US521863A - Steam-boiler furnace - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

O. D. ORVIS.

STEAM BOILER FURNACE.

No. 521,863. i Patented June 26,1894.

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v STEAM BOILER. FURNACE.

0. 521,863. Patented June 26, 1394.

{No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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.STBAMBOILER FURNACE.

Patented J11 N In) (No Model.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 4. .0. D. O'RVIS. STEAM BOILER PURNAGB.

Patented June 26, 1894 I a i i IIIIIIIII;IIAWA III,

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(No Model.)

Patented June 26,1894.

WOZ766636 Z6 to the lettersofreference marked thereon,

- represents the front plate of a steam boiler invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Steam-Boiler Furnaces; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and explete combustion of the smoke, andin which tort being open along its under side to receive UNIT D STATES PATENT I OFFICE.

oaE D. ORVIS, on CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-BOILER FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 521,863, dated June 26, 1894.

Application filed March 12, 1894- To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, OREL D.ORVIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have act description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and

which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to down draft furnaces. Its object is to secure a construction whereby more perfect combustion of the fuel may be obtained than is practicable in furnaces of this class now in use; in which the furnace may be fed below the down draft grate bars if desired; in which provision is made for comthe highest possible efficiency'in steam production is secured.

The invention consists in the use of two fire-boxes whose grate bars are water pipes communicating with the boiler; a cylindrical retort lying between the two fire-boxes and leading to the combustion chamber, such re-v the products of combustion; and such other parts and arrangement of parts as are hereinafter described. 1

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l,

furnace. Fig. 2, is a plan section on-the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3, is a verticallongitudinal section on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4, is a transverse vertical section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5,is a plan section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1. Figs. 6 and 7, are transverse sections showing modified forms of a retort. Fig. 8, is a side elevation of, the pipe system of the section of the retort shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9, isa transverse vertical section through the grate bars showing the application of my invention to the Lancashire form of steam boiler furnaces, and Fig. 10,.isa plan section on the line 10-l0 of Fig; 9.

The passage of the distilled vapors through the upper grate bars involves the loss at that point of much of their temperature, the bars Serial No. 503,300. (No model.)

being filled with water drawn from the boiler at its coolest point, and as a result it is difficult to maintain the combustion for the purpose of burning the carbon. By the use of a long retort through which these vapors are passed after leaving .the fire-boxtheir tem-' perature is again raised to the combustion point. The efliciency of this retort is increased by the free use of fire-brick which speedily become heated to a high degree.

In the drawings I show at, A, the face plate of a steam boilerfurnace, the front end of the boiler extension being shown at, B.

Firing doors are represented at, a, a, and the ash pit doors at, a, a. Y i

The side walls of the fnrnaceare shown at, A, A, and a transverse wall, A cuts off the back endof the fire-boxes and extends to the crown sheet of the boiler.

The grate bars, 0, are water pipes and are set staggered, that is, alternate bars are at different elevations. These grate bars are longitudinal with the fire-box and their rearward ends, 0, extend downwardly and communicate with the cross head, D, which is fed by a pipe,D, leading from the bottom of the boiler, B at its rearward end. The pipes, O, communicate at their forward ends with the cross-head, Efand pipes, e, 6, lead from this cross-head to the boiler entering it at 'a greater elevation than does the pipe, D, so that free circulation is insured through the pipes, C, and their steam generating capacity thereby augmented. Two sets of these grate bars are used and between them extending from the front wall backward'ly through the wall, A is a cylindrical retort Whose chamber is shown at, F, and which has an opening through its lower side. Fuel is thrown upon the grate bars, 0, through the doors, a, and these doors remain open to supply theair feed. The plane of the grates described is above the longitudinal opening in the retort and hence the draft is downwardly and into the retort. I

