US728213A - Gearing for drill-presses. - Google Patents

Description

No. 728,213. y I PATENTES MA'Y`19, 190s'.

vH. DRBSES. GEARING EUR DRILL PRESSES. n

V APPLIOATION FILED 00T. 2| 1902.- l

I0 MBEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witnesses l fIJLfL/Eu-L[tafv` @mK/1%@- I A y fgmfd 'm5 Nonms PETERS co, PHOTO-umu.. WASHINGTON. D, t.

UNITED STATES 'Patented May 19, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

GEARING-FOR DRILL-PRESSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 728,213, dated May 19, 1908.

Application led October 2, 1902,

To all wwnt it 'nut/y con/cern:

Be it known that I, HENRY DRESES, a citizen ofthe United States, residing i'n the city of Oincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State. of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Gearing for Drill-Presses; and I do declare the following to be a clear, full, and exact description thereof, attention being called to the accompanying two sheets of drawings, with the reference numerals and letters marked thereon, which form also apart of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in drill-presses, and is particularly adapt-ed to drill-presses of the type described in Patent No. 592,048, issued to me on October 19, 1897. In such machines there is anupright column from which projects an arm on which the drillspindle is carried. This arm, with the drillspindle, has a vertical adjustment on the column, and the drill-spindle has a horizontal one on the arm, both adjustments to suit position and sizes of the work supported below. The drill-spindle has also an individual movement to and from the work, which constitutes its feed motion, and may be by hand or power. It has, further, a rotarymotion in two directions-an operative one, which might also be called the forward one and is for tapping, threading, and boring or drilling. The other, in reverse direction, is to cause the tool to leave the work. This rotarymotion is obtained from an upright power-drivenshaft supported parallel to the column and transmitted to the drill-,spindle by intermediate gear-wheels and shafts, the construction being such that operative connection between the parts is maintained in all adjusted positions of the drill-spindle. The operation is substantially like this: that the drill-spindle while rotatingin the forward direction is started toward and fed into thework, and after proceeded sufficiently for the purpose this feed motion is reversed and the drill-spindle is caused to leave the work. In plain boring or drilling this reversing motion consists simply of lifting the tool out of the work and is obtained by manual operation assisted by suitable mechanism. In threading by dies and tapping rotation of the drill-spindle in reverse direction becomes necessaryin order to permit the tool to disengage itself from the Serial No. 125.612. (No model.)

work. It is desirable in the'inte'rest of speedy `work and convenience that the manipulation of thus changing the rotation of the drill-spindle whenever it becomes necessary from one direction to the other can be performed quickly, and preferably bythe same operating-handle, and without the use of intermediate preparatory adjustments and shifting of gear-wheels or idlers, so that the operator is required to manipulate only one handle, on which he can keep one of his hands, and by the simple shifting of which handle he may reverse the spindle from whatever direction in which it may rotate. The other hand is then left free to manipulate the feed motion or the work. The manipulation of such a drill-press would then be like this: The operator with one hand starts forward rotation of the spindle, and with the other he operates or causes mechanism to operate which at the same time causes the drill-spindle to approach and feed the tool into the work. In due time with this ,latter handv he stops the feed motion, while with the other hand in Work where such isnecessary he causesat the same time the drill-spindle to rotate i'nreverse direction, so that the tool may disengage itself from the work. In this Way the forward and return movements of .the tool may rapidly follow each other without interruption and speedy work can be done on the drill-press. When different speed changes are provided for the forward motion of the drill-spindle-as, for instance, a slower one for heavier work and a faster one for lighter work-it is essential that this switching back and forth and changing of rotation from one direction to the other, and particularly from the forward to the reversed motion, may be performed with equal facility from either forward speed which may be used. This is not always possible, andin drill-presses providing for two speed changes in the forward direction the change from either one of these speeds to the faster reversed motion may not alwaysbe readily accomplished by simply shifting an operatinghandle. Thus in the patentv mentioned such can only be accomplished when the slower speed is used; but it requires that rst a gear-wheel be shifted and an intermediate idler adjusted, after which the desired quick change or rotation to reversedv direction and back again may be obtained by the shifting back and forth of an operating-lever. A direct reversing, however, when the other speed is used is impossible without having this previous adjustment every timethat is, for every reversal-which by the interruption it causes seriously interferes with quick and progressive work. To overcome these Objections and to permit a change to rotation in reverse direction from rotation in forward direction in either one of its two speed changes of the drill-spindle and without requiring shifting of any parts or any preparatory adjustment of any intermediate parts is therefore the leading object of my present invention. The saine consists of the construction whereby this object is attained, and which construction is such that the invention may be applied to drill-presses in which the upright column is flat or oblong and slotted, as in the patent mentioned, orto such in which the column is not slotted.

