US827094A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JUL@` 31, 1906.

W. W. GRANT.

GARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 11. 1905.

MW auw/.nui S narran saires ijATENr OFFICE.

WILLIAM w. GRANT, OF BROOKLYN, NEWYORK.

CARBURETER.

Application filed Apel 11,1905. serial No. ?..951.

To all whom it may colzcer'z: 13e it known that l, WILLIAM W. GRANT, a cltizen of the -United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of.Ki-ngs and State provision of apeculiar form of air-valve designed t'o regulatethe feed of air, to throttle the supply when necessary, and of such a structure as to form. a mixing-chamber wherein the air' commingles with the liquid fuel supplied tothe carbureter- The invention includes, further, special 4valve means governing the. liquid-fuel inlet which leads into the mixing-chamber and peculiar connections whereby-theair-valve and the-valve means for' the liquid-fuel inlet are simultaneously operated, whereby operation of the valve means 'aforesaid may be regulat ed so as to increase or decrease the power of the gas or charge generated by compounding of the uids mixed in the mixing-chainber, enabling the determination of the necessary ratio between the quant-ities ofthe-*various ingredients 'compounded within.

For a full .description of the invention and the merits thereof and also .to acquire a knowledge of the details of construction of the means for effecting the result reference is tobe had to the following description and accompanying-drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view through aocarbureter embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a sideelevation of the invention. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view bringing out more clearly the interior-structure of the mechanism, certain parts being illustrated in elevation.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and indicated in .all the viewsof the drawings by the 'same ably. comprised of a coupling or union admitting of connecting pipes therewith at the inlets and outlets, portions adjacent said in- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 3l, 1 9061' lets or outlets being threaded for this purpose. lnpractical use either one of the ports 2, 3, and 4 may lead to the cylinder or chamber in which the charge carburetedby the device is to be exploded, The construction of the casing 1 forms a central space within the body thereof in which is mounted the' air-valve "5, the latter being of hollow cylindrical formation, closed at one' end, as shown at 5, and open at its opposite'end. The valve 5 is provided with inlet-ports 6 and 7 leading through the sides thereof, said rports being adapted to register with the inlets 2 and 3 under various conditions of service-in order to regulate the ow of air or fluidof the valve -5 is spanned by a cross-barS,

having a central threaded aperture 9, in

' which is mounted the threaded stein 10 of a movable element and forms a part of the valve means governing the iiow of the frasolene into the mixing-chamber, which 1s djesignated at 13, and the valve enters the nozzle at one end thereof in its cooperation therewith in open ing and closing the gasolene-inlet 14. The nozzle 12 passes throu -h an opening in the closed end 5L of the va ve 5.and'is provided with Va shoulder15 near its innermost eX- trernity, between which shoulder and the adjacent closed end-5'pt ofthe valve 5 is interposed a coil-spring 16. The coil-spring 16 cooperates with the nozzle 12 to normally hold the .valve means .for gasolene -inlet closed.

Thel

A, sprayer 17 is mounted upon the needleofgauze orforamino'us material is attached,

l the sprayer having a' central opening through f The gauze body' 19 may be open at the end which the needle-valve is adapted to passin order to properly support the sprayer at the discharge end of the nozzle 12. The sprayer 17i may be readily removed Whenever it is desired, according to working conditions. The valve 5 is prevented from displacement from the casing 1 by means of an approximately circular plate 18, which is attached to the upper portion of thecasing by suitable fastenings and which partially overlaps the Aclosed end portion of the valve, holding the latter securely in the casing or fitting 1 aforesaid. Arranged in the mixing-chamber 13 .is a cylindrical Vbody 19, of gauze, said body snuglyiit'tling in the hollow portion of the valve 5 in such aimanner as to extend across the inlet-ports 6 and 7 and the open end of j 'the valve through which the carbureted gas may pass to'the engine or exploding chamber.

adjacent the'closed end 5a of the valve for obvious reasons, and side portions of said body may be cut or divided in 'order thatthe same may be slipped into the valve and clear the cross-bar 8, which spans the open end of the mixing-chamber, as before described.

