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US4452445A - Loading device for physiological examinations - Google Patents

Loading device for physiological examinations Download PDF

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Publication number
US4452445A
US4452445A US06/371,301 US37130182A US4452445A US 4452445 A US4452445 A US 4452445A US 37130182 A US37130182 A US 37130182A US 4452445 A US4452445 A US 4452445A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
drive shaft
loading device
armature
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US06/371,301
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jozsef Csekes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Medicor Muvek
Original Assignee
Medicor Muvek
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Medicor Muvek filed Critical Medicor Muvek
Assigned to MEDICOR MUVEK reassignment MEDICOR MUVEK ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: CSEKES, JOZSEF
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4452445A publication Critical patent/US4452445A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/005—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters
    • A63B21/0053—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters using alternators or dynamos
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/06—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement
    • A63B22/0605—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement performing a circular movement, e.g. ergometers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/06—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement
    • A63B22/0605—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement performing a circular movement, e.g. ergometers
    • A63B2022/0635—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement performing a circular movement, e.g. ergometers specially adapted for a particular use
    • A63B2022/0647—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement performing a circular movement, e.g. ergometers specially adapted for a particular use for cycling in a standing position, i.e. without a seat or support for the trunk
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/22—Resisting devices with rotary bodies
    • A63B21/225—Resisting devices with rotary bodies with flywheels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S482/00—Exercise devices
    • Y10S482/903—Utilizing electromagnetic force resistance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2164—Cranks and pedals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loading or stress-inducing device for physiological examinations, which device has a shaft driven by the person to be examined, a drive with a free wheel, a transmission gear, a fly wheel mass which is coupled with the acceleration side of the transmission gear, a follower electric motor in brake operation and to which are connected externally electrical control and loading circuits.
  • the load or stress is advantageously produced by pedaling or bicycling which subjects old or young or experienced as well as inexperienced patients to the same load.
  • the bicycling can be accomplished either lying down or standing up.
  • variable loading no harmful effects, interruption at random and, they must be physiological and reproducible.
  • a special advantage is a feedback if the loading system can be controlled by the functional parameters, such as breathing, EKG, blood pressure, etc.
  • the following technical solutions are used for producing the load: eddy current brake, electric motor in brake operation, a dynamo-motor-tachometer system, scale motor, mechanical braking, etc.
  • the disadvantages of the above mentioned variations are; a sturdy structure, high production cost, large basic friction, force or restraining systems due to the characteristics of rotational machines, high current consumption, and loading that is dependent on the number of revolutions.
  • MEDICOR-WERKE unit KE21
  • MEDICOR-WERKE unit KE21
  • a pedal drive via a free wheel, a fly wheel mass and finally an electric motor of a specific structure is driven in brake operation.
  • the electro-motor is connected to external control and loading circuits by means of which the desired load is adjusted, that is, the compensation for internal friction is accomplished, which may amount to 40 to 50 watts.
  • the heretofore known devices are, although they perform their basic function, disadvantageous in that they are too heavy so that their handling and transport is made difficult and in that for compensating for the interior friction extensive solutions are required whose accuracy is not always sufficient.
  • the physiological loading unit comprises a shaft driven by the person to be examined, said shaft being provided with a free wheel, a transmission gear, a fly wheel mass which is coupled to the acceleration side of the transmission gear or with an electro motor in brake operation. External electrical control and loading circuits are connected to the electro motor. Furthermore, the drive shaft is connected via a free wheel to a drum wheel with internal gearing and the interior of which is provided with several intermediate gears of equal size and with equal number of teeth and which are evenly distributed along a circle. The intermediate gears are coupled to a pinion which is arranged on the drive shaft. The rotor of the electro motor is arranged on the internal shaft so that it simultaneously forms the fly wheel mass.