In the following specification', and particularly pointed out in the claims, is found a full description of the invention, together with its operation, parts, and construction, which latter is also illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l shows an intermediate portion of the uprightcolumn of a drill-press with the arm which carries the drill-spindle, the column heilig slotted and of the oblong or socalled fiat type similar to the one shown in my previous patent. Fig. 2 is a top view of part of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similai- View with parts shown in section on a horizontal line. Figs. 4 and 5 are end views of part of Fig. 1, the first showing Vit viewed from the `left side and the other from the right. Fig. 6, in a view similar to Fig. 1, shows my invention applied to a drill-press with a solid round column. Fig. 7 is an end view of the preceding figure and similar to Fig. 4, showing it from the left side. Fig. 8 is a top view of it and similar to Fig. 2, and Fig. 9 is a rear view of it.

In the drawings such parts which correspond to similar ones in the former patent are designated with the same reference numerals and letters to facilitate comparison and reference.

13 indicates the upriget column, and 14 the arm projecting therefrom, it being held to the former by means of a dovelailed slide 27 at its inner end, which fits and moves on ways 28, extending up and down on the front of the column. 0n the inner side of this slide 27 a nut 45 is formed, which is in engagement with an nprightscrew-shaft44, whereby upon rotation of this latter the vertical adjustment of arm 14 is obtained. The drill-spindle 15 is carried by a drill-head, which in front contains bearings 47 and 48 for it and at its back forms a suitable slide 49, which is fitted onto ways 51 at the front side of arm 14. This manner of support permits the drill-head, with the spindle, to be moved in or out on arm 14, so that the drill may meet the exact position of the work. For the purpose of so moving the drill-head with the spindle a screw 52 is provided and seated in a groove in arm 14 and between the ways 51 thereof.

From the rear surface of slide 49 extends a nut 53 into said groove and receives screw 52, whereby the rotary motion of this latter is transmitted to nut 53 and, as to it and the drill-head, converted at the same time into a longitudinally-linear one. Rotation of screw 52 is obtained manually by means of a handwheel 54. The longitudinal motions of the drill-spindle-that is, its feed motion and the return motion followingmay be obtained in various ways, either by power or by hand, or both, and have no fnrtherbearing on this invention. The transmission of these motions to the spindle is usually by means of a rack 105, engaged by transmitting mechanism and forming part ot' a sleeve 106, which surrounds the drill-spindle and to which it is connected in a manner to move it lengthwise without interfering with its rotation. This rotation may be obtained in various ways-as, for instance, by gear-wheels 82 and S1, the Iirst rotating the drill-spindle and being engaged by the second one, which is mounted at the upper end of a shaft 79. This shaft is supported in bearings 83 and 84, the first formed in an arm extending rearwardly from the top of the drill-head and the other formed on a bracket 85, bolted to the rear side of this drill-head near the lower edge thereof, from which it extends rearwardly and upwardly. Shaft 79 is rotated by a set of bevel- wheels 78 and 80, the first one on the lower end of said shaft and the other on a shaft 36, supported at right angles to shaft 79 and from which this latter wheel 80 receives its motion.

To obtain a better support and alinement of parts, bracket also embraces shaft 36, but withou toperative connection thereto. It is, however, operatively connected to bevelwheel 80 in a manner to cause this latter to maintain its mesh with bevel-wheel 78 on shaft 79 when this latter is moved, with the drillhead, to the various positions to which the same is adjusted. Operative connection of bevel-wheel 8O on shaft 36 is maintained by means of a groove and sliding key or spline. It will now be seen that the drill-spindle in all its adjustments remains always in operative connection with shaft 36 for purposes of receiving rotation therefrom. Shaft 36 receives its rotation from a shaft 35 by means of an interposed gear-train and manipulating mechanism, to be presently described, and shaft 35 receives its motion by means of bevelwheels 34 and 33 from an upright powerdriven shaft 32, supported parallel to column 13 and either within or outside of the same. The-construetion of the gear-train whereby shaft 36 and to a corresponding degree the drill-spindle 15 are driven from shaft 35 with adjustable speed changes and rotated in one direction and also reversed to opposite IOC IOS-

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direction from either of these speed changes forms the leading feature of this invention, and all the other elements previously mentioned have no direct bearing on it and are only introduced in order to obtain a description sufficiently complete for the purpose. Since my invention concerns, therefore, only the means for rotating the drill-spindle at various speeds in one direction and the reversal of such motion to opposite direction, it is clear that these other elements may be modified to suit different types of drill-presses as long as such modifications do not interfere with the application and use ofmy invention.

