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US4724065A - Hydrocarbon conversion with hot and cooled regenerated catalyst in series - Google Patents

Hydrocarbon conversion with hot and cooled regenerated catalyst in series Download PDF

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Publication number
US4724065A
US4724065A US06/831,904 US83190486A US4724065A US 4724065 A US4724065 A US 4724065A US 83190486 A US83190486 A US 83190486A US 4724065 A US4724065 A US 4724065A
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Prior art keywords
catalyst
regenerated
reactor
hot
cracking catalyst
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US06/831,904
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English (en)
Inventor
David B. Bartholic
Dwight F. Barger
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BASF Catalysts LLC
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Engelhard Corp
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Priority claimed from US06/804,871 external-priority patent/US4851108A/en
Application filed by Engelhard Corp filed Critical Engelhard Corp
Priority to US06/831,904 priority Critical patent/US4724065A/en
Assigned to ENGELHARD CORPORATION reassignment ENGELHARD CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BARGER, DWIGHT F., BARTHOLIC, DAVID B.
Priority to ZA871303A priority patent/ZA871303B/xx
Priority to CN198787100801A priority patent/CN87100801A/zh
Priority to BR8700869A priority patent/BR8700869A/pt
Priority to EP87301611A priority patent/EP0236054A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
    • C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process and system for converting heavy hydrocarbon oils into lighter fractions, including processes for converting heavy hydrocarbons containing high concentrations of coke precursors and heavy metals into gasoline and other liquid hydrocarbons.
  • this invention is directed towards the fluid catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons to obtain products boiling in the motor fuel range.
  • disengaging chamber which contains a stripping zone.
  • the disengaging chamber is a contained vessel either forming a relatively voluminous shroud about the downstream extremity portion of the riser or externally positioned and axially aligned therewith.
  • the fluid stream of catalyst and converted hydrocarbons is discharged into the disengaging chamber directly from the riser via a sidewise opening or port.
  • shroud-type arrangement it is generally preferred to pass the riser effluent from said sidewise opening or port firstly through a singlestage cyclone vented to the disengaging chamber.
  • a necessary and integral part of a fluid catalytic cracking reactor involves the regenerator wherein the spent catalyst has its activity restored.
  • Regeneration of spent catalyst is generally effected after separation of the spent catalyst from the reaction products.
  • the spent catalyst is removed from the reaction zone and contacted in a stripping zone with a stripping medium, usually steam, to remove vaporized and entrained and/or occluded hydrocarbons from the catalyst.
  • a stripped catalyst is passed into a regeneration zone wherein the stripped spent catalyst is regenerated by burning coke deposits therefrom with an oxygen-containing gas, usually air.
  • the resulting hot regenerated catalyst from the regeneration zone is then recycled to the reaction zone and contacted with additional hydrocarbon feed.
  • the efficiency of stripping affects the heat released in the regenerator. In practice, commercial strippers are not completely efficient and residual hydrocarbon is present in the catalyst discharged therefrom. Regenerator temperatures increase as the efficiency of stripping decreases.
  • the ratio of recycled regenerated catalyst to hydrocarbon feed affects selectively in a typical FCC unit.
  • the effect is most pronounced in a heavy oil FCC unit.
  • the higher the C/O the better the selectivity and the lower the contact time can be.
  • Lower contact time results in lower hydrogen transfer when using zeolitic cracking catalyst.
  • Lower hydrogen transfer also results in higher gasoline octane, increased olefins for alkylation feedstock, and higher hydrogen content LCO for distillate production for a given conversion.
  • catalyst circulation rate (CCR) and catalyst to oil ratio (C/O) are not independent variables that can be changed at will. Heat balance considerations in commercial unit establish the operating C/O.
  • the only variables that are independently controlled is cracking temperature (in particular, the temperature at the outlet of the riser cracker) and feed preheat temperature.
  • Selective vaporization is carried out in equipment similar to that used in FCC operations.