  • the stator of the electro motor is located next to the drum wheel with interior gearing and carries a polyphase winding which is connected to the electric loading circuit. Furthermore, the rotor windings are connected to the external control circuit by means of sliding contacts. In order to achieve a better utilization of space the rotor is designed such that the iron core consists of two overlapping halves which are bent towards each other. In the space between the two halves the fly wheel mass and the rotor windings are located.
  • the stator consists of an inner and an outer housing part as well as of an armature which is arranged between the same and connected by threaded spindles.
  • the shafts of the follower gears are connected to the inner housing part.
  • FIG. 1 is a composite of the physiological loading device, half in side view and half in section;
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken along line II--II of FIG. 1.
  • the physiological loading or stress-inducing device illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a stator and a rotor connected thereto.
  • the stator consists of a drum-shaped outer housing 1 which has an inner space, and of an inner housing 3 which is held by threaded spindles 2.
  • a laminated armature 4 is arranged between the inner and outer housing 1, 3.
  • the armature comprises crenellated spools and has a three-phase winding.
  • a drive shaft 5 which is journalled in bearings 6, 7.
  • the drive shaft 5 extends on both sides beyond the sidewalls and carries respective pedals 8 and 9.
  • the drive shaft 5 is surrounded by an inner shaft 10 which is not directly coupled to the drive shaft 5 and which is journalled in a bearing 11 in the outer housing 1 and a bearing 12 in the inner housing 3.
  • the inner shaft 10 has on both sides a shoulder which is respectively confined by iron yokes 13, 14.
  • the iron yokes 13, 14 are disc-shaped and are bent towards each other at their ends in the manner of a comb so that they form magnetic cores.
  • the fly wheel mass 15 In the space between the iron yokes 13, 14 there is located the fly wheel mass 15, the surrounding wound spool 16 and the rotor windings 17.
  • the terminals of the windings of the rotor 17 are connected to sliding rings 18 and from which the carbon brushes 19 connected to the outer housing 1 receive the current.
  • the rotor is driven by the pedals 8, 9 via the drive shaft 5.
  • This drive shaft 5 is coupled via a free wheel 20 to a drum wheel 21.
  • the free wheel 20 brings about that the drum wheel 21 receives a torque in one direction only so that no braking action is exerted onto the drum wheel 21 during rotation when the pedals are temporarily at a standstill.
  • FIG. 2 shows in section the acceleration transmission gearing, arranged between the drum wheel 21 and the inner shaft 10.
  • the drum wheel is provided with gear teeth along it inner margin.
  • the gear teeth mesh with three follower pinions 22, 23, 24.
  • These pinions are light plastic gears the supporting shafts of which are journalled at the inner housing 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows the follower pinion 22 and its shaft 25.
  • the supporting shafts for the follower pinions 22, 23, 24 are located at the tips of an equilateral triangle so that they are equally spaced from the inner shaft 10.
  • This inner shaft 10 has gear teeth in the area 26 meshing with the teeth of the follower pinions 22, 23, 24 in order to achieve an accelerated rotation of the inner shaft 10 upon rotation of the drum wheel.
  • the person to be examined sets the rotor in the interior of the apparatus in rotation by means of the pedals 8, 9.
  • the frictional loss of the entire drive amounts to approximately 4 to 5 watts, which represents a known constant and, therefore, can easily be added to the calculations.
  • an exciting or energizing current is fed to the winding of the rotor 17 by a control unit (not shown) so that a three-phase voltage is induced in the windings due to the thus created magnetic field.
  • the armature is connected to a braking unit (not shown) which is basically an adjustable resistor so that the physician can adjust the braking momentum.
  • the number of rotations can be varied within a range of from 20 to 100 revolutions per minute while the maximum output may amount to 600 watts. Due to the fact that the excitation and the load are independent of each other, the load can be adjusted in a stepless manner and independent of the number of revolutions.
  • the physiological loading apparatus according to the present invention is characterized by a very small volume compared to known apparatus of this kind of similar output.
  • the arrangement according to the present invention has an inner friction of only approximately 4 to 5 watts which is negligible compared to the frictional loss of from 40 to 50 watts for heretofore devices. Therefore, compensation by means of a separate control circuit is not required.
  • due to the particular design of the transmission gearing a uniform, smooth and almost noiseless rotation is guaranteed.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
US06/371,301 1980-08-29 1981-08-28 Loading device for physiological examinations Expired - Fee Related US4452445A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU2131/80 1980-08-29
HU80802131A HU180604B (en) 1980-08-29 1980-08-29 Physiological loading unit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4452445A true US4452445A (en) 1984-06-05