Shaft 36 is supported at one end in a bearing 37 at the rear side of arm 14 and nearits other end in a bearing l0, projecting from a collar 4l, which is attached to the rear side of slide 27 and fitted around column 13 in a manner to be free to move over the same up and down with arm 14. Shaft 35 is supported in a bearing 1l, projecting inwardly from collar 4l. At their outer ends these shafts are held in alinement by a frame or bracket 39, which may also be attached by means of bolts to collar 41. This bracket may be enlarged to form a casing which incloses and protects the gear-train to be now described; butit is not so shown in order to leave the parts free for observation. Rigidly mounted on shaft 35 there is a gear-pinion 57 in mesh with a larger gear-wheel 59, loosely mounted on shaft 36. Another gear-wheel 56, larger than pinion 57, is also mounted on shaft 35, loosely attached and in mesh with a smaller gear-wheel 53, loosely mounted on shaft 36. By means of a suitable clutch device any one of these gearwheels may be operatively locked to its shaft, so that when gear-wheel 59 is so connected shaft 36, and with it the drill-spindle, will be rotated from pinion 57, and if gear-wheels 5S and 56 are so connected shaft 36 will receive motion from gear-wheel 56. The first engagement constitutes the slow mot-ion for shaft 36 and the drill-spindle operatively connected thereto and is used for heavy work, and the other engagement is the faster one for light work, both causing rotation of the drill-spindle in the same direction, which is also the forward one spoken of before.

The problem to reverse the direction of rotation of the drill-spindle when operatingat either one of these two speeds without shifting or adjusting any of the parts or any additional intermediate ones, the manipulation of the clutch devices only excepted, is solved as follows: A gear-wheel 62 is loosely mounted on shaft 35 close to wheel 56 and by means of an idler 63, supported in frame 39, transmits motion to gear-wheel 58 in reversed direction. The position of this idler and width of its face are such that it remains always in simultaneous engagement with wheels 62 and 58, which engagement is permanent and never broken. By reason of this arrangement shaft 36 and the drill-spindle when receiving motion from shaft 35 by means of these three engaged wheels 62, 63, and 58 are caused to rotate in reverse' direction and the speed of which rotation by reason of the proportions of the transmitting-wheels is a comparatively high one, since no work is done by the drill-spindle at that time.

The clutch devices may be substantially like the ones described in my previous patent, and they consist of double-faced cones A and B, positively connected for rotation to their respective shafts, but free of a sliding adjustment to enter correspondinglyshaped recesses opposite each other in the sides or enlarged hubs of the gear-wheels. Cone A operates between wheels 59 and 58 and cone B operates between wheels 56 and 62, either one of which wheels they may lock by being slid into either one of the opposite recesses thereof. Thus for the slow forward rotation cone A engages wheel 59 by being slid into its recess, and this wheel is now rotated from pinion 57. Since only one wheel can be connected to its shaft at the time, wheel 58 out of contact with cone A is left disconnected on shaft 36 at the time and does not transmit any motion torthis latter whether it rotates or not. For the fast forward motion cone B engages wheel 56 and cone A engages wheel 58, the latter being now rotated from Wheel 56, wheel 59 being disconnected and simply rotates idly.

ment with wheel 58 and cone B into engagement with wheel 62, the transmission being now from the latter to the former by idler 63. To reverse from the fast forward speed, cone B is again shifted into engagement with wheel 62, while cone A requires no shifting, since at that time it is already in engagement with Wheel 58, the transmission being again by means of idler 63.

