US5729A - jordan i - Google Patents

Description

J! Ll Cooking Stove.

No. 5,729. Patented Aug. 22, 1848,

nnrren STATE PATENT orrioe.

JORDAN n m, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

COOKING-STOVE.

Specification fornIingpa-nt of: Letters Patent dated Au'gnst 22, 1848; Reissued April 30,

and useful Improvements in Cooking-Stoves and in Grates Therefor, which Latter are Applicable to Furnaces-in: General, and that.

the following is a full, clear, and. exact description of the principle or character which distinguishes them: from all other things be-- fore known and of the manner of making; constructing, and using the same, reference a being had to the accompanying drawingsgrv; making part of this specification, in. which- T Figure 1 is aperspective view of: my improved stove; Fig; 2, a horizontal section:v taken just above the oven;. Fig. 8', a verticalii section taken at the line :12 a: of Fig; 2 Fig;

4, a horizontal sections thereof taken at theline 2, a, of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5, a. separate view of the shaft ofthe grate clearers.

The same letters indicate like: parts; inga-ll' thefigures; v

The first part of my invention relates to the methodof equalizing, the heat to he:

given to the oven on all sides by increasing the radiating surface: as the intensity of the temperature ot the products of combus'- tion diminishes as they recede from the fire r chamben. With this viewthe top oven plate;

over which the products. of combustion first pass in leaving the fire chamber has been covered with some bad conductor of heat, I and the bottom under which the heat. passes with the least intensity I havemade of tubes': with the view to increase the radiating suitface, but although these tend to equalize the heat in the oven, yet they effectit. in: part. only, and experience has shown: that. with the view to bake equally in stoves of this kind it became necessary for-the cook' to turn the articles under treatment in th oven, so that without this attention bad". or"

unequal baking must be the: consequence.

The features of novelty in this part of my invention effectually avoid this defect; andi consist in covering theforwardw ipartv say about one half of the top plate of. the oven, with fire brick or other. bad conductor, and

in making: the back of the: oven of vertical tubes when this'is combined with the bottom of cylindrical or nearly cylindrical. tubes, so

that the; products. of, combustion when they" pass out from: the fire: chamber, first pass; over that part of! the; oven which is covered;

with fire brick, then over. themetalpl'ate of the rear-part of the top plate, down the two outside back: tubes, through the twoside bot-- Ttom fiues=,-back through themiddle bottom tubeuand up: thenb'ack middle tube to the chimney, the middle tube'at the bottom and back being 'of greater capacity then either i of. the side ones; In this way the top, back rand! bottom are'equally heated, the front bel'ing; regulated to correspond with theseqin any of the. known modes.

The second part 'ofmy invention relates to the method of preventing the heat that passes through the fines from escaping into 1 the: room, and consists in lining theiinSldefLOf the bottom plate of the stove with any of the 5 knownrefractory earthy cements. This not.

only prevents the wasteful. radiation of heat iinto the room,v which is not needed in winter, and which is. very objectionable in. sumwould: otherwise be lost is; thus: retained in gthe' space: occupied by 'thezbottom flue tubes 2 to be transmitted by conduction. to' the oven,

'that the bottom of the oven. maythus be enabled in; additibn to the enlarged surface 'for radiation to give out as much heat as the front, topglan'd back, and in: addition to allthis the: liningiof. the: bottom this way will prevenut thefl'oor or carpetfrom being injured or: set on! fire by the overheating of the bottom plate.

The thirdpar't 'of my invention relates to .d

imer, but at? the same time the heat which i theimakingot the frontpartof: the top plate of the stove; so that it shall not be broken ihy -unequal. expansion or contraction, that lpart' being exposed: to a much higher. temperature than the other parts of the top; tplate: In! my stove for anthracite coal in xwhi'c'hI use a' feeder forpreparing. the coal 1 much inconvenience has arisen from the frequent breakingof that partof the top plate of. the stove which also constitutes the topthe of the feeder in consequence of the temperature: to which it islqez'zposedarbeing much greater there than: at. the other parts of theitop platet The thirdpart of my in- Iventidn: consists therefore, in" making; this part of: the'top plate separate fromjtheiresti below the surface to receive the separate piece of the top plate and to make a bed therefore and which is not injured for this purpose when cracked by unequal expansion and contraction.