The means for operating the valvemeans 11 and 12 for the gasolene-inletand the actuating means for 'the air-valve constitute an essential feature of this invention. Extending from the closed end of the'valve 5 is a short tubular valve-neck 20, about'which is fitted an adjustable ring21, from which extends an' arm 22. The nozzle 12 passes through the neck 20, being arranged for-slidable movement with relation thereto. -The ring 21 is secured to the part'20 by means of a set-screw 23', which admits of adjustment of the valve 5 within the ring toa posi-4 tion that its service may require. The arm 22 is formed with ring 21 and is arranged to be actuated in order to impart movement to the valve 5 upon inlets 2 and 3.' Arranged above the ring 21 and loosely mounted upon the neck 2() is a collar 24, the upper portion of which is cut away to form a plurality of cams 25. The collar 24 is loosely held in place by means of pins 26, which project from the upper extremity of the neck 20 through slots 27 formed in the sides of the collar aforesaid. Attached to the nozzle 12 of the inlet 14 is a sleeve 28, arranged above the collar 24 and secured to the nozzle by means of a set-screw 29, which admits of adjustment of the position of the sleeve 28. Studs 30 project from the sleeve28, having rollers 31 mounted thereon, said rollers being arranged to travel along the cams 25 of the collar 24 as said collar has rotary movement imparted thereto. Extending from the collar 24 is an arm 32, whereby said collar is actuated. A boss 33 projects upwardly from the casing 1 near an end thereof, preferably, and said boss has alever 34 pivoted thereto at a point between its ends by a screw 35 or otherwise. A- link 36 is connected at one end' with the outer end of the arm 3 2, the opposite end of the lilik being connected with an adjacent inner portion of the lever ,34, The link 36 is vprovided with a plurality of openings a at one end portion, and the lever 34 is formed with a plurality of openings b along a part thereof, the several openings a and b permitting of adjustment of the connections between the link 36 and the members 32 and 34, so as to vary or effect the degree of movement required to be limparted to the member 32 by means of the connection between saidy mem-ber and the vle- 4ver 34. A spring 37 ,suitably attached to the casing 1 yengaging the lever 34, is arranged to hold said lever in a normal position, -as-well member 39l being .designed to impart movement to thelever 34, the arm 22,-and the several parts connected therewith.

The member '.39 is 'A connected with the means by which the carbureter mechanism is operated, and it will be noted that upony actu-v ation of the member 39 in the direction ofthe arrow (see Fig. 2) the arm 22 and the lever 34 will bemoved, the member 22 opening the valve -5, and the connection- 36 between the lever 34 and the arm 32 will simultaneously impart rotary movement to the collar 24, whereupon the rollers 31will ride-upa cer- -tain'distance on the cam 25, Aand since the sleeve 28 is secured to the nozzle 12 I,it will be seen. that said nozzle will be raised a certain distance. When the nozzle 12 is raised by the actuation of the collar 24, the gasoleneinlet 14 will be opened upon the chamber 13, and the gasolene will discharge into said' chamber and commingle with the air entering the same as the valve 5 is opened. Y The construction of the valve, the provision Aoi the adjustable members 21 and 28, and the arrangement of the connection36 give rise to immense advantage in securing accurate adjustment of the several parts of the carbureter to vary the quantities of the fluids to be mixed, so that the operation of the mechanism may be determined to a nicety. The various adjustments are not described; but to instance certain oi 'these it will be a ppare'nt that by connecting the inner extremity oi' the link 36|with the lever 34 at the innermost of the openings b, the outer extremity of the link at its outermost opening a being connected with the outer extremity oi" the arm 32, as shown, actuatipn of the lever 34 will IIO mum movement of the farm 3'2 and' collar 24' will be but a fraction ofthe maximum'niove- `ment made by thefar1n`22fand valve 15b `In other jwords, the assem'blance of` fthe par-ts as in' Fig. 2 will cause the valve means firjthe 'fuel-inlet -to be opened to a 'maximum as the valve 5 is openedto its greatest extent.4 Connect thel link 36 at itsv innermost opening a with the outer extremity of the arm 32 and connect the inner extremity of said link with the lever 34'at the'outermost opening l) and the maximum -movement of the" arm 32 and collar 24Will equal the Imaximum of the arm 22 and'valve 5 that is','if the movement and rotation, for instance, of arm 22 and valve 5 be ninety degrees the movement' and rotation of the arm 32 andcollar 24 will also be ninety degrees, and it will be obvious that various ratios of movement of the nozzle 1'2- so disposed as vto entirely cut olf the inlet 3, as shownin F ig. l of the drawings, that the port 6in this'instance is still partially opened munication between 'this inlet and the mixing-chamberl3 and inlet.4, and the position of the-rorts of the valve-With referenceto the inlets in ythe casing l. may be varied by adjustment of the ring 21', having arm 22 'pros' jecting therefrom.