It may be remarked yet that while the fast forward speed is used the reversing- gears 62 and 63 revolve idly, and at no time is any interference possible, since only one wheel on a shaft can at most be engaged at the time. As shown in the drawings, the clutch devices occupy an intermediate position engaging neither wheels. It will now be seen that the operator in the manipulation of this drillpress and for rotating the drill-tool forward and back again has only to shift the particular clutch back and forth, for which purpose if the interval is short he may keep his hand on the lever which controls movement of the particular cone which he simply swings back and forth, leaving the other hand free to control the vertical movements of the spindle. Thus, for instance, in using the slow forward speed and reversing from it cone A is shifted back and forth between wheels 59 and 58 and when using the fast forward speed and reversing from it cone B is shifted between wheels 56 and 62. Each cone is provided for such purpose with the requisite shifting mechanism consisting of sliding rods, links, and levers, the set of each cone having To reverse from the slow for-y ward speed, cone A is shifted into engage- VIOO IIO

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a manipulating-handle which are indicated respectively by a and b. In the first case the operator will simply keep one hand on handle a and in the other case he would keep it on handle b. Handle ct is at the end of an operating-lever 73, the same as in the former patent, and by means of a ring 74 and pins on it reaching through slot-s in shaft 36 it connects to a sliding rod 71, fitted inside of this latter, and finally by other pins also passing through slots in proper position in shaft 36 rod 7l is again connected to the particular clutch-cone A, all as best shown in Fig. 2 and also more clearly in the old patent. The connection from handle b to clutch-cone B is by means of a rod h', lever h2, pivoted at h3, and a collar b4, which connects to a similar rod 7l, tted into shaft 35. The connection to the clutch-cone is by pins at the inner end of this rod 7l, reaching through slots in shaft 35. rlhe recesses which receive the clutchcones are formed. in the side of the gearwheels,their hubs being simply enlarged with the exception of wheel 58, in which, by reason of its limited diameter, the entire face is extended to one side and the recess obt-ained in this manner.

To prevent unequal and binding strains, all hubs are considerably extended on the side opposite the recesses, so as to obtain an ample bearing-surface in each case.

At certain times and for certain adjustments-as, for instance, when using the slow forward speed and reversing from it--both handles might be temporarily coupled to each other, so that only one handle would have to be manipulated to adjust simultaneously the two cones. For such purpose a pin c would be provided on one handle and a corresponding socket-hole on the other, the connection being a detachable one, so that by lifting one handle-as, for instance, handle h-the connection could be discontinued at any time and each handle left free to be independently manipulated for other uses. (See Figs. l, 2, and 5.) The bracket CZ, which supports rod h', is for such purpose made sufficiently high to permit such lifting.

The frictional engagement of the clutchcones within their recesses for the forward movement of the drill-spindle should not go beyond a certain limit, so that whenever the drill-tool encounters a certain resistance the complementary clutch parts will commence to slip on each other, causing the drill-spindle to automatically cease to rotate. Thus, for instance, in tapping, when the tool should be permitted to reach the bottom of the previously-drilled hole without being stopped in time, damage will be avoided, since the resistance encountered by it will automatically stop further rotation of the spindle. For such purpose I provide screw adjustments, one, 124, for lever-handle a and one, 121i, for lever-handle Z), both limiting the one in the first case engagement of cone A with wheel 59 and in the other case of cone B with wheel 56.

On the second sheet and in Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 I have shown my invention applied to a drill with a column which is solid-that is, not slotted. This requires a different arrangement by change of position of certain parts and by additional means to accomplish the transmission from upright shaft 32 t0 horizontal shaft 35, because by reason of the absence of a slot in column 13 the shaft 35 is entirely outside of such column, which also brings gear-wheels 33 and 34; outside. An additional upright shaft 32 is therefore required, which receives gear-wheel 33 and is driven from shaft 32 by a set of gear-wheels above the upper end of the column. (See dotted lines in Fig. 8.) In this type of drill the dovctailed slide 27 and ways 2S for it are also omitted from between collar 4l and the inner end of arm 14, and the transmission from shaft 36 to the drill-spindle is somewhat modified, all of which features, however, are not considered as new nor do they affect my invention, since in either case the operation of the drill-spindle is dependent as to direction and speed of transmission on the action, as shaft 35 transmits it to shaft 36 by means of my improved gear-train and irrespective of any additional means or changes of parts between shaft 35 and shaft 32 or between shaft 36 and the drill-spindle.

Since shaft 35 is outside of column 13, it becomes desirable for reasons of compactness that shafts 35 and 36 be arranged one below the other instead of beside each other, as first described, and which merely results in a somewhat different shape and manner of attachment to collar al of bracket-frame 39 to accommodate the different positions of the shaft-bearings; otherwise the arrangement of the gear-train whereby shaft 35 transmits motion to the drill-spindle through the medium of shaft 36 and intervenient members is the same as before-that is, there are two speed changes in the forward direction and one at a higher speed than either for reversing. The connection of lever 73 to the particular clutch-cone A is in this case by means of a link a' and lever a2, pivoted at as. Lever 73 is pivoted at a4. As to lever-handle h the difference consists of having it to form a part of a lever b5, pivoted at h6.

