US748915A - Electric-arc lamp - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JAN. 5, 1904.

E. H. BELDEN.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED APR 28, 1902. nmwwsn MAY 11. 1903.

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PATENTED JAN. 5, 1904.

B. H. BELDEN.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 28, 1902. RENEWED MAY 11. 1903.

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kfi ATTORNEY? Lil/M w YENTOI? W/ TNESSE S UNITED STATES Patented January 5, 1904.

PATENT OEEIcE.

EDWARD H. BELDEN, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO WVESTINGl-IOUSE ELECTRIC & 'MANUFAOTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 748,915, dated January 5, 1904.

Application filed April 28, 1902. Renewed May 11, 1908. Serial No. 156,697. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD H. BELDEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton,in the county of Montgomery, in the State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Arc-Lamps; and I do herebydeclarethat the followingisafull,clear, and exact description of the invention,which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to arc-lamps; and it has for its object to provide an improved carhon-lifting means which embodies an electromagnet or solenoid so disposed with reference to its armature or core and the parts supported thereby as to counterbalance the latter to such a degree that they may be operated eifectively by a much weaker magnet than would be necessary under generallyprevailing conditions.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved carbon-clutch adapted to obviate the friction and rises in voltage incident to feeding.

My improved means for increasing the lifting power of the solenoid and for utilizing the combined weight of the solenoid and resistance to balance the weight of the upper carbon comprise a lever mechanism fulcrumed at opposite sides of the lamp-frame and so arranged that, the weight of the solenoid aids in lifting the armature and upper carbon. 7

My improved carbon-clutch has a downward instead of an upward lnovementin feeding, thereby materially reducing the usual friction.

Similar reference-numerals in the accompanying drawings indicate like parts throughout the several views, in which Figure 1 is a view, partially in side e1evation and partially in vertical section, of my improved lamp. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the upper portion of the lamp, showing a modified form and arrangement of the counterbalancing mechanism. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line a; m of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a similar view taken on the line ,2 z of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail view of my improved clutch. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the bifurcated clutch-dog.

The means for supporting the controlling mechanism of my improved lamp consists of a plurality of upright standards 1, preferably three in number,rigidly connected at their upper ends by means of the circular plate 2 and rigidly connected at their lower ends to the horizontal peripheral flange 4 of a ring 3 and insulated therefrom, as indicated. A cylindrical casting 5, forming the clutch-chamber, is rigidly secured by means of screws 6 or otherwise to the ring 3.

The resistance-coils 7 are arranged in openings 8, formed in upright insulating-blocks 9, which are rigidly mounted upon the top of the solenoid-frame 10 and have their upper ends rigidly connected by a circular plate 11, to which they are secured in any proper manner. The plate 11 is firmly secured to the top of the solenoid-frame by means of a plurality of rods 12, and its upper face is provided with an upright guide 13, which fits loosely in a suitable vertical opening in the plate 2. The plate 11 is provided upon its lower face with a pendent dash-pot cylinder 14, in which operates a plunger 15, that is rigidly fixed upon the upper end of the carbontube 16. Upon the frame 10 is rigidly mounted a solenoid 17, through which passes the carbontube 16, the tubular core 18 for the solenoid being rigidly secured to the tube. The core 18 has its upper end arranged in proper relation within the lower end of the solenoid, as shown, so that when it is lifted by the magnet, as shown by dotted outlines in Fig. 1, it also correspondingly raises the carbon-tube 16, to which it is secured. The means for supporting the weight of the said resistance and solenoid and which constitutes the principal feature of my improvement is described as follows: To a lug or arm 20 on the inner face of one of the standards 1 is pivoted the inner bifurcated end of a lever 21, the outer extended end of which is also bifurcated and pivotally connected to the upper end of a link 25, the lower end of said link being pivotally connected to one end of a second lever 22. The lever 21 has an annular portion adjacent to its inner end which surrounds the solenoid-core 18 without making contact therewith, as shown in Fig. 3, and has upon its upper edge or face a pair of diametrically opposite upright lugs 23, upon which the base of the solenoid-frame 1O rests and by which the entire weight of the said resistance and solenoid is supported. One of the other standards 1 is provided with a fixed lateral arm 24, carrying upon its inner end an upright bifurcated post 26, in which the lever 22 is pivotally fulcrumed, as indicated in Fig. 4. The inner end of the lever 22 is of approximately semi-annular form and is pivotally connected to the opposite sides of the solenoid-core 18 by the screws 19 or other suitable means. The operation of this improved lever mechanism may be briefly stated as follows: Since the solenoid and resistance and their frames are supported by the solenoid-core through the intervening levers 21 and 22 and link 25, the combined weight of the said parts may be such as to partially counterbalance the weight of the core and the parts directly connected thereto. It follows, therefore, that when the solenoid is energized the reaction resulting from the direct pull upon the core will be transmitted through the said levers and link to the core, and by proportioning the lever-arms substantially as shown aslight movement of the solenoid will be accompanied by a relatively large degree of movement of the core at the expense of a small amount of electrical energy. As the dash-pot plunger is mounted upon the upper end of the carbon-tube and the cylinder is fixed upon the movable solenoid-frame,a considerable degree of move ment and corresponding efificiency are thereby secured. By thus partially balancing the core and the upper-carbon tube by the solenoid and resistance it is evident that a relatively small solenoid may be employed.