  • the fluid solid contact material is substantially inert as a cracking catalyst.
  • Selective vaporization occurs in a riser, called a contactor, and combustion of carbonaceous deposit takes place in a burner. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,263,128 (Bartholic) which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • the technology is known in the industry as the ART process.
  • delta ( ⁇ ) coke is the weight percent of coke on spent catalyst minus the weight percent coke on regenerated catalyst.
  • ⁇ coke is the weight of coke on spent catalyst minus the weight coke on regenerated catalyst divided by catalyst circulation rate (CCR).
  • CCR catalyst circulation rate
  • the novel process of the invention provides means to operate a heat balanced FCC unit or a selective vaporization unit at an increased C/O ratio. These means may be used alone or in combinations.
  • the CCR of an FCC unit, heavy oil FCC unit or selective vaporization process is controlled (increased) by directly cooling hot circulating fluid solid contact material.
  • hydrocarbon charge is fed directly to the base of a riser along with lift gas and/or steam, if needed, and contacted with hot regenerated fluid solid contact material upstream of the point at which the gasiform mixture is contacted with cooled fluid solid contact material for increased C/O in a heat balanced operation without cooling of the regenerator/burner system.
  • This method of operation reduces thermal reactions and increases desired catalytic reactions in FCC units.
  • This method of operation is also beneficial when feeds containing asphaltenes, basic nitrogen and metals, are being processed in FCC or selective vaporization units.
  • feed is preheated with a minimum of hot regenerated material to remove the aforementioned impurities and the cooled solid contact material injected immediately downstream of the hot solid contact material injection maintains a high selectively because active sites on the contact material are not covered with asphaltene (coke) deposits nor are they neutralized by basic nitrogen. Also, freshly deposited metals which are especially detrimental to activity have previously been removed during contact with hot regenerated contact material.
  • the invention comprises a system for controlling the operation of an FCC unit, heavy oil FCC unit or a selective vaporization process to increase C/O and superheat reactor/contactor vapors by combining hot regenerated material with spent contact material directly into the spent contact material stripper, or in case of the apparatus, described hereinafter, by combining hot regenerated material with reactor/contactor products between the preseparator outlet and the high efficiency cyclone inlet and returning the hot regenerated material to the stripper through the high efficiency cyclone dipleg.
  • This will lower the ⁇ coke on the circulating material which, in turn, will increase C/O ratio by lowering the regenerator temperature. This results in lower carbon on spent material by vaporizing more of the hydrocarbon from the spent material in the stripper.
  • a secondary beneficial effect is that the hydrocarbon vapors in the stripper and the high efficiency cyclone inlet are heated to a higher temperature than they would normally be heated. Since these vapors may be at their dew point, any cooling will normally result in condensation of the heavy ends, causing undesirable coke formation in the vessel, cyclones and vapor lines. By reheating these vapors, coke formation resulting from condensation reactions is reduced.
  • C/O is increased in an FCC unit or heavy oil FCC unit operating with a zeolitic cracking catalyst by lifting regenerated catalyst with a lift gas that is capable of being cracked in a riser before regenerated catalyst contacts feed which is injected downstream in the riser to control contact time.
  • the lift gas that is used forms coke on the acid sites of catalyst before feed addition.
  • the acid sites of the catalyst are deactivated by carbon formed when hot catalyst contacts lift gas.
  • Preferred lift gases are either wet gas from the main column overhead receiver or any gas after recovery of C3's and C4's in a gas concentration unit.
  • the zeolitic sites are not deactivated and are available to crack a gas oil feed. Coke is reduced and yield structure is improved. This results in increased octane and olefin production, as well as higher C/O.
  • the novel process of this invention also employs novel controls on both the reactor (contactor) and the regenerator (combustor) so that there is complete control of the circulating solid material.
  • the reactor contactor
  • the regenerator regenerator
  • the circulating material is in contact with combustion products (regenerator/combustor) or hydrocarbon vapors (reacto/contactor) it is in a dilute phase.
