32. A car-frame comprising side sills supside sill at the bottom and to the threshold portion of the door-sill plate at the top.

34. In a car-frame, the combination, with w an adgle-bar side sill having its vertical limb place outward, of a side-door framecomrismg posts IlSlIlg from the s de $111 back ofits vertical limb, a door-sill plate riveted to theioutsideof the side sill between posts and bent inward atthe top to form a'threshold, a. plate riveted. to and passing across between '5 posts at the inside, said plate being pressed outward between posts, flanged along its up per edge andrivetcd to the threshold portion of'the sillpl ate, anda cover-plate riveted to the horizontal limb of the side sill and to a flange at the lower edge of-said'inside plate.

35. In m-side-door-franie for railway-cars, the'combination, with the-side 'silland the posts risin therefrom, of a'door-sill comprisin the sil -plate 73 riveted outside the s ide sil, the inside-plate 76 passing across he'- tween posts and pressed to the forin substantially as herein shown and described, the

i v floor-su porting plateSO, and the bottom cover p ate 78.

ceases 36. In a side-door frame for railwa -cars, the combination,'with a side sill 'a'n posts rising therefrom,- of a sill-plate rivetedto the, side sill between posts and bent ,inwardto form a threshold, said threshold portion being flan ed upwardlyat each end, and side casing-p ates, attached to the posts and pressed outward where they meet the thresis old to overlap said flanges; V

37. In a side-door frame-for I'flllWflY-QBIS',

the combination, with a side sill and posts rising therefrom, of a door-sill g to the side sill betweenposts, an plates comprising outside cover-plates for the late riveted side casing posts adapted to receive the outside sheathing-plates, said casing-plates being cut at the bottom to fit the sill-plate and beingbent in' ward above the sill-plate and flanged along I their inward edges to overlap the inside fin ish. I

38. In a side-door frame for railway-cars,' the combination, with pressed-steel door postshaving inside cover plates riveted thereto, of side casing-plates comprising outside oover plates riveted to the posts and bent inward to meet the inside cover-plates,

the inside cover-plates being flan ed along their edges-to recelve the casing-p ates, and I said casing-plates being flanged along their inward edges to overlap the inside finish.

39, Ina side-door frame for railway-cars, the combination, with the posts and a sillplate having a threshold portion provided with upturned flanges at each end, of ca'singplates bent around and riveted to the-posts, and protective plates rising part way up the casing-plates from. the sill-plate, said protective plates being pressed outward at the.

bottom to overlapthe threshold-flanges.

40. Ina side-door frame for railway-cars, the combination, with the posts and a sill .plate, of side casing-plates comprising out.- side cover-plates riveted to the posts and bent inward above the sill-plate,.atop side plate passing across the upper ends of "the posts outside the upper ends of the casingplates, and a channel lintel-plate fitted be tween the, casing-plates and riveted'to'the lower edge of the top side plate.

41. In a car having a continuous center sill, an end frame com rising an end castin projecting from the en of the center sill, end

doorposts rising from the sides of said end casting,- horizontal end-sill plates projectinglaterally from the end casting, cornerosts rising from the outer ends ofthe sill-p ates,

and a ceiling-sheet passing across between cornerposts and.hav1ng the door-posts riv-uetedtheretoJm 42. In a car having a continuous center sill, an end frame-comprisim an end casting projecting from the end of the center sill, I-

ar door-posts fitted to the sides of-the end casting and having their webs riveted thereposts riveted thereto, and end sheathing plates extending fromthe door-post webs to the corner-posts and from the end-sill plates to the ceiling-sheet.

43. In a car having a continuous center sill and end castings projecting therefrom,

plates and to the end casting from the the end-sill construction comprising upper and lower horizontal sill-plates rojecting laterally from the sides of the en castings, to which they are riveted, and outside coverplates riveted to the flanged edges of said 44. In a car having a contmuous center sill and end castings projecting therefrom, the end sillscomprising horizontal plates projecting laterally from the sides of the end castings, and diagonal brace-plates extending center sill to the outer ends of said plates.

45. In a car having a continuous center sill and end castings projecting therefrom, the end frames comprising door-posts having web portions riveted to the sides of the end castings, horizontal plates projecting laterally from the end castings and riveted in with the door-posts, corner-posts rising from the outer ends of said plates, end sheathingplates riveted between the door-post Webs and the corner-posts adjacent the inside edges of said horizontal plates, whereby the projectin portions of said plates will serve as stubatforms, and ceiling-sheets passing across between the corner-posts and project- 'ing out over the door-posts, the upper ends of which are riveted thereto.

46. In a car having a contmuous center sill and end castings projecting therefrom, the end frames comprising doorosts havin Web portionsrive'ted to the si es of the en castings, horizontal platform-plates rojecting laterally from the end castings an riveted in with the doorosts, corner-posts rising from the outer en s of said plates, and diagonal braces extending from the door-posts at their lower ends to the corner-posts at their up er ends.

47. T e end castings havinglateral wings adapted at their extremities to have door-- posts attached thereto substantially as herein shown and described.

48. The combination, with the webbed door-posts, of the casing-plates 26 having their outside portions riveted to the postwebs and their inside portions riveted to the post-flanges.

49. The casing-plates-26 having the inside and outside portions connected by a curved and rabbeted cross-web, the inside portion being outwardly channeled at 26 for t1" purpose set forth.

50. The combination, with a car-frame center sill, depressed side sills and posts for the sides rising from the side sills, of floor-platesresting on longitudinal joists comprising Z-bars riveted to the top of comprising a the center sill at each side and channels riveted to the posts, longitudinal hangers depending from the floor-plates between the center sill and side sills, angle-bars secured to' the lower edges thereof, and subfloors resting upon said angles, upon the center sill and upon the bottom flanges of the side channels, the webs of the Z-bars and channels having tongues pressed out therefrom and bent down to engage the upper sides of the floors.

51. The combination, in a car-frame, of transversefloor members resting upon longitudinal frame members, longitudinal h angers depending from said transverse'members between the longitudinal members, longitudinal subfloor-supports in line with the longitudinal frame members provided with sockets to receive the ends of subfloor members, and the subfloor members adapted to have one end thereof inserted in said sockets and the other end removably attached to the longitudinal hangers.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

- WILLIAM F. KIESEIS, JR. Witnesses:

F. N. PARIS, J. O. STORM.

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