Upon the lower end of the carbon-tube 16 is arranged my improved clutch, consisting of a sleeve 33, rigidly clamped in position by a screw 34 and provided with two oppositelyarranged apertured lugs 35 and 36. A second sleeve 37 loosely fits the upper carbon 44, is loosely connected to the sleeve 33 by a pin 38, and is provided with a bifurcated clutch or holding-pawl 39, the inner bifurcated end of which is pivotally connected to the opposite apertured ears 40 of the said this construction the clutch-dog 39 moves downward in feeding instead of upward, as is the case in otherlamps. When the clutchdog thus moves in the same direction as the carbon, the friction is materially lessened.

The lower end of the casting 5 has a ground surface which forms a seat for the globe 48. The said casting also forms a second gaschamberandsupports theinsulation 43,which guides the upper carbon. It also supports the second gas-cap 45, which insulates the tube 16 from negative side of lamp, is movable, and does not act as a guide. The insulator- plates 43 and 45 are preferably formed of lava and serve, as above indicated, to make the entire frame of the lamp above the annular plate 3 positive and the portion of the lamp below this plate negative.

The lower-carbon bracket 46, which is secured to the base of the casting 5, and the hanger-bracket 47, which is also pivotally secured to the base of the said casting 5 and which supports the inner globe 48, forming the arc-chamber, are all of well-understood construction.

In Fig. 2 is shown a modified form of my improved balancing mechanism adapted for use in an alternating-current lamp, which may be described as follows: The lower face of the top plate 2 is provided with pendent integral arms 28 and 29. The lower end of the arm 28 is bifurcated to receive a lever 21, the outer end of which is also bifurcated and pivotally connected to the upper end of a vertical link 25. The inner end of the said leve1'21 is pivotally connected to the top of the carbon-tube 16, as shown. The companion lever 22' has one end pivotally fulcruined to the lower end of the arm 29 and the other end pivotally connected to the lower end of the link 25. This lever 22 has an annularportion which surrounds the upper end of the carbontube without making contact therewith and is pivotally connected to a pair of oppositelyarranged upright lugs 30 on the top of the solenoid-frame. By means of this arrangement the weight of the solenoid 17, with its stationary core 54, which is preferably laminated, is supported by the lever 22 between its fulcrum-point and its point of connection with the link 25", thereby serving to balance the weight of the core 18 and the carbon-tube 16, secured thereto, and enabling the magnetic pull exerted by the solenoid to react mechanically upon the core. Obviously this counter-balancing mechanism may be indefinitely varied in its details of construction without departing from the spirit of my invention, which consists in so arranging the controlling mechanism of the lamp that the weight of the solenoid will aid the magnetism in lifting the armature and upper-carbon tube. The stationary core 54 nearly fills the upper end of the solenoid with laminated iron and makes a more perfect react-ance-coil, and it insures a more eflicient pull upon the core 18.

I11 the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 the current fiow through the lamp is as follows: The current enters through theleading-in wire 49, passes through the resistance 7, thence through the conductor 50, the solenoid 17, the conductor 51, the carbon-tube 16, the upper carbon 44, the lower carbon 52, the carbonbracket 46, the casting 5, and then out through the leading-out wire 53.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2, which is specially designed for an alternating-current lamp, a resistance-coil is unnecessary, solenoid 17' serving as a reactance-coil, of which the parts 54 and 18 constitute the core. In this modification the current enters the lamp through the leading-in wire 55, thence through the solenoid l7 and the conductor 56 to the upper-carbon tube l6,and on through the lamp, as indicated in Fig. 1.