The fourth part of my invention relates to the mode of making stove doors airtight and Consists in making the jointed edge of the door with a round bead to turn in a cylindrical groove formed along the edge of the door frame which efi'ectually renders this edge of the door air tight. And the fifth part of my invention relates to the grate and the mode of clearing it of ashes,

cinder, slag, &c., and consists in making the back and front part of the bottom of the fire chamber oftwo plates that are inclined .in opposite directions with a sufficient space between them for a shaft provided with formed at the grated part of the bottom where they are easily cleared out by the passage of the cams between the grates when the shaft is rotated. The grate or fire-bottom thus formed is placed below the coal feeder, such as I have heretofore patented with the upper edge of the front, inclined, bottom plate a little below the lower edge of the front plate of the feeder to leave a space for the passage of air into the stratum of coal above the bottom plate, in this way the coal in an incandescent state at the bottom is acted upon by the draft from below to supply oxygen for the combustion there, the stratum above, which is approaching the incandescent state, being provided with the oxygen required by the upper draft by means of which the carbonic acid produced below (being the product of a. perfect combustion there) is prevented from taking up another charge of carbon from the stratum of coal above which if permitted would produce carbonic oxid, a combustible gas, and which if permitted to pass out in that condition would waste the fuel,but by supplying the stratum of coal immediately above the inclined fire bot-tom with a separate draft in an oblique direction toward the flue, the carbon in this part takes up its equivalent of oxygen to form carbonic acid while the draft through the lower stratum passes in like manner directly to the flue in the condition of carbonic acid. In this way the product of combustion is carbonic acid, an lncombustlble gas or nearly so, and

which therefore does not in its escape waste anyportion of the fuel as would be the case if it escaped in the condition of carbonic oxid.

In the accompanying drawings (a) reprcsents the fire chamber into which the coal is fed through the door (6) of a feeder in front, the bottom (0) of which is cast with the front plate (cl) and curved backwardtoward the fire-box (6) so that the coal thrown into the feeder runs down the bottom thereof into the fire box as it is consumed. The top (f) of the feeder is cast separate from the top plate (g) of the stove and secured to it by screw bolts which pass through holes large enough to admit of a slight play so that the plate shall not be cracked by unequal expansion and contraction. The front part of the top-plate of the stove is cast with a recess to receive the plate (f) that the two may be flush, and to prevent the top plate from warping in casting and from breaking in handling. The front part of the top plate of the stove may be'cast with a thin plate or rib (h) to unite the two sides in casting and to prevent breakage in handling and on which the top plate of the feeder rests. After the plate has been cast and the stove put together, the breaking of this connect-ing plate is of no consequence.

The fire box is made of two inclined plates (j 7') one front and one back united together by vertical end plates and by two loops (is k) one at each end and at the bottom where the two inclined plates nearly meet one only of which is represented in the drawings by dotted line Fig. 2. The lower edges of these plates are grated as at (m m The loops form boxes in which rest and turn the journals of a shaft (Z) that lies in the space between the two plates, and

on this shaft there are eccentric plates (9%) which when the shaft is rotated by acrank handle (0) outside pass between the grate bars and clear them out, the ashes, cinders, slag, &c., are thus liberated from the grates and discharged; and if desired the edges and facesof these eccentric plates may be serrated the better to act on the slag and other hard substances.

p The upper edge of the front plate of the firebox is placed a short distance below the lower edge of the feeder to leave a free lies above a plane passing from the bottom (if this draft-opening to the flue for the purpose ofsup'plying the coal, which is then partially ignited, with the required quantity of airforits combustion, and as the coal lies in an inclined stratum on the bottom space (see the arrow) for'the introduction of the draft to that part of thecoal which The draft for the lower stratum of coal, that is the part in the fire-box and below the upper draft just described, passes through the grate at the bottom and acts on the coal resting thereon, which, when the furnace is in full action, is in an incandescent state, and as it is gradually consumed the mass above which is gradually prepared, is forced down by gravity to re plenish the fire-box. In this way the stratum of coal is always kept of the required thickness to enable the oxygen of the atmosphere in passing through to unite as near as possible with that proportion of carbon which will produce carbonic acid the product of a perfect combustion and no more; and as the greater portion of fuel lies on that portion of the fire box which is not perforated the coal is not exposed to the cooling effects of the draft as in an open grate, except where the draft must pass through, viz, at the bottom to supply the combustion of that part of the mass which is in the fire box, and between the top of the fire box and the lower edge of the feeder, that part of the mass above being supplied by the upper draft that it may be prepared for the firebox. The ends and back of the fire chamber may be lined with fire brick (p, p, 10,) in the usual manner.

