US657441A - Ventilating-hatch for refrigerator-cars. - Google Patents

Description

'P atented Sept. 4, I900. H. m. MclNTOSH. VENTILATING HATCH FQR REFRIGERATOR CARS.

(Application med Aug. 27, 1898.)

( No Model.)

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Patented Sept 4, 1900.

H. M. memos. VENTILATING HATCH FOB REFRIGERATOR CARS.

(Application filed Aug. 27, 1898.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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No. 657,441. Patented Sept. 4, I900.

H. M. McI NTOSH.-

VENTILATING HATCH FOR REFRIGERATOR CARS. (Application filed Aug. 27, 1898.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheat 3.

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No. 657,441. Patented Sept. 4, I900.

H m. mmrosu. VENTlLATlNG HATCH FOR REFRIGERATOR CARS.

(Applicatiun filed Aug. 21, 1898.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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U ITED" Y PATENT CF I HARRY M. MOINTOSH,WQF on oAeo, r LINoIs:

VENTlEATlNG -HATGH FoRj R-EFRI'G ERATQR-CARS.

'srncrr'reerren forming patter Letters p te t No. 657,441, aatea September 4, ieoo.

Application nta ime :7, 398,

To all u'zhom it may concern." I L 1 I Be it known that I, HARRY M. Molrrrosrr, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident'of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImproveinents in Ventilating Hatches for Refrigerator Cars, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to hatches which are also used for ventilating'purposes' The objects of my improvement are to provide secure covers or hatches for the ice-holesor hatchways of refrigerator-cars, to utilize such hatches for ventilating-hoods by which the current of air caused by a' moving train can be turned downwardly and directed. through the body of the car with the greatest possible force, unimpeded by unnecessary obstructions, and to simplify the construction of p the necessary parts and reduce the possibility of their loss or destruction. I attain these objects by the means and by the arrangement of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of the top of a reA frigerator -car with one form of apparatus 1 embodying my improvement attached. Fig. 3 2 is a view, partly in end elevation and partly I in transverse section, of the end of a refriger- 1 ator-car with the form of my invention shown in Fig. 1 applied thereto. Fig. 3is an enlarged i sectional view of the same form of my im-% proved hatch on the dotted line 1 1 of Fig. 1, 1

represented as closed by the solid lines and f open for ventilat-ionby the dotted lines. Fig. 3 4 represents another form of apparatus embodying my invention wherein the VQIltllfiJi-g ing-lids are hinged to a hatch, whichintu-rni is attached to the car-roof, a portion being broken away to show the internal construc- 1 tion. Fig. 5 is a front view of the cons-trilc- 1 tion shown inFig. 4. Fig. 6 isa longitudinal section of the same, taken on the dotted line 2 2, looking in the direction of the arrows. 1 Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional'view of Fig. i 4:, taken on. the dotted line 3 3, lookinginthe direction of-theiarrows. Fig. 8 shows an-i other arrangementembodying the principles of my device in which thetriangular lids are hinged, together with the remaining portions 1 of a rectangular hatch-cover, to a pivotallyserial tit. 689,629. (No model.)

i attached diagonal framing. Fig. 9 is a front verse section on the dotted line 4 4. Fig. 11

is a detail perspective of the rear fastening of the diagonal framing. Fig. 12 shows an- 1 other arrangement embodying the principles of my invention in which the hatch isdivided centrally and the two parts are separately hinged. Fig. 13 is a transverse sectional view of the same on the dotted line 5 5. Fig. 14 is a transverse sectional view of a portion of the same, taken on dotted line 6 6. Fig.

15 isa longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 12, taken on the dotted line 7 '7; Fig. 16 is an are well understood and no detailed description of either is necessary. It is sufficient "to say that such cars have their external portions carefully constructed with reference to non-conduction of heat and cold and that the modern if not the universal practice is to build ice boxes or chambers in each end of the car to contain ice when refrigeration of the contents of the caris necessary. Two openings or hatchways are placed over each ice-box, one on eitherside of theroof, through which ice is introduced. 1 These openings are provided with covers or hatches by which they can be securely closed. There are, however, seasons of the year and portions of the journey on many long routes in which the use of ice is not desirable, but during which it is necessary to ventilate the interiors of the cars. The hatchways are the most conveni ent andpracticable medium through which the air can be conducted into and from the car. It is the common practice to'hinge the hatches or covers'to the car-deck at the portion of the hatchway most remote from the end of the car. When ventilation is desired, the hatches are raised and supported in an inclined position toward the car ends. The motion ofthe train creates an air-current Many methods have been devised to'hold the hatches in proper ventilating position and separately or in combination to protect the opening thus left. This has usually been done by screens and side wings hinged to the cover or to each other and arraihged tobe folded upon each other or upon the coverwhen not in use or to be disposed in pockets or receptacles formed for the purpose. The