  • the material is returned to a different vessel.
  • the vast majority of other technology employed has a dense bed in contact with products of combustion of hydrocarbon vapors and utilizes cyclones to return the circulating material to the same vessel from which it came. This vessel always contains a dense bed of circulating material.
  • the dilute phase system is connected directly to a preseparator and then to high efficiency cyclones such as multicyclones so that the circulating material is always discharged into another vessel separate from the vapors.
  • This circulating material forms a dense bed in the secondary vessel, the secondary vessel being neither the reactor/contactor or the regenerator.
  • the novel process is characterized by being a completely balanced system in that the separation efficiency is the same for both the reactor/contactor and the regenerator/combustor so that the two systems will retain the same particle size range.
  • FIGURE is a diagrammatic representation of a preferred form of apparatus of the present invention which is suitable for carrying out the process of this invention.
  • the system comprises a fast fluid type system that essentially operates in the dilute phase with all of the material transported from the bottom of the regenerator (B) to the top.
  • the difference in this system when compared with conventional systems is (1) complete control of all catalyst flow into the system and (I2) all the catalyst that flows into the system is transported by the air and eventually by the products of combustion through the regenerator to the cyclones (E) and (F).
  • control is had not only of the total flow rate of air and combustion products but also the catalyst allows control of pounds per cubic foot of catalyst entering the cyclones (E) and (F) and therefore gives control of the loading to the cyclone so that the system is not overloaded.
  • air from a blower enters through line (A) and through the bottom of regenerator (B) containing catalyst to be regenerated and the flow rate is controlled to maintain a dilute phase.
  • the catalyst and vapors are rapidly separated in preseparator (E) at a efficiency greater than 80% and the catalyst material passes through the bottom of preseparator (E) through line (R) into the regenerator surge hopper (C).
  • Vapor materials exit (E) and pass into multicyclones (F) wherein flue gas is removed through line (G) and catalyst again passes through line (R) into regenerator surge hopper (C).
  • the regenerator system is obviously built to burn off all the carbon from the spent catalyst.
  • the products of combustion from the regenerator that exit through flue gas line (G) are mainly nitrogen, CO 2 , with a small amount of CO, i.e., less than 500 parts per million normally, SOx which is dependent on the amount of sulfur in the feed, water vapor contained in the combustion air and water vapor produced by combustion reaction.
  • CO 2 nitrogen
  • SOx sulfur-driven sulfur
  • NOx NOx produced
  • B temperature of operation of the regenerator
  • Most of the nitrogen in the coke that is related to the nitrogen in the feed is liberated either as ammonia or as nitrogen.
  • This system can also be operated to leave carbon on the regenerated catalyst by limiting the air to the regenerator. This may result in higher CO levels in the flue gas.
  • the amount of CO will depend on the regenerator temperature, carbon level on regenerated material and oxygen supplied for combustion.
  • a hot recirculation valve (O) is provided that circulates back hot material from the regenerator surge hopper (C) back to the base of regenerator (B). The purpose of this line is to control the temperature in regenerator (B) so that the carbon or coke can be burned off the spent catalyst in the time allowed in the dilute phase transport riser regeneator.
  • the ratio of the circulation rate through valve (O) and the circulation rate through spent slide valve (JJ) is at least 1:1 and in many cases will be 2:1 or greater so that the temperature in this system can be raised to that in which burning can take place completely to CO 2 and all the carbon burned off the catalyst.
  • the FIGURE also includes a preferred, though not an essential, embodiment of the novel process of the invention, namely catalyst cooler (N) whose flow rate is controlled by slide valve (P). This valve is used when the regenerator temperature reaches its maximum metallurgical limits in order to protect the equipment against excessive damages or to obtain a maximum temperature based on catalyst activity maintenance or C/O consideration.