The form of the valve 5, wherein the same is provided With a plurality of ports 6 and 7, aords important advantages Withregard to the adinixture of the hydrocarbon and air in the mixing-chamber of the casing. The variation' in the size ofthe ports 6 and 7 is such that suction or non-suction are obtainable in thenixing-chamber for governing the feed of the gasolene or hydrocarbon from the nozzle 12in the practicaluse of the invention. i' For instance,it is Well known that gravity-feed carbureters do not depend necessarily on the suction'or dravT ofthe piston of the engine connectedwith the carbureter, to insure pro er operation thereof, the hydrocarbon d isc arging by gravity' into the mixingchamber preparatery,to being conveyed to the cylinder of the motor.- In float-feed carbureters o'r thel like, however, the suctional effectof the piston of the motor is relied upon to .draw or, suck the hydrocarbon from the hydrocarbon-inlet into the mixing-chamber for cornmingling with the air charge as it is drawn into the engine. such as embodied in this invention is supplied' With hydrocarbon by gravity-feed, theport 3 of the casing 1 may be connected with the engineeylinder, the port 4 closed by 'a suitable plug or the like, andthe port 2 depended-upon as the air-inlet for the mixing- When a. carbureter chamber of the carburetor. Thus when thi valve 5 is turned to the right (sce Fig. 1)'the v port 6 will belcaused to register ithihc -port 2 and the port 7 will be caused to register with the'port 3. The valve-port 7 being smaller than the port 6, however, the draw effectedby the piston in the engine-cylinder lthrough thev port 3 will not tend to create af n vacuum i'n the mixingechamber sullicient to cause suction on the gasolene-inlet, for the reason that freer passage through thc port, 6 is afforded for the air than through the port 7^, due to the fact that the area of the air-inlet ofthe mixing-chamber is larger than that of the outlet to the engine-cylinder. An opposite condition is created whenV the port 2 is connected with the engine-cylinder While the port 3 is left open to admit the air. In this instance actuation of the valve 5,' turning same to the right', 'will cause registration of the several ports in such a Way that theair' supplied to the mixing-chamber througlnthe port 7 is not siflicient to supply the passage to the cylinder .Without tending to create such a vacuum in the mixing-chamber as, to exert suction on the gasolene-inlet to an extent Whichwill materially affect the feeding ofthe i gasolene from said inlet to the said vmixing- With reference to the inlet 2, establishing comchamber. This suction on the gasolene-inlet is desirable and necessary When the action `of the carbureter is dependent upon a float-feed, as hereinbefore mentioned. y

