US427006A - Hot-air furnace - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. H. NEVINS. HOT AIR FURNACE.

(No Model.)

Patented Apr. 29, 1890.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2'.

(No Model.)

J. H. NEVINS.

HOT AIR FURNACE.

No. 427,006. Patented Apr. 29, 1890.

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HOT-AIR FU RNAC E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 427,006, dated April 29, 1890.

Application filedJnne 15, 1889. Serial No. 314,478. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN H. NEVINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented new and useful Improvements in l-Iot-Air Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of said invention, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. v

This invention relates to certain improvements in hot-air furnaces for heating purposes; and it has for its objects to provide for the perfect combustion of the fuel by means of a downward draft of air into the combustion-chambers of the furnace, so that the inflammable gases arising from the fuel therein, as well as the fuel, may be perfectly consumed on a slow or rapid principle, as more fully hereinafter explained.

My invention consists, essentially, in a fu rnace, a single fire-chamber, and a central vertical eduction-flue extending through it, or having a series of fire-chambers arranged at proper intervals around a central eductionfine, and communicating therewith by means of a series of lines leading from the upper parts of said fire-chambers to the said eduction-flue, inconnection with an air-chamber surrounding all of the fire-chambers and the fines leading therefrom, the said fire chambers and the fiues being entirely surrounded by a coldair chamber communicating with the hot-air chamber by means of apertures through its bottom, and the hot air chamber being provided with reduction-passages, through which the hot air may be carried off through suitable flues to various points to be used.

The above-mentioned objects are attained by the means illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a horizontal sectional View, taken on the line X X of Fig. 2, showing a furnace constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 represents a side elevation of the furnace with a portion of the lower part broken away, so as to show the fines by means of which the air is drawn from the respective floors of a building into or through the furnace. Fig. 3 represents a transverse vertical sectional View of the furnace, taken on the line y g of Fig. 1. Fig. at represents a sectional. view of one of the feed devices through which fuel is introduced to the fire-chamber and air is admitted downwardlyinto the combustion-chamber thereof. Fig. 5 represents ahorizontal sectional view showing a modification'of the fire-chamber. Fig. 6 represents a vertical sectional view of a modification. Fig. 7 indicatesa sectional view of the central dome and grate. Fig. 8 represents a horizontal sectional view of a modification of the furnace, showing the same constructed with a single fire-chamber; and Fig. 9 is a transverse vertical sectional view of said mod ification.

Referring to the drawings, dicates the external shell or casing of the furnace, which is cylindrical in shape, preferably, and constructed of any suitable material.

WVithin the shell A and concentric there with an inner shell B, of less diameter than the external shell, is located, an intervening space 0 being left between the two shells, which forms a-cold-air passage, which connects with the external air by means of airducts E entering at suitable points near the top of the air-space. The bottom of theinternal shell is elevated above the bottom of the external shell, leaving an intermediate space D, which connects with the space 0 before mentioned, and the said bottom of the the letter A inthe grates are located the ash-pits G, provided with door-openings H through the external shell of the furnace. The upper ends of the fire-boxes are inclosed by means of plates I, which have openings from which extend upwardly the feed-tubes K, which pass through the crown of the furnace and terminate in the plane thereof, the said tubes being pro vided withperforated covers L, through which air passes to insure complete combustion in the combustiolrchambers, the said covers be ing removable for the purpose of charging fuel into the fire-pots. Vithin the feed-tubes are located internal tubes M, which are made flaring at their upper and lower ends, the upper ends being larger than the lower ends and fittingin the upper part of the feed-tubes, to which they are fastened in any suitable manner, The lower ends of the said internal tubes extend below the lower ends of the feedtubes into the upper parts of the combustionchambers, the object being to permit the gases, as they flash upward when the cover is removed, to pass up between the internal and external tubes and prevent the flame from flashing up through the feed-tube.

The letter N indicates an annular flue or chamber located within the inner shell around the upper portions of the fire-chambers, and with said annular chamber the upper parts of the fire-chambers are connected by means of radial flues P, so that the products of combustion may pass from the fire-chambers into said annular chamber.

The letterR indicates a flue extending centrally from near the bottom through the crown of the furnace and connecting with a suitable chimney orstack. From the annular flue, before mentioned, extend downwardly the flues S, which are bent inwardly at about right angles, and connect with the central fine R near its lower end, the connecting ends of the fines being gradually contracted, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

T indicates a Vertical flue concentric with and surrounding the flue R. The said flue T extends from a point below the bottom of the furnace up into the furnace, terminating in a dome U at the center of the crown of the furnace. The said flue T is provided with a chamber V at its lower end, into which enter a series of fines or tubes XV, extending from the various floors or apartments of the building in which the furnace is located for the purpose of ventilating the same. As shown in Fig. 3, the air drawn through the flue T and the tubes XV enters the heating-chamber of the furnace and is heated for further use.

In the modification in Figs. (3, 7, and S of the drawings the grate of the furnace is provided with a hollow cone V, which rises from the center of said grate vertically into the firechamber, being perforated at its apex, so as to admit air from below above the bed of fuel in the fire-box to insure perfect combustion in the combustion-chamber.

In the modification shown in Figs. 9 and 10 a single fire-chamber concentric with and surrounding the central eduction line is shown. In each of the latter instances, however, the general arrangement of the heating-tines connecting with the central eduction-flue is the same as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, the products of combustion being carried up centrally through the furnace and the combustion in the combustion-chamber being maintained by a downdraft or a draft of air entering above the bed of fuel in the fire-pot.

The hot-air chamber at suitable points is provided with eduction-fines X, through which the hot air maybe passed off to suitable places for use.

The operation of my invention will be clearly understood from the above description, in connection with the drawings, in which the course of the air for supporting combustion, the products of combustion, and the cold and heated air is shown by arrows.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a furnace, the combination, with the fire-pot and combustion-ch amber thereof, havin g a downward draft opening into the combustion-chamber, of a central eduction-flue passing vertically up through the furnace, and fines connecting the upper part of the combustion-chamber with the bottom of said central flue, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a furnace, the combination of a central eduction-flue, a series of fire-chambers grouped around said central flue, and a series of lines connecting the upper parts of the fire-chamber with the lower part of the connecting-flues, whereby the products of 001m bustion are carried off from the furnace, substantially as specified.

In a furnace, the combination of a firechamber located therein, a series of fines and a central eduction-flue, said series of fiucs connecting the upper part of the combustion chamber with the lower part of said eductionflue, a cold-air chamber surrounding the firechamber and fines, and cold-air-induction fiues leading to said chamber, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

i. In a furnace, the combination of a firechambcr, a central eduction-flue connected with the combustioil-chamber thereof, aheating-chamber, and a concentric air-flue surrounding the central eduction-flue having airinductions at its lower end and connecting with the heating-chamber at its upper end, whereby the air from a building may be witlr drawn and heated for subsequent use, substantially as specified.

5. I11 a furnace, the combination of the external shell, a concentric internal shell forming an intervening cold-air space, a series of fire-chambers, an annular flue connecting therewith, a series of downwardly-extcnding fines, and a central eduction-flue with which the said fines are connected at its bottom,

whereby the products of combustion are car- In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in 10 l ried off through the center of the furnace, the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

, substantially as specified.

6. The combination, in a furnace having a JOHN H. NEVINS.

5 central eductio'n-flue, of a firechamber located therein, and a grate having a central Witnesses: conical dome extending Vertically into the fire- H. M. STERLING, pot of the chamber, and a downward draft L. W. SINSABAUGH. opening at the top, substantially as specified.

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