  • valves (P) and (O) can be used. If one wishes to produce steam in order to supply energy to a refinery, valve (P) can be used continually in the open mode to generate a constant amount of steam. There may also be reasons to operate at cooler temperatures in the regenerator because catalyst activity maintenance, catalyst to oil relationship in the reactor or contactor (K), or due to the desired reaction kinetics. As indicated earlier, at the top of transport riser regenerator (B) all of the catalyst and air used for combustion enters preseparator (E). Preseparator (E) is designed so that the minimum efficiency must be greater than 80% and preferably greater than 90% removal of the solids from the gas.
  • the solids removed are discharged from separator (E) through regenerated solids line (R) to the regenerator surge hopper (C).
  • This return of the material from the preseparator (E) to the surge hopper (C) is done at a level lower than the bed level in surge hopper (C) so that the pipe is submerged in an actual level to prevent back flow of gas up the pipe into preseparator (E) causing preseparator (E) to malfunction.
  • the flue gas that exits preseparator (E) has only 20% or less of the catalyst with which it came into preseparator (E) and it flows out to the high efficiency cyclone system (F) for final clean up.
  • the total clean up in this system is greater than 99.0%, and preferably greater than 99.99%, and the essentially catalyst-free gas exits high efficiency cyclone (F) through line (G) to flue gas treating and/or the atmosphere.
  • the catalyst that is separated in high efficiency cyclone (F) is returned to the regenerator surge hopper (C) again below the normal level of catalyst so that this dipleg is sealed.
  • the regenerator surge hopper (C) is fluidized by controlling a small amount of air from the air blower into the system through an air distributor so that the material is maintained at at least the velocity of about one-half foot a second but no greater than 3.3 ft. a second in the vessel.
  • the gas carrying some catalyst exits through regenerator hopper (C) through line (L) which is connected back to the regenerator (B).
  • Line (L), the surge hopper vent is also an equalizing line and is a very key feature of this process. This line assures that the pressure at the inlet to preseparator (E) and the pressure on surge hopper (C) are equal so at no time can surge hopper (C) be at a much higher pressure than preseparator (E).
  • surge hipper (C) be at a higher pressure then preseparator (E) then it would be possible that the material that was separated in preseparator (E) could not flow down pipe (R) into the surge hopper and therefore cause preseparator (E) not to function.
  • the same pressure differential or equalization is necessary from high efficiency cyclone (F) to surge hopper (C).
  • Surge hopper (C) can be at a slightly higher pressure than either (E) or (F) as long as the level in the return pipes (R) is not high enough to cause preseparator (E) and high efficiency cyclone (F) to malfunction.
  • the vent line (L) is shown connected to the dilute phase regenerator (B).
  • vent line (L) from the regenerator inventory surge hopper (C) could also be placed between (E) and (F) and that choice depends on the velocity component in regenerator surge hopper (C).
  • vent line (L) is to insure that the pressure at inlet to preseparator (E) and the pressure on surge hopper (C) are equal.
  • reactor/contactor (R) through which is introduced lift steam through line (J) and hot regenerated catalyst through slide valve (Q) and feed through line (HH) and the products and catalyst again empty into preseparator (E) and then into (F) in the same manner as has been previously described with respect to regenerator (B). It is noted that it is also essential that there be an equalizer line (M) from the catalyst stripper (D) back to the cyclones (E) and (F) in the identical same manner as there is between regenerator inventory surge hopper (C) and regenerator (B). Therefore line (M) in the drawing performs the same function as line (L).
  • the operating parameters for regenerator (B) will be between 1100° F. and 2000° F. and for FCC operations less than 1400° F.
  • the velocity must be greater than 31/2 ft. per second in order to assure a dilute phase operation and less than 100 ft. per second and usually will be maintained in the range of 5-15 ft. per second.
  • the pressure on the regenerator will typically be between 5 and 50 psig, preferably between 10 and 30 psig and gas time will typically be between 3 and 15 seconds.
