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US797920A - Art of forging car-wheels. - Google Patents

Art of forging car-wheels. Download PDF

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Publication number
US797920A
US797920A US24870405A US1905248704A US797920A US 797920 A US797920 A US 797920A US 24870405 A US24870405 A US 24870405A US 1905248704 A US1905248704 A US 1905248704A US 797920 A US797920 A US 797920A
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Prior art keywords
dies
blank
wheel
die
forging
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US24870405A
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Charles T Schoen
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/40—Making machine elements wheels; discs hubs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
    • B21J5/027—Trimming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/32—Making machine elements wheels; discs discs, e.g. disc wheels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49481—Wheel making
    • Y10T29/49483—Railway or trolley wheel making

Definitions

  • the object of this invention is to provide a systcrhatic process for producing integral Wrought-metal. car Wheels from wrought blanks.
  • Figure 1 shows in edge and plain views an zingolar blank.
  • Fig. 2 shows in plan and edge views it circolor blank, either. or which may ho hood in tho process.
  • Fig. ills avertical section of tho first-operation dies.
  • Fig. l is c. plan view of the angular blank as it comes from tho dies of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 a plan view of the circular black as it comes from thcdies of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 9 vertical section of the dies oi Fig. 3 we ridod with the shearing mcclumism.
  • Fig. 7 is a plan View of the sheared angular blank.
  • .lfig. 8 a plan view of the shcorce circular hlcnk.
  • Fig. 9 is :1 vertical section the second-operation dies with tho blank oi Figs.
  • Fig. 10 is. a vertical section of toe second-operation dies closed down and with tho huh-opening punch or; the end of its operation.
  • Fig. 11 is a crossseclaion of the prod act of the second-operation dice.
  • Fig. 19. is a, bottom plan view of the cross-head carrying tho upper die'of the second-operation dies.
  • Fig. 13 is an'elevrrtion of part of the upper shear-blade. section of the secood-operation dies cquippcd with the shearing apparatus and showing in elevation part of a hydraulic press in which said dies may he used.
  • Fig. 10 is. a vertical section of toe second-operation dies closed down and with tho huh-opening punch or; the end of its operation.
  • Fig. 11 is a crossseclaion of the prod act of the second-operation dice.
  • Fig. 19. is a, bottom plan view of the cross-head carrying
  • Fig. 16 is a plan View of the bottom die or matrix of thc dishing and truing dies.
  • Fig. 1'? is a. vertical section of the diehing and truing dies.
  • the blank 1 may be of angular outline, or the block may ho reduced to c circle as at 2.
  • Fig. 2 either hy shearing or forging or other operation, and in either case this blank is selected from. rolled stock free from pipings and other physical defects.
  • the blank in a heated condition is subjected to the action of the first-operation (lies, (shown in 3,) and these dies consist of a matrix 3 and a male die l, which are respcctively provided with the acorzrshaped projcctlons 5 and 6 and the complcmontal faces *4 and 8, whereby when pressure applied to the blank a rudimentary hub is formed and the blank stretched laterally and 8. portion of the Web adjacent to the huh produced.
  • the blank substantially as it appears in the operation of these dies is ghown in Figs. l and 5, is spread out laterally in somewhat irregular manner, and the operation consists in shearing of? this irregular rim, this shearing being done, preferably. while the blank is in the dies and by the application of an upper movable shearhlerle 9 and complcmentcl lower stationary shear-blade ill, so that after shearing the. block has? e appearance shown in Figs. 7 and 8, which is approximately the diameter of the finished Wheel. 'lhc dotted outlines in FY35. i and 8 reprccect approximately the shearedoi. Waste.
  • the upper die is applied to a die carrier 11, mounted upon the cross-head of :7. suitable erccs, and the die-carrier is provided with a registering wedge-shaped annulus 12,
  • Fig. 1c is a and the upper shear-blade 9 is bolted to a car rier 13, provided with trunnions 14, whereby it may be swung into place, and this carrier has a coinplemental groove 15 in its upper face, into which the annulus .12 enters, so as to center it around the blank in the dies.
