US734679A - Composition of matter for cement-plaster. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED TATES Patented July as, 1903.

FFicE. I

PATENT COMPOSITION OF MATTER FOR CEMENT-PLASTER.

ESPECIFICATION forming parii Of Letters Patent NO. 734,679, dated. July 28, 1903.

Application filed February 24, 1903. Serial No. 144,737. (No specimens.)

lowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

. My invention relates to a new composition of matter for cement-plaster to be used for plastering the interior and exterior walls and ceilings of buildings, also for the manufacture of building-blocks, bricks, slabs, panels, and architectural ornaments, such as columns, caps, moldings, and decorative panels.

My improved cement-plaster can be troweled easily and will set evenly and uniformly without shrinking or cracking. It possesses in its pulp form an inherent tenacity that will permit it to flow in thick or thin layers in a body before a trowel and will permanently set evenly in widely-spaced clenching slots or apertures and will adhere firmly to stone, brick, or wooden surfaces. After it has been applied to walls or ceilings and has dried and after it has been made into building-blocks, bricks, or into architectural moldings or ornaments it is so tough and pliable that it can be sawed or cut as desired and nails or screws to its surface, form, or color.

My composition cement-plaster consists of the following ingredients, combined in the proportions stated, and, assuming that all the measures are made by avoirdupois weight.

and that a ton of two thousand pounds is taken as the unit of volume, consists of silica, one thousand and fifty pounds; clay, (flintclay,) preferably four hundred and fifty pounds; silicious clay, preferably one hun-- dred and fifty pounds, making six hundred pounds; plaster-of-paris, (white or blue,)

burned and ground, three hundred and fifty pounds;total,one ton of two thousand pounds.

The above proportions are those I preferably use; but I have discovered by experience that these proportions can be varied considerably and a very superior quality of cementplaster can still be made, and my invention contemplates a cement-plaster in which the relative proportions of the ingredients used maybe varied substantially as follows: Silica, from about six hundred and twenty-five to one thousand three hundred and seventy-five pounds, preferably about one thousand and fifty pounds; clay (flint) from two hundred to six hundred and fifty pounds, preferably about four hundred and fifty pounds, and silicious, from fifty to three hundred pounds, preferably one hundred and fifty pounds; total, preferably about six hundred pounds; plaster-of-paris, from one hundred to five hundred and fifty pounds, preferably about three hundred and fifty pounds; or if pro portioned on a percentage basis, assuming two thousand to be the unit, silica, from thirty to seventy per cent., preferably fifty-two and one half per cent; clay of the two kinds above specified in their combined relative proportions, from about fifteen to forty-five per cent., preferably thirty per cent. plaster of-paris, from about five per cent. to twenty seven and one-half per cent., preferably seventeen and one-half per cent. These ingredients are to be thoroughly pulverized, mixed, and mingled together into a dry powder and when ready for use are to be mixed with sufficient water to form a suitable cement-plasterpulp. Thiscement-plasterpulpisapplied witha trowel to walls and ceilings of buildings and is to be formed by suitable molds and dies either with or without pressure into building-blocks, bricks, and architectural ornaments.

My improved cement-plaster is composed of ingredients that cost but a trifle and that can be easily obtained, thus enabling it to be used in the construction of allgrades of buildings, from the cheapest to the most expensive. It finishes to a very smooth surface in one coat, and walls and ceilings finish to a smooth and glassy surface, or it may be floated with a plaster cork or carpet float to a beautiful float or sand finish.

My cement-plaster will protectwood and iron from. fire when they are completely covered with it.

One of the most valuable features of my cement-plaster is that it will carry perinanently paints and tints of all colors without their losing their brilliancy by fading, and it will not cause paints and tints to crack or peel 01f or burn, and it is not necessary to previously size or varnish the cement-plaster before applying tints, paints, or paper.

My improved composition cement-plaster is manufacturedin a dry powdered state and can be shipped in barrels or sacks to distant points. Coloring-matter may be mixed with it in its powdered form or when it is being mixed with water into-a cement-pulp, so that Walls, ceilings, and all articles made with it may be made of desired colors.

My improved composition cement-plaster when composed of the ingredients named and when made in the approximate percentages specified makes a-cement-plaster containing all the qualities and advantages herein enu merated. The clay acts as the base of my cement-plaster and is the main binding agent and also gives toughness and plasticity to it. The plaster-of-paris and the silica assist in setting and hardening the mass and give to the cement-plaster a fine glassy surface when properly troweled.

For all general uses I make the cementplaster as above specified. There are, however, some special uses to which the plaster may be appliedwhere an additional retarding and binding agent is desirable. In such cases I employ any of the commonly-used retard-- ing and binding agentssuch as hemp, jute, or asbestos fiber-for a binder and retarder,

and aside from these any special retarding agent may be used and is recommended.

By varying the proportions of the three ingredients of which my cement-plaster is composed I am enabled to make different grades of cement-plaster and in doing this proportion the several grades so that each grade is more especially adapted to special classes of Work than the others, it being understood that I do not confine myself to the combination of ingredients named, as my invention contemplates the use of the ingredients or their equivalents which will when combined produce a cement-plaster having the characteristics above set forth.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. The herein-described composition of matter consisting of silica, flint-clay, silicious clay, plaster-of-paris and a binding and retarding agent such as animal, vegetable or mineral fiber, substantially as described.

2. The herein-described composition of matter, consisting of silica, flint-clay, silicious clay, and plaster-oflparis, substantially as described.

3. The herein-described composition of matter consisting of a dry cement-plaster in powdered form and consisting of silica, flint-clay, silicious clay, plaster-of-paris, coloring-matter and any suitable retarding agent in sub stantially the proportions named, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

ALMO DE MONCO.

Witnesses: BESSIE THOMPSON, G. SARGENT ELLIOTT.