Having described my invention, I claim as newl. In a drill-press, an initial power-driven shaft, a drill-spindle, two parallel shafts 35 and 36 forming part of intermediate machine elements whereby the drill-spindle receives motion from the powerdriven shaft, two gear-wheels on each of these parallel shafts, loosely mounted, clutch devices whereby either one of these wheels on either shaft may be operatively connected thereto, an intermediate transmitting-idler permanently in mesh with one of the gear-wheels on each IOO shaft, a transmitting-pinion xedly mounted on one of the shafts and permanently in mesh with the non-engaged wheel on the other shaft and means to manipulate the clutch devices, all as shown and described.

2. In a drill-press an initial power-driven shaft, a drill-spindle, two parallel shafts 35 and 36 forming part of intermediate machine elements whereby the drill-spindle receives motion from the power-driven shaft, a set of gear-wheels between these parallel shafts so proportioned as to transmit motion at comparatively slow speed, another set so proportioned as to transmit motion at a higher speed, the driven wheels and-one of the transmitting ones in one set being loosely mounted, an additional gear-wheel loosely mounted on the driving-shaft, an idler in permanent engagement with this latter wheel and with one of the driven ones, clutch devices to operatively connect the loose wheels to their respective shafts one at a time in each case and means to manipulate these devices.

3. In a drill-press-an initial power-driven shaft, a drill-spindle, two parallel shafts 35 and 36 forming part of intermediate machine elements whereby the drill-spindle receives motion from l[he power-driven shaft, a pinion 57 on shaft 35, a gear-wheel 59 loosely mounted on shaft 36 driven by it, a gear-wheel 56 loosely mounted on shaft 35, a gear-wheel 58 loosely mounted on shaft 36 and driven by wheel 56, another gear-wheel 62 also loosely mounted on shaft 35, an idler 63 permanently in mesh with gear-wheel 62 and gear-wheel 58, clutch devices to lock the loosely-mounted wheels one at a time to their respective shafts and means to manipulate these clutch devices.

4. In a drill-press au initial power-driven shaft, a drill-spindle, two parallel shafts 35 and 36 forming part of intermediate machine elements whereby the drill-spindle receives motion from the power-driven shaft, a set of 'y gear-wheels between these parallel shafts so proportioned as to transmit motion at comparatively slow speed another set so proportioned as to transmit motion atahigher speed, the driven wheels being loosely mounted, an additional gear-wheel on one shaft and a transmitting-idler connecting it with one of the driven wheels mentioned, thus forming with it a set of gear-wheels for reversing the direction of rotation as transmitted by the other two sets of wheels, clutch devices, one for each shaft to lock either one of the loose wheels thereon for operative connection and a manipulating-handle for each clutch device and whereby either the slow or fast transmitting set of gears may be thrown into operation, the operative connection being further such that with either one of these handles the reversin g set of gear-wheels may be thrown into operative connection.

5. In a drill-press an initial power-driven shaft, a drill-spindle, two parallel shafts 35 and 36 forming part of intermediate machine elements whereby the drill-spindle receives motion from the power-driven shaft, a plurality of tightly and loosely mounted gearwheels of graded sizes intermediate the two parallel shafts, clutch devices whereby the loose wheels may be operatively connected to their respective shafts to form operative sets of different speed proportion so that one shaft transmits motion to the other in two speed changes in one direction and at higher speed than either in the other direction, a lever for each clutch device and means whereby these two levers may be temporarily coupled to each other.

6. In a drill-press an initial power-driven shaft, a drill-spindle, two parallel shafts 35 and 36 forming part of intermediate machine elements whereby the drill-spindle receives motion from the power-driven shaft, a plurality of tightly and loosely mounted gearwheels of graded sizes intermediate the two parallel shafts, clutch devices whereby the loose wheels may be operatively connected to their respective shafts to form operative sets of different speed proportion so that one shaft transmits motion to the other in two speed changes in one direction and at higher speed than either in the other direction, a lever 73 to operate one of the clutch devices, a manipulating-handle b to operate the other one, a link b and an intermediate lever b2 to connect it to its clutch device.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

HENRY DRESES.

Witnesses:

C. SPENGEL, ARTHUR KLINE.

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