US830204A - Method of making hollow objects, conduits, &c. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED SEPT. 4, 1906.

J. M. BOYLE. METHOD OF MAKING HOLLOW OBJECTS, GONDUITS, 6:0.

- INVENTOR J1me; 771,50 /e APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 21, 1905.

WITNESSES."

ATTOR/VEY5.

, UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEmE.

JAMES M, BOYLE, on NEW YORK, N. r nssienoe OF ONE-HALF TO F. w. ROLLER, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

METHOD OF MAKING HOLLOW OBJECTS,'CONDUITS, 800- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 4, 1906.

Application filed September 21, 1905. Serial No. 279.389.

To all whom it may concern: i Be it known that I, JAMES M. BOYLE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, (whose posto1lice address is 203 Broadway,) have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Methods of Making Hollow 0 jects, Conduits, &c., of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to the manufacture of hollow objects, such as pipes, tubes, or conduits or posts, columns, or cylinders having an internal bore.

The principal of the invention depends upon the capability of the inflated distensible body of flexible material to serve as a core or inner mold for a plastic material which is applied to the exterior thereof and allowed to iardcn, the fluid- )ressure in the mold being afterward release The invention consists in the methods of making hollow objects or, specifically, continuous conduits or of continuously making separate conduits, all as more particularly set forth in the following specification, and pointed out in the claims.

The object of the invention is, among other things, to remove certain objections incident to the present constructions and methods of laying, and more'particularly to avoid the. presence of joints at frequent intervals, such as are found in conduits builtup from short sections of previously-manufactured tile or.

earthenware or other duct laid end to end in a trough or trench, to eliminate the necessity for using manholes, junction-boxes, or short junction-sections where there is a sudden change of directionas, for instance, where there is a sudden large change of gradeand to secure other advantages in the completed or laid conduit, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

While my invention is applicable to conduits laid under ground or under water; it is also useful-in the making and laying or installing of conduits in other 'situationsas, for instance, in building or other structures. In the following description, however, the invention will be described in connection with the laying and making of an underground conduit.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a general side elevation and diagrammatic view illustrating the method of using appapreventing it trough, in this case dug in the earth, the surface of which is indicated by the line 2.

3 indicates the flexible tube, which, in the best manner of carrying out my invention, is also collapsible. said tube is -preferabl made, therefore, of some rather thin flexib e material, which is also preferably an insulatoras, for instance, rather thin tough paper, which should be as thin as practicable and which may be treated to give it a lubricating-surl'ace on its interior or to renderi t waterproof. When made ofcollapsible material, Said tube .may be compactly wound upon a reel 4, mounted on a suitable portable stand 5, and may be paid out from said reel through suitable compression devices, which will act as a closure to prevent the air or other fluid 'under pressure in the paid-out portion from 'Working back into the reeled portion of the tube. As a convenient means for maintaining such compression I show a ,air of comression-rolls 6, which may also e feed-rolls, or drawing the tube off thereel through the application of power applied to the feed-rolls from a crank 7, belted up to said rolls.

For the pu ose of distending the tube or om collapsing by the pressure of cement I prefer to employ air-pressure, which may be obtained from a suitable tank 8, located in' any convenient position and kept supplied with airfrom the pipe 9, joined to a proper compressor. From the tank 8 theair is conveyed to the tube from a pipe 9,

furnished at its end with a, suitable plug or coupling 10, adapted to form an air-tight connection with theend of the tube 3, which by preference is the end where the constru 0- tion is started. The cement forming the structore of the completed tube is indicated at 11. In the operation of the apparatus and assuming that the construction is started from the end 3 of the tube 3 there would be first provided, preferably, a bed of suitable material upon which the tube would be laid as it is paid out from the reel 4. This bed may be a layer of cement of the same kind as the bed of cement which is subsequently filled around the tube, Any desired length v sure from the tank 8. After a predeterthe air or other distending fluid may be aldesired cement-11 is filled in or poured in tained until the cement has set sufliciently to feel or rame 5 and then moving the latter very large capacity or to substitute a full reel of tube 3 maybe laid by moving the portable reel to the required positionand at the same time paying out the tube, and said tube may be carried around bends, corners, or curves, and, if desired, through manholes or other spaces where the continuity of the cement is interrupted. During such operation the tube may or may not be distended by presmined length of the tubev has been laid the around the same and ermitted to harden, the internal pressure eing maintained at such time to cause the tribe to be distended and serve as a mandrel er-core for forming the bore of the conduit. This pressure may bemaintained for a greater or less time, as desired, but in any case should be mainretain the form given to it by the distention of the tube. When sufficiently hardened,

lowed to escape from the interior of the flexible tube, thus leavin a completed cement conduit with a single uct.