  • the reactor system design is very similar to that of the regenerator in the FIGURE in that it also consists of a two separator system (E) and (F) and a stripper (D) which also functions as a surge hopper as well as a riser/contactor (K).
  • the regenerated catalyst is taken from the regenerator surge hopper (C) through valve (Q) into the riser contactor (K). It can be contacted with a diluent such as lift gas, steam, hydrocarbon recycle, or water, or be fed through line (J).
  • a diluent such as lift gas, steam, hydrocarbon recycle, or water
  • the regenerated catalyst plus any diluent plus any recycle plus feed is contacted in contactor/reactor (K) for a period of time necessary to obtain the desired yield as either an FCC, heavy oil type FCC, fluid coker or as in an ART (selective vaporization) process, such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,263,128.
  • contactor/reactor (K) for a period of time necessary to obtain the desired yield as either an FCC, heavy oil type FCC, fluid coker or as in an ART (selective vaporization) process, such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,263,128.
  • preseparator (E) As in like manner with regenerator (B), the catalyst and vapors to preseparator (E) are controlled so that the system is not overloaded.
  • separators (E) and (F) are as discussed on the regenerator system and again the catalyst separated from the vapors is returned through lines (R) below the dense bed level to spent catalyst stripper (D).
  • the spent catalyst stripper (D) is fluidized with steam to the stripper.
  • the vent line (M) from stripper (D) enters between the separators (E) and (F). Since the amount of entrained material will be quite low, it could just as easily enter into the inlet to (E) as in the regenerator.
  • the spent catalyst then leaves the catalyst stripper on level control through valve (JJ).
  • the vapors now essentially free of catalyst leave the system through line (H) to fractionation and to separation. In the case of an ART unit they could be quenched at this point. In the case of a fluid coker, FCC or heavy oil FCC, the vapors would go into the fractionation system and may or may not be quenched.
  • the contactor (K) conditions are basically between 10 and 100 ft. per second and preferably running at an outlet velocity of about 70 ft. per second.
  • the time depends on whether there is an ART unit; as an ART unit, the time would be preferably less than a second, and normally less than 3 seconds, or as an FCC, which normally operates between 1 second and 5 seconds vapor time.
  • the temperature in the contactor would range between 800° and 1000° F.
  • the preseparator (E) is not narrowly critical and all that is required is that there by a very rapid disengagement of circulating solids and vapors. Materials of this type are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,285,706; U.S. Pat. No. 4,348,215; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,398,932, the entire disclosures of which are herein incorporated by reference.
  • the high efficiency cyclone (F) is a conventional type cyclone as to be understood that it can be one or a plurality of cyclones.
  • Preferred separation (F) is of the multicyclone type, described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,285,706; the disclosure of which is incorporated herein.
  • FIG. 1 also depicts systems for controlling an FCCU, heavy oil FCCU or ART Process to increase C/O by: directly cooling the circulating catalyst by using a cooler (V) and slide valve (W); lowering the carbon on the circulating material (catalyst or catalytically inert contact material in the case of an ART unit) which in turn will increase the C/O ratio by lowering the regenerator temperature by reheating the material in the reactor/contactor stripper. This is accomplished by combining hot regenerated material directly to the stripper through slide valve (S) and heating riser (U).
  • Lift media (T) can be either gas or steam.
  • FIG. 1 Another feature shown in the FIGURE is using lift gas (J) to lift the regenerated catalyst before contact with the feed (HH) which is injected higher in the riser to control time in the contactor on reactor riser.
  • This lift gas is used to form coke on the acid sites before feed addition to reduce coke formation and improve yield structure.
  • the acid site activity greatly increases as the catalyst is regenerated to carbon levels less than 0.3. This increased acid site activity increases coke formation of the hydrocarbon feedstock and reduces selectivity. Therefore, by contacting the catalyst with gas before feed injection the acid sites are deactiviated by carbon formation from the gas and the zeolitic sites, which are selective, are available for cracking the gas oil. This results in increased octane, olefins, and higher C/O.