A central flue, 0, extends backwardly below the retort from the front wall of the furnace and is provided with a damper controlled opening leading thereto, 0. The flue, O, is

cal grate bars, P, P, and a roof plate, 0. A

deflecting plate,:Q, is set obliquely below and longitudinal with the grate bars, C, extending from the floor of the furnace near the grate bars, P, P, to the side walls, A. Fuel falling through the upper sets of grate bars, 0, strikes upon the deflecting plates, Q, and is thrown against the grate bars, P. Air entering through the opening, 0, and the flue, O, keeps up the combustion of this fuel and consumes it. The ashes are readily worked through between the grate bars, P, and thence drawn out by the use of a hoe, the front end of the flue, 0, being closed by a door,

The plate, 0, is provided with a longitudinal row of apertures into which are set short pipes, 71., open at both ends. A slide bar, R, having corresponding apertures is carried by suitable ways upon the under surface of the plate, 0, and has alongitudinal movement, so that its apertures may be caused to register with the lower ends of the pipes, 12 or the pipes may be closed by shifting the slide bar, R. This slide bar extends through the front plate A, of the furnace and is pivotally connected to a lever, 7, carried by a suitable hanger attached to the front wall of the furnace, whereby it may be operated. I prefer to flatten the upper end of the pipes, at, so that their openings are in the form of slots, thereby guarding against the accidental entry of any cinders which might be too large to find their way through to the flue, O.

The pipes, n, are protected from the intense heat to which they would otherwise be exposed by being inclosed by fire-brick, as shown at, N. These fire-brick also serve as supports for two rows of brick as shown at, M, reaching to the under side of the retort and interposed between the grate-bars and the retort opening. These fire brick, M, are spaced apart so as to permit the passage between them of the burning gases. I prefer to place a third row of fire-brick transversely across the retort opening as shown at, K, these brick being similarly spaced apart.

The retort may be variously constructed, though preferably being cylindrical in form,

, and having a longitudinal opening, g, at its under side and substantially through its entire length. This construction provides for ,the free entry of the burning gases, and an ample flue, F, for their passage backwardly to the combustion chamber, but the precise form of the retort or the means of ingress to it are immaterial.

In Figs. 2, 3, 4:, 5, 9, and 10, the retort consists of a hollow shell, G, made of boilersteel, and supported at its forward end by the front wall of the furnace, and at its rearward end by the transverse wall, A A water leg, (1 leads from the cross-head, D, to the rearward end of the shell, G, entering it at its lower side. Discharge pipes g, lead from the forward end of the shell, G, to the pipes c, which communicate with the upper part of the boiler, the pipes, g, communicating with the interior of the shell near its upper side. By

senses" this arrangement of piping provision is made for the free circulation of water through the shell and for the rapid generation of steam. The shell, G, may be lined with fire-brick, as shown at, H, for maintaining the high temperature of the burning gases, or, the shell, G, may be dispensed with entirely and the walls of the retort be composed of fire-brick as indicated at, I1, I1 In this construction the two rows of fire-brick, K, serve the additional purpose of supports for the retort.

In Figs. 7 and 8,1 have shown pipes, 1, embedded in the walls of the retort and extending throughout its entire length, annular headers, z", i, being located at the rear and front of the retort, respectively, for feeding and discharging these pipes.

Small pipes, 6', lead from the front end of the shell G, or from the front header, t", through the face plate of the furnace, and are closed by the caps, e These pipes afford convenient access to the interior of the shell,

or header, for cleaning. At dad are shown hand openings to the cross-head, D, for the same purpose.

Lancashire boiler furnaces are provided with a longitudinal ash pit, S. In this form of furnace I therefore dispense with the flue, O, and consequently with the form of gratebars, P, and the air supply used in connection with it as already described,and place a set of grate-bars, q, horizontally over this ash pit. The deflecting plates Q, reach to the sides of this set of grate-bars and the fuel falling from the down draft grates, is, conse quently, deposited upon them and burns directly below the opening of the retort. In this construction, as well as in that previously described, new fuel may be fed directly to the lower grates, a very decided advantagein case of a sudden demand for-increased steam pressure, and the resultant vapors willbe consumed as effectively as when the firing is limited to the upper grates.

I show in Fig. 10, the fines, b, b, forming a feature of the Lancashire boiler. The rearward end of the retort is directly in front of these flues so that the flame is divided and enters both of them.

