US622629A - Ernest jules pierre - Google Patents

Description

No. 622,629. Patented Apr. 4, I899. E. J. P. MERCADIER &. H. R. J. PIEBHUIN.

MULTIPLE TELEGRAPH.

(Application filed Jan. 3, 1896.) QNo Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

No. 622,629. Patented Apr. 4, I899.

E. J P. MERCADIER & H. n. J. PIERQUIN.

MULTIPLE TELEGRAPH.

' (Application filed Jan. 3, 1898.) v (No 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

"m: NoRms warms c0. vnorou'mou wAsHmrmw u c No. 622,629. Patenfed Apr. 4, I399. E. J. P. MERCADIER & H. R. J. PIEBHUIN.

MULTIPLE TELEGRAPH.

(Application filed Jan 3, 1896.) (No Model.) 3 sheetq shaet 3.

15mm); M

MS u m 7 w NS I 7 M W M Ms? 2 K w mi E www NITED. STATES PATEN Enron.

ERNEST JULES PIERRE MEROADIER AND HENRI ROBERT .IOSEPI-I PIERQUIN,

OF PARIS, FRANCE.

MULTIPLE TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 622,629, dated April 4, 1899. Application filed January 3,1896. Serial No. 574,218. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we," ERNEST J ULES PIERRE MERCADIER and HENRI ROBERT JOSEPH PIER- QUIN, citizens of the French Republic, resid- .ing at Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Multiple Telegraphs, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to a combination of IO the following apparatus in a system of multiple telegraph by the employment of alternate or undulatory vibration currents.

Our apparatus comprises First, two joint induction-coils whose primary wires are in the transmitting-circuit, which contains twelve vibrating transmitters.

The secondary Wires of these coils are shunt ed by graduated condensers.

Second, a telemicrophonic translator composed of a telephone whose electromagnet bears two wires and of a carbon microphonic contact on a spring. The translator is in the same circuit with twelve monotelephonic receivers or indicators as previously patented 2 5 by E. J. P. Mercadier, (United States Patent No. 447,194, of February 24, 1891,) which are adjusted with the corresponding twelve vibrating transmitters.

Third, an artificial telegraph-line so arranged that the secondary wire of the second induction-coil connects with that line and one of the wires of the electromagnet on the translator, while the secondary Wire of the first induction-coil connects with the other wire of 3 5 the electromagnet on the translator and with the telegraph-line which connects the two corresponding stations.

The graduated condensers and the artificial line are so regulated that the vibrating induc- 0 tion-currents generated in the secondary wire of the first induction-coil pass through the translator without vibrating the receivers or indicators of'the station which transmits the signals. The currents travel forth on the line and set the translator and monotelephonic receivers of the station at the other end in vibration. The latter station may operate in the same manner, so that the signals sent simultaneously by the two stations cross each other on the line Without confusion or neutralization. Thus a system of multiplex telegraphy is produced by which twelve telegrams can be sent and received over the same line either Way and simultaneously,

We will now describe the action of the various apparatus, proceeding step by step in chronological order.

In the drawings, Figure l is a diagrammatic view of the system at one station. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the two stations. Fig. 3 shows one of the translators in sectional detail. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing how the vibrators are connected up in the system.

In the drawings the transmitters, Fig. 4, may be vibrators of any kind whatever. We use, preferably, tuning-forks, which are kept in motion by electromagnets E and batteries pe in a circuitwhich is completed when the steel wire Se touches the platinumpla'te Ac. Only threevibrators are illustrated, which give the following notes: B (third 0ctave,) O (fourth 0ctave,) and C-sharp (fourth octave.) There are really twelve of them in musical divisions of ascending scale of one-half tone. These vibrators produce vibrating currents by the aid of batteries pt whenever the wires St, attached to the vibrators by insulated screws m', touch the platinum plates A15, and thus close the circuit. which comprises the primary wires 1 of the induction conver- 8o ters T.

When operating the keys 07m in using the Morse alphabet, the vibrating induction-currents which are generated in the secondary wires 2 of the converters T traverse altogether the primary wires 1 of the two joint induction-coils Be Bl, which take part in the transmitter-circuit Cit. Then new vibrating induction-currents are generated simultaneously in the secondary wires 2 2 of the coils Be andBZ, which are shunted by the graduated condensers C6 and Cl. The vibrating induction-currents of coil Bl pass through the wire fl of the electromagnet of the telemicrophonic translator R and travel forth afterward on the telegraphic circuit formed by lines L and 2 or by line L and the earth, Fig. 4; but at the same time the vibrating induction-currents of coil Be pass through the wire fe of the electromagnet of trans- 10o lator R and through the artificial line Lac, which latter form a closed circuit Cte.

' lator R.