Family

ID=10957919

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/371,301 Expired - Fee Related US4452445A (en) 1980-08-29 1981-08-28 Loading device for physiological examinations

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US4452445A (pt)
EP (1) EP0058718B1 (pt)
JP (1) JPS57501514A (pt)
AU (1) AU548356B2 (pt)
BR (1) BR8108762A (pt)
DK (1) DK191082A (pt)
FI (1) FI73136C (pt)
HU (1) HU180604B (pt)
NO (1) NO821410L (pt)
SU (1) SU1271361A3 (pt)
WO (1) WO1982000769A1 (pt)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4746806A (en) * 1987-08-17 1988-05-24 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Manually operated electrical generator apparatus
US4880224A (en) * 1988-10-19 1989-11-14 Werner Jonas Rowing machine
US4938475A (en) * 1987-05-26 1990-07-03 Sargeant Bruce A Bicycle racing training apparatus
US4941652A (en) * 1987-02-09 1990-07-17 Nintendo Co., Ltd. Bicycle type training machine
US4949951A (en) * 1989-10-02 1990-08-21 Deola James A Body building exercise device
US4976424A (en) * 1987-08-25 1990-12-11 Schwinn Bicycle Company Load control for exercise device
US5031902A (en) * 1990-08-16 1991-07-16 Findlay Nathanial B Rotary motion transmission system for exercise bicycle
USD356848S (en) 1994-01-21 1995-03-28 Cosco, Inc. Child swing motor housing
US5586624A (en) * 1995-09-01 1996-12-24 Ko; Wen-Chung Fly wheel brake device for an exercise bicycle
US6003889A (en) * 1994-09-12 1999-12-21 Shalom; Saeed Solomon Simple drive assembly for bicycles with a plain axle containing larger and more durable bearings
USD420975S (en) * 1998-03-11 2000-02-22 Nippon Chemi-Con Corporation Hand operated dynamo
US6459184B1 (en) * 1999-03-09 2002-10-01 Cateye Co., Ltd. Ergometer loading device with large braking force
EP1184052A3 (en) * 2000-08-28 2003-07-16 Huang-Tung Chang Device for effecting resistance
US20030166437A1 (en) * 2002-03-04 2003-09-04 Hsiu-Chih Ho Exercising monocycle
EP1473062A3 (en) * 2003-05-01 2004-11-10 Body Bike International APS Bicycle for exercise, particulary a spinning bicycle
US7172532B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2007-02-06 Nautilus, Inc. Exercise device tubing
KR100847515B1 (ko) 2008-05-20 2008-07-21 성열규 운동기구용 부하장치 및 이를 구비한 운동기구
US20100093496A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-15 Playpower, Inc. Rotating exercise device
US7731637B2 (en) 2007-05-11 2010-06-08 D Eredita Michael Simulated rowing machine
US20110281694A1 (en) * 2010-05-13 2011-11-17 Marko Vujicic Exercise Cycle With Planetary Gear System And Rolling Recoiled Lateral Motion System
US9302148B1 (en) * 2010-05-13 2016-04-05 Shinn Fu Corporation Epicyclic gear system for use in exercise equipment
US10080919B1 (en) 2010-05-13 2018-09-25 Shinn Fu Corporation Epicyclic gear system for use in exercise equipment
US10195097B1 (en) * 2017-01-13 2019-02-05 Gaetano Cimo Neuromuscular plasticity apparatus and method using same

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3710842C2 (de) * 1985-10-02 1995-03-09 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Elektromagnetische Bremsanordnung, insbesondere für Ergometer
DE8528075U1 (de) * 1985-10-02 1987-05-14 Fichtel & Sachs Ag, 8720 Schweinfurt Bremseinrichtung für ein von einer Person anzutreibendes Gerät, insbesondere Ergometer
US4954759A (en) * 1987-04-01 1990-09-04 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Control circuit for an electromagnetic breaking arrangement
RU2526101C1 (ru) * 2012-12-27 2014-08-20 Юрий Владимирович Савин Тренажер "трон" simulator "throne"
WO2017210146A2 (en) * 2016-05-30 2017-12-07 Roy Rosser Reciprocating action drive
CN108721009B (zh) * 2017-04-14 2019-08-16 香港中文大学 磁流变串联弹性驱动器
NL2019598B1 (en) * 2017-09-21 2019-03-28 Tacx Roerend En Onroerend Goed B V Bicycle trainer and method of its operation

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU244166A1 (ru) * Е. П. Плевако Центральное конструкторско технологическое бюро велостроени Спортивный тренажер
US2195328A (en) * 1937-08-05 1940-03-26 Kellogg Switchboard & Supply Magneto-electric generator
US4084810A (en) * 1973-08-02 1978-04-18 Lars Osten Forsman Energy absorbing unit for physical exercising devices

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1556393A (pt) * 1967-12-29 1969-02-07
US3784194A (en) * 1972-04-20 1974-01-08 J Perrine Bilateral reciprocal isokinetic exerciser
DE2221005A1 (de) * 1972-04-28 1973-11-08 Forsman Oesten Koerpertrainingsgeraet
EP0013664A1 (fr) * 1979-01-12 1980-07-23 Paul Terraillon Dispositif indicateur de puissance pour un appareil de culture physique à pédalier