In the style of furnace shown in Fig. 3, a bridge wall, L, is located immediately back of the retort for the purpose of carrying the burning gases up to the boiler, its general form being shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4.

More or less fire-brick will be used in conjunction with the retort according to the kind of fuel intended to be used. A fuel rich in carbon will necessitate the using of a liberal quantity of fire-brick in order that the temperature may be maintained and in this case the open brick work as shown at, M, K, will be especially serviceable.

I claim-- 1. In a down draftfurnace the combination with a pair of fire-boxes, of a chamber below the grates a tubular flue located between the fireboxes and opening substantially through its entirev length, to the chamber below the grates, and a wall closing the rearward end -of such chamber, substantially as described vfire-boxes and leading from this chamber through said wall, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

3. In a steam boiler furnace the combination with upper and lower fire-boxes, and with a wall for closing the rearward end thereof, of a tubular flue leadingfrom the chamber betweenthe two sets of grates through said wall, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

4. The combination with a pair of down draft fire-boxes, an up draft fire-box below them, and with the wall, A for closing the rearward end of said boxes, of a retort flue located between the down draft boxes and leading from the chamber below them through the wall, A substantially as described and for the purpose specified. 5. The combination with a steam boiler; of

.a down d'raftfurnace having its fire-box wall, A and service and return pipes connecting such water shell with the boiler, substantially as described and for the purpose 6. The combination with asteam boiler, of

" a furnace having two down draft fire-boxes,

a back wall, A, for closing such fire-boxes, a tubular water shell, or jacket, located between the fire-boxes and having its central chamber opened to the'chamber below the grates and to the combustion chamber back of the wall, A and service and return pipes connecting the water jacket with the boiler, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

7. The combination with a steam boiler, of a furnace having two down draftfire-boxes, a back wall, A, for closing such fire-boxes, a tubular water shell, or jacket, located between the fire-boxes and projecting through the wall, A, and having the rearward end of the central chamber open and a longitudinal aperture for communication between its central chamber and the chamber belowthe grates,

fire-bricks placed across the longitudinal aperture and spaced apart, and service and return water pipes connecting the water shell with the boiler, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

' out and opening to the intake aperture of the 8. The combination, in a down draft furnace, with the fire-box, a wall, A for closing the rear end of such fire-box, and with .a retort flue leading from the chamber below the grates, through the wall, A of an apertured wail of fire-brick, M, located across the line of draft from the grates to the retort flue, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

9. The combination in a down draft furnace, with the fire-box, a wall, A closing the rear end thereof, and with a retort flue leading from the chamber below the grates through the wall, A of air ducts leading from with retort flue, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

10. In a steam boiler furnace the combination with down draft grates, of inclined deflecting plates, Q, located below such grates and up draft grates at the foot of such plates,- substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

11. In a steam boiler furnace the combination with down draft grates, asolid wall, A at the rear of such grates, a retort flue at the side-of such grates and leading from the chamber below them through the wall, A of up draft grates below and at the side of the down draft grates, and deflecting plates, Q, below the down draft grates and adapted to throw the fuel falling therefrom in the direction of the vup draft grates, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

12. In a steam boiler furnace the combination of a pair of down draft, and a pairof up draft, fire-boxes, a wall, A closing the rear end of such boxes, a retort flue located between the down draft fire-boxes and opening to the fire-box chamber along its under side I00 and extending through the wall, A a central air flue, 0, between the up draft fire-boxes, vertical grates forming the side walls of the air flue, deflecting plates, Q, below the down draft grates and adapted to convey the fuel falling therefrom to the Vertical grates, air openings leading upwardly from the air flue,

O, a damper for closing the air openings, series of fire-brick spaced apart and interposed between the grates and the intake aperture of the retort flue, and a series of fire-brick spaced apart and located across such intake aperture, substantially as described and 'for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in I I5 presence of two witnesses.

"OREL D. ORVIS.

Witnesses:

LOUIS K. GILLsoN, M. H. L. WING.

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