By regulating the graduated condensers Cc and Cl and the artificial line properly the vibrant induction-currents from the coils Be and Bl, which pass simultaneously, but in opposite direction over the wires fe and fl of translator R, have at all times the same energy .and run. The action of the currents is neutralized on the diaphragm cl of the trans- The diaphragm does not vibrate. The microphonic carbon contact m, attached to spring 0", remains in position against the carbon disk 13. No variation of current results in the circuit created by the insulated spring 0", the contact mp, the diaphragm cl of translator R, the microphonic battery pm, and the primary wire 1 of the induction-coil Br of the microphone. This precludes vibrant induction-currents in the secondary wire 2 of this coil Br and in circuit Ctr, comprising the monotelephone-receivers B (third octave,) O (fourth octave,) and O sharp (fourth octave,) Fig. 4, and nine similar ones not appearing in this figure. They are shown connectedly under R0 in Fig. 1. Their diaphragms are'arranged in a manner to give the same sounds as produced by the diaphragms of the twelve vibrators, which are in the transmitting-circuit 0256, Figs. 4 and 1.

Thus by these means the vibrating currents transmitted by coil Bl from one station cause no vibration in the receivers of that station, but reach by the telegraphie'line L L, Fig. 1, the station A, and traverse the secondary wire 2 of coil Bl of the latter station and the wire fl of its translator R without neutralization of force. The diaphragm cl of the translator vibrates immediately, also the microphone of the translator and the receiving monotelephones R0, Fig. 1, so that each of them reproduces the samesounds as the vibrant transmitter with which it is tuned in accordance with the scale which the corresponding key 'mn gives, Fig. 4.

It is manifest that station B, Fig. 2, can transmit simultaneously twelve telegrams to the receivers at station A and that station A can at the same time under like conditions send twelve telegramsto station B. These two stations can therefore exchange simultaneously twenty-four telegrams-i. e. twelve telegrams can travel one way and twelve the other. This precisely is the purpose indicated in the introduction of the present specification.

We can now supplement the description of the principal apparatus mentioned.

The vibrating transmitter of which we make use and which we call electrodiapason (electric tuning fork) has been sufficiently described before.

The induction-converters T, which are inserted into the transmission-circuit Oil, Fig. l, are coils with joint primary and secondary wires of low resistance.

In the two joint induction-coils Be and Bl secondary wire 2 2 is long and fine, and its resistance is four hundred to five hundred times greater than the resistance of-the primary wire of the same coil.

The two graduated condensers Ce and Cl, which shunt the coils Be and Bl, are ordinary condensers of one microfarad, which may be divided into tenths. Their capacity can be modified at will, and the self-induction of the secondary wires of the coils Be and Bl, as well as of the circuits comprised, can be adjusted similarly. This is indispensable for regulation of currents.

The artificial telegraph-line Lac is formed by a box containing resistance-coils combined with condensers whose resistance and total capacity can be so varied that they represent the resistance and capacity of the real telegraph-line L L, on which the signals are sent.

The telemicrophonic translator R must be very sensitive, because ithas to transmit electric waves coming over a line of great length and of such high capacity to the receiving apparatus. It consists, Fig. 3, of a wooden base S S, on which it is held by an iron knee or in some other appropriate way. Bymeans of a screw Vl run through the wooden base the apparatus can be inclined more or less.

The apparatus proper is an ordinary large telephone, on the coils b of which two parallel wires are rolled. On the diaphragm cl of this telephone a disk of carbon 19 is attached. Opposite this disk 1) is another carbon contact 0, supported by a metallic elastic lever 0', which hangs 011 the highest part of the instrument. This lever consists of a flat slim spring provided at its lower part with a certain weight m, which renders it like an elastic pendulum, and the carbon contact 0 is attached to the weight. This pendulum is electrically insulated from the other parts of the mechanism by ebonite plates, on which the suspension-point O is located.

In order to annul the effects of external Vibration on the translator, a rubber tube 25, fixed on the wooden base S S, Fig. 3, rests on twoother rubber tubes t i parallel to each other and fixed on a board P P, which is placed on a solid table by means of two other rubber tubes T Tl. (This table is not represented in Fig. 3.) The point of the screw Vl in turning rests at the bottom of a hollow in the metallic piece 0.

By means of an adjustment effected by the screw Vl as sensitive a microphonic contact can be obtained as may be desired. The effect is powerful, because the pendulum remains almost motionless,while the diaphragm vibrates only when receiving currents whose number is equal to the number of vibrations of the corresponding tones. It is useless to describe these apparatuses further. They are the monotelephones already patented by E. Mercadier. (United States Patent No. 447,194, of February 24, 1891.)

YVe claim as our invention 1. In a system of multiplex telegraphy produced by the employment of alternate or undulatory vibrating currents, in combination with the vibrators or tuning-forks an equal numberof ind notion-converters, the two joint induction-coils Whose primary Wires are in circuit of the secondary Wires of the converters, the graduated condensers shunting the secondary Wires of the coils, and the telemicrophonic translator having its Wires connected with said secondary Wires of the joint induction-coils as specified above.

2. In combination with the vibrators or tuning-forks, an equal number of inductionconverters controlled by said vibrators, the two joint induction-coils Whose primary Wires are in circuit with secondary coils of the converters, the graduated condensers forming as described.

In testimony whereof We have signed this specification-in the presence of two subscribin g witnesses.

ERNEST JULES PIERRE MERCADIER. HENRI ROBERT JOSEPH PIERQUIN WVitnesses: CLYDE SHROPSHIRE, JULEs FAYOLLET.

-1nitters being equal in number, substantially

Images