Such variations from the details of construction here shown and described as may be made without materially changing the mode of operation and result set forth are to be construed as within the scope of my invention.

I claim as my invention 1. In an arc-lamp,a lever mechanism adapted to so support the weight of the electromagnet, armature, and upper carbon that the electromagnet acts as a counterpoise to the said armature and upper carbon, and comprising a lever pivotally attached at one end to the lamp-frame, a second lever pivotally mounted in said frame and having one end attached to said armature and its other end connected to the corresponding end of the other lever, whereby a very small, frequent and uniform feed is insured.

2. A lever mechanism for arc-lamps adapted to make the weight of the electromagnet counterpoise for the movable carbon and its actuating-armature,com prising apai r of companion levers pivotally connected together at their free ends, one of which is fulcrumed at its other end to the lamp-frame and supports the said magnet and the other of which is fulcrumed between its extremities to the lampframe and supports the armature and carbon, as described.

3. Means for so mounting the controlling mechanism of an arc-lamp that the energizing-magnet forms a counterpoise for the movable carbon and its associated armature,comprising two cooperating levers pivotally connected at their outer ends, one of which is fulcrumed at its inner end to the lamp-frame and supports the electromagnet and the other of which is fulcru med between its ends to the said frame and is pivotally secured at its inner end to the armature.

4. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a movable, upright carbon-holder and a tubular armature fixed to said holder in concentric relation, of a pair of coacting levers fulcrumed on the lamp-frame and pivotally connected at their outer ends, one of said levers being pivotally connected at its inner end to the said armature, and a solenoid mounted upon one of said lovers in cooperative relation to said armature.

5. In an arc-lamp, a carbon-feeding clutch comprising a sleeve fixed upon the lowerend of the upper-carbon holder, a loosely-mounted collar having a pair of lugs upon its upper face and pivotally connected at one side to the said sleeve, and a bifurcated clutchdog pivotally connected at its inner end to the said collar and atits outer end to the said sleeve, whereby the said dog moves downward or in the same direction as the carbon in feeding, thereby lessening the friction.

6. A carbon-feeding clutch comprising a fixed sleeve, a collar loosely mounted upon the carbon and loosely connected at one side to said sleeve and provided upon its upper face with upright lugs and a clutch-dog having its outer end pivotally connected to the said sleeve and having its inner bifurcated end pivotally connected to the said collar, whereby the said dog moves downward in unison with the said collar in feeding.

7. In carbon-controlling mechanism for arclamps, the combination with a lever pivotally supported at one end and an electromagnet supported by said lever at a point between its ends, of a movable carbon and a second lever connected to the first lever andto the movable carbon at its respective ends and pivotally supported at an intermediate point whereby the weight of the magnet supplements its magnetic pull upon the armature and movable carbon.

8. In an arcdamp, a carbon-feeding clutch comprising two relatively movable collars loosely connected together at one side, a bifurcated dog pivotally connected to one of said collars and having an arm that is loosely connected to the other collar at the side opposite the connection between the two collars.

9. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a pair of carbons and a lamp-frame, of a pair of levers respectively su pported by said frame and connected together at their outer ends, a magnet-coil supported upon one of said levers between its fulcrum and its outer end and an armature attached to one of the carbone and pivotally connected to the inner end of the second lever.

10. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a frame, a pair of lovers independently pivoted thereto and a link connecting corresponding ends thereof, of a solenoid supported upon one of said levers, a core attached to the other lever and a movable carbon supported from said core.

11. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a carbon-tube having a rigidly-attached sleeve, of a collar loosely surrounding the carbon and loosely connected to said sleeve and a clutchdog pivoted at one end to said collar and loosely connected at its other end to said sleeve.

12. The combination with an arc lamp frame and a pair of levers pivoted thereto and to each other, of a solenoid supported upon one of said levers, a core attached to the other lever, a pair of carbons, a tube for the movable carbon attached to the solenoid-core and a feeding-clutch supported upon the lower end of said tube.

13. In an arc-lamp, the combination With a carbon-tube and a carbon projecting from its lower end, of a collar fastened to said lower end, a collar loosely surrounding the carbon adjacent to said end and having a loose connection with the tube-collar at one side and a bifurcated clutch-dog pivoted to said loose collar and having a loose link connection with the tube-collar at the side opposite the direct connection between said collars.

14. In an arc-lamp, a carbon-tube and its EDWARD H. BELDEN.

Witnesses:-

ED. H. STEINAU, P. E. TALLMAN.

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