necessity of such storage in limited space requires such screens and wings to be made of comparatively-light material, which when framed orhinged together are very liable to breakage or injury under the careless handling and severe conditions ofrailway service. The hatches inclined as described do not furnish the most ready passage for yairrcurrent's, and the use of a perpendicular -or nearly-perpendicular screen seriously impedes the passage of the ventilating-current.

My improvements meet and overcome these difficulties, as will hereinafter be more fully explained, reference being had to the draw .ings, in which the same letters represent like parts throughout.

A represents the top ofa refrigerator-car, and A the foot or running board, extending from end to end ofthe same. 3 represents the ice-openings or hatchways, and O- the raised edge or coaming surrounding the same.

These parts may beof the usual or any wellknown or convenient construction.

The covering or hatch to which my invention particularly relates comprises triangularly-shaped lids a a, which in the form shown in Fig. 1 are attached by hinges b to. the forwardly-diverging hinge-cleats C. The latter ,mo'venient of the train.

except as the sealing devices are broken.

When it isdesired to.,form.a ventilating-hood, the covers are raised, as'shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 3, the edge of the lip a is fitted to the grooveo throughout its length, and the staples d and d are passed, respectively, through the openings d and d being sealed atd by the .sealing-hookd -A triangularlyformed hood is thus produced, its largest end beingpresented-to the end of the car and adapted to receive and convey the full current of air as a forced draft caused by the Such currentof air being thus deflected and toa certain extent compressed, it is much more readily forced through: a horizontal screen closing the iceopening, as shown inFig s. 4 and 8, than if the screen were applied at the front of the hood, as is now frequently done. I

In the construction of my device as shown in Figs. 4 'to 7, inclusive, in which the plan view 'of the'top of anice-hatch fitted with my device is shown, a substantial framing D surrounds the hatch-coaming O. Framing-timbers F extend diagonally from the central rear portion of the hatch-cover to the forward are suitably raised from the top of the car by' also to provide means for holding the lids in proper relative position when raised, the

under side of the lid (the right one inFig. 3) i is grooved to admit the insertion of a plate a, which is securely fastened thereto. The plate a projects beyond the opening between thef lids and is'seated in a corresponding depresi sion in the'other lid,thus making a uniformiy- 1 In order to.pro- 1 vide means forlocking the lids in open posi- I level surface underneath.

- tion, staplesd and d may be attached to the edges of a in substantially the same horizontal plane. Theother lid (1 may be provided in like manner with a broad projecting plate a which, if desired, may be providedwith a.

the openings 01 and'd shallow groove 0 on its under side, along the s.

outer edge thereof and a short distance there'- from, and through the said plate aremade It will be seen that in this case is not in any waydilferent than when applied directly'to, the car, either when closed orwhen used .as a'ventilating-hood. If desired, the screen may befittedin the triangular space beneath the said lids and beventilating appliances. i The screen f is practi'cally an integralpart thereof and fully protected, against injury whether the hatch is 'openedor closed,and' it will be further observed;. thatas long as the opening isxused only for ventilating and the ice-plugor insulating medium provided therefor is unused the hatch proper need not be opened.. All

that is necessary to givecomplete ventilation g V IIO The 7 iota 41 without distiirbingthe complete protection of the car is to open the lids a and to place and fasten them in proper relative positions.

The foregoing description applies also to the forms of myimprovement shown in Figs. 8t0

11, inclusive, except to the special features therein shown and which will now be de scribed. In the form shown in Fig. 8 diagonal timbers H extend from a central pointin the rear of the hatch-opening, respectively right and left to the forward corners of the same, where they are pivotally connected by the bolts 71. h to the timbers I I. The triangular lids, above referred to, are arranged to form a cover for the internal triangular spaces thus form ed. The remainder of the hatch-covering may be framed and built in the usual manner to be pivotally attached to the diagonal timbers H H by the hingesjj. In the arc of the circles of which the pivots h h are the center are guide-rods g, attached at their extremities to the car top or framing and which pass through the eyebolt 7c. The latter in turn passes through the rear ends of the diagonal timbers H H, where it is securely fastened by some suitable device, as the wing-nut Z. The object of thus arranging the portion of the decking outside the triangular timbers H is to allow the same to be turned upwardly from the roof of the car' when it is desired to open the hatches, and by loosening the attachment of the timbers H at the rear the same can be swung to each side, guided by the rods g, thus exposing the ice-opening throughout its full capacity. In this form of the device the screen can, if desired, be hinged to a convenient portion of the ice-opening, as shown in Fig. 15, being swung out of the way or adjusted in any other convenient method.