  • the lower blade '10 is mounted upon the carrier 16, which encircles the lower die.
  • the dies are mounted in any suitable press, preferably a hydraulic press, as indicated in Fig. 14.
  • the sheared blank of Figs. 7 and 8 is next transferred to the dies, Figs. 9 and 10.
  • the matrix 1'2 and male die 18 of these secondoperation dies are formed'with suitable faces to complete the exterior of the hub, reduce the web, and form a flanged rim, and when the dies have been closed to perform these operations then the punch 19 is brought into operation to punch out the diaphragm 20, Fig. 3, left in the interior of the hub by the first and second operation dies.
  • the wheel may next be subjected to the action of a rolling-maehine, having rolls that act simultaneously upon the web to reduce it to proper thickness and upon the tread-and flange to finish these parts.
  • truing or rounding dies consisting of the see,- mental and collapsible die 23, which is supported in any suitable way, as by a stand 2 surrounding the matrix and having in its face agroove
  • the segmental dissections preferably are beveled on their backs.
  • a wedgeering which is adapted to encircle the segmental die and be pressed down about it into the groove the of the stand, so as to collapse said segmental die about the tread and flange oi the wheel in order to true or round the same.
  • This segmental die is capable of being shifted around the wheel and to be collapsed about it any number of times, so as to complete the circle of the wheel without the necessity for subsequent machining.
  • any defects in the metal will be developed in the first-operation dies, and the blank may be discarded at that period of the operation, so as to save waste of time and minimize the production of imperfect or faulty wheels.
  • the rolling operation may be omitted in some instances, although it is preferred.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Description

Rm 9 1 9w 2 Q U A D E T N E T A P N E 0 H G S nu 0 2 7 9 7 N ART OF FORGING GAR WHEELS. APPLICATION FILED MAE s 1905 2 $HEBTSSHEET 1.
dam 7 r// 2%. A
ag w utoz %u.zu Mm BIO-"797,920. PATBNTED AUG. 22, 1905.
v G. T. SGHCEN.
ART OF FORGING GAR WHEELS APPLICATION FILED MAR.6,1905.
" 2 SHEETS-SHBBT 2.
7 form ruciiioeotary hul:
.h. 41 h. A. ill-l AA: 1 do) Specification of Letters Patent.
zfatented Aug". 29 3905.
Application filed ll'ieroli 6.19%. Serial Ilo. 248,704.
To (5Z2 whom it may concern:
Be known that i; Gimmes Sorrow. a. citizen of the United States, residing l ilcp Clfilfililii, iii the county of fl hiladelphic and Stateof Pennsylvania. have TH Ell d a cer- 'ain new and woeful lmpnwcmcot in the Paris 3? forging il-"hoels. of which the follow rig is e full, clear. and exact dcccriptioo.
The object of this invention is to provide a systcrhatic process for producing integral Wrought-metal. car Wheels from wrought blanks.
The is obtained from selected rolledstcel stock free from p' figs and other phycical defects and While hot first clie ressed to id fihe web; adjacent to said bob. the chick being spread out laterally. Thou, and prefcrohly While in thedics. the block trlmzncd dorm to a substantially true circle. and then 15;. subjected to the action of other dies by which the contour oi the hub 's perfected, the Web rcdiiccd. end a rodimcntargy rimformed and the hub punched, and then the web and rim are further treated by rolls, after which the wheel is dished or coned and the rim trued. in this truiug operation. the rim is chilled, so as to render it hard and durable.
With this gcncral statement lv will proceed now to set forth the best modc in which i have contemplated applying the principle of the invention and then will particularly point out and distinctly claim the improvcmcnt in the art which i. claim as my inverihion it hcing distinctly understood that the apparatus heroin shown and described he modified or replaced by other equivalent apparatus.
in the accompanyingdrawings, illustrating the invention, in the several figures of which like parts oresiniilarly desigimted, Figure 1 shows in edge and plain views an zingolar blank.
v and Fig. 2 shows in plan and edge views it circolor blank, either. or which may ho hood in tho process. Fig. ills avertical section of tho first-operation dies. Fig. l: is c. plan view of the angular blank as it comes from tho dies of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 a. plan view of the circular black as it comes from thcdies of Fig. 3.