  • Still another feature shown in the FIGURE is the option of putting the hydrocarbon feed directly into the base of the riser at (J) along with lift gas or steam and contacting it with hot regenerated catalyst before contacting it with cooled catalyst for increased C/O over a heat balanced operation without cooling.
  • This method of operation is beneficial when feeds containing asphaltenes, basic nitrogen and metals are being processed in an FCC system.
  • Using this method allows the operator to first preheat the feed with a minimum of hot regenerated material to remove the majority of the asphaltenes, basic nitrogen and metals so that the cooled catalyst injected just downstream of the first hot catalyst maintains a high selectivity because the active sites are not covered by asphaltene (coke) deposits, neutralized by basic nitrogen, or competed with by fresh metals activity.
  • Typical solids for cracking include those which have pore structures into which molecules of feed material may enter for adsorption and/or for contact with active catalytic sites within or adjacent to the pores.
  • Various types of catalysts are available within this classification, including for example the layered silicates, e.g. smeetites. Although the most widely available catalysts within this classification are the well-known zeolite-containing catalysts, non-zeolite catalysts are also contemplated.
  • the preferred zeolite-containing catalysts may include any zeolite, whether natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic, alone or in admixture with other materials which do not significantly impair the suitability of the catalyst, provided the resultant catalyst has the activity and pore structure referred to above.
  • the virgin catalyst may include the zeolite component associated with or dispersed in a porous refractory inorganic oxide carrier, in such case the catalyst may for example contain about 1% to about 60% more preferably about 15 to about 50%, and most typically about 20 to 45% by weight, based on the total weight of catalyst (water free basis) of the zeolite, the balance of the catalyst being the porous refractory inorganic oxide alone or in combination with any of the known adjuvants for promoting or suppressing various desired and undesired reactions.
  • the zeolite components of the zeolite-containing catalysts will be those which are known to be useful in FCC cracking processes.
  • these are crystalline aluminosilicates, typically made up of tetra coordinated aluminum atoms associated through oxygen atoms with adjacent silicon atoms in the crystal structure.
  • zeolite contemplates not only aluminosilicates, but also substances in which the aluminum has been partly or wholly replaced, such as for instance by gallium, phosphorus, boron, iron, and/or other metal atoms, and further includes substances in which all or part of the silicon has been replaced, such as for instance by germainium or phosphorus, titanium and zirconium substitution may also be practiced.
  • the zeolite may be ion exchanged, and where the zeolite is a component of a catalyst composition, such ion exchanging may occur before or after incorporation of the zeolite as a component of the composition.
  • Suitable cations for replacement of sodium in the zeolite crystal structure include ammonium (decomposable to hydrogen), hydrogen, rare earth metals, alkaline earth metals, etc.
  • suitable ion exchange procedures and cations which may be exchanged into the zeolite crystal structure are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • Examples of the naturally occurring crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites which may be used as or included in the catalyst for the present invention are faujasite, mordenite, clinoptilote, chabazite, analcity, crionite, as well as levynite, dachiardite, paulingite, noselite, ferriorite, heulandite, scolccite, stibite, harmotome, phillipsite, brewsterite, flarite, datiolite, gmelinite, caumnite, leucite, lazurite, scaplite, mesolite, ptolite, nephline, matrolite, offretite and sodalite.
  • Examples of the synthetic crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites which are useful as or in the catalyst for carrying out the present invention are Zeolite X, U.S. Pat. No. 2,882,244; Zeolite Y, U.S. Pat. No. 3,130,007; and Zeolite A, U.S. Pat. No. 2,882,243; as well as Zeolite B, U.S. Pat. No. 3,008,803; Zeolite D, Canada Pat. No. 661,981; Zeolite E, Canada Pat. No. 614,495; Zeolite F, U.S. Pat. No. 2,996,358; Zeolite H. U.S. Pat. No. 3,010,789; Zeolite J, U.S.