The arrangement of the ports 6 and 7 is peculiar and is essential in securing thefbest results, so far as the suction and non-suction feature of the invention is concerned. The action of the air-valve is shown somewhat in Fig. 1, wherein it will be noted that the port 6 shown in'Fig. 1 Will cause registration of portA 7 with port' 3; 'butI the area of the registering portions of ports 6 and 2 Will be greater than the area of the registering portions of the ports 7 and 3, and the differential area will be 4proportionate throughout the movement of the valve 5 until the ports 6 and 7 are ifi full registration with the ports 3 and 2. The in terchangeability of the ports 6 and 7 With regard to the ports 2 and 3, Whichever may be used as the inlet-port of the casing, governs the suction and non-suction von the hydrocarbon-inlet'nozzle. y 4

lt is obvious that When it is' not desired to create a vsuction on the gasolene-inlet both the ports 4 and 2 may be left open, so that the area of the inlets for the air relative to the area o'f the outlet to the engine-cylinder Will be such as to obviate likelihoodof and ull being created on the gasolene-inlet. t is ILO vnot neeessarvif, liovvever, to change the con-- neetion on engine of the carbureter to secure a change from the suction to the non-suction feature, 4or vice versa, since by merely unsetting the screw A23 and giving the air-valve a half-turn incither direotion'and thereupon resetting screw 23 vWill bring andsecure the ports 6 and 7 to a position the opposite of What they were before.

f The preferred construction of the devicel .embodying the invention is illustrated and described hereinbefore; but various n'on-'essential details may be changed and'departd from` Within the broader contemplation of the my en'tion.

A 'special advantageous feature of the n- 4 vention resides' in the manner of connecting theilever 3 4, the several arms which ac-t'uate the cam-collar andthe air-valve, and adja-l cent' and contiguous parts, the connect-ions admitting of removal of these parts ent-ireas soon as the pivotof the leverB/l and lastening holding-plate 1S are dis'ilaced. move the .air-valve and the elementsmounted thereon and formed and connected therewith out of-the containing casing, it is only necessary to release the plate and lever pivotally secured at the upper portion of the casing, and said valve, with embrace-d mountingsnnay be bodilylitted froni'the casing in a ianiier readily apparent. The above facilijtates attachment. and detachment ol the parts, reducing the coni'ilications 'of the structure materiallv.

Having thus. described the invention, what is claimed as new isl. ln a carburetor, the combination of a casing, an air-valve therein, a .fuel-inlet nozzie, a needle-valve carried by the air-valve to close. the nozzle, and means for simultaneously actuating the air-valve'and movingthe nozzle.

2. ln a ,caibureten the combination ot a casing, a hollow air-valve arranged therein, a 'fuel-inlet nozzle eiitenfling into the air-valve,

-a needle-valve arranged in the air-valve, and

, casing, a hollow air-xf'alve mounted therein, a- -iuel-inlet nozzle extendingr into the hollow portion' oi' the air-valve, a needle-valve co- 'To resazoee acting Withthe nozzle and adapted .to close 'the Same, a spring engaging at one end with the air-'valve and bearnip,` against the nozzle y ously actuating the air-valve and moving the nozzle.

5. Ina earburetenfthe combination of a casing, air and fuel inlets therefor, a hollow air-valve, fuel-inlet-valve.means including a .lengitudinally-inovable mei'nber extending into the hollow portionl vol" the air-valve, a spriiifr coat-,ting 'with said. longitudii-iallymovaile member, actuating means for the air-valve, and Aa earn member' operable bv said actuating means and coaet'inflr With the longitudinally-niovable member' a. oresaid to aetuate the same simultaneously withthe airvalve and ope-rate the fuel-inlet-valve means. l

G. In a carbureter, the eombination ot' a easing. an air-valve mounted therein, fuel-inlet-valve means including a needle-valveand a loiigfiludinally-niovable inlet-nozzle coacting therewith, siring ineens' for normally holding the nozzle in a predetermined position, actuating inea-ns tor the air-v alve, and a cam member movable bythe actua-ting means for the air-valve and ceac-ting with the nozzle to vary the position thereof relative to the needle-valve.