9. vertical section of the dies oi Fig. 3 we ridod with the shearing mcclumism. Fig. 7 is a plan View of the sheared angular blank. .lfig. 8 a plan view of the shcorce circular hlcnk. Fig. 9 is :1 vertical section the second-operation dies with tho blank oi Figs.
i or 8 in place therein and before the dies are closed down upon said blank. Fig. 10 is. a vertical section of toe second-operation dies closed down and with tho huh-opening punch or; the end of its operation. Fig". 11 is a crossseclaion of the prod act of the second-operation dice. Fig. 19. is a, bottom plan view of the cross-head carrying tho upper die'of the second-operation dies. Fig. 13 is an'elevrrtion of part of the upper shear-blade. section of the secood-operation dies cquippcd with the shearing apparatus and showing in elevation part of a hydraulic press in which said dies may he used. Fig. iois an elevation of part of the lower shear-blade. Fig. 16 is a plan View of the bottom die or matrix of thc dishing and truing dies. Fig. 1'? is a. vertical section of the diehing and truing dies.
The blank 1 may be of angular outline, or the block may ho reduced to c circle as at 2. Fig. 2, either hy shearing or forging or other operation, and in either case this blank is selected from. rolled stock free from pipings and other physical defects. The blank in a heated condition is subjected to the action of the first-operation (lies, (shown in 3,) and these dies consist of a matrix 3 and a male die l, which are respcctively provided with the acorzrshaped projcctlons 5 and 6 and the complcmontal faces *4 and 8, whereby when pressure applied to the blank a rudimentary hub is formed and the blank stretched laterally and 8. portion of the Web adjacent to the huh produced. The blank substantially as it appears in the operation of these dies is ghown in Figs. l and 5, is spread out laterally in somewhat irregular manner, and the operation consists in shearing of? this irregular rim, this shearing being done, preferably. while the blank is in the dies and by the application of an upper movable shearhlerle 9 and complcmentcl lower stationary shear-blade ill, so that after shearing the. block has? e appearance shown in Figs. 7 and 8, which is approximately the diameter of the finished Wheel. 'lhc dotted outlines in FY35. i and 8 reprccect approximately the shearedoi. Waste.
As shown in Figs. 6, l2, 13; 14:, and 15.
collectively, the upper die is applied to a die carrier 11, mounted upon the cross-head of :7. suitable erccs, and the die-carrier is provided with a registering wedge-shaped annulus 12,
Fig. 1c is a and the upper shear-blade 9 is bolted to a car rier 13, provided with trunnions 14, whereby it may be swung into place, and this carrier has a coinplemental groove 15 in its upper face, into which the annulus .12 enters, so as to center it around the blank in the dies. The lower blade '10 is mounted upon the carrier 16, which encircles the lower die. The dies are mounted in any suitable press, preferably a hydraulic press, as indicated in Fig. 14.
The sheared blank of Figs. 7 and 8 is next transferred to the dies, Figs. 9 and 10. The matrix 1'2 and male die 18 of these secondoperation dies are formed'with suitable faces to complete the exterior of the hub, reduce the web, and form a flanged rim, and when the dies have been closed to perform these operations then the punch 19 is brought into operation to punch out the diaphragm 20, Fig. 3, left in the interior of the hub by the first and second operation dies.
The wheel may next be subjected to the action of a rolling-maehine, having rolls that act simultaneously upon the web to reduce it to proper thickness and upon the tread-and flange to finish these parts.