The products of combustion pass from the back of the fire chamber over the top of the oven, the forward half of which is sunken as at (g) to receive fire brick (r) or other refractory earthy substance that its upper surface may be flush with the rear part of the plate. From this the draft divides and passes down two vertical tubes (8 s) at the back and within the back plate (t) of the stove, thence along two horizontal tubes (at u) at the bottom around the ends thereof into and back through another tube (12) between the two tubes (u a) and then up to the exit pipe (10) through a vertical tube (00) at the back and between the tubes (s s). The tubes (8 s) and (a1)have their upper and lower ends let into collar plates as at (y) and constitute the back of the oven, and therefore present a much greater surface for the radiation of heat than a fiat plate would; and the tubes (u a) and (o) constitute the bottom of the oven, and are in like manner connected at the ends by being let into end plates. At the back the horizontal tubes (at a) and communicate with the vertical tubes (8 s) and (00) by means of partition plates (2 a). Itshould be observed that the middle tubes of the back and bottom series are made of greater capacity than those each side of them, as the draft that passes through the two side tubes of each series has'to return through the single middle one. That face of the tubes which is inside of the oven may be made with a double curve, as represented in the'crosssection Fig. (6) by which I 'inclose the series of tubes are lined with some earthy refractory cement or polished metallic substance to prevent the escape of heat from them. into the room, so that the heat radiated from the outer surface of the'tubes will circulate and pass up between the tubes into the oven, and thus save much of the heat which would otherwise be transmitted to the room, at the same time avoiding the possibility of charring or injuring the floor and wall or partition against which the back of the stove may be placed, thus avoiding what has heretofore been a source of great inconvenience. For the purpose of kindling the fire there isa register valve (6) that leads from the flue above the oven'into the exit-pipe to give a direct draft for kindling the fire.

For the purpose of making the hinged edge of the oven door as nearly air tight as possible, it is made with around bead (0) that rolls in a concave (rl) which is a projection from the stove plate in the form of a segment of a cylinder, the ends (0 e) of which extend around farther to form boxes for the journals of the hinge which are made within the length of the door. In this way the whole edge of the door turns in a sleeve or hinge case and when the door is closed against the frame, the bead on the lower edge will be forced back against the inner face of this sleeve or case to make a close or air-tight joint. The hinge of the door of the feeder is made in the same way (see corresponding letters), as it is highly important to have it air-tight, to prevent the inward draft, for the introduction of atmospheric air at this place would consume the combustible gases distilled from the coal in the feeder where the heat which would be thus produced is not wanted.

Some of the advantages arising from the improvements above described in the fire chamber, fire box and grate cleaners may be obtained under various modifications, as for instance, the advantage of the double draft may be obtained by making the fire box with a flat grate, the front and back being vertical and tight, or with the grate extending up in front, with the front doors of the stove shut against it, when desired to shut 120.

out the draft from the front part.' I

The advantages arising from having the front and back of the fire box inclined may be realized to some extent without the feeder and grate cleaner. And the grate cleaners may be employed with a grate having straight bars by placing the shaft below the grate, and when the length of the grates re- .quire it, any desired number of shafts with clearers thereon may be placed under the grates'at such distance apart, as to Work clear of each other, the shafts outside of the furnace being provided each With a crank-handle to be Worked separately or all connected together to be rotated at the same time. It Will be obvious from the fore going that the fire-box and grate clearers above described are applicable to other furnaces as Well as to cooking and other stoves, and that the grate cleaner is also applicable to open grates and therefore I Wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not Wish to limit myself to the use of these in the fire places of cooking and other stoves.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Making the back of the oven of a series of vertical flue tubes, in combination with the flue tubes in the bottom, substantially as herein described, to equalize the heat of the oven.

2. I claim lining the inside surface of the bottom plate of the stove With some refractory earthy cement or polished substance as described in combination With the series of flue tubes constituting the back and bottom of the oven for the purpose and in the manner substantially as described.

3. I claim making the front part of the top plate separate from, and attached to the top plate by bolts or otherwise substantially as described, When combined With the sunken connecting pieces (72.) whereby the cracking frame the bead on the hinged edge of the.

door shall be forced back against the inside of the flange, case or curved projection as described.

5. I claim the combination of a fire box made With a grate or openings for draft in the bottom thereof, substantially as described, With the coal feeder having an aperture or apertures for draft between it and the upper edge of the fire-pot substantially in the manner and for the purpose above described.

JORDAN L. MOTT.

WVitnesses V N. D. VAN DOREN, EDWARD LEWIS.

[FIRST PRINTED 1913.]

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