It is obvious that the conduit may be formed with as many ducts as required or desired by laying a number of paper tubes 3 beside one another andthat the eonduitmay be built up in tiers by finishing one layer and subse uently laying thereon a row of tubes 3 for t e next tier or layer.

It is obvious that when the tube 3 is continued through space void of cement the said tubes at such oints may be removed after the operation as been completed and separated conduits thus made.

It is also obvious that the conduit may be laid and completed section by section by aying out the tube 3 to any desired length,

'shin the filling in of the cement up to the along to lay a further length of tube 3 and then filling in the cement over the additional laid portion of tube 3..

Aswill be obvious, there is practically no limit to the length of cement tubing, practically continuous, which may be laid by this method, since it is possible to employ reels of for an exhausted one and to couple the tubes 3 together by proper cement adapted to unite the paper or other material of which the tube 3 is composed. During the operation of joining the tubes 3 at such time the air may\ p0rtion of sai be permitted to escape from the ,firstrlaid portion or tube by wlthdrawing the couple or plug 10', at which time a suitable stop-cock 12 at the tank 8 should be shut. k

When the conduitis used for electric eables, is is sometimes desirable to provide for a breaking or tearin away of the paper lining by the abrasion ue to drawing-the cable throu h, which is liable to take place when the tu ing is made of thin paper, which is the preferred kind of tubing employed. In this case in order to insure a conduit-lining having an extra hard or smooth surface to take the wear produced by pulling in and out cables I prefer to apply a preliminary coating of a special cement having the desired quali ties to the tube before filling in the cement around the same. This lining layer is indicated in Fig. 3 by the numeral 13. It may be applied by hand over the collapsible tube while in distended condition to form a uni-,

form layer over the same, after which the cement 11 may be applied. The latter takes its exterior form from the sides of the trough or trench in which the tube 3 is laid.

In the foregoing description and the following claims the term flexible tube is used to mean a tube which is capable of being bent around angles, curves, or corners, so that it may change (l1I'0Ct1 0n,W1l'/l1011l7 the use of elbows, segments, or other junction-pieces.

What I claim as my invention is 1 The method of making a hollow object,- which consists in first paying out a predetermined length of distensible flexible tubing;

closing said tubin at the end of each length as it is successive paid out; inflating said lengths successive y and applying to each length in turn plastic material capable of hardening. 1

3. The method of making a continuous conduit, which consists in first, layinga flexible distensible tube in the line of the finished conduit and temporarily closing said tube at a distance from its end; second, inflating'the portion of said tube between said closure and .said end; third, applying a plastic material capable of hardenlng'by setting to said ortion of'said tube and allowing same to arden; fourth, temporarily closing saidtube at a'distance from said-first closure and releasing 'said first;.closure to permit said'second the tobecome inflated; fifth, applying 1 portlon of said tube and so on continuously.

4. The method of making hollow objects, which consists in first placing in position a flexible distensible tube; second, inflating said tube; third, a )plying to a predetermined portion of sai tube a'plastic material capable of hardening by sett1ng;'fourth, apply-in said material to another redetermine portion of said tube distant rom said astic material to said second first portion; and fifth, removing the uncovered tube between said covered ortions.

5. The method of making anti lining a hollow object, which consists in first placing in osition a flexible distensible tube of the seected lining material closed at one end; second, inflating said tube; third, a plyin to said tube a plastic material capa e of ardening and permitting same to harden; fourth, opening both ends of'said inclosed tube.

6. The method of making a hollow object, which consistsin first placing in position a flexible distensible tube closed at one end;

second, inflating said tube; third, applying to said tube a plastic material capable of hardening to produce a smooth surface on the. interior of the cylinder and permitting same to harden; and fourth, coating said hardened material with additional lastic material to produce a wall of desired t 'ckness. Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 20th day of September, A. D. 1905.

JAMES M. BOYLE. Witnesses:

H. C. TOWNSEND, O. F. TISCHNER, 'Jr.

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