After the wheel leaves the rolling-machine it is coned or dished and trued or rounded, and suitable apparatus for this purpose is shown in Figs 16 and 17, same ceusisting of a matrix 21 and male die 2%, shaped to impart the proper dish or cone to the wheel when the dies are forcibly brought together Associated with these dishing or coning dies are truing or rounding dies consisting of the see,- mental and collapsible die 23, which is supported in any suitable way, as by a stand 2 surrounding the matrix and having in its face agroove The segmental dissections preferably are beveled on their backs. 26 is a wedgeering which is adapted to encircle the segmental die and be pressed down about it into the groove the of the stand, so as to collapse said segmental die about the tread and flange oi the wheel in order to true or round the same. This segmental die is capable of being shifted around the wheel and to be collapsed about it any number of times, so as to complete the circle of the wheel without the necessity for subsequent machining. There may be used in connection with the wedgering an abutment-ring 27, although this is not necessary. l)uring the truing operation the faces of the segments of the segmental die are coated or treated with oil or other suitable or equivalent composition, and this, in connection with the comparatively cool. dies, has the effect of chilling the rim, and hence increasing its hardness. I
it is to be observed. that from the time the blank is subjected to the action of the firetoperation dies until it comes out finished from the truing or rounding dies its rim or periphteases ei'y is under constant confinement and compression. in the first-operation dies the portion of metal not immediately subjected to the action of the dies serves as a sort of compress, while there is a mechanical'compress applied to the rim of the metal in all of the subsequent operations both in the dies and in the rolling-machine. By reason of this compression of the metal any tendency to split or check is counteracted and a 'wheel of great homogeneity and strength is produced-. b
Any defects in the metal will be developed in the first-operation dies, and the blank may be discarded at that period of the operation, so as to save waste of time and minimize the production of imperfect or faulty wheels.
it is of the utmost importance to select sound stock free from defects in the first instance.
The rolling operation may be omitted in some instances, although it is preferred. Vl hen the blank is to be rolled, it is forged about an inch and a half or two inches (more or less) less in diameter than the finished wheehso as to provide for the increased diameter resulting from the thinning of the Web and rim by the Felling.
4 What I claim is 1. The art of forging car-wheels, comprising essentially die-forging a blank of wrought metal to form a rudimentary hub and adjacent web, next shearing oil the ou er portion of the thus-treated blank to substantially wheel-diameter, next reducing the web and roughing out the rim, and next punching the axle-hole in the hub, then coning the wheel, and finally truing or rounding the tread and flange and chilling it.
Z. The art of forging car-wheels, comprising essentially die-forging a blur lr of wrought metal to form I a rudimentary hub and ad acent web, next shearing oil" the outer portion of the thustreated blank to substantially wheel-diameter, next reducing the web and roughing out the rim, and next punching the aXle-hole in the hub, next roll ng the wheel to complete the web and form the rim, then coning the wheel, and finally trning or rounding the tread and flange and chilling it.
3. The art of forging car-wheels, comprising essentially die-forging a blank of wrought metal to form a rudimentary hub and adja- 4 cent web, next shearing off the outer portion of the thus treated blank to substantially wheel-diameter, nextreducing the web and roughing out the rim by means of dies, next punching the axle-hole in the hub, then dieconing the wheel, and finally die-rounding the tread and flange and simultaneously chilling the rim of the wheel while in the roundingdies.
4. The art of forging car-wheels, comprising essentially die-forging a blank of wrought cent web, next shearing 01? the outer portion several dies. ,pf the thus treated blank to substantially In testimony whereof I have hereunto set metal tov form a rudimentary hub and acija- I pression during the forging operations in the wheel-diameter, next reducing the web and my hand this 4th day of March, A. D. 1905.
roughing out the rim in dies, next punching s CHARLES T. SUHUEN. the axle-hole in the hub, then die-coming the Witnesses: Wheel, and finally die-rounding the tread and WM. L. AOHILLES,
flange, the rim of the Wheel being under com- HOMER W. BURR.
US24870405A 1905-03-06 1905-03-06 Art of forging car-wheels. Expired - Lifetime US797920A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3263315A (en) * 1962-10-24 1966-08-02 Reynolds Metals Co Metal forming system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3263315A (en) * 1962-10-24 1966-08-02 Reynolds Metals Co Metal forming system

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