7. ln a carbureter, the combination of a casing, an air-valve arranged therein, a fuelinlet nozzle, aiieedle-valve carried by the -air- Va-lve and coactini;- with the nozzle, a sprayer mounted on the needle-valve, and means lor simultz'meously actua-ting the air-valve and movingr the nozzle.V

S. ln a carbureter, the combination of a casing, an air-valve, f uel-inlet-viilve means embodyinin a. relatively movable needlevalve and nozzle, means l or actuatingr the airvalve, inea-iis inclu ding means operable simul- IOO tancouslj,v u ith the air-valve `tor varying the relative positions ot the nozzle and needle- 'valve aforesaid, and a- .springT bearing against the air-valve and the nozzle and normally tending to ho'ld the nozzle in such a position that the needle-valve closes the mouth thereof.

9. In a carbureter, the combination of a easing, an air-valve comprising,r a tubular body forming; a mixing-chamber, fuel-inletvalvemeans embodying a needle-valve adjustably mounted on the air-valve and a nozzle coact-ing with thefneedle-valve and normally closed thereby, said nozzle extending into the body ot the air-valve and forming a fuel-inlet, rollers attached to the nozzle, a collar provided with cams arranged to coaet with the rollers aforesaid, and means for simultaneously actuating the air-valve and the cani-collar aforesaid `for the purpose specilied.

1C). In a carbureter, the combination of a- IIO casing, an. air-valve1 `comprising a tubular body forming 'ainixing-chamber, fuel-inletvalveineans embodying a needle-,valve adjustablymountedon, the air-valve, a nozzle coacting with the needle-valve andnormallyf closed thereby, said nozzle extending into.

the bodyr'of the`air-valve` and forming a fuelinlet, rollersattached tolthe nozzle, a col- 'withl'th'ei.'rollersl aforesaid, means yfor simultaneously actuating the air-valve and the camcollaraforesaid for the purposes ecified, a

erably connected with-.the arm of lthe airdetachable .sprayer mounted on t e needle- `lvalve adjacent the mouth of the nozzle, and a vspringsurroundingthe nozzle andbearing at one end against the air-valve and at its opposite endagainst the nozzle to normally hold the latten closed.

11. In a carbureter, thecombination of a casing, an air-valve comprising a' tubular body forming a mixing-chamber, fuel-inletvave meansl embodying a needle-valve ad-f justably mounted on the air-valve,'a nozzle coacting with the needle-valve and normally closed thereby, said nozzle extending into the'body of the air-valve and forming a fuelinlet, rollers attached to the nozzle, ,a collar provided with cams arranged to coact with the rollers aforesaid, means for simultaneously actuating the air-valve and the camcollar aforesaid for the purposer specied, yand means for adjusting the position of the camcollar.

12. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing, a rotatable air-valve mounted therein and comprising a hollow body forming a mixing-chamber, a fuel-inlet nozzle leading into the mixing-chamber and Ymovable longitudinally` of the axisof the air-valve, a needle'- valve mounted on the air-valve and adapted to normally close the nozzle, aforesaid, means fdr adjusting the osition of the needle-valve, an arm adjustab y attached-to the air-valve for actuation thereof, a collat surrounding the nozzle and-provided with cams, a sleeve attached to the nozzle and having wheels adapted to ride along the cams of the collar, and means for actuating the cam-collar opvalve for causing simultaneous movement 'ofl the air-valve and thecam-collar.

13. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing, a rotatable air-valve mounted therein and comprising a hollow body forming a mixing-chamber, a fuel-inlet nozzle leading into the mixing-chamber andmovable longitudinally of the axis ofthe air-valve, a needlevalve mounted o n the air-valve and adapted tonormally close the nozzle aforesaid, means 6o' for adjusting the osition of the needlevalve an arm adjustab y attached to the air-valve foi-'actuation thereof, a collar surrounding the nozzle and provided with cams, a sleeve attached to the nozzle and having Wheels adanted to ride along the cams of the collar,

andmeans adjustably connecting the arm .of the air-,valve with the cam-collar whereby .the`l` air-,valve and collar willbe simultaneously actuated to effect opening of the nozzle when the air-valve is open.