  • alpha beta and ZSM-type zeolites are useful.
  • the zeolites described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,140,249; 3,140,253; 3,944,482; and 4,137,151 are also useful, the disclosures of said patents being incorporated herein by reference.
  • the crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites having a faujasite-type crystal structure are particularly preferred for use in the present invention. This includes particularly natural faujasite and Zeolite X and Zeolite Y.
  • Typical solids for the ART process are those set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 4,263,128.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
US06/831,904 1985-12-05 1986-02-24 Hydrocarbon conversion with hot and cooled regenerated catalyst in series Expired - Fee Related US4724065A (en)

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US06/831,904 US4724065A (en) 1985-12-05 1986-02-24 Hydrocarbon conversion with hot and cooled regenerated catalyst in series
ZA871303A ZA871303B (en) 1986-02-24 1987-02-23 Hydrocarbon conversion process
CN198787100801A CN87100801A (zh) 1986-02-24 1987-02-23 改进型烃转化方法
BR8700869A BR8700869A (pt) 1986-02-24 1987-02-24 Processo de conversao de hidrocarboneto com equilibrio termico
EP87301611A EP0236054A3 (en) 1986-02-24 1987-02-24 Hydrocarbon treatment process

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US06/804,871 US4851108A (en) 1985-12-05 1985-12-05 Hydrocarbon conversion-regeneration process using dilute and dense beds
US06/831,904 US4724065A (en) 1985-12-05 1986-02-24 Hydrocarbon conversion with hot and cooled regenerated catalyst in series

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4820404A (en) * 1985-12-30 1989-04-11 Mobil Oil Corporation Cooling of stripped catalyst prior to regeneration in cracking process
US4929334A (en) * 1988-11-18 1990-05-29 Mobil Oil Corp. Fluid-bed reaction process
US4960503A (en) * 1988-11-21 1990-10-02 Uop Heating FCC feed in a backmix cooler
US4973398A (en) * 1988-05-25 1990-11-27 Mobil Oil Corp. Method of FCC spent catalyst stripping for improved efficiency and reduced hydrocarbon flow to regenerator
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US5464591A (en) * 1994-02-08 1995-11-07 Bartholic; David B. Process and apparatus for controlling and metering the pneumatic transfer of solid particulates
EP2535395A4 (en) * 2010-02-11 2013-11-27 Li Li METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR CIRCULATING A COOLED REGENERATED CATALYST
US11028328B2 (en) 2019-10-07 2021-06-08 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and processes for catalytic reforming of a hydrocarbon feed stock

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US4973398A (en) * 1988-05-25 1990-11-27 Mobil Oil Corp. Method of FCC spent catalyst stripping for improved efficiency and reduced hydrocarbon flow to regenerator
EP0433504A1 (en) * 1988-05-25 1991-06-26 Mobil Oil Corporation Method of FCC spent catalyst stripping
AU617572B2 (en) * 1988-05-25 1991-11-28 Mobil Oil Corporation Method of fcc spent catalyst stripping for improved efficiency and reduced hydrocarbon flow to regenerator
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US4960503A (en) * 1988-11-21 1990-10-02 Uop Heating FCC feed in a backmix cooler
US5059305A (en) * 1990-04-16 1991-10-22 Mobil Oil Corporation Multistage FCC catalyst stripping
US5464591A (en) * 1994-02-08 1995-11-07 Bartholic; David B. Process and apparatus for controlling and metering the pneumatic transfer of solid particulates
EP2535395A4 (en) * 2010-02-11 2013-11-27 Li Li METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR CIRCULATING A COOLED REGENERATED CATALYST
US11028328B2 (en) 2019-10-07 2021-06-08 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Systems and processes for catalytic reforming of a hydrocarbon feed stock

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CN87100801A (zh) 1987-10-07
BR8700869A (pt) 1987-12-22
EP0236054A2 (en) 1987-09-09
EP0236054A3 (en) 1987-10-07

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