The construction shown in 12 is substantially like the form shown in Fig. 4, but having the main hatch divided longitudinally in two parts, which are suitably hinged, upon each of which are respectively turned back thelids above described. If desired,the screen to be used in combination with this form of my device may be separate therefrom and hinged to a convenient portion of the hatchcoaming, as shown in Fig. 15, or, as is evident, it may be divided and one half attached to each of the two main portions of the hatch.

I have now set forth the nature and objects of my invention and illustrated the same by several operative and practical examples. I

do not, however, intend to limit myself to any particular form of construction; but

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is.

1. The combination,with a refrigerator'car having an ice-opening; of a cover for the ice opening comprising lids adapted to open and close on opposite sides of the ice-opening on axes converging toward each other and trending lengthwise of the cars and means for securing the lids together in raised position and closing the opening between the edges of the lids to provide a hood whereby the air entering between the lids is deflected and led as a forced draft into the ice-opening. v

2. The combination,with a refrigerator-car having an ice-opening; of a cover for the iceopening comprising lids having overlapping edges and adapted to open and close on opposite sides of the ice opening on axes converging toward each other and trending lengthwise of the car, lockin g devices located along the overlapping edges of the lids, and means for securing the lids together in raised position and closing the opening between the edges of the lids to provide a hood whereby the air entering between the lids is deflected and led as a forced draft into the ice-opening.

3. The combination-,with a refrigerator-car having an ice-opening; of a cover for the iceopening comprising lids having underlapping and overlapping plates respectively and adapted to open and close on opposite sides of the ice-opening on axes converging toward each other and trending lengthwise of the car, and means for securing the plates together when the lids are in raised position to provide a hood whereby the air entering between the lids is deflected and led as a forced draft into the ice-opening.

4. A refrigerator-car having an ice-openin g in the roof thereof, a hatch or cover for the said opening, said hatch being pivotally connected to the roof of the car and provided with pivoted sections or lids having an extension-plate on the first adapted to fit under the second and an extension-plate on the second adapted to fit over the first, said lids or sections adapted when raised to form a ventilating-hood, substantially as described.

5. A refrigerator-car having an ice-opening in the roof thereof, a hatch or cover for the said opening divided longitudinally into two sections eachindependently and pivotally connected with the roof of the car, said hatch being provided with convergingly hinged overlapping lids, one to each section, constructed with a fixed extension-plate on the first adapted to lap under-the body of the second and a fixed extension-plate on the second adapted to lap over the body of the first, and means for securing the said lids together when in a raised position with their edges meeting, substantially as described.

6.. A refrigerator-carhaving an ice-opening in the roof thereof, a hatch or cover for said opening divided into two sections, each independently and pivotally connected with the roof of the car, a ventilating-opening in the said cover and a screen to protect the same, said hatch or cover being provided with convergingly-hinged lids, one to each section, constructed with a fixed extension-plate on the first adapted to underlap the body of the second and a fixed extension-plate on the second adapted to overlap the body of the first,with locking devices along the exposed edges of the said plates, substantially as described.

7. In combination with a refrigerator-car having a rectangular ice-opening inthe roof thereof, timbers pivotally connected with the 'front corners of the opening and normally meeting at the rear side, means for movably securing the meeting ends of the said timhers; triangular overlapping lids hinged to said timbers and adapted to close the space between them when shut, means for securing the proximate edges of these lids together when raised, to form a ventilating-hood, and wings secured to the outer edges of said timbers to close the remaining portions of said rectangular opening, substantially asdescribed. I g

8; In combination with a refrigerator-car having a rectangular ice-opening in the roof scribed.

thereof, timbers pivotally connected with the front corners of the opening and normally meeting at the rear side, means for normally securing the meeting ends of said timbers, triangularflids pi'votallyattached. to said timbers and adapted to close the space between the same when shut and to form a ventilating-hood when open, andtriangular wings hinged to the outer edges of said timbers and adapted to close the remaining portions of the rectangular opening, substantially as de- HARRY MoINTosH. Witnesses:

W. A. HosEY', M. A. KNAPP.

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