14., In a carbureter, the combination of a casing, ajhollow air-valve mounted in they casing and having a pluralityofair-ports, a

gasolene-inletjnzzle through a. side'of the air-valve to the interior thereof, a needleactuated. Y 15.- In a, carbureter, the combination of a casing having air-inlet, mixture-outlet7 and hydrocarbon-inlet ports, an air-valve arranged m said casing-and of hollow formation to constitute a mixing-chamber, said valve .j having a plurality of ports to govern the ports of the casing, and means for adjusting the Avalve Without removing the same, whereby suction 'or non-suction with reference to the .hydrocarbon-inlet are obtainable inthe mixing-chamber. i 16. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing employing a mixing-chamber, a hydrocarbon-inlet therefor, air and mixtureoutlet ports for the mixing-chamber, an airvalve mounted in the casing and provided IOO with ports to register with those of the mixingchamber, means for'operating the air-valve, and means for adjusting said air-valve in the casing te vary the position thereof with referencer to the air-inlet and mixture-outlet ports/y thereof whereby suction or non-suction on the hydrocarbon-inlet are obtainable in the mixing-chamber.

17. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing embodying a mixing-chamber, a hydrocarbon-inlet'therefor, air-inlet and mix-A ture-outlet ports for the mixing-chamber, an air-valve mounted vin the caslng and pro- -vided with ports of different sizes to govern and register with the air-inlet and mixtureoutlet ports of the mixing-chamber, .means for actuating the air'- valve, and means for adjusting said air-valve toCOrrespOndmgIy Vacljust its ports with reference to the air-inlet IIO and mixture-outlet ports aforesaid to secure suction or non-suction on the hydrocarbonv inlet according vto that e of feed fuse d.

18. In a carbureter, t e combination of a casing, a-rotatable hollow air-valve,mounted in the casingv and comprising a -mixing-'chamber, fuel-valve means for supplying the ymixing-ch amber embodying a longitudinally-slidin nozzle mounted ooaxially with the air- 20. In a earbureter, the combination of a va ve, a needle-valve coaetlng with sald nozl easing' embodying a mrxlng-chamber havin;r

zle, and means for actuating the air-Valve and nozzle. y 19. In a earbureter7 the combination of a casing, a rotatable hollowair-valve mounted 1n the easing and comprising a uniting-chamber, fuel-valve means for supplying the mixing lchamber embodying a longitl'ldinally-hl sliding nozzle mounted ooa-Xially with the air-valve,a needle-valve eoaeting with said nozzle, a/bam-oollar surrounding the nozzle and attached to the air-valve so as to move therewith, parts projecting from the `nozzle to engage the cam-collar whereby actuation may be imparted t'oth'e'nozzle, a. spring'for holding tbe'nozzle in a predetermined -position, and lever mechanism for operating the air-valve and collar applied'thereto to simultaneously move the nozzle and said airvalve.

a hydrocarbon-'inlet andprovidodnith airinletand mixture-'outlet port-s leadingto .said chamber, and an air-valve mounted in the easing pro vided with ports adapted to govern the air-inlet andrnixture-outlet orts of, tluA casing and interchangeable witl reference thereto, the ports of the air-valve being so arranged relativelyto each other as to effect a variation between the effective areas of the air-inlet and mixture-outlet ports and thereby secure aeondition of suction or Inon-suction on the hydrocarbon-inlet.

In testimony whereof -I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

. WILLIAM W. GRANT. [1.. s.)

Witnesses:

HUBERT F. I nLn, JAMES MCINTYRE.

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