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU244166A1 (ru) * Е. П. Плевако Центральное конструкторско технологическое бюро велостроени Спортивный тренажер
US2195328A (en) * 1937-08-05 1940-03-26 Kellogg Switchboard & Supply Magneto-electric generator
US4084810A (en) * 1973-08-02 1978-04-18 Lars Osten Forsman Energy absorbing unit for physical exercising devices

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4941652A (en) * 1987-02-09 1990-07-17 Nintendo Co., Ltd. Bicycle type training machine
US4938475A (en) * 1987-05-26 1990-07-03 Sargeant Bruce A Bicycle racing training apparatus
US4746806A (en) * 1987-08-17 1988-05-24 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Manually operated electrical generator apparatus
US4976424A (en) * 1987-08-25 1990-12-11 Schwinn Bicycle Company Load control for exercise device
US4880224A (en) * 1988-10-19 1989-11-14 Werner Jonas Rowing machine
EP0364954A1 (en) * 1988-10-19 1990-04-25 Inside Fitness Inc. Rowing machine
US4949951A (en) * 1989-10-02 1990-08-21 Deola James A Body building exercise device
US5031902A (en) * 1990-08-16 1991-07-16 Findlay Nathanial B Rotary motion transmission system for exercise bicycle
USD356848S (en) 1994-01-21 1995-03-28 Cosco, Inc. Child swing motor housing
US6003889A (en) * 1994-09-12 1999-12-21 Shalom; Saeed Solomon Simple drive assembly for bicycles with a plain axle containing larger and more durable bearings
US5586624A (en) * 1995-09-01 1996-12-24 Ko; Wen-Chung Fly wheel brake device for an exercise bicycle
USD420975S (en) * 1998-03-11 2000-02-22 Nippon Chemi-Con Corporation Hand operated dynamo
US6459184B1 (en) * 1999-03-09 2002-10-01 Cateye Co., Ltd. Ergometer loading device with large braking force
EP1184052A3 (en) * 2000-08-28 2003-07-16 Huang-Tung Chang Device for effecting resistance
US7364533B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2008-04-29 Nautilus, Inc. Adjustment assembly for exercise device
US7771325B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2010-08-10 Nautilus, Inc. Exercise bicycle
US7172532B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2007-02-06 Nautilus, Inc. Exercise device tubing
US7226393B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2007-06-05 Nautilus, Inc. Exercise bicycle
US20030166437A1 (en) * 2002-03-04 2003-09-04 Hsiu-Chih Ho Exercising monocycle
EP1473062A3 (en) * 2003-05-01 2004-11-10 Body Bike International APS Bicycle for exercise, particulary a spinning bicycle
US7731637B2 (en) 2007-05-11 2010-06-08 D Eredita Michael Simulated rowing machine
US8235874B2 (en) 2007-05-11 2012-08-07 D Eredita Michael Simulated rowing machine
KR100847515B1 (ko) 2008-05-20 2008-07-21 성열규 운동기구용 부하장치 및 이를 구비한 운동기구
US20100093496A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-15 Playpower, Inc. Rotating exercise device
US7922627B2 (en) * 2008-10-13 2011-04-12 Playpower, Inc. Rotating exercise device
US20110281694A1 (en) * 2010-05-13 2011-11-17 Marko Vujicic Exercise Cycle With Planetary Gear System And Rolling Recoiled Lateral Motion System
US8876669B2 (en) * 2010-05-13 2014-11-04 Shinn Fu Corporation Exercise cycle with planetary gear system and rolling recoiled lateral motion system
US9302148B1 (en) * 2010-05-13 2016-04-05 Shinn Fu Corporation Epicyclic gear system for use in exercise equipment
US10080919B1 (en) 2010-05-13 2018-09-25 Shinn Fu Corporation Epicyclic gear system for use in exercise equipment
US10195097B1 (en) * 2017-01-13 2019-02-05 Gaetano Cimo Neuromuscular plasticity apparatus and method using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0058718A1 (de) 1982-09-01
WO1982000769A1 (en) 1982-03-18
HU180604B (en) 1983-03-28
EP0058718B1 (de) 1986-06-18
FI73136C (fi) 1987-09-10
FI73136B (fi) 1987-05-29
NO821410L (no) 1982-04-28
EP0058718A4 (de) 1984-02-09
FI821053A0 (fi) 1982-03-25
FI821053L (fi) 1982-03-25
JPS57501514A (pt) 1982-08-26
DK191082A (da) 1982-04-28
BR8108762A (pt) 1982-07-06
AU548356B2 (en) 1985-12-05
AU7582381A (en) 1982-03-31
SU1271361A3 (